JP3473903B2 - Paint for water environment improvement - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water area environment improving paint intended to improve water quality by applying it to a material such as a concrete block for seawall protection.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, environmental destruction is progressing on a global scale due to various causes, and water systems are no exception. For example, coastal areas, especially harbor areas, in sea areas have been drastically reduced in fish and shellfish, and eutrophication is progressing in rivers and lakes. In order to solve this problem, artificial fish reefs are currently being put into the sea.However, since the artificial fish reefs are mostly made of concrete, if they are left in seawater, calcium hydroxide ( Alkali components in concrete such as Ca (OH) 2) elute and the pH in the vicinity rises, making it difficult for algae to attach to the artificial fish reef, making it difficult to breed fish and shellfish that feed on algae. There is a danger that the area around the artificial reef will become a dead sea.

In rivers and lakes where concrete revetments and river beds are provided, the alkaline components in the concrete are eluted into water as in the case of the above-mentioned sea areas, and algae and the like repel the revetments and rivers. It is difficult to adhere to the riverbed, and the purification action such as absorption of heavy metals by such algae is hindered,
As a result, pollution of water quality in rivers, lakes and marshes is a major cause of progress.

For the purpose of preventing environmental destruction due to elution of alkaline components in concrete such as artificial fish reefs and revetments, a method of coating the concrete surface with an epoxy resin or a method of further coating with ferrous hydroxide is adopted. Has been done. However, in this method, since the surface of the concrete is not biologically activated, there is a drawback that the growth of algae is slow. In addition, a method of coating natural resin such as shell powder and oyster shell powder by mixing it with a resin or the like for the purpose of biological activation has been attempted, but it has not been sufficiently successful.

Further, although thinned wood and wood used as raw wood for cultivating basidiomycetes such as shiitake mushrooms are apt to be left unattended, a method for actively utilizing such thinned wood should be considered.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to modify the surface of an object in the hydrosphere so that algae adhere to the object in a short period of time so that the algae grow and the quality of water is purified by the action of the algae. And the provision of paint that enables the breeding of fish and shellfish.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of extensive studies on the above problems, the present inventor has noticed that phototrophic bacteria have a great effect in promoting the growth of algae. Then, it has been found that the above problem can be solved by growing algae on the surface of an object such as a concrete structure with the coating material containing the phototrophic bacteria. That is, the present application provides the inventions shown in the following (1) and (2).

(1) A paint for improving aquatic environment, which comprises phototrophic bacteria, a carrier, and Kuroboku as a nutrient component of the phototrophic bacteria. (2) A paint for improving aquatic environment, wherein the phototrophic bacterium and the nutrient component are mixed at the time of coating.

The inventions (1) and (2) will be described in detail below. First, in the present invention, a phototrophic bacterium capable of exerting its high water purification function by growing algae is generally a photosynthetic bacterium.
eria) refers to bacteria, and in addition to the algae growth promoting effect described above, it also has a water purification function. In this application, "Bergey's Manual of Determinative"
According to the classification established in "Bacteriology 8th edition (1974)", it is disclosed as phototrophic bacteria.

Among such phototrophic bacteria, the kind used in the present invention is not particularly limited. That is, any one of the Rhodospirillus lacieae including Rhodospirillum, Rhodopseudomonas, and Rhodomicrobium; the Chromatiiaceae including Chromium and the like, and the Chlorobiaceae including Chlorobium and the like can be used. The phototrophic bacterium used may be not only one type, but also a mixture of various types of phototrophic bacterium.

As the phototrophic bacterium, it is possible to use a commercially available product, and a generally known method [Tatsuharu Kobayashi, Soil Microbial Experimental Method (Soil Microbial Research Group), PP.207-212 (1977), M. .ko
bayashi and S.kurata, Process Biochemistry, vol.1
3, pp27-30 (1978), Carr, NG, Methods in microbiolo
gy, vol.3B, pp.53 (1969), Pfennig, N.Annu.Rev.Microb
iol, vol.21, pp.285 (1967), Van Niel, CB, Methods
in Enyymology, vol.23, pp.3 (1971), Whittenbury, R., I
solation of Anaerobes, No. 5, 241 (1971)], it is also possible to use those separated from the natural world. In particular, since phototrophic bacteria are abundant in waste liquids such as wastewater for treating manure, it is economical to separate them from such waste liquids.
It is also preferable from the viewpoint of environmental protection.

Phototrophic bacteria deposited in various depositary institutions can be used as long as they are available. Specifically, Rhodospirllu, which has been deposited at the Institute of Microbiology, Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, as Microindustry Research Institute No. 878 (FERM P-878)
m rubrum, also Rhodopseudomonas capsulatus (FERM
P-879), Chromatium vinosum (FERM P-890) and the like can also be used.

The phototrophic bacterium is preferably added to the carrier described later at a ratio of about 1 to 100 to 1000 by volume. The carrier is for fixing phototrophic bacteria,
It is necessary to add the present invention to the aquatic environment improving paint. As the carrier, from the viewpoint of high immobilization rate of phototrophic bacteria, porous particles are preferable, and more specifically, perlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, activated carbon, porous ceramics and the like are preferable, and other than the above-mentioned porous particles. A polyvinyl tube filled with a carrier containing immobilized phototrophic bacteria and a hydrogel carrier such as sodium alginate and / or calcium alginate can also be used as a preferable carrier.

The carrier is a binder 100 described later.
1 to 1000 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 10 parts by weight
It is preferable to add about 300 parts by weight. When the amount of the carrier added is less than this, the growth density of the phototrophic bacteria is low, and when it is too large, the strength of the coating film of the coating composition of the present invention decreases. It should be noted that the activity of the phototrophic bacteria is hardly seen by only including the carrier and the phototrophic bacteria in the paint, and the desired effect due to the addition of the phototrophic bacteria is difficult to appear. Therefore, it is necessary to include the nutrient component of the phototrophic bacterium in the coating material for improving aquatic environment of the present invention. As such a nutrient component, "Kuroboku" which is abundant in volcanic ash soil zones can be used as the nutrient component and a growth environment region for phototrophic bacteria, and is preferable. The addition amount is 1 to 100 parts by weight of the binder described below.
It is 1000 parts by weight.

The above phototrophic bacterium, the carrier, and the binder for converting the nutritional components of the phototrophic bacterium into a paint need to be contained in the aquatic environment improving paint of the present invention. The binder is not particularly limited as long as it can form a water-resistant coating film by drying or chemical cross-linking curing such as acrylic emulsion, urethane emulsion, or epoxy resin usually used as a binder. You can However, workability, performance,
Acrylic emulsions can be adopted as preferable ones in view of the cost and the price.

Furthermore, in addition to the photosynthetic bacteria in the binder, the carrier, and the nutritional components of the photosynthetic bacteria, the artificial construct coated with the coating material of the present invention can be promptly applied to the artificial construct without waiting for the algae to spontaneously grow. In order to settle,
Algae spores and / or quiescent cell bodies can be added. The type of algae used here is selected according to the environment in which the artificial construct is used, for example, seawater or fresh water, and is not particularly limited as long as it is. More specifically, green algae such as Anoaceae typified by the genus Aonori, Ochistischiaceae represented by the genus Chlorella, etc .; Nagamatsumochi represented by Matsumo, Mozuku represented by Mozu, Kayamonori represented by Habanori. Family,
Brown algae including kelpaceae represented by mackerel, trowel kelp, lame, squid, etc., Ainu seaweed family represented by Wakame genus, and Hondora family represented by Hijiki, Akamoku, etc .; It is possible to widely use the red algae including the family Fernaceae such as Mahunori and the like, the myrinaceae represented by Tosakanori and the like, the wisteria spider family such as Macri and the like, and the genus Ogonori such as Ogonori. Further, the addition amount of these spores or zoospores can be freely selected according to the kind of the spores or the like and the intended growth amount as far as possible due to their properties.

In applying the present invention to the coating material for improving aquatic environment, it is necessary to allow the algae spores and / or quiescent cell bodies to be contained in a binder and diffused therein. Such spores and / or quiescent cell bodies can be collected from natural sources and used as commercial products. The coating material for improving aquatic environment of the present invention can be prepared by blending the phototrophic bacterium, the carrier, and the nutrient component, and if necessary, spores and the like with a binder.

When the coating composition of the present invention is used immediately after preparation, the above components can be mixed and used as a liquid having a viscosity suitable for coating. For example, after mixing water containing phototrophic bacteria with a carrier, spores, etc., and an aqueous solution or powder containing nutrient components, a liquid acrylic emulsion is added little by little with stirring and homogenized to be used as it is as the coating composition of the present invention. You can In this case, if thickening is required depending on the specific coating method, a commonly known thickening agent such as polyvinyl alcohol or carboxymethyl cellulose may be added.

On the other hand, when the phototrophic bacteria and their nutritional components are allowed to coexist in the presence of water when they need to be stored for a considerable period of time after preparation, the nutrients are consumed by the phototrophic bacteria. The vegetative bacteria and other components need to be separated in advance, and it is preferable to mix them during coating. In addition, since spores, etc. must be stored in a state suitable for their survival, for example, 24
It is not preferable to coexist for a time or more, and it is preferable to mix them at the time of coating in the same manner as the phototrophic bacteria.

The carrier and nutritional components can be stored for a long period of time even if they are pre-blended in, for example, an acrylic emulsion. Furthermore, in addition to the above-mentioned components, a porous organic material such as saw dust and perforated dust and a dispersant can be added to the coating material for improving aquatic environment of the present invention. The aquatic environment improving material can be produced by applying or spraying the aquatic environment improving paint of the present invention obtained as described above onto the surface of an object that comes into contact with the hydrosphere.

Here, the hydrosphere means a portion of the earth's surface that is covered with water, and includes the sea, rivers, lakes and marshes. Objects that come into contact with the hydrosphere include, for example, materials such as tetrapots used for revetment and wave-dissipation, artificial structures such as materials used for artificial fish reefs, and rocks, gravel, and shiitake mushrooms that exist in the natural world. It broadly includes timber, such as Khunugi, Quercus, and Beech, which are used as raw trees for cultivating fungi, or thinned wood.

As a method for applying or spraying the above-mentioned material for the aquatic environment improving coating onto the above-mentioned material, a brush coating method, a roller method, a spray method or the like may be used depending on the type, shape and quantity of the target material. it can. It should be noted that the material can be applied once, but it is preferable to apply it twice or three times in order that the drying time can be shortened and the coating film strength can be increased. That is, if a thick coating is applied at one time, it tends to be difficult to dry and the formed film tends to become brittle. On the other hand, if it is too thin, the effect of preventing alkali leaching of concrete and biological activation of the surface tend to be poor. The thickness of the subsequent coating film is 30
˜500 μm, preferably about 50 to 150 μm. Further, it is preferable to wash and dry the surface of the material before coating in order to prevent coating defects such as peeling. In addition, such washing and drying can be performed by a generally known method.

The material for improving aquatic environment thus manufactured is constructed in a desired form in the aquatic area intended to improve the aquatic environment. The timing of construction work in water depends on the type of algae that is intended to grow on the material for improving aquatic environment of the present invention. For example, when the material for improving the aquatic environment of the present invention is constructed and installed in the sea with the intention of growing a specific seaweed, it is preferable to construct and install the material in the winter in consideration of the release time of the zoospores of the seaweed. .

By incorporating phototrophic bacteria in the coating film, the growth of algae on the material is promoted by vitamin B12, amino acids, nucleic acids, etc. secreted by phototrophic bacteria themselves. It is considered that this is because it has a very favorable effect on the growth of algae. Further, it is considered that the pH-lowering action of phototrophic bacteria generally has the action of neutralizing the alkaline component leached from the concrete material.

[0025]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Examples.

[0026]

Example 1 Preparation of coating material for improving aquatic environment of the present invention (1) 250 k of tap water in a mixing tank with an internal volume of 1 m3 with a stirring tank
g and add to this as a dispersant Poise 530 (made by Kao)
3 kg of diatomaceous earth powder as a carrier 100 k
g was added little by little and dispersed. Next, the phototrophic bacterium Rhodop
50 liters of water containing seudomonas capsulatus (this strain has been deposited at the Institute of Microbial Sciences, Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Microorganism Research Institute No. 879 (FERM P-879)), Kuroboku 10k
After adding g and dispersing, acrylic emulsion XA-3634A
(Toa Paint Co., Ltd., solid content 50%, pH 5) was added little by little to a total of 200 kg to homogenize. In addition to this,
Add 300 g of 10% ammonia water and 1.5 kg of Casserose CMC (manufactured by Shikoku Kasei) as a thickener, and add 30 more
Stir and mix for minutes. Then, this was filtered through a wire mesh of 80 mesh to obtain 610 kg of the coating material for improving the aquatic environment of the present invention.

The analytical value of the coating composition was as follows: solid content 35%, viscosity 1050 cps (25 ° C.), pH 7.5. (2) In the present Example (1), 0.01% by weight of spores of Chlorella vulgaris, which is a green alga obtained by artificial culture, was added to the carrier together with the acrylic emulsion XA-3634A to improve the water environment of the present invention. A coating material was prepared. (3) In the present Example (1), 0.01% by weight of zoospores of Asakusanori obtained by artificial culture together with the acrylic emulsion XA-3634A was added to the carrier to prepare a coating material for improving aquatic environment of the present invention. did.

[0028]

[Example 2] Construction of a material for improving aquatic environment (1) Using a spray on an artificial fish reef made of concrete, which was previously washed with dilute hydrochloric acid and dried with the coating for improving aquatic environment of the present invention obtained in Example 1 (1) The coating was applied to the surface, and this operation was repeated three times to use 300 g of the paint per 1 m ² of surface area of the fish reef (thickness: about 90 μm). Then, the artificial fish reef not coated with the paint used as a control was compared with the results of the adhesion growth of many green algae existing in nature.

As a result, when the treated area was observed with a magnifying glass, after 5 weeks, 107 to 108 cells of green alga per 1 cm 2 were observed, but in the control area, the attachment / proliferation was not yet observed. After one month, the surface area of the treated area was covered with green algae, but nothing was growing on the surface area of the control area. (2) The coating material for improving the aquatic environment of the present invention obtained in Example 1 (2) was washed with diluted hydrochloric acid in advance and applied to the surface of a dried concrete artificial fish reef using a spray, and this operation was repeated 3 times. Repeatedly, 300 g of paint was used per 1 m ² of surface area of fish reef (thickness: about 90 μm). Then, the results of the adhesion growth of algae were compared with the artificial fish reef which was not applied with the paint used as a control.

As a result, when the treated area was observed with a magnifying glass, after 3 weeks, 108 cells of green alga per cm 2 were observed, but in the control area, the adhesion was not yet observed. After one month, it was observed that the surface area was completely covered with green algae in the treated area, and the surface layer was swelled with green algae, but nothing was growing on the surface area of the control area. . Most of the green algae that had settled were Chlorella vulgaris. (3) The coating material for improving the aquatic environment of the present invention obtained in Example 1 (3) was previously washed with dilute hydrochloric acid and applied to the surface of a dried concrete artificial reef by using a spray, and this operation was repeated 3 times. Repeatedly, 300 g of paint was used per 1 m ² of surface area of fish reef (thickness: about 90 μm). Then, the results of the adhesion growth of algae were compared with the artificial fish reef which was not applied with the paint used as a control.

This example was started in the winter when zoospores are released. In the control untreated group, no growth of Asakusanori was observed at all, whereas in the treated group, no artificial fish reef was found. It was observed that the entire surface layer had grown to about 15 cm.

[0032]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the surface of an object that comes into contact with the hydrosphere is modified so that algae adhere to the object in a short period of time so that the algae grows. It has become possible to provide paints that bring about breeding.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI C09D 201/00 C09D 201/00 E02B 3/14 301 E02B 3/14 301 (56) Reference JP-A-5-252845 (JP, A) JP-A-5-247378 (JP, A) JP-A-3-111460 (JP, A) JP-A-57-177628 (JP, A) JP-A-63-129007 (JP, A) JP-A-51 −18609 (JP, A) Edited by Shinmura, edited by Kojien, Iwanami Shoten, 3rd edition, “Kuroboku” (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C09D 5/00-5/46 C09D 7/00-7/14

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A paint for improving aquatic environment, which comprises phototrophic bacteria, a carrier, and Kuroboku as a nutritional component of the phototrophic bacteria. 2. The aquatic environment improving paint according to claim 1, wherein the phototrophic bacteria and the nutritional components are mixed at the time of painting.