JP3190419B2 - Perforation method of metal tubular material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for piercing a metal tubular material such as an aluminum extruded pipe.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, aluminum hollow extruded materials having holes in the peripheral side wall are used as home appliance parts, industrial equipment parts, transportation vehicle / equipment parts, aircraft / flying body parts, and the like. is there.

[0003] Conventionally, the production of such a tubular member having holes has been carried out by
The extruded hollow material is perforated by press punching, drilling, milling, or the like.

[0004] However, in the press punching method, the core must be inserted and arranged inside the hollow portion of the extruded material, and it takes time to insert and remove the core, so that the drilling operation can be performed efficiently. There was a disadvantage that there was no. Further, the core shape and the like must be changed every time the hollow material and the like have different shapes, resulting in a disadvantage that the cost is disadvantageous. Further, there is also a disadvantage that the die is worn during repeated punching, so that the drilling accuracy is gradually reduced. In addition, there is a disadvantage that it is necessary to compensate for the surface droop generated at the punched portion.

[0005] In drilling using a drilling machine or milling, it takes a long time to drill, and it is necessary to remove burrs after drilling.

Therefore, recently, a drilling method using a laser has been studied. Since the laser drilling is to perform the drilling by concentrating the energy at a high density only at the focal position of the beam, when irradiating the peripheral wall of the cylindrical material with the laser beam, the drilling action only affects the peripheral wall, The peripheral wall on the opposite side is not perforated, so that it is suitable for perforating the peripheral wall of the tubular member.

[0007] Since the laser drilling is a non-contact drilling process, it is not necessary to arrange a core that fits inside the tubular material as in the case of press punching. In comparison, the drilling operation can be performed efficiently and cost-effectively, and there is no decrease in accuracy over time or surface sagging. Further, the drilling speed is much higher than in the case of drilling by a drilling machine or milling, so that drilling can be performed efficiently and deburring work is unnecessary. Thus, drilling using a laser has many unprecedented advantages.

[0008] However, in the drilling process using a laser, there is a drawback that drilling debris enters the hollow portion at the time of drilling and adheres to the inner wall of the hollow portion.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention can produce a high-quality cylindrical member having no perforation residue on the inner wall of the hollow portion by using a high energy density heat source such as a laser. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for piercing a hollow cylindrical material made of metal.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a metal tubular member which is inserted and arranged in openings at both ends of a metal tubular member.
And penetrate at least one plug body in the length direction.
The two plugs in which the gas introduction paths formed were prepared,
Plug the ends of the shaped material into the respective openings of the ends.
Chuck and seal with the body inserted and arranged
Then, a gas such as a laser is applied to the peripheral wall of the cylindrical material while the internal pressure is maintained at a predetermined pressure exceeding the atmospheric pressure by introducing a gas into the hollow portion of the cylindrical material through the gas introduction path. The present invention provides a method of piercing a metal tubular material, characterized in that piercing is performed using a high energy density heat source.

The lasers exemplified as high energy density heat sources include Nd-YAG laser, C
An O ₂ laser or the like is preferably used.

[0012]

In the above method, as soon as a high energy density heat source such as a laser is applied to the peripheral wall of the metal cylindrical material and the hole is pierced, the difference in air pressure between the inside and the outside of the cylindrical material causes the metal material to move from the inside to the outside. An airflow is generated, and the action of the airflow suppresses or prevents penetration of perforated debris into the hollow portion. Therefore, it is manufactured into a high-quality tubular member having no holes in the hollow portion.

[0013]

Next, a method of an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, a hollow extruded member made of aluminum is subjected to the perforation processing.

[0014] In reference example method illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the drilling of the hollow aluminum extrusions (1), carried out in the stretching stage for shape correction in the surface equipment after the extruder.

That is, after extrusion according to a conventional method, the hollow extruded material (1) is conveyed from the run-out table to the stretching stage via the cooling stage, and is arranged at a predetermined stretching position.

In this arrangement, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), a gas introduction pipe (2) is inserted into the hollow part through one end opening of the hollow extruded material (1).

Then, the two chuck devices (3) and (3) are operated, and as shown in FIG.
Chuck both ends of. By this chucking, both ends of the hollow extruded material (1) are crushed, and the inside of the hollow portion is sealed.
Or a state close to sealing. In this state, the distal end of the gas introduction pipe (2) is configured to protrude into the hollow part.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3C, the chuck devices (3) and (3) are relatively moved in a direction away from each other, and a tensile force is applied to the hollow extruded material (1). Modify the shape to a straight shape.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 2D, a gas is introduced into the hollow portion through the gas inlet pipe (2), and the pressure in the hollow portion is increased to a predetermined pressure equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure. The gas is introduced by adjusting the valve (5) as shown in FIG. As the gas, air or the like may be used, but an inert gas such as argon gas is particularly preferable in that a compound such as an oxide is not generated at the time of drilling. Further, the pressure in the hollow portion is preferably set to a pressure higher by about 1 to 6 kgf / cm ² than the atmospheric pressure. If the diameter is less than this, the scum easily penetrates into the hollow portion at the time of piercing, and if it is larger than this, there is a disadvantage that energy is wasted.

Then, in the state of the internal pressure, as shown in FIG. 2, a perforated portion of the peripheral wall of the hollow extruded material (1) is irradiated with a laser beam to perform perforation. (7) is a laser torch, (8) is a laser oscillator, and (9) is an optical fiber cable. In the perforation process, as soon as the perforation is performed, an airflow from the inside of the hollow portion to the outside is generated due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the extruded material hollow portion. Is done. In the case where the holes are sequentially drilled at a plurality of locations with a time delay, the gas in the hollow portion leaks from the hole (6) due to the formation of the hole (6), and the internal pressure decreases. The supply flow rate may be increased to maintain the internal pressure.
When the hole to be bored is small, the decrease in the internal pressure is slight, and the gas flow rate may be adjusted as needed.
In particular, when drilling a hole having a diameter of 1 mm or less, it is almost unnecessary to adjust the gas flow rate.

After piercing the peripheral wall of the hollow extruded material (1), the chuck is released, and the extruded material (1) is transported from the stretching stage to the cutting stage. At the same time as the cutting, a fixed-size cutting is performed, and the process is further moved to the next processing step.

In the above reference example, the hollow extruded material (1) is targeted, and both ends of the hollow extruded material (1) are chucked by the chuck devices (3) and (3) in the stretching stage of the post-extrusion equipment. Because the inside of the hollow portion is crushed and closed or close to closed,
The perforation work can be performed more efficiently than a method of separately closing both ends of the hollow extruded material.

Moreover, since the laser beam is irradiated and drilled in a high temperature state suitable for stretching immediately after extrusion, the hole (6) can be efficiently drilled with high beam absorbency.

In addition, a special positioning jig or the like is used for fixing the extruded material (1) by piercing while maintaining the chucking state by a stretcher in the equipment on the rear side of the extruder. There is no need to do this, which is very advantageous in terms of equipment.

In the method shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, as in the case of the above-mentioned reference example, perforation is performed in the stretching stage in the rear equipment of the extruder. ), Etc.

That is, in the method of this embodiment, metal stoppers (10) (10) are used for closing the ends. The plugs (10) (10) are formed in an outer peripheral shape adapted to the inner peripheral shape of the hollow extruded material (1), and the outer peripheral surface thereof has a small uneven pattern (11 ) Is formed. Then, the outer end portion of one of the plug body (10) is connected a gas introduction pipe (2) is, in the lengthwise direction said closure member (10)
Gas is ejected from the inner end face side through a gas introduction passage formed therethrough . In the chuck bodies (13) and (13) of the chuck devices (3) and (3), gripping grooves (13a) and (13a) having a shape conforming to the outer peripheral shape of the extruded material (1) are formed on opposing surfaces thereof. ing.

As shown in FIG. 3, the perforating process is performed on the hollow extruded material (1) conveyed to the stretching stage, with the plugs (10) (1) in the respective openings at both ends thereof.
0) is inserted and arranged, and both ends thereof are chucked by the chuck devices (3) and (3). This plug (10) (10)
As a result, the crushing of the end portion of the extruded material (1) is prevented, so that the influence of the inward deformation action due to the crushing is suppressed or prevented, and the cut-off length of both ends due to chucking for stretching. And the production yield can be improved.

Thereafter, the chuck devices (3) and (3) are relatively moved in the direction away from each other to stretch the extruded material (1), and gas is introduced into the hollow portion of the extruded material (1). The internal pressure is increased to a predetermined pressure value. The type of gas and the pressure value in the hollow portion are the same as those in the method of the above-described reference example. At both ends of the hollow extruded material (1), plugs (10) and (10) are arranged in a suitable state and are gripped by chuck devices (3) and (3).
An irregular pattern (11) is formed on the outer peripheral surface, and this bites into the inner peripheral surface at the end of the extruded material (1) by chucking, so that the plugs (10) (10) are formed even when the pressure in the hollow part is high. It is possible to increase the pressure in the hollow portion to a predetermined high pressure value and maintain the pressure value without any trouble without causing a situation such as unintentional escape. In addition, if necessary, the plug (10) can be prevented from coming off only by the bite coupling force by the concave and convex pattern (11) of the plug (10), and gas is introduced in a state where the chucking is released. It may be performed.

Then, in a state where the inside of the hollow portion is in a predetermined high pressure state, a laser beam is irradiated to perform perforation in the same manner as in the above-described reference example.

By using the plugs (10) and (10) as in this embodiment, the cut length of the end of the extruded material (1) can be shortened as described above, and the production yield can be improved. At the same time, the inside of the hollow portion can be stably brought into a higher sealed state, and the penetration of the piercing waste into the inside can be efficiently prevented.

[0031] Moreover, the fixation of the stopper (10) (10), the chuck device (3) in the stretching stage (3) by by being made to those carried out by chucking, for example, a fixed separately lid by welding The fixing work can be performed more efficiently than in the case of performing.

Incidentally, an extruded round pipe material having an outer diameter of 20 mm, a wall thickness of 2 mm and a length of 5 m was used, and the inside of the hollow portion was maintained at a pressure of about 1 kgf / cm ² higher than the atmospheric pressure with argon gas. The processing time was compared between the case where one side of the peripheral side wall of (1) was irradiated with a laser beam and ten holes each having a diameter of 1 mm were drilled in the length direction, and the case where this hole was drilled as before. However, it has been confirmed that processing can be completed 30 times faster with a laser than with a drill. Further, in the case of using a laser, no perforation scum was adhered to the inner peripheral wall of the hollow extruded material (1). In this case, the maximum output of the laser is 50K.
The irradiation condition was a J / P Nd-YAG laser with a pulse energy of 20 J / P and a pulse width of 1 msec.

In the above embodiment, the description has been given of the drilling of a round pipe material. However, it is needless to say that the present invention can be applied to the drilling of various other cylindrical materials. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the perforating process is performed along with the stretching in the stretching stage in the rear equipment of the extruder, but may be performed in another stage for the perforating process. Further, the target of the perforation process is not limited to the extruded material. In addition, as a method for closing the end of the tubular material, a method such as welding a metal lid to the end may be used.

[0034]

As described above, according to the method for piercing a metal tubular material according to the present invention, the metal tubular material is inserted into the openings at both ends of the metal tubular material.
And at least one stopper in the longitudinal direction
Prepare two plugs in which a gas introduction passage has been formed,
Place both ends of the tubular material in the respective openings of the both ends
Chuck and seal with the plug inserted and arranged
In both cases, gas is introduced into the hollow portion of the cylindrical material through the gas introduction path.
In the state where the internal pressure is maintained at a predetermined pressure exceeding the atmospheric pressure, the peripheral wall of the cylindrical material is subjected to a perforation process using a high energy density heat source such as a laser, so that the hollow by the perforation is performed. It is possible to suppress or prevent intrusion of the perforated swarf into the inside of the portion, and it is possible to manufacture a high-quality tubular material with holes having no perforated scum attached to the inner wall of the hollow portion.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view sequentially showing a method of a reference example for each step.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state during drilling.

3 is a perspective view showing an actual施例method.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a state during drilling.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hollow extruded material (metallic cylindrical material) 2 ... Gas introduction pipe 3 ... Chuck device 6 ... Hole 7 ... Laser torch 10 ... Plug body

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23K 26/00 B23K 15/08

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A metal tubular member inserted and arranged in openings at both ends.
And at least one stopper in the longitudinal direction
Prepare two plugs having a gas introduction passage formed therethrough, and place both ends of the tubular material in the respective openings of the two ends.
Chuck and seal with the plug inserted and arranged
In both cases, gas is introduced into the hollow portion of the cylindrical material through the gas introduction path.
Was introduced and, while maintaining a predetermined pressure to the pressure exceeding the atmospheric pressure, the metal tube, characterized in that performing drilling using a high energy density heat source such as a laser to the peripheral wall of the tubular member The method of piercing the shape.