JP3189822B2 - Multi-type absorption air conditioning system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioning system, and more particularly, to a multi-type absorption air conditioning system capable of easily performing a cooling and heating operation according to a user's desire for individually controlling air conditioning.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An air conditioning system using an absorption chiller / heater is
For example, as described in "Small and Medium-sized Gas Air Conditioning System" (Japan Refrigeration Association, issued on March 25, 1989), the air conditioning system was basically a central air conditioning system. The following three systems are known as the central air conditioning system.

(1) All air system: An air conditioner is combined with an absorption chiller / heater, and cold and hot air is distributed and supplied to each room in the building by a cool / hot air duct. The system is operated by operating the remote control panel of the air conditioner and the remote control panel of the absorption chiller / heater, respectively. Although all the rooms in the building to which the hot and cold air is supplied can be air-conditioned collectively, it takes a long time to become comfortable, and it is not energy saving because it air-conditions unmanned rooms that do not need air conditioning.

(2) Water-air system: A plurality of air conditioners are dispersedly arranged in a building, a main pipe of cold / hot water is connected from an absorption chiller / heater to an air conditioner, and a cool / hot air duct is provided from each air conditioner. Distributes and supplies cool and hot air to each room. If the absorption chiller / heater is operated, only operating the respective operation switch of each air conditioner can air-condition only that area, which is more energy saving than the all air system. Regardless of the air conditioning requirements of the user in each room, it is necessary to first operate the absorption chiller / heater. If the air conditioner is not operated at that time, the solution in the absorption chiller / heater will be over-concentrated and crystallized, or the dilution operation will not be performed.

(3) All-water system: A plurality of fan coil units are distributed and arranged in a building, and connected to the absorption chiller / heater via a chilled / hot water main pipe and a chilled / hot water branch pipe. Regardless of the air conditioning requirements of each room user,
It is necessary to operate the absorption chiller / heater first,
If the fan coil unit is not operated, the solution in the absorption chiller / heater will be over-concentrated and crystallized, or the dilution operation will not be performed.

As described above, the absorption chiller / heater is used as a source of cold or hot water of a predetermined temperature as a heat source device for central air conditioning. In addition, the absorption chiller is a need to switch the cycle of the heating operation and cooling operation, has been set up in advance either.

[0007]

In the above-mentioned air conditioning system using the conventional absorption chiller / heater, the operation of the air conditioner in each room in the building and the operation of the absorption chiller / heater as the outdoor unit are different. It is necessary to operate the air conditioner, and it is necessary to turn on each operation switch when air conditioning, and even if a person in a room turns on the air conditioner operation switch because air conditioning is necessary, the operation switch of the absorption water heater If not turned on, there was a problem that air conditioning could not be performed. In addition, these switch operations require an operation procedure for operating such that troubles such as solution crystals do not occur. That is, at the time of starting the cooling operation of the absorption chiller / heater, a period of time is required until a difference in the concentration of the solution occurs before the start of cooling, and at the time of stop, the concentrated solution is cooled by natural heat radiation to prevent crystallization. Dilution time is required. If the operation is performed without the heat load from the air conditioner or the fan coil unit at the time of starting or stopping these, problems such as the generation of solution crystals and the inability to perform the dilution operation occur as described above. Therefore, before the absorption chiller / heater is operated, it is necessary to operate a part or all of the air conditioner or the fan coil unit so that the chiller / heater is circulated regardless of the load requirement. However, these operations were complicated and prevented ordinary users from driving.

Further, when switching between the cooling and heating operation modes, it is necessary to switch the operation of the absorption chiller / heater main body. That is, it is necessary to switch the refrigerant cycle and to remove the cooling water from the heat exchangers of the absorber and the condenser, and these operations cannot be performed by general users.
Further, as described above, since part or all of the air conditioner or the fan coil unit is operated before the absorption chiller / heater is operated to circulate the chilled / hot water regardless of the load requirement, the blast starting force and Useless energy was used in terms of circulating power for cold and hot water.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, and is an easy-to-use multi-type absorption air conditioner that can comfortably air-condition according to a request for air conditioning from a plurality of rooms and a request for switching between cooling and heating by a general user. It is to provide a system.

[0010]

A feature of the present invention to achieve the above object is that a dilute solution diluted with a refrigerant is heated by a regenerator to generate refrigerant vapor, and the refrigerant vapor is cooled by cooling means during cooling. After cooling and condensing, the circulating water is cooled by evaporating with an evaporator, and at the time of heating, the circulating water is heated by the refrigerant vapor with the evaporator to be warm water, and the refrigerant after cooling or heating the circulating water with the evaporator is heated. It has a plurality of absorption chiller / heater which absorbs or mixes the concentrated solution generated at the time of generation of refrigerant vapor with an absorber to make a dilute solution and returns it to the regenerator. Cooling or heating is performed by the plurality of absorption chiller / heater. In a multi-type absorption air conditioning system including a circulating water system that guides the circulated water, and a plurality of indoor units having heat exchange means for exchanging heat between circulating water and air flowing through the circulating water system, one or more Table An indoor unit controller for controlling the indoor units, a centralized control panel for communicating with a plurality of the indoor unit controllers by communication means, and a plurality of absorption chiller / heater units between the plurality of absorption chiller / heater units and the centralized control panel. And a number control panel for instructing the operation or stop of the system.

At least one of the central control panel and the number control panel has an algorithm for determining the number of units to be operated; the heat exchange capacity of each indoor unit is registered in the central control panel in advance, and the algorithm is used for operating. It is desirable to calculate the load factor of the indoor units from the number of indoor units and the registered heat exchange capacity, and determine the number of operating units from this load factor.

Further, the absorption chiller / heater has a chiller / heater control panel for controlling the operation or stop of the absorption chiller / heater; the centralized control panel instructs the operation of the chiller / heater on a preset schedule. It is desirable to have scheduling means.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Some embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the entire system according to the present invention. This system is an absorption type chiller / heater 1 equipped with a cooling tower CT, a cooling water pump and a chilled / hot water pump.
And an indoor unit 2 for adjusting and sending the temperature of the air taken in by the cold / hot water sent from the absorption hot / cold water unit 1 through the cold / hot water pipe 3. Each indoor unit 2
The air volume is controlled by the indoor unit controller 6 provided for each of them, and the air volume is adjusted by controlling the rotation speed of the fan 2A.

The cold / hot water pipe 3 is connected to the absorption type cold / hot water machine 1.
A main pipe 3A, a plurality of sub pipes 3C to a plurality of indoor units 2, a branch pipe 3B connecting the main pipe 3A and the plurality of sub pipes 3C to branch cold and hot water, Consisting of Thereby, the chilled and heated water from one absorption chilled and heated water unit 1 is distributed to each indoor unit 2, and a multi air conditioning system can be configured. Further, the indoor unit 2 has a water-air heat exchange function and an air intake / outlet function. This means that the cold / hot water sent by the sub-line 3C passes through the heat exchange coil 2B of the indoor unit 2, and the heat of the cold / hot water is transmitted to the air through the air sucked by the fan 2A to the outside thereof. This is achieved by blowing the air into the room by the fan 2A. In addition, the pipeline 3 has a reciprocating pipeline.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, one absorption type water heater 1 having a cooling tower CT, a cooling water pump (not shown), and a cold and hot water pump (not shown), and a cold and hot water pipe 3
And a plurality of indoor units 2 each having a heat exchange coil 2B and a fan 2A, a chiller / heater operation panel 4 for controlling the absorption chiller / heater 1, and an indoor unit for controlling one or more indoor units, respectively. A centralized control panel 5 that communicates between the unit controller 6 and the chiller / heater operation panel by a communication unit 7 and communicates with an indoor unit controller by a communication unit 8, and a centralized control panel 5 by a communication unit 12. A central operation panel 9 for communicating with the central control panel 5, an outside air temperature sensor 10 for transmitting an outside air temperature signal to the central control panel 5 by the communication means 13, and a temperature and humidity sensor 11 for transmitting an indoor temperature and humidity signal to the central control panel 5 by the communication means 14.
Thus, a system is configured.

The operation will be described below. First, normal cooling /
The heating operation will be described. The central operation panel 9 is an operation panel that controls the entire facility of the building including the air conditioning system of the present embodiment.
By sending a system start signal from the central control panel 9 to the central control panel 5, this air conditioning system is in a standby state, and all control panels and devices constituting the system are operable and stopped. In this state, when the indoor unit operation switch is turned on by the first one indoor unit controller among all the plurality of indoor unit controllers 6,
The first one of the indoor units from the indoor unit controller to the centralized control panel
A signal indicating that the table is in an operating state is transmitted, and a centralized control panel 5 sends a chilled / hot water machine start signal to the chilled / hot water machine control panel 4,
The water heater 1 is started. After startup, the chiller / heater detects the temperature at the outlet of the chiller / heater and automatically starts and stops.

Next, when the plurality of indoor units are stopped while the absorption chiller / heater is operating, and the indoor unit operation switch of the indoor unit controller 6 of the last indoor unit is turned off, The signal is transmitted to the central control panel 5 through the communication means 8. Then, a cold / hot water machine stop signal is transmitted from the central control panel 5 to the cold / hot water machine control panel 4 via the communication means 7, and the cold / hot water machine is stopped regardless of the cold / hot water cold / hot water outlet temperature. When the system stop signal is transmitted from the central operation panel 9 to the central control panel 5 in a state where the water heater is stopped, the system is stopped.

Next, the operation of the chiller / heater when the chiller / heater stop signal is transmitted to the chiller / heater control panel 4 will be described. FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an embodiment of an absorption type water cooling / heating machine of the present invention. Figure
Fig. 4 shows the system diagram. The chiller / heater has a high-temperature regenerator 25, a low-temperature regenerator 24, and a burner 26 serving as a heating unit that has the function of heating a dilute solution diluted with a refrigerant to generate a refrigerant vapor. In cooling, the refrigerant vapor is cooled by cooling water. A condenser 23 for condensing, cooling and hot water by evaporating the condensed refrigerant, and evaporator 21 for heating cold and hot water by refrigerant vapor during heating, and a refrigerant after cooling or heating the cold and hot water by the evaporator Is absorbed or mixed with the concentrated solution generated at the time of generation of the refrigerant vapor by the absorber 22 to form a dilute solution.
Returned to 4.

During the cooling operation, when the chiller / heater stop signal is transmitted to the chiller / heater control panel 4, the cooling water pump and the chiller / heater pump cooling tower of the chiller / heater are immediately stopped, and the burner 26 is stopped.
Extinguishes fire. In this state, since the concentrated solution is present in the chiller / heater, the solution pump 28 continues to operate for a certain period of time to dilute the solution so that crystals are not generated by cooling after stopping. At this time, when the refrigerant vapor is absorbed in the absorber 22, the pressure in the evaporator 21 decreases, and the cold / hot water stagnant due to the stop of the cold / hot water pump in the heat transfer tube 37 of the evaporator 21 is excessively cooled and frozen, It may damage the heat transfer tube. Therefore, the refrigerant liquid accumulated in the refrigerant tank 31 at the bottom of the condenser 23 during the cooling operation is absorbed via the refrigerant blow pipe 32 by opening the refrigerant blow valve 30 by the chiller / heater stop signal. By sending the concentrated solution in the absorber to the concentrated solution in the absorber 22 to dilute the refrigerant vapor absorbing ability, freezing of cold and hot water can be prevented. Further, since the cold / hot water pump and the cooling water pump are stopped immediately upon receiving the cold / hot water machine stop signal, energy is saved.

Next, switching of the cooling / heating operation mode will be described. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the central control panel 5 has a cooling / heating changeover switch. When the cooling / heating switching switch is switched from cooling to heating or from heating to cooling, a cooling / heating switching signal is transmitted from the centralized control panel 5 to the water / water heater control panel 4. The chiller / heater is electrically operated by the cooling / heating switching signal,
It has a function of automatically switching the operation mode from cooling to heating or from heating to cooling. The central control panel 5 switches the cooling / heating operation mode with one touch.

The cooling / heating switching signal is transmitted from the central control panel 5 to the chiller / heater control panel 4 and simultaneously the indoor unit controller 6
And switches the indoor unit control mode incorporated in the indoor unit controller 6 from cooling to heating or from heating to cooling.

Next, control of the burner 26 will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of heating for each position of the burner 26. The burner 26 has four positions of OFF (zero heating amount) L0, H1, and H2, and the relationship between the heating amounts in each case is L0 <H1 <H2. Burner 26 is OFF, L0 and H1 during cooling.
Take one of the two positions. At the time of heating, it takes one of OFF, L0 and H2. Switching between cooling and heating is automatically performed by a cooling / heating switching signal sent to the chiller / heater control panel 4. The chiller / heater has means for detecting the temperature of the chiller / heater outlet at the chiller / heater.
Automatically controls burner position. 6 and 7
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between a hot / cold water outlet temperature in cooling and heating and a burner position. In addition, as is clear from the figure,
In each case of cooling and heating, the setting of the hot / cold water outlet temperature corresponding to the burner position is "strong""medium""weak"
There are three types of settings: Even when the load on the indoor unit is extremely small, the operation of the chiller / heater can be continued by the L0 position of the burner, and the fluctuation width of the chiller / heater outlet temperature caused by the load change can be reduced.

A method for controlling the position of the burner 26 of the chiller / heater from the central control panel 5 in consideration of the load of the indoor unit will be described. Whether each indoor unit is in the operating state or the stopped state is transmitted from the indoor unit controller to the centralized control panel 5. The central control panel 5 integrates the load factor Q (%) of the indoor units from the registered heat exchange capacity of each indoor unit and the number of operating indoor units.

When Q becomes equal to or less than the preset value Q1, the centralized control panel 5 changes the cold / hot water outlet temperature setting to the hot / cold water heater control panel 4 so as to change the temperature range of the burner position H1 or H2 to cooling. Shifts to the higher side in the case of heating and to the lower side in the case of heating, and issues a signal for changing to the settings shown in FIGS. 8 and 10. Q is a preset value Q2 (Q1 ≤ Q
2) When the above is completed, the centralized control panel 5 returns the cold / hot water outlet temperature setting to the cold / hot water machine control panel 4 and outputs a signal for returning to the setting shown in FIG.

Therefore, when the load factor of the indoor unit is small, the chiller / heater is operated mainly when the burner position is only the L0 position. Thus, instead of switching the burner to L0 after the detected temperature of the cold / hot water outlet gradually decreases when the load on the indoor unit decreases, instead of directly detecting the decrease in the load on the indoor unit, ,
The fluctuation range of the cold / hot water outlet temperature can be further reduced, and the phenomenon of freezing due to a decrease in the temperature of the cold / hot water in the case of cooling, the excessive cooling of the room in the case of cooling, and the excessively hot room in the case of heating can be avoided. In addition, the amount of heating heat of the burner is directly reduced according to the load factor in the room, so that more energy is saved.

Next, the dehumidifying operation will be described. The centralized control panel 5 receives signals of the indoor temperature and humidity from the temperature / humidity sensor 11 in the room where the centralized control panel 5 is installed via the communication means 14, and calculates the indoor relative humidity RH. In addition, the temperature and humidity sensor 11 may be installed inside the centralized control panel 5. Further, the centralized control panel 5 is installed in a room to be air-conditioned. Indoor humidity RH in cooling operation mode
Becomes larger than a preset value RH1, the centralized control panel 5 sets the set temperature at the outlet of the chilled / hot water heater to the chilled / hot water heater control panel lower than the normal cooling operation. For example, in FIG. ° C, t2 = 9 ° C, t1
Is changed to 5 ° C and t2 to 7 ° C. At the same time, the centralized control panel 5 issues a command to the indoor unit controller 6 to reduce the rotation speed of the indoor unit fan 2A. As a result, the temperature of the air cooled in the indoor unit decreases, and moisture in the air is condensed on the surface of the heat exchange coil 2B inside the indoor unit to be removed, thereby providing indoor comfort by dehumidifying the room. There are advantages that can be done. When the relative humidity RH becomes lower than a preset value RH2 (RH1≥RH2), the central control panel 5 cancels the above-mentioned command.

The central control panel 5 has a manual dehumidification switch. When the manual dehumidification switch is on, the centralized control panel 5 automatically issues the dehumidification command or the dehumidification cancellation command based on the signal of the temperature and humidity sensor 11. When the manual dehumidification switch is off, the centralized control panel 5 does not issue a dehumidification command regardless of the signal of the temperature / humidity sensor 11. When the manual dehumidification switch is turned off during the dehumidification operation, the centralized control panel 5 cancels the dehumidification command.

If the temperature / humidity sensor 11 is not provided and the circuit for receiving the signal from the temperature / humidity sensor 11 of the centralized control panel 5 is short-circuited, the centralized control panel 5 issues a dehumidification command by turning on the manual dehumidification switch, and the manual dehumidification is performed. Release the dehumidification command when the switch is turned off.

The temperature and humidity sensor 11 is installed in a room to be air-conditioned and senses the temperature and humidity in the room. Instead, the temperature and humidity sensor 11 is installed outdoors or in the middle of an outside air introduction port of an air conditioning system in a building or in the middle of an outside air introduction duct. You may comprise so that temperature and humidity may be sensed. At this time, the central control panel 5 issues a dehumidification operation command regardless of the temperature and humidity in the room where the air conditioning is performed. Even if the temperature and humidity of the outside air are the conditions of the dehumidifying operation,
When the indoor user does not need the dehumidifying operation, the user operates the indoor unit controller 6 to change the rotation speed of the indoor unit fan 2A from the low rotation speed to the middle rotation speed or the high rotation speed, or to set the room temperature. When the value is lower than a predetermined value, the centralized control panel 5 detects the operation by a signal from the indoor unit controller 6 and cancels the dehumidification command. Also,
The dehumidifying operation can also be canceled by turning off the manual dehumidifying switch.

Next, a description will be given of an operation of changing the setting of the chilled / hot water outlet temperature of the chilled / hot water machine according to the outside air temperature. The centralized control panel 5 receives a signal of the outside air temperature from the separately installed outside air temperature sensor 10 via the communication means 13. In the cooling operation mode, the outside air temperature T is set to a preset temperature T.
If it is lower than 1, the central control panel 5
On the other hand, the pattern for setting the outlet temperature of the chilled / hot water of the chilled / hot water machine is changed from “strong” to “medium” and “medium” to “weak” according to the “strong”, “medium” and “weak” shown in FIG. , "Weak" issues a command to change it to "weak". The pattern for setting the outlet temperature of the hot and cold water is selected in advance by a manual switch of the central control panel 5, and an initial setting command is issued from the central control panel 5 to the hot and cold water control panel 4.

The outside air temperature T is set to a preset temperature T2 (T2
If it is higher than ≧ T1), the centralized control panel 5 issues a command to the chiller / heater controller panel 4 to restore the chilled / hot water outlet temperature setting. Thus, when the outside air temperature is low in the cooling operation, the set temperature of the cold / hot water is automatically increased, and the energy of the water / hot water machine can be saved.

Next, the operation management function of the entire system of the centralized control panel 5 will be described. The central control panel 5 receives a signal indicating the operation / stop / failure state of each indoor unit from the indoor unit controller 6 via the communication means 8, and displays the signal on the display unit of the central control panel 5. Further, the central control panel 5 receives a signal indicating the operation / stop / failure state of the chiller / heater from the chiller / heater controller 4 via the communication means 7 and displays the signal on the display section of the central controller 5. indicate.

Further, the central control panel 5 is provided with
And a manual operation function for manually issuing an operation / stop signal to each indoor unit controller 6. Further, the centralized control panel 5 has a schedule timer for sending a command to stop the operation of the chiller / heater and the respective indoor units according to a preset schedule to the respective indoor unit controllers 6 and the chiller / heater control panel 4.

With the above functions, the centralized control panel 5 can manage the operation of the entire air-conditioning system including the indoor unit and the chiller / hot-water unit, thereby improving the management efficiency.

FIG. 10 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of chiller / hot water heaters 1 are provided for one central control panel 5, and Cold and hot water pipes 3D and 3E are provided in the cold and hot water pipes on the inlet and outlet sides,
It communicates with a plurality of water / water heater control panels 4 via communication means 6,
It differs from the central control panel 5 through the communication means 7A in that a number control panel 15 is provided. Other configurations are the same.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below. First, normal cooling / heating operation will be described. The central control panel 9 is a control panel for controlling the entire facilities of the building provided with the air conditioning system of the present embodiment. The central control panel 9 sends a system start signal to the central control panel 5 so that the air conditioning system enters a standby state. , All the control panels and devices constituting the system are operable and stopped. In this state, when the indoor unit operation switch is turned on by the first indoor unit controller among all the indoor unit controllers, the first indoor unit is operated by the indoor unit controller on the centralized control panel 5. Is transmitted from the centralized control panel 5 to the number-of-units control panel 15 to send a water / water heater start signal. In the number control panel 15, a chill / hot water start signal is sent from the number control panel 15 to the chill / water heater control panel 4 of the chiller / heater selected according to the built-in operation chiller / heater selection algorithm, and the chiller / heater is started. . After start-up, the chiller / heater detects the temperature at the outlet of the chiller / heater of the hot / cold water and automatically starts and stops.

Next, while the absorption-type water heater / heater is operating, the plurality of indoor units are stopped, and the indoor unit operation switch of the indoor unit controller of the last one indoor unit is turned off. The signal is transmitted to the central control panel 5 through the communication means 8. Then, an absorption type chiller / heater stop signal is sent from the centralized control panel 5 to the number controller 15, and a chiller / heater stop signal is sent from the number control panel 15 to the chiller / heater control panel 4, and all absorption-type cold / hot The water machine is stopped regardless of the outlet temperature of the hot and cold water. When the system stop signal is transmitted from the central control panel 9 to the central control panel 5 in a state where the absorption chiller / heater 1 is stopped, the system is stopped.

The operation of the absorption chiller / heater 1 when the chiller / heater stop signal is transmitted to the chiller / heater control panel 4 has already been described.

Next, switching of the cooling / heating operation mode will be described. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, the centralized control panel 5 has a cooling / heating switching switch. When the cooling / heating switching switch is switched from cooling to heating or from heating to cooling, a cooling / heating switching signal is transmitted from the centralized control panel 5 to the number control panel 15, and the cooling / heating switching signal is transmitted from the number control panel 15 to all the cooling / heating water control panels 4. Is transmitted. The absorption chiller / heater has a function in which the electric means automatically switches the operation mode from cooling to heating or from heating to cooling in response to the cooling / heating switching signal. The operation mode of cooling / heating can be switched with one touch from the central control panel 5.

The cooling / heating switching signal is transmitted from the central control panel 5 to the water / water heater control panel 4 and the indoor unit controller 6
And switches the indoor unit control mode incorporated in the indoor unit controller 6 from cooling to heating or from heating to cooling.

The control of the burner 26 has already been described.

Next, of the plurality of absorption type water coolers / heaters 1,
How to drive the vehicle and how to determine the number of vehicles to be driven will be described. Whether each indoor unit is in the operating state or the stopped state is transmitted from the indoor unit controller to the centralized control panel 5. The central control panel 5 integrates the load factor Q (%) of the indoor units from the registered heat exchange capacity of each indoor unit and the number of operating indoor units.

The centralized control panel 5 has an algorithm for determining the number of operating water absorption and cooling water heaters corresponding to Q, and sends a signal of the determined number to the number control panel 15. The number control panel that receives the operating number signal has the operating number command inside. A rotation function for equalizing the operation time of each absorption chiller / heater determines an absorption chiller / heater to be operated and issues an operation stop signal to a control panel of each absorption chiller / heater.

When the number of operating absorption-type water heaters is one,
As described above for one of the units, the position of the burner 26 of the absorption chiller / heater is controlled from the central control panel 5 in consideration of the load of the indoor unit. The algorithm for determining the number of operating absorption-type water heaters may be included in the number control panel.

FIG. 11 is an example of an algorithm for determining the number of operating absorption-type water heaters. The number of operation units is determined according to the graph of FIG. 11 according to the number of absorption type water heaters. When the indoor unit load factor Q is 0%, the number of operating absorption-type water heaters is one in consideration of the preliminary operation by the schedule timer.

Another example of the algorithm for determining the number of operating water absorption and cooling water heaters will be described. The number control panel 15 has a sensor for detecting the temperature of the cold / hot water collecting pipe 3D on the inlet side of the absorption type cold / hot water machine.

First, the central control panel 5 determines the number N of absorption chillers / heaters operated by the algorithm shown in FIG. 11 and instructs the number control panel 15 to operate the N units from the central control panel 5. put out. The number control panel 15 compares the number N of operation commands with the number N0 of absorption-type water heaters currently in operation. (1) When N = N0, the current operation state is continued. (2) When N> N0, the operating number of absorption chiller / heater is N0
To N. Switch to N-unit operation for a fixed time (T0
Minutes) After the elapse, the number of operating units is determined by another algorithm (not disclosed) based on the cold / hot water temperature of the cold / hot water collecting pipe on the inlet side of the cold / hot water unit regardless of the indoor unit load factor.

(3) When N <N0 The number of operating absorption-type water heaters is reduced from N0 to N. After a certain period of time (T0 minutes) after switching to N-unit operation, regardless of the indoor unit load factor,
The number of operating units is determined by another algorithm (not disclosed) based on the cold / hot water temperature of the cold / hot water collecting pipe on the inlet side of the absorption type cold / hot water machine.

(4) When the number of operating units is switched from N0 units to N units and the same number of operation commands comes from the central control panel 5 within T0 minutes, the timer for counting the time after switching the number of operating units is not cleared. , And continue counting.

The sensor for detecting the temperature of the hot / cold water collecting pipe of the absorption type hot / cold water machine may be provided in the cold / hot water collecting pipe 3E on the outlet side of the absorption type hot / cold hot water machine. By determining the number of operating absorption chiller / water heaters in consideration of the above-described indoor unit load factor, the number of operating absorption chiller / heater can be determined by directly reflecting the increase or decrease in the load of the indoor unit. In addition, the fluctuation range of the outlet temperature of the hot / cold water of the absorption chiller / heater can be reduced to achieve the comfort of indoor air conditioning, and the energy saving of the absorption chiller / heater can be achieved.

Next, the dehumidifying operation will be described. The centralized control panel 5 receives signals of the temperature and humidity of the room from the temperature / humidity sensor 11 in the room where the centralized control panel 5 is installed via the communication means 14 and calculates the relative humidity RH of the room. In addition, the temperature and humidity sensor 11 may be installed inside the centralized control panel 5. Further, the centralized control panel 5 is installed in a room to be air-conditioned. Indoor humidity RH in cooling operation mode
Becomes larger than the preset value RH1, the centralized control panel 5 sends the set temperature at the outlet of the absorption type chiller / heater to the chiller / heater through the number control panel 15 to the normal cooling. Lower than the operation, for example, in FIG.
When 7 ° C. and t2 = 9 ° C., a command to change t1 to 5 ° C. and t2 to 7 ° C. is issued. At the same time, the centralized control panel 5 issues a command to the indoor unit controller 6 to reduce the rotation speed of the indoor unit fan 2A. As a result, the temperature of the air cooled in the indoor unit is reduced, and moisture in the air is condensed on the surface of the heat exchange coil 2B inside the indoor unit and removed, and the indoor is dehumidified, thereby providing indoor comfort. There are advantages. When the relative humidity RH becomes lower than a preset value RH2 (RH1 ≧ RH2), the centralized control panel 5 cancels the above-mentioned command to the water / water heater control panel 4 via the number control panel 15.

The central control panel 5 has a manual dehumidification switch. When the manual dehumidification switch is on, the centralized control panel 5 automatically issues the dehumidification command or the dehumidification cancellation command based on the signal of the temperature and humidity sensor 11. When the manual dehumidification switch is off, the centralized control panel 5 does not issue a dehumidification command regardless of the signal of the temperature / humidity sensor 11. When the manual dehumidification switch is turned off during the dehumidification operation, the centralized control panel 5 cancels the dehumidification command. When the temperature / humidity sensor 11 is not provided, when the circuit for receiving the signal from the temperature / humidity sensor 11 of the centralized control panel 5 is short-circuited, the centralized control panel 5 issues a dehumidification command when the manual dehumidification switch is on, and when the manual dehumidification switch is off. Cancel the dehumidification command.

Instead of installing the temperature / humidity sensor 11 in a room to be air-conditioned and sensing the temperature and humidity in the room, it is installed outdoors or in the middle of an outside air introduction port or outside air introduction duct of an air conditioner in a building. You may comprise so that the temperature and humidity of outside air may be sensed. At this time, the central control panel 5 issues a dehumidification operation command regardless of the temperature and humidity in the room to be air-conditioned. Even if the temperature and humidity of the outside air are in the above-described condition of the dehumidifying operation, when the indoor user does not need the dehumidifying operation, the user operates the indoor unit controller 6 to lower the rotation speed of the indoor unit fan 2A. If you change the number of rotations to medium or high, or set the room temperature lower than a predetermined value,
The centralized control panel 5 detects the operation by a signal from the indoor unit controller 6, and cancels the dehumidification command. The dehumidifying operation can also be canceled by turning off the manual dehumidifying switch.

Next, a description will be given of the operation of changing the setting of the chilled / hot water outlet temperature of the absorption chilled / hot water machine according to the outside air temperature.
The centralized control panel 5 receives a signal of the outside air temperature from the separately installed outside air temperature sensor 10 via the communication means 13. In the cooling operation mode, the outside air temperature T is set to a preset temperature T.
When the temperature is lower than 1, the centralized control panel 5 sends the pattern of the chilled / hot water outlet temperature setting of the absorption type chilled / hot water machine to the chilled / hot water machine control panel 4 via the number control board 15 as shown in FIG.
From "strong" to "medium" depending on the "medium""weak","medium"
To "weak", and "weak" issues a command to change it to "weak". Note that the pattern of the hot / cold water outlet temperature setting is previously selected by a manual switch of the central control panel 5, and an initial setting command is issued from the central control panel 5 to the cold / hot water control panel via the number control panel 15. .

The outside air temperature T is set to a preset temperature T2 (T2
If it is higher than ≧ T1), the centralized control panel 5 issues a command to the chilled / hot water machine control panel 4 via the number control panel 15 to restore the chilled / hot water outlet temperature setting. Thereby, when the outside air temperature is low in the cooling operation, the set temperature of the cold / hot water is automatically increased, and energy saving of the absorption-type hot / cold water heater can be achieved.

Next, the operation management function of the entire system of the centralized control panel 5 will be described. The central control panel 5 receives a signal indicating the operation / stop / failure state of each indoor unit from the indoor unit controller 6 via the communication means 8, and displays the signal on the display unit of the central control panel 5. In addition, the centralized control panel 5 controls the operation of the absorption type chiller / heater,
First, a signal indicating the failure state and the content of the failure is transmitted to the unit control panel 1.
After being collected in the central control panel 5, the information is received via the communication means 7A and displayed on the display unit of the central control panel 5. Furthermore, the central control panel 5
Has a manual operation function of manually issuing an operation / stop signal to the water / water heater control panel 4 and each indoor unit controller 6 via the number control panel 15. The central control panel 5 is provided with each indoor unit controller 6
Also, it has a schedule timer for sending an operation stop command for the absorption type water heater / heater and each indoor unit on a schedule preset in the unit control panel 15.

With the above functions, the central control panel 5 can manage the operation of the entire air conditioning system including the indoor units and the absorption type chiller / heater, thereby improving the management efficiency.

Next, a chiller / heater used in the system shown in FIGS. 3 and 10 will be described. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main body shell of an absorption type water heater. Evaporator 21 and absorber 22 arranged in parallel in one shell, and high-temperature regenerator 25 independently arranged in parallel with evaporator 21 and absorber 22
On the other hand, a condenser 23 and a low-temperature regenerator 24 are arranged in parallel above the evaporator 21 and the absorber 22. As a result, the refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator 25 heats the solution in the low-temperature regenerator 24 to generate refrigerant vapor, and the concentrated solution returns downward from the low-temperature regenerator 24. The concentrated solution is
It merges with the concentrated solution returned from the high temperature regenerator 25. The combined liquid is sprayed by the ejector 44 onto the spray tree 41 of the absorbing liquid.
When pushed up, the position head of the solution in the low-temperature regenerator 24 becomes large, and the solution is easily returned. Therefore, it is possible to prevent poor circulation of the solution, which tends to occur when the load is small.

Further, the partition plate 45 forming a wall for partitioning the evaporator 21 and the condenser 23 and the absorber 22 and the low-temperature regenerator 24 in the shell is bent into a U-shape, thereby condensing. It also doubles as a wall separating the unit 23 and the low-temperature regenerator 24. The inside of the low-temperature regenerator 24 is heated by the steam generated by the high-temperature regenerator 25 and is in an overheated state. If the wall separating the condenser 23 is a single plate, this wall is also excessively heated, and the refrigerant liquid cooled and condensed in the heat transfer tube portion 40 of the condenser touches the wall and evaporates again. Impedes the cooling effect of the condenser. The structure of the present invention solves the problem by providing a space between the plates by bending into a U-shape and forming a heat insulating wall, and also eliminates the evaporator 21 and the condenser 23 and the absorber 22 and the low-temperature regenerator. The number of parts is reduced by also serving as a plate material for partitioning 24.

FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of the absorption chiller / heater of the present invention. The embodiment shown in the drawing is different from the embodiment of FIG. 4 in the configuration of the bubble pump. Generally, as shown in FIG. 4, a bubble pump is a U-sealed pipe 36 which is a passage through which refrigerant vapor generated in a regenerator during heating flows from a condenser to an evaporator.
And a bubble pump that condenses the refrigerant vapor flowing into the evaporator into a refrigerant liquid in the evaporator, and transfers the refrigerant liquid accumulated at the bottom of the evaporator to the absorber along with the refrigerant vapor by the fluid force of the refrigerant vapor. The lift main pipe 29, a branch pipe between the U seal pipe 36 and the bubble pump lift main pipe 29, and a bubble pump suction pipe 48 for the bubble pump to suck the refrigerant liquid are provided.
In contrast, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the operation of transferring the refrigerant liquid to the absorber accompanying the refrigerant vapor is performed by the U seal pipe 36.
U-seal pipe 36 and bubble pump lift main pipe 29
As a result, simplification of the piping system and cost reduction can be realized.

Next, the control for igniting the burner during the cooling operation of the absorption chiller / heater of this embodiment will be described. As described above, for example, when the cold / hot water outlet temperature setting is “strong”, the burner is turned off at the cold water outlet temperature t1, and the burner starts the ignition operation at the cold water outlet temperature t2. Whether the burner is turned on or off is controlled by a chilled water outlet thermoswitch that is turned on and off according to the chilled water outlet temperature detected by the chilled water outlet temperature detecting means of the absorption chiller / heater.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the burner is extinguished (not burning), the chilled water outlet temperature rises and the temperature t2 increases.
Is reached, the chilled water outlet thermo switch is turned on, the burner starts an ignition operation, and the chilled water outlet thermo switch ignites after being pre-purged for a time T0 after being turned on. The cooling water pump, the refrigerant pump and the solution pump are operated for dilution for a certain period of time even after the chilled water outlet thermoswitch is turned off and the burner is extinguished, and then stopped. After the dilution operation is completed, when the cold water outlet thermo switch is turned on and the burner starts pre-purge, the cooling water pump, the refrigerant pump, and the solution pump are simultaneously started. If the cold water outlet thermo switch is turned on and the burner starts pre-purge before the dilution operation is completed, the cooling water pump, the refrigerant pump, and the solution pump are continuously operated.

The set value of the chilled water outlet thermoswitch is determined by the time T1 (T1> T1) after the chilled water outlet thermoswitch is turned on.
0) After elapse, the temperature shifts to a higher temperature for a time T2, and turns off at the cold water outlet temperature t2 and turns on at the cold water outlet temperature t3.
After the elapse of the time T2, the set value of the cold water outlet thermoswitch returns to the original value. When at least the chilled water outlet thermo switch is turned on and the burner starts pre-purge, the chilled water pump,
Since the refrigerant pump and the solution pump are operated, the absorption capacity of the absorption chiller / heater is determined according to the operating state of the absorption chiller / heater up to that point, even if the burner is not ignited. Occurs.

When the load of the absorption chiller / heater is large, this cooling capacity does not reduce the once raised chilled water temperature to the temperature t2 again. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, the burner is connected to the chilled water outlet thermoswitch. Regardless of the shift of the set value to a higher temperature during the time T2, ignition (combustion state) and fire extinguishing (combustion state) are performed between the chilled water outlet temperature t1 and the chilled water outlet temperature t2 according to the chilled water outlet temperature. Is not performed).

When the load of the absorption chiller / heater is small, the burner starts prepurge and the cooling water pump, the refrigerant pump and the solution pump are operated to generate a cooling capacity in the absorption chiller / heater, as shown in FIG. As described above, the temperature of the chilled water once increased to the temperature t2 or more decreases to the temperature t2 or less during the elapsed time (T1 + T2). When time T1 elapses, time T2
During this time, the set value of the chilled water outlet thermoswitch shifts and turns off at the chilled water outlet temperature t2 and turns on at the chilled water outlet temperature t3, so that the chilled water outlet thermoswitch is turned off and the burner once ignited immediately extinguishes the fire. . Even if the burner is extinguished, the cooling water pump, the refrigerant pump and the solution pump perform a dilution operation for a certain period of time, and a cooling capacity corresponding to the concentration of the solution in the absorber is generated in the absorption chiller / heater to cool the chilled water.

When the cold water outlet temperature rises again, the same operation is repeated. If the cooling water pump, refrigerant pump, and solution pump are operating without the burner igniting, the solution concentration in the absorber will eventually decrease, and cooling capacity will not be generated, and the set value of the chilled water outlet thermoswitch will be shifted. However, the cold water outlet thermoswitch does not turn off and the burner continues to ignite.

As described above, according to the control for performing the burner ignition operation of the present invention, when the load is small during cooling, the residual cooling capacity of the absorption chiller / heater stored as the concentration of the solution in the absorber when the load is small. The cooling operation can be performed almost without burning the burner until the residual cooling capacity is used up, thereby saving energy.

[0068]

According to the present invention, a plurality of absorption chiller / heater units and a plurality of indoor units having water / air heat exchange means are connected by a chiller / warmer system, and heat exchange with chiller / hot water from the chiller / warm water system is performed. The exhausted air was discharged into each room, thus realizing a multi-type absorption air conditioning system.

Further, according to the present invention, an absorption chiller / heater,
Connect the indoor unit with water-air heat exchange means with a cold and hot water system,
The following effects are achieved by automatically operating the absorption chiller / heater, the chiller / heater circulating pump, and the like based on the operation signal from the controller of the indoor unit. (A) Since the indoor unit and the absorption chiller / heater are operated immediately in response to a request for air conditioning on the indoor side, there is no need to run around the building to turn on the operation switch. (B) Since the cooling / heating operation can be switched by the cooling / heating switching switch of the centralized control panel, in order to switch the operation mode of the absorption chiller / heater, it is necessary to go to the installation location of the absorption chiller / heater to switch the cooling / heating water. There is no need, and it is convenient. (C) Since the capacity control and the number control of the chiller / heater are performed in consideration of the load on the indoor side, the comfort of the air conditioning and the energy saving of the chiller / heater are achieved. (D) The centralized control panel can unify the operation management of the indoor unit and the absorption chiller / heater, thereby improving management efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a shell of an embodiment of an absorption-type water heater / heater of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the entire system according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing one embodiment of a system according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing one embodiment of an absorption type water cooler / heater of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a burner position.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of burner control (cooling).

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of burner control (heating).

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of burner control (cooling).

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of burner control (heating).

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the system according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an algorithm for determining the number of operating absorption-type water heaters.

FIG. 12 is a view showing another embodiment of the absorption-type hot / cold water heater of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of control during the burner ignition operation of the water heater / heater (large load).

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of control during a burner ignition operation of the water heater / heater (light load).

[Explanation of symbols]

1. Absorption chiller / heater, 2: Indoor unit, 2A: fan, 2B
... heat exchange coil, 2C ... electric valve, 3 ... cold and hot water piping, 3A
... Main pipeline, 3B ... Sub pipeline, 3C ... Branch pipe, 3D ... Cool and hot water collecting pipe, 3E ... Cool and hot water collecting pipe, 4 ... Cooling and hot water machine control panel, 5
... Centralized control panel, 6 ... Indoor unit controller, 7 ... Communication means, 7A ... Communication means, 8 ... Communication means, 9 ... Central control panel,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Outside temperature sensor, 11 ... Temperature / humidity sensor, 12 ... Communication means, 13 ... Communication means, 14 ... Communication means, 15 ... Number control panel, 16 ... Communication means, 17 ... Cold / hot water bypass valve, 2
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Evaporator, 22 ... Absorber, 23 ... Condenser, 24 ... Low temperature regenerator, 25 ... High temperature regenerator, 26 ... Burner, 27 ... Refrigerant pump, 28 ... Solution pump, 29 ... Bubble pump lift main pipe, 30 ... Refrigerant blow valve, 31 refrigerant tank, 32 refrigerant blow pipe, 33 separator, 34 low temperature solution heat exchange, 35 high temperature solution heat exchange, 36 U seal tube, 37 evaporator heat transfer tube, 38 absorption Heat transfer tube section, 39: Low temperature regenerator heat transfer tube section, 40: Condenser heat transfer tube section, 41: Absorber spray tree, 42 ... Evaporator spray tree, 43 ... Refrigerant liquid return pipe, 44 ... Ejector, 45 ... Partition Board, 46 ...
Float valve, 47: refrigerant pump discharge pipe, 48: bubble pump suction pipe, 101: air conditioner remote operation control panel, 1
02: Remote control panel, 103: AHU operation switch, 10
4: cold / hot air duct, 105: cold / hot water main pipe, 106:
Cold and hot water branch pipe, AHU: air conditioner, FC: fan coil unit, CT: cooling tower.

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Michihiko Aizawa 603, Kandate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Pref.Hitachi, Ltd. 56) References JP-A-61-22145 (JP, A) JP-A-60-33464 (JP, A) JP-A 64-10047 (JP, A) JP-A-5-60368 (JP, A) (58) ) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 15/00 306 F24F 11/02 F24F 11/02 102

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] A dilute solution diluted with a refrigerant is heated by a regenerator to generate refrigerant vapor, and during cooling, the refrigerant vapor is cooled and condensed by cooling means and then evaporated by an evaporator to cool circulating water. During heating, the circulating water is heated by the refrigerant vapor in the evaporator to warm water, and the refrigerant after cooling or heating the circulating water in the evaporator is absorbed or mixed in the absorber into the concentrated solution generated when the refrigerant vapor is generated by the absorber. A plurality of absorption chillers and hot water heaters, which are returned to the regenerator after being made into a dilute solution, and a circulation water system for guiding circulating water cooled or heated by the plurality of absorption chiller / heaters, and a circulation water system. In a multi-type absorption air conditioning system including a plurality of indoor units having heat exchange means for exchanging heat between circulating water and air, an indoor unit controller controlling one or a plurality of the indoor units, and A centralized control panel that communicates with a plurality of indoor unit controllers by communication means, and a number control for instructing the operation or stop of each of the plurality of absorption chiller / water heaters between the plurality of absorption chiller / water heaters and the centralized control panel A multi-type absorption type air conditioning system characterized by having a panel. 2. The multi-type absorption air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said centralized control panel and said unit number control panel holds an algorithm for determining the number of operating units. 3. The heat exchange capacity of each indoor unit is previously registered in the central control panel, and the algorithm determines the load factor of the indoor unit from the number of operating indoor units and the registered heat exchange capacity. 3. The multi-type absorption air-conditioning system according to claim 2, wherein the number of operated units is calculated from the load factor. 4. The multi-type absorption air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the absorption chiller / heater has a chiller / heater control panel for controlling the operation of the absorption chiller / heater. 5. The multi-type control system according to claim 1, wherein said centralized control panel has a schedule means for instructing operation or stoppage of the water heater / heater on a preset schedule. Absorption air conditioning system.