JP3158569U - Portable water turbine and small hydraulic power device incorporating the same - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To provide a portable water turbine that can be quickly installed and moved by simple small-scale construction for small rivers, etc., and can always obtain stable output without being affected by fluctuations in the water level of the water source. To do. Both ends of a rotary shaft 3 are attached between a pair of fixing bases 2 and 2 that can be installed on both banks across a narrow water flow S1, and a halfway corresponding to the water flow S1 of the rotary shaft 3 is attached. A plurality of buckets 45 are arranged at equiangular intervals on a concentric circle around the same rotation shaft 3 at appropriate positions, and a predetermined value on the concentric circle closer to the rotation shaft 3 than each bucket 45 around the same rotation shaft 3. A water turbine 4 in which a plurality of inertia weights 46 are arranged so as to balance each other is integrated at a position that is at an interval and at the center of each of the buckets 45, 45,. Gears 5 and 5 are integrated with the fixing bases 2 and 2, respectively. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

    This invention relates to a turbine that is effective for the use of natural energy, not to mention the field of manufacturing portable turbines that can be easily installed and moved to appropriate places such as narrow rivers, streams, and various waterways. From the field of providing, selling and providing equipment and instruments necessary for its transportation, storage, assembly and installation, materials necessary for such materials, machinery and parts, such as wood, stone, various fibers, Fields that provide plastics, various metal materials, etc., electronic components incorporated in them, control-related equipment that integrates them, fields of various measuring instruments, fields of power equipment that moves the equipment and instruments, and electric power used as energy In addition to the fields generally referred to as industrial machinery, such as the fields of electricity and oil, which are energy sources, and testing and researching these facilities and equipment, , Fields related to sales, imports and exports, generals, results of their use, facilities for making them, fields related to the collection and transportation of trash generated by the operation of equipment, and efficiency of trash There are no technical fields that are not related to the recycle fields that are reusable and new fields that cannot be envisaged at this time.

(Points of interest)
In recent years, there has been concern about the depletion of fossil fuels, and the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, which is considered to be one of the causes of global warming, has become a global issue, so that countries around the world will focus on the use of renewable energy. In general, the introduction of natural refrigerant heat pump water heaters and solar power generation systems has become widely used even at the citizen level. However, such conventional air water heaters and power generation facilities for ordinary houses are expensive. Stable power is still available at this time, such as those that require initial investment, or that an existing power supply system is required to start the heat pump, and power generation becomes impossible after sunset, rainy weather, snowfall, etc. In order to do so, it is necessary to connect to the power grid of the power company, and it is expensive in terms of cost effectiveness. Therefore, in Japan, where the average flow velocity of rivers descending from them is said to be faster than in other countries, the current situation where the effective use of small-scale hydroelectric power generation using these river waters should not be left unattended Think.

(Conventional technology)
Considering such a situation, for example, as represented by the one proposed in Patent Document 1 (1) below, a water wheel mounted on a gantry having wheels and a handle and to which a water supply / drain pipe can be connected, As can be seen in Patent Document 1 (2), a portable hydroelectric power generation device including a water wheel that can be easily installed over an agricultural waterway, and a flywheel as in Patent Document 1 (3). The use of a rotating wheel that can be provided to amplify the rotational force, and the one that can be used for power generation using a water flow branched from the main stream of the river, such as Patent Documents 1 (4) and (5), are sometimes seen. The

However, as shown in Patent Document 1 (1), a water turbine that is small in size and built in a casing is required to have a water pipe that can be connected to the water intake of the casing. There is a limitation, and, as in Patent Document 1 (2), the one that is installed directly over the main channel of the irrigation channel has the disadvantage that the raising and lowering operation of the water turbine must be performed according to the fluctuation of the water level in the irrigation channel. There is a wind power receiving portion formed at the tip of the flywheel, as represented by Patent Document 1 (3), and its main shaft is supported at one end, so that it can be used for a turbine as it is. In addition, it is difficult to obtain sufficient support strength, one end of the main shaft supported by the bearing has to take out natural energy, and it is difficult to obtain outputs of a plurality of systems. As shown in (4), water turbines are arranged in the ground directly under the river and river water is supplied through the sewage pipe, or a plurality of water guide pipes are used as in Patent Document 1 (5). Anything that can be installed and can supply river water from multiple directions will require advanced civil engineering work and large-scale piping work, and can be easily relocated and used according to the conditions of the water source. It had a fatal problem that it was difficult to do.
(1) JP-A-8-93624 (2) JP-A-2009-127447 (3) JP-A-2003-214321 (4) JP-A-2004-84586 (5) JP-A-2003-222067

(Awareness of problems)
As described above, the various portable water turbines that have been proposed so far have the disadvantage that they must be adjusted so that they can always be operated efficiently in response to fluctuations in the water level in a small river. In view of the fact that it is difficult to obtain output, and there is a fatal and unsolved problem that it is uneconomical when it is necessary to branch and use river water, which requires a lot of construction cost. Small, lightweight and easy to install safely, can be used not only for undeveloped and undistributed places such as mountain huts and villas, but also as an energy source in the distribution area such as for general housing. As a future energy measure that urgently requires the utilization of natural energy, the practical use of effective small water turbines that can be done is the same as solar and wind power, or even more than Japan's topography If you do not have to be required it can be said.

(Purpose of the idea)
Therefore, this device can be quickly installed and relocated by simple small-scale construction for small rivers, etc., and one unit can obtain two systems of rotating output, and is also affected by fluctuations in the water level of the water source. Therefore, we decided to develop a new turbine technology that can always obtain a stable output, and started its development and research very quickly. As a result of repeating the above, we have finally succeeded in realizing a portable water turbine with a new structure and a small hydraulic device with a new structure incorporating it. The configuration will be described in detail along with representative examples.

(Structure of the device)
As can be clearly understood from the embodiments representing the present invention shown in the drawings, the portable water turbine of the present invention basically has the following configuration.
In other words, between a pair of fixing bases that can be installed on both sides facing each other across the narrow-width water stream, it is horizontally mounted perpendicular to the narrow-water stream so as to be placed either directly above or just below the narrow-width water stream. Both ends of the possible rotating shaft are attached to the shafts via bearings, and a plurality of blades or buckets are arranged at equiangular intervals on a concentric circle around the rotating shaft in a midpoint corresponding to the water flow of the rotating shaft. At a predetermined interval on a concentric circle slightly closer to the rotation axis than each blade or bucket around the same rotation axis, and at a position that is the center of each blade plate or each bucket left and right width In addition to integrating the water turbines that balance the inertial weights of the rotating shafts, the gears for extracting the rotational force are concentrically integrated at appropriate positions between the water turbine of the rotating shaft and the pair of right and left fixing bases. This is a portable water turbine having a gist configuration.

(Related device)
In relation to the portable water wheel described above, the present invention also includes a small hydraulic device incorporating the same.
That is, the upper dam is arranged in the middle of the small river, the lower dam near the upper dam is slightly lower than the upper dam, and the lower dam is opened near the river bed and has a decompression port. And a lower weir to form a well weir, and a branch pipe is led out from a small river from the bottom of the well weir under the weir to discharge the narrow water flow of the branch pipe. In the present invention, the portable water turbine that forms the basis of the above is arranged, and a narrow water flow that has passed through the portable water turbine is installed with a water discharge channel that can guide the downstream of the main stream of the small river. It is a small hydraulic power device incorporating the above-described portable water turbine.

    As described above, according to the portable water wheel of this invention, unlike the conventional ones, it does not require large-scale construction, etc. from the unique characteristic configuration as described above, such as creeks and rivers, agricultural waterways, etc. It can be installed safely, easily and quickly, either directly or to a narrow water stream that is branched or guided from such a small river. In addition, it is possible to efficiently drive the water turbine to each stage even with a small amount of water by using a rotating shaft horizontally mounted between a pair of fixing bases and a plurality of inertia weights. The output range of the two systems is extracted from the left and right gears, and one output is used as the power source for various machines such as stone mills, saws, and pumps, and the other output is used for power generation. To be greatly spread It can, in particular, has a large feature that the one can be effectively used as a power source and a power source, such as for location of huts and various work hut does not reach the power supply from the power company.

    In addition, according to the small hydropower device incorporating the portable water turbine of the present invention, a well is provided in the middle of a small river, so that it is stable and narrow even from rivers with different river widths and water volumes. A wide water flow can be obtained, and even if the main stream of a small river increases, it is possible to reliably prevent the rollover and loss of a portable water turbine, and to obtain safer and more stable power without stopping for 24 hours The excellent effect of being able to do so can be demonstrated.

In implementing this device having the above-described configuration, the best or desirable mode will be described.
The fixing base can be horizontally mounted between both banks facing each other across a narrow water flow so that the rotation shaft can be horizontally mounted perpendicular to the water flow, and the turbine and gear integrated with the rotation shaft can be rotated freely. In addition to being able to be easily installed, it can also be easily transported and moved to other locations, and its installation surface shape is suitable for stable grounding and strong fixing Should be restricted to a weight that is easy to carry even for a small group of 1-2 people, as shown in the examples described later, made of reinforced concrete or steel frame It is desirable that bearings such as bearing metal and ball bearings are provided at appropriate places, and the anchors and flanges for steel piles are integrated around the bottom surface of the turbine wheel except for wrinkles. Can be That.

    The rotating shaft can be mounted horizontally and rotatably between a pair of anchoring stands arranged on both banks facing each other across the narrow water stream, and can be adapted to the narrow water stream. The turbine can be integrated at the right place, and the function of allowing the rotational force to be taken out from the gears connected to the right place between the water wheel and the pair of right and left fixing stands, respectively. It must be safe and sufficiently strong enough to be transmitted to each gear, and journal parts for bearings are formed on both ends, and key grooves are formed on the water wheel and each gear mounting part. Although desirable, it is also possible to form a welded connection or a bringe portion so that bolts and nuts can be connected.

    The water wheel receives a stream of narrow water flow and applies a rotational force to the rotation shaft. A plurality of blades or buckets are arranged at equiangular intervals on a concentric circle around the rotation shaft, and around the rotation shaft. A plurality of inertia weights must be arranged so as to balance each other at a predetermined interval on a concentric circle slightly closer to the rotation axis than each blade plate or each bucket, and has sufficient durability and safety. Rotation should be obtained, and it can be made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy excellent in rust prevention, and can be made of wood or synthetic resin.

    The inertia weight gives rotation stability and inertial force to a water wheel that rotates by receiving a narrow water flow, and is a concentric circle slightly closer to the rotation axis than each vane plate or bucket around the rotation axis. At each predetermined interval above, each blade plate or each bucket should be placed in the middle of the width of the left and right so as to be balanced with each other and integrated with sufficient strength, It is possible to make it detachable, and to change the rotation by replacing a different weight prepared in advance.

    The gears can take out the rotational force from appropriate positions between the turbine wheel of the rotating shaft and the pair of right and left fixing bases, and may be various gears and various sprockets based on general various industrial standards. In addition, it can be replaced with pulleys, belt wheels, etc., and should be capable of meshing or winding various driven gears, various chains, various belts, and the like.

    A well is a function that makes it possible to branch a stable narrow stream from a small river, stream, agricultural channel, ditches, or any other suitable location in the middle of a small river. A dam shall be provided, and a lower dam with a decompression port opened near the river bed, slightly lower than the upper dam, near the upper dam, shall be composed of the upper dam and the lower dam In addition, the upper and lower dams shall be installed between both sides of the small river, and as shown in the examples described later, it is made of concrete and can be used simply by being laid on the riverbed of the small river. It can be formed into a mold.

    The upper dam is designed to allow only the water near the surface of the small river to pass through to the downstream side, and when the small river increases, the upper dam must be able to easily get over the top of the upper dam and flow down. It is desirable that it is firmly installed so that it does not easily roll over or run away, and it should be easy to remove.

    The lower weir faces the dam on the downstream side of the upper dam, and forms a well with the upper dam, allowing the water near the surface of the river water that has flowed into the well to pass preferentially on the downstream side, A part of the water flow in the vicinity of the river bed that has flowed into the river is allowed to pass downstream, and the other part of the water flow in the vicinity of the river bed that has flowed into the well weir can be guided to the branch pipe When a small river is flooded, it should be able to easily get over the upper end of the lower dam, and, like the upper dam, it should be strong enough not to roll over or be washed away easily. Should be installed and should be easy to remove.

    The branch pipe branches a part of the river water from the lower weir of the well weir, guides it outside the main stream of the small river, and makes it possible to supply it as a narrow water flow toward the portable water turbine. It should be guided so that part of the water flow does not leak from the vicinity of the riverbed, and its middle part and discharge end should be piped lower than the bottom of the lower dam riverbed. Should also be able to generate strong water pressure such as water for digestion, and shall have a screen or net for dust removal installed immediately after the connection end to the lower dam or the discharge end toward the water wheel. Can do.

The spillway allows the narrow water flow that has passed through the water turbine to be guided downstream from the small river main stream, and is formed at a position lower than the narrow water flow released by rotating the water turbine. The downstream of the main stream should be able to be guided smoothly, and it should consist of small side grooves and piping pipes that are waterproof to prevent water leakage.
In the following, the structure thereof will be described in detail together with an embodiment representative of the present invention shown in the drawings.

    The example shown in the perspective view of the portable water turbine of FIG. 1, the side view of the gear of FIG. 2, the front view of the gear of FIG. 3, and the perspective view of the portable water turbine with some improvements in FIG. Both ends of the rotary shaft 3 are pivotally attached between a pair of fixing bases 2 and 2 which can be installed on both banks across the wide water flow S1, and the rotary shaft 3 is placed at a midpoint corresponding to the water flow S1 of the rotary shaft 3. A plurality of buckets 45 are arranged at equiangular intervals on three concentric circles, and at predetermined intervals on concentric circles closer to the rotation shaft 3 than the buckets 45, 45,... Each bucket 45, 45,... Is integrated with a water wheel 4 in which a plurality of inertia weights 46 are arranged so as to balance each other at the center of the left and right widths, and the water wheel 4 of the rotating shaft 3 and a pair of right and left fixing stands 2. 2, the gears 5 and 5 are integrated with each other. It shows the 施例.

    As can be clearly seen from these drawings, the portable water wheel 1 of the present invention is composed of a straight bar-shaped body having a predetermined length, and journal portions 31 and 31 are formed at both ends thereof, and the length of the straight bar-shaped body. There is a rotating shaft 3 formed by engraving a key groove (not shown) at the center position of the dimension and at an intermediate position between the center of the length and each journal portion 31, 31. A water wheel 4 is mounted concentrically at the center of the length, and a gear 5, which is sufficiently smaller than the outer diameter of the water wheel 4, is provided at each intermediate position between the center of the same length and each journal part 31, 31. 5 is mounted concentrically, a key (not shown) is inserted into each key groove, the water wheel 4 and the gears 5 and 5 are detachably integrated, and both end journal portions 31 and 31 of the rotary shaft 3 are integrated. The cross-sectional shape parallel to the axis of the rotary shaft 3 is a short horizontal dimension. Each of the pair of left and right fixing bases 2 made of reinforced concrete blocks has a trapezoidal shape, a cross-sectional shape that crosses the coaxial axis is a trapezoidal shape with a long horizontal dimension, and has a shape that can strengthen the fixing force in the rotational direction of the rotating shaft 3. The bearings 21 and 21 with built-in bearings fixed to the top surface are rotatably mounted on the bearings.

    As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the water wheel 4 has a shaft-attached tube portion 41 that can be attached to the center of the rotating shaft 3 through a keyway (not shown) so as not to rotate. A plurality of rectangular blades 42, 42,... Extend from the outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical portion 41 in the diameter direction at equal angular intervals (for example, 22.5 °), and the blades 42, 42,. Arc-band left and right side plates 43, 43 and a cylindrical bottom plate 44 are joined to each of the gaps, and a plurality of buckets 45, 45,... Are arranged over the entire circumference. In the blades 42, 42,..., The front and back surfaces of the four bottom plates 44, 44 that are separated from each other by an equiangular angle (for example, 90 °) are respectively positioned at the center of the left and right widths. The inertia weights 46 and 46 are fixed.

    As shown in FIG. 1, each of the gears 5 and 5 is a sprocket on which a chain can be wound, and when a narrow water flow S1 is received by the water wheel 4 as shown by the white arrow in FIG. It rotates as shown by a solid line arrow in FIG. 1, and as shown by a two-dot chain line arrow, it is assumed that rotational power can be taken out via a chain (not shown), and also shown in FIG. As described above, each of the fixing bases 2 and 2 can be integrally formed with flange portions 22 and 22 that can be fixed with bolts or iron piles at the bottom of the peripheral wall excluding the side wall facing the water turbine 4. .

(Operation of Example 1)
By incorporating the portable water turbine 1 of the present invention constructed as described above, as shown in the plan view of the small hydraulic device in FIG. 5 and the cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 5 of FIG. The small hydraulic power unit 6 included in the present invention can be obtained.
As shown in each of these figures, the small hydraulic power unit 6 is constructed by laying a reinforced concrete, open-bottomed bottomed well-shaped well weir 7 that matches the width of the river in the middle of the small river S. At the upper edge of the upper weir 71 to be arranged, an inflow weir port 72 having a predetermined central width range set slightly lower than the water surface of the small river S is formed downstream of the well weir 7. At the upper edge of the lower dam 73 in which the gutter is arranged, an outlet dam port 74 having a width slightly lower than the inflow dam port 72 of the upper dam 71 is formed at a position closer to either the left or right side. In the vicinity of the river bed in the middle of the left and right width of the dam 73, a cylindrical decompression port 75 is provided projecting and opening to the downstream side of the small river S, and the right and left of the lower dam 73 near the river bed are from either side. The branch pipe 8 is led out from the small river S, and the narrow water flow S1 of the branch pipe 8 is extracted. The discharge end 81, which can be discharged, is arranged with the portable water turbine 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 of the first embodiment and firmly fixed, and then the narrow water flow S1 passing through the portable water turbine 1 is fixed. In addition to installing a collecting basin 91 into which water flows in, a water discharge channel 9 capable of guiding the water stream S1 from the collecting basin 91 to the downstream side of the small river S main stream is installed.

(Effect of Example 1)
In addition to the features described in the section of the effect of the present invention, the portable water turbine 1 according to the first embodiment having the above-described configuration has flange portions 22, 2 on the fixing stands 2, 2, as shown in FIG. What formed 22 can implement | achieve the firm fixation more firmly using a volt | bolt nut, an iron pile (not shown), etc., as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. The small hydropower device 6 incorporating the single portable water turbine 1 has its well weir 7 made of reinforced concrete and has a top-open bottomed gutter-like shape, so it can be easily and stably fixed in the small river S. This is possible, and when it becomes unnecessary, the advantage that it can be easily removed is obtained.

    Since the inflow weir port 72 and the left and right of the upper end edge of the lower weir 73 are each formed with a narrow outflow weir port 74 at the center of the upper and lower edges of the upper weir 71 of the same weir 7, the well weir 7 7 can store a certain amount of river water, can always supply a stable flow of water S1 with a constant flow rate and a constant water pressure to the branch pipe 8, and the decompression port 75 has an excessive water pressure in the branch pipe 8. In addition to realizing a safe flowing water branch at each stage, the current collector 91 receives the narrow water flow S1 immediately after passing through the portable water turbine 1. Therefore, after the water flow is temporarily stopped and brought into a static pressure state, it is possible to smoothly pass through the water discharge channel 9 and to guide and discharge the downstream of the mainstream of the small river without any stagnation. Will be played.

(Conclusion)
As described above, the portable water wheel of the present invention and the small hydraulic power device incorporating the same can achieve the intended purpose, and can be easily manufactured. Compared to a portable water turbine, the number of parts can be greatly reduced, durability can be increased, and it can be made lighter, cheaper and much more economical. In addition, installation, relocation, and removal work in a small river are easy. However, it can be easily installed by anyone and is effective for high-efficiency power generation and rotational power extraction. Development and commercialization of prime movers, small generators, and household power sources In the generator industry, the home appliance industry, the housing industry, the electric power industry, etc. Spread It is expected to be one go.

The drawings show some typical embodiments embodying the technical idea of the portable water wheel of the present invention and the small hydraulic power device incorporating the portable water wheel.
It is a perspective view which shows a portable water wheel. It is a side view which shows a water wheel. It is a front view which shows a water wheel. It is a perspective view which shows the portable water turbine which added the improvement. It is a top view which shows a small hydraulic power unit. It is sectional drawing which shows the AA line part in FIG.

1 Portable water wheel 2 Fixing stand
21 Same bearing
22 Same flange part 3 Rotating shaft
31 Same Journal Department 4 Waterwheel
41 Coaxially mounted tube
42 Same slat
43 Same as on the left
44 Same bottom plate
45 Same bucket
46 Inertia weight 5 Gear 6 Small hydraulic device 7 Well
71 Same as above
72 Same inlet weir port
73 The lower dam
74 Same outflow dam
75 Pressure reducing port 8 Branch pipe
81 Same discharge end 9 Discharge channel
91 Same Condensate S Small River
S1 Same narrow water flow

Claims (2)

    Between a pair of fixing bases that can be installed on both sides facing each other across the narrow-width water stream, it can be horizontally mounted perpendicular to the stream so as to be placed either directly above or just below the narrow-width water stream. Both ends of the rotating shaft are attached to the shafts via bearings, and a plurality of blades or buckets are arranged at equiangular intervals on concentric circles around the rotating shaft at midpoints corresponding to the water flow of the rotating shaft. In addition, a plurality of inertias are arranged at predetermined intervals on a concentric circle slightly closer to the rotation axis than each vane plate or each bucket around the same rotation axis and at the center of each blade plate or each bucket left and right width. A turbine in which weights are arranged so as to be balanced with each other, and a gear for extracting rotational force is concentrically integrated at appropriate positions between the turbine wheel of the rotating shaft and a pair of right and left fixing bases. A portable water wheel characterized by that.     In the middle of the small river, an upper dam is arranged, and a lower dam near the upper dam is slightly lower than the upper dam, and a lower dam with a decompression port is opened near the river bed. The well weir is installed between the weir and the branch pipe is led out from the vicinity of the river bed of the lower weir under the well weir, and the discharge end of the branch pipe is attached to the side of the branch pipe. Furthermore, the small hydraulic apparatus incorporating the portable water turbine according to claim 1, wherein a water discharge path capable of guiding the water flow that has passed through the portable water turbine downstream of the main stream of the small river is installed.

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