JP3175964B2 - Water environment improvement method and water environment improvement paint - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for improving the environment of a water area and a method for improving the water quality by applying the material to a material such as a concrete block for revetment.
On the aquatic environment improvement for the paint to be.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, environmental destruction is progressing due to various causes on a global scale, and this is no exception in water systems. For example, in sea areas, fish and shellfish are drastically reduced due to pollution in coastal areas, particularly in harbor areas, and eutrophication is progressing in rivers and lakes. In order to solve this problem, artificial reefs are currently being introduced in the sea area, but since these artificial reefs are generally made of concrete, if they are left in seawater, calcium hydroxide ( Alkaline components in concrete such as Ca (OH) ₂ ) elute and the pH of the surroundings rises, making it difficult for algae to adhere to the artificial reef and making it difficult for fish and shellfish to feed on algae. There is a danger that the area around the artificial reef will turn into a sea of death.

[0003] Further, in a place where a concrete revetment or riverbed is provided in a river or a lake, as in the case of the above sea area, the alkaline component in the concrete elutes into water, and algae are deposited on the revetment or riverbed. adhesion hardly takes purification action of absorption, etc. of heavy metals by algae is prevented, rivers and pollution of the water quality of lakes and the like has become a major factor to proceed as a result.

[0004] In order to prevent environmental destruction due to elution of alkali components in concrete such as artificial reefs and seawalls, a method of coating the concrete surface with an epoxy resin or a method further including ferrous hydroxide is adopted. Have been. However, this method has the disadvantage that the growth of algae is slow because the concrete surface is not biologically activated. In addition, a method of coating natural resin such as shell powder and oyster powder in a resin or the like for the purpose of biological activation has been attempted, but no satisfactory results have been obtained.

Further, thinned wood and wood used as a raw wood for cultivation of basidiomycetes such as shiitake mushrooms tend to be left as they are. However, a method of actively using such thinned wood should be considered.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention, by reforming the surface of the object in the hydrosphere, and promoting the growth is deposited on the object to algae in a short period of time, the action of such algae depending <br/> to, to provide a coating of aquatic environments improved methods and therefore to allow a more rapid fish breeding shellfish and purifying water quality.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of diligent studies on the above problems, the present inventor has found that nutrients contained in paints are not suitable.
Activated by the secretion of phototrophic bacteria
It has been found that the above problem can be solved by paying attention to the growth promoting action . That is, the present application provides the following (1) to (3)
Are provided.

(1) Phototrophic bacteria and nutrition of the phototrophic bacteria
Water-based environment-improving paint containing
Applied to the object, activated by the nutrients
Promotes the growth of algae attached to the object by phototrophic bacteria
A method of improving the water environment, which is characterized by the following: (2) a phototrophic bacterium, a carrier for the phototrophic bacterium, and the phototrophic bacterium
Water environment improvement characterized by containing bacterial nutrients
Good use paint. (3) The phototrophic bacteria and the nutrient components are mixed during painting.
(2) The paint for improving water environment .

Hereinafter, the inventions (1) to (3) will be described in detail. An optical bacteria that need for Te present invention odor is first generally photosynthetic bacteria (Photosynthetic bacteria)
This refers to bacteria called "Bergey's
Manual of Determinative Bacteriology 8th edition
(1974), according to the classification established in
rophic bacteria).

[0010] Among such phototrophic bacteria, the type used in the present invention is not particularly limited. That is, any of Rhodospirilliaceae including Rhodospirillum, Rhodopseudomonas, and Rhodomicrobium; Chromatiaceae including chromatium; Chlorobiaceae including Chlorbium can be used. As the phototrophic bacteria used, not only one kind but also a mixture of various kinds of phototrophic bacteria can be used.

[0011] The above-mentioned light nutrition bacteria, to it is also possible to use a commercially available product, method of public knowledge [Tatsuji Kobayashi, soil microbial experimental method (soil microorganisms Research Society), pp.207~212 (1977), M .kob
ayashi and S.kurata, Process Biochemistry, vol.13,
pp27-30 (1978), Carr, NG, Methods in microbiolog
y, vol.3B, pp.53 (1969), Pfennig, N.Annu.Rev.Microb
iol, vol.21, pp.285 (1967), Van Niel, CB, Methods
in Enyymology, vol.23, pp.3 (1971), Whittenbury,
R., Isolation of Anaerobes, No. 5, 241 (1971)].
In particular, since phototrophic bacteria are abundant in wastewater such as wastewater for treating manure, it is preferable to separate from such wastewater from the viewpoint of economy and environmental conservation.

[0012] Phototrophic bacteria deposited at various depository institutions can be used as long as they are available. Specifically, Rhodospirl deposited at the Institute of Microbial Industry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology as Microbiological Laboratory No. 878 (FERM P-878)
lum rubrum, also Rhodopseudomonas capsulatus (FE
RM P-879), also Chromatium vinosum (FERM P-89)
0) etc. can be used.

The phototrophic bacterium is preferably added to a carrier described later at a ratio of about 1 to 100 to 1000 by volume. In order to fix phototrophic bacteria, a carrier needs to be added to the coating composition of the present invention for improving aquatic environment. As a carrier, the immobilization rate of phototrophic bacteria is high,
Porous particles are preferred, more specifically perlite,
Vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, activated carbon, porous ceramics and the like are preferable. In addition to the porous particles, a polyvinyl tube filled with a carrier containing immobilized phototrophic bacteria, or a hydrogel such as sodium alginate and / or calcium alginate Carriers can also be used as preferred carriers.

Such a carrier is preferably added in an amount of about 1 to 1,000 parts by weight, preferably about 10 to 300 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of a binder described later. If the amount of the carrier is smaller than this, the growth density of the phototrophic bacteria is low, and if it is too large, the strength of the coating film of the present invention decreases.
It should be noted that the activity of the phototrophic bacterium itself is scarcely observed only by including the carrier and the phototrophic bacterium in the paint, and the desired effect by adding the phototrophic bacterium as a water purification component is unlikely to appear. Therefore, it is necessary to include the nutrient component of the phototrophic bacterium in the paint for improving aquatic environment.
Examples of such nutrients include known components that are usually added to the culture medium when culturing phototrophic bacteria, such as lower fatty acids. It is possible and preferred to use it as a growth environment for components and phototrophic bacteria. The amount of the nutrient added to the paint for improving the aquatic environment of the present invention is appropriately determined according to the type of the nutrient used. For example, when using Kuroboku, the binder 100 described later
It is 1 to 1000 parts by weight based on parts by weight.

It is necessary that the phototrophic bacterium, the carrier, and the binder for converting the nutritional components of the phototrophic bacterium into a paint are contained in the paint for improving the environment of the water area of the present invention. Such a binder is not particularly limited as long as it can form a water-resistant coating film by drying or chemical crosslinking and curing, such as an acrylic emulsion, a urethane emulsion, or an epoxy resin usually used as a binder. Can be. However, workability, performance,
In view of the cost and the cost, an acrylic emulsion can be preferably used.

Furthermore, photosynthetic bacteria in a binder, a carrier, and in addition to the nutritional components of the photosynthetic bacteria, without waiting for the natural epiphytic of algae of the present invention coating the coating artificial construct, early prosthetic construct In order to settle on
It can be added spores and / or quiescent cells of algae. Type of algae, as used herein, it is selected in accordance with the artificial construct using environment or the like is fresh water or for example sea water, and is not particularly limited insofar. More specifically, green algae, including the family Mothaceae represented by the genus Aonori, and the genus Ochcystaceae represented by the genus Chlorella; the Myrtaceae represented by the pine spruce; the mothaceae represented by the mop; Family,
Representative Asakusanori, the Porphyra yezoensis like; Laminaria japonica, Tororokonbu, Eisenia, kelp family typified beforehand like, Ainu seaweed family represented by seaweed genus, hijiki, brown algae containing Honda straw family typified by such akamoku It can be widely used, such as red alga including the scrophulariaceae, the sorghum family represented by the mafnori, the myrin family typified by the saccharomyces, the fir tree family typified by the macri, the scrophulariaceae typified by the ogonori etc. it can. Furthermore, the amount of these spores or zoospores to be added can be freely selected as far as possible in view of their properties, depending on the type of the spores and the like and the intended growth amount.

[0017] In application to the present invention aquatic environment for improving coating, it is necessary to diffuse the spores and / or quiescent cells of the algae contained in the binder. Such spores and / or quiescent cell bodies may be collected and used in the natural world, or commercially available products. The paint for improving the water environment of the present invention can be prepared by blending the phototrophic bacteria, carriers, nutrients, and, if necessary, spores and the like into a binder.

When the paint of the present invention is used immediately after preparation, the above components can be mixed and used as a liquid having a viscosity suitable for coating. For example, after mixing water containing a phototrophic bacterium with a carrier, spores, etc., and an aqueous solution or powder containing a nutrient component, a liquid acrylic emulsion is added little by little while stirring, and the mixture is used as it is as the paint of the present invention. Can be. Incidentally, in this case, if thickening is required depending on the specific method of painting, thickeners publicly known, can also be added such as polyvinyl alcohol or carboxymethyl cellulose.

On the other hand, when it is necessary to store the phototrophic bacterium and its nutrient components in the presence of water for a considerable period of time after the preparation, the nutrient components are consumed by the phototrophic bacteria. It is necessary to separate the vegetative bacteria and other components in advance, and it is preferable to mix them at the time of painting. Also, spores and the like need to be stored in a state suitable for their survival.
It is not preferable to coexist for 4 hours or more, and it is preferable to mix them at the time of coating similarly to the phototrophic bacteria.

The carrier and the nutritional component can be stored for a long period of time even if they are previously blended in, for example, an acrylic emulsion. Further, in addition to the above-mentioned components, a porous organic substance such as sawdust, park waste and the like, and a dispersant can be added to the paint for improving an environment of aquatic environment according to the present invention. It is possible to produce a material for improving the water environment by applying or spraying the paint for improving the water environment according to the present invention obtained as described above to the surface of the object that comes into contact with the water.

[0021] In this case, the hydrosphere and refers to a part that is covered with water on the surface of the earth, is intended to include the sea, rivers, lakes and the like. In addition, the object that comes into contact with the hydrosphere includes, for example, materials such as tetrapods used for seawalls and wave-dissipation, artificial structures such as materials used for artificial fish reefs, and rocks, gravel, shiitake mushrooms, etc. existing in the natural world. to the oak used as wood for the cultivation of Basidiomycetes, oak, it intended to broadly include wood or thinnings such beech like.

The above-mentioned materials of the paint for improving the environment of aquatic environment according to the present invention
As a method of coating or spraying , a brushing method, a roller method, a spray method, or the like can be used depending on the type, shape, and quantity of the target material. The number of times of application to the material can be one, but it is preferable to perform the application two or three times in terms of shortening the drying time and increasing the strength of the coating film. In other words, if a thick coating is applied at one time, it is difficult to dry, and the resulting film tends to be brittle. Conversely, if it is too thin, the effect of preventing alkali leaching of concrete and the biological activation of the surface tend to be poor. As the thickness of the later coating
It is preferably about 30 to 500 μm, and more preferably about 50 to 150 μm. Further, it is preferable to wash and dry the surface of the material before coating, in order to prevent coating defects such as peeling. Incidentally, such a cleaning and drying can be performed by a method publicly known.

The water environment improving material thus produced is constructed in a desired form in a water area intended to improve the environment of the water area. The timing of the construction work in water is based on the alga that is intended to grow on the material for improving the water environment of the present invention.
Depends on the type of species . For example, when constructing and installing the material for improving the water environment of the present invention in the sea in an attempt to grow a specific seaweed, it is preferable to construct and install in winter in consideration of the release time of the zoospores of the seaweed. .

By the way, by including a light bacteria as water purification components, the growth on materials of algae is promoted, vitamin B ₁₂ light bacterium itself secretion, amino acids, nucleic acids, and the like is It believed to be to provide a very positive effect on the growth of such algae. Furthermore, it is also considered that the pH lowering action of the phototrophic bacteria generally has an action of neutralizing an alkaline component leached from concrete material.

[0025]

The present invention will be described more specifically below with reference to examples.

[0026]

Example 1 Preparation of Paint for Improving Water Environment of the Present Invention (1) 250 kg of tap water was put into a mixing tank having an internal volume of 1 m ^{3 with} a stirring tank, and ³ kg of Poise 530 ( manufactured by Kao Corporation) was added as a dispersant thereto. In addition, 100 kg of unfired diatomaceous earth powder was added and dispersed little by little as a carrier. Next, the phototrophic bacterium Rhodopseu
Water 501 containing domonas capsulatus (this strain has been deposited at the Institute of Microbial Industry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology as Microorganisms No. 879 (FERM P-879)) and 10 kg of Kurobe are added and dispersed. , acrylic emulsion XA-3634A (manufactured by Toa paint Co., solid content 50%, p H5) portionwise, total 200kg
In addition, it was homogenized. In addition, 10% ammonia water
Caserose CMC (Shikoku Chemicals) as thickener with 300g
1.5 kg, and the mixture was further stirred and mixed for 30 minutes.
Then, this was filtered through an 80-mesh wire net to obtain 610 kg of a paint for improving aquatic environment according to the present invention.

[0027] Such analysis of paint, solid content: 35%, viscosity: 1050cps (25 ℃), was p H7 .5. (2) In this Example (1), together with the acrylic emulsion XA-3634A, the spores of Chlorella vulgaris, which is a green alga obtained by artificial culture, were added at 0.01% by weight based on the carrier.
In addition, a paint for improving the water environment of the present invention was prepared. (3) In Example (1) above, 0.01% by weight of Asasanori zoospores obtained by artificial cultivation together with the acrylic emulsion XA-3634A were added to the carrier to prepare a paint for improving the water environment of the present invention.

[0028]

[Example 2] Construction of a material for improving the water environment (1) The paint for improving the water environment according to the present invention obtained in Example 1 (1) was sprayed onto a concrete artificial fish reef which had been washed with dilute hydrochloric acid in advance and dried. The coating was applied to the surface, and this operation was repeated three times to use 300 g of the paint per 1 m ² of the surface area of the reef (about 90 μm in thickness). Then, the results of the attachment growth of the green algae, which are used as a control and are not coated with the paint and are not applied with the paint, and those of various types existing in nature were compared.

As a result, the treated group was observed with a magnifying glass, and after 5 weeks, 10 ⁷ to 10 ⁸ cells of green algae were observed per cm ² , but in the control group, attachment and growth were still observed. Did not. After one month, the surface area of the treated plot was covered with green algae, but nothing had settled on the surface of the control plot. (2) The paint for improving the water environment of the present invention obtained in Example 1 (2) was washed with dilute hydrochloric acid in advance and applied to the surface of a dried concrete artificial fish reef using a spray, and this operation was repeated three times. using paint surface area 1 m ² per 300g of repeating reef (thickness of about 90 [mu] m). Then the artificial reef is not the coating was applied was used as a control to compare the results of the settlement length with algae.

As a result, the treated group was observed with a magnifying glass, and after 3 weeks, 10 ⁸ cells of green algae were observed per 1 cm ² , but no adhesion was observed in the control group. . Furthermore, in the treated section after one month, the surface area was entirely covered with green algae, and it was observed that the surface layer was raised with green algae, but nothing had settled on the surface layer in the control section. . In addition, most of the green algae that settled were Ch
lorella vulgaris. (3) The paint for improving the aquatic environment of the present invention obtained in Example 1 (3) was previously washed with dilute hydrochloric acid, applied to the surface of a dried concrete artificial fish reef using a spray, and this operation was repeated three times. using paint surface area 1 m ² per 300g of repeating reef (thickness of about 90 [mu] m). Then, the results of the attached growth of algae were compared with those of an artificial reef to which the paint was not applied, which was used as a control.

The present example was started in the winter season, which is the release time of zoospores. In the control untreated plot, no growth of Asakusanori was observed at all, whereas in the treated plot, the artificial reef was not treated. It was observed that it had grown to about 15 cm over the entire surface layer.

[0032]

Effect of the Invention] The present invention, by reforming the surface of an object in contact with the hydrosphere, the algae can Rukoto short period adhered grown <br/> to the target object, such algae depending on the work,
More rapid fish purification of breeding and water quality of shellfish has become possible.

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C09D 5/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A phototrophic bacterium and a nutrient component of the phototrophic bacterium.
Water-based environment-improving paints containing
Honored by painting on elephants and being activated by the nutritional ingredients
Promotes the growth of algae attached to the object by cultivating bacteria
A water environment improvement method characterized by the following. 2. A phototrophic bacterium, a carrier of said phototrophic bacterium and a phototrophic bacterium.
Water containing nutrients of phototrophic bacteria
Paint for improving local environment. 3. The phototrophic bacterium and the nutrient component are coated.
The coating for improving aquatic environment according to claim 2, which is mixed at the time of mixing.
Fees.