JP3143327B2 - Hermetic rotary compressor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hermetic rotary compressor used in refrigerators and air conditioners, and more particularly to a permanent magnet type electric motor element which can be equipped with an improved oil separating plate having a high oil separating effect. And a closed type rotary compressor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a hermetic rotary compressor is a real rotary compressor.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 7519, refrigerant gas and mist-like oil (lubricating oil) compressed and discharged by a compression mechanism pass through a gap between a casing and a stator and an air gap between a stator and a rotor. The oil is separated from the compressor and the refrigerant gas is discharged out of the compressor.

If the refrigerant gas and the lubricating oil are not sufficiently separated in the hermetic rotary compressor in the compressor, the refrigerant gas contained in the lubricating oil flows into an external circuit, and the cooling efficiency decreases, and the compression efficiency decreases. Insufficient lubricating oil is stored in the machine casing, and the smooth operation of the compression section and the electric motor element that drives the compression section is lost, and sometimes the compressor burns out.

Therefore, a hermetic rotary compressor provided with an oil separating plate provided on the upper portion of the rotor and separating the lubricating oil from the refrigerant gas by the centrifugal action is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-21190. Has been proposed.

[0005]

In the hermetic rotary compressor disclosed in the above publication, the compression mechanism is driven by an induction motor having an aluminum die-cast rotor. The oil separation plate uses an end ring provided above the rotor core as a support component, and is fixed by caulking pins integrally protruding from the end ring.

In the case of the above-described induction motor, it is necessary to supply an exciting current to the stator winding of the stator in order to form a magnetic field for obtaining torque. For this reason, there is a loss due to the current, the efficiency is low, and the compressor has a large power consumption. Therefore, in recent years, hermetic rotary compressors having no excitation loss and using a synchronous motor using a permanent magnet as a drive source have been developed.

[0007] Even in a hermetic rotary compressor employing this permanent magnet type electric motor, the provision of the above-mentioned oil separation plate provides advantages such as improvement of cooling efficiency and a long life of the compressor. desirable.

However, the laminated iron core of the electric motor in which the permanent magnets are embedded has a structure in which the iron plate itself constituting the iron core is exposed above and below, and as a mounting member when the oil separation plate is mounted as in the former publication. It is very difficult to attach the oil separation plate to the rotor because it is different from the structure in which a member such as an end ring having a certain thickness and strength that can be used is provided.

In view of the above, the present invention proposes a modified mounting structure of an oil separating plate on the upper surface of a permanent magnet type rotor, and employs an improved oil separating plate having a high oil separating effect. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hermetic rotary compressor having a small number of points and a very good assemblability.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention, together with the inner bottom of the casing and an oil reservoir, the stator and laminated core while arranging the rotary compressor element at the bottom in the casing
An electric motor element comprising a rotor having a permanent magnet embedded therein is disposed at an upper part, and a gas refrigerant discharged from the rotary compressor element passes through the electric motor element and passes through a discharge port provided at an upper part of the casing to an external refrigeration circuit. In the hermetic rotary compressor discharged to the, a plurality of refrigerant passage holes vertically formed through the laminated iron core of the rotor to pass the gas refrigerant and mist-like oil, and an outlet of the refrigerant passage hole An oil separating plate made of a non-magnetic material radially provided with a plurality of spacers for forming an oil separating space between the oil separating plate and the upper surface of the rotor; And an insertion hole formed vertically in the laminated core so as to allow a fixing member for fixing the oil separation plate to the rotor to pass therethrough.

In the present invention, the oil separation space is preferably provided radially evenly, and the radial spacers are arranged such that the total opening area of the outer periphery of the oil separation space occupies at least half of the opening area of the entire circumference. A part is formed.

Further, in the present invention, the insertion hole is formed at a position where the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets is not disturbed.

Still further, in the present invention, the oil separating plate is provided with a partly thick portion and integrally provided with a balance weight.

Still further, according to the present invention, there is provided a laminated iron having upper and lower surfaces of the rotor having communication holes communicating with the coolant passage holes.
A circular end plate for closing a groove extending in the vertical direction of the heart is attached.

Still further, according to the present invention, the slot insulating paper inserted into the slot of the stator on which the stator winding is wound is projected so as not to block the opening on the outer periphery of the oil separation space. Things.

Still further, according to the present invention, the oil separating plate is formed with a shaft cylinder portion which connects the spacer portions at a root portion thereof and through which a drive shaft in which the rotor is shrink-fitted is formed. is there.

[0017]

An oil separation plate having a spacer portion radially provided on the lower surface is disposed on an upper surface of a laminated core of a rotor in which a permanent magnet is embedded, and a plurality of fixing members passing through the spacer portion and penetrating the laminated iron core are provided. The oil separator is easily and securely attached to the laminated core.

The spacer is formed radially between the upper surface of the laminated core and the upper surface of the laminated core, and is discharged from a compression mechanism into an oil separation space having an outer peripheral portion as an outlet, and a refrigerant gas mixed with lubricating oil passes through the laminated core. The refrigerant gas enters through the refrigerant passage hole, is centrifuged by the rotating oil separating plate, and only the refrigerant gas is discharged from the discharge pipe to the outside, and the oil is returned to the bottom in the casing.

The outlet of the oil separation space is evenly distributed over the entire circumference, whereby the refrigerant gas and the mist-like oil are uniformly dispersed and discharged, the flow velocity at the time of discharge is weakened, and the oil separation is reliably performed. As a result, sufficient oil can be secured in the compressor.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 is a hermetic rotary compressor 2 (hereinafter referred to as compressor 2).
), And includes a bottomed case 1a provided with two refrigerant gas suction pipes 3 at the lower part of the side surface and an upper lid case 1b provided with a refrigerant gas discharge pipe 4. 5 is housed in the lower part of the casing 1 and has an upper cylinder 6A and a lower cylinder 6A.
B is a rotary compression mechanism having a two-cylinder configuration and a circular cylinder chamber 7 in each of the cylinders 6A and 6B.
a, 7b, refrigerant gas suction passages 8a, 8b communicating with the cylinder chambers 7a, 7b, eccentric portions 9a, 9b inherent in the cylinder chambers 7a, 7b with a phase relationship of 180 °, and outer peripheries of the eccentric portions. Eccentric rollers 11a and 11b fitted to the outer peripheral portions of the portions 9a and 9b;
sliding cylinders 7a and 7b which are always in pressure contact with each other and partition the interior of the cylinder chambers 7a and 7b into a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber. As shown in FIG. 10, the eccentric portions 9a and 9b are provided integrally with a lower portion of a drive shaft 12 of an electric motor described later, and when the drive shaft 12 rotates, the eccentric rollers 11a and 11b
By eccentric rotation along the inner walls of a and 7b, the refrigerant gas is sucked and compressed, and discharged to the outside of the compression mechanism section 5. The upper cylinder 2A and the lower cylinder 2B are sandwiched between an upper frame 14a and a lower frame 14b provided with the shaft supports 13a and 13b of the drive shaft 12, and an upper cover 15a and a lower cover 15b.
At the same time, bolts 16 are tightened at a plurality of locations to be assembled. The upper cover 15a is provided with a discharge hole 17 for discharging the refrigerant gas and the mist-like oil. The space inside the casing 1 below the compression mechanism 2 is an oil reservoir 18 for lubricating oil.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a stator 22 on which a stator winding 21 is wound by a motor element housed in an upper portion of the casing 1,
This is a synchronous motor including a rotor 24 which is inserted inside the stator 22 with a delicate air gap 10 and has a permanent magnet therein.

The stator 22 has a stator core 25 formed by punching a silicon steel plate into a substantially annular shape and laminating thin iron plates provided with slots on the inner periphery thereof. As shown in FIG.
It is wound around the middle and outer circumferences in a layered manner and at a predetermined angle difference in the circumferential direction. Also, when press-fitted and fixed in the casing 1, the outer surface of the stator core 25 is fixed at a predetermined position so that a gap 19 through which the refrigerant gas and the mist-like oil pass is formed between the stator 22 and the inner surface of the casing 1. It is resected flat. In the center of the flat surface 26, the rotor 2
4 is provided with a groove 27 which is used as a positioning for magnetizing the magnetic material embedded in the magnet 4 to make it permanent magnet. Reference numeral 28 denotes the stator windings 21a, 21b, 21
4 shows a binding yarn that binds c together.

On the other hand, the rotor 24 also has a laminated iron core 30 made of a silicon steel plate as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a drive shaft insertion hole 31 at the center, and a projection 32 serving as a magnetic pole on the outer periphery. The protrusion 32 is formed so as to protrude in four directions so as to be separated from each other by a vertical groove 23 interposed therebetween.
It is formed in the shape consisting of A square hole 33 penetrating vertically is provided corresponding to each projection 32,
Refrigerant passage holes 34 penetrating vertically are formed corresponding to the respective vertical grooves 23. Reference numeral 29 denotes a permanent magnet formed by magnetizing a plate-shaped magnetic material to be inserted into each of the square holes 33 later.

The coolant passage hole 34 is provided in the laminated iron core 30.
This is formed at a position on the inner peripheral side to prevent disturbance of the flow of the magnetic flux lines concentrated at both ends of the permanent magnet 29. Further, the laminated core 30 has an oil separating plate 35 on its upper surface.
In order to attach and fix the fixing member, for example, the caulking pin 3
A plurality of insertion holes 37 for passing through 6 and the like are formed so as to be equally divided.

On the upper and lower surfaces of the laminated iron core 30, circular ends having holes 38a, 39a, 40a, 38b, 39b, and 40b corresponding to the drive shaft insertion hole 31, the refrigerant passage hole 34, and the insertion hole 37, respectively. Plates 41A and 41B are arranged,
The upper and lower openings of the vertical groove 23 are closed, so that the refrigerant gas and the mist-like oil are prevented from flowing into the vertical groove 23 and flow toward the refrigerant passage hole 34.

Numeral 35 denotes a disk-shaped oil separating plate which is mounted on the upper surface of the stator 24 via an upper circular end plate 41A, and is a magnetic passage formed of a non-magnetic material and passing through the laminated iron core 30. Not to disturb. As the constituent material, for example, a non-magnetic metal such as stainless steel (SUS304), brass, or bronze is used, and the metal is formed as a sintered product or a forged product. The oil separating plate 35 communicates with the upper outlet 34a of the refrigerant passage hole 34 between the lower surface of the disk portion 35a and the upper surface of the rotor 24, and the oil separating space 45 having the outer opening 44 as a passage outlet. A spacer portion 46 for radially uniform formation is integrally formed so as to protrude.

The spacers 46 serve as mounting feet when the oil separating plate 35 is mounted on the rotor 24. For this purpose, each of the spacers 46 has a through hole 47 for the caulking pin 36 formed therein. ing. A circular insertion hole 48 for the drive shaft 12 is formed at the center.

Now, circular end plates 41A and 41B are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the laminated iron core 30, an oil separating plate 35 is arranged above the circular end plate 41A, and the swaging pin 3 inserted from below is arranged.
The rotor 24 having the oil separating plate 35 is assembled by caulking the upper end 36a of the motor 6, and the rotor 24 is fitted to the drive shaft 12 by shrink fitting to assemble the electric motor 20. When the caulking pin 36 is also formed of a nonmagnetic metal and is made of the same material as the oil separating plate 35, both members extend at the same ratio when the rotor 24 is shrink-fitted because the linear expansion of the metal is the same. It is possible to prevent assembly displacement. Here, the compressor 2 is driven to continuously suck, compress and discharge the refrigerant gas in the upper cylinder 6A and the lower cylinder 6B, and the refrigerant gas is discharged together with the mist-like oil for lubricating the compression mechanism 5 into the discharge hole 17. As shown in the arrow of FIG. 1, a part of the gas passes through the gap 19 and the air gap 10, but more passes through the refrigerant passage hole 34 due to the presence of the end plates 41A and 41B provided above and below. And oil separation space 45
And is radially discharged from the outer peripheral portion outlet 44 of the oil separating plate 35 by centrifugal force, and is sprayed on the coil end 21E of the stator 22 to separate the refrigerant gas and the oil. Thereafter, only the separated refrigerant gas is discharged out of the compressor 1, while oil adhering to the coil end 21E travels through the stator winding and returns to the oil sump 18 at the bottom of the compressor.

In this case, the oil separation rate depends on the flow rate of the refrigerant gas and the mist oil passing through the oil separation space 45, and the lower the flow rate, the better the oil separation effect. The flow velocity is related to the opening area of the passage outlet of the oil separation space 45. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, an oil separation space 45 divided by a spacer portion 46 extending to the outer peripheral portion of the disk portion 35a.
In this case, the total opening area (opening height H × opening outer peripheral length L × number of oil separating spaces N) of all passage outlets of the oil separating space 45 is the total outer peripheral area of the oil separating plate 35 ( By forming the oil separating plate having a space that is 50% or more of the opening height H × the outer peripheral length), the flow rate of the refrigerant gas and the mist oil blown out from the refrigerant passage hole 34 of the rotor 24 is increased. And the oil separation rate can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, if the short spacer portion 46 which does not reach the outer periphery of the disk portion 35a is formed to have a structure in which the outlet of the oil separation plate 35 is opened by 50% or more over the entire circumference, it is more desirable. The uniformly dispersed refrigerant gas and mist-like oil can be blown out, turbulence is prevented, and the oil discharge amount can be more effectively reduced.

The relationship between the opening area and the oil discharge amount is as shown in the graph of FIG. 6. Graph A shows a rotor having a conventional structure without an oil separator, and Graph B shows an opening area of 50 according to the present invention. % And a graph C shows a rotor having an oil separation plate having an opening area of 100% according to the present invention. And the oil separation plate 35
Is a shape having an opening area of 50% as shown in FIG.
It is clear that the amount of oil discharged to the outside of the compressor is reduced to 1/3 of that of the conventional structure, and the opening area of the oil separation plate 35 is 100% as shown in FIG. It was confirmed that the oil discharge amount was reduced to about 1/6 of that in the case of using the conventional method.

Here, a connecting portion 50 is provided so that the root portions of the spacer portion 46 and the spacer portion 46 are connected to each other, and the connecting portion 50 surrounds the drive shaft 12 in a cylindrical shape and supports the shaft. 49 are formed. If the connecting portion 50 is not provided, the oil separating space 45 communicates with the opening 44 in a direction opposite to the opening 44 via the clearance between the drive shaft 12 and the insertion circular hole 48. Since a situation occurs in which oil is directly discharged without being separated, the oil separation effect is deteriorated. For this reason, by forming the insertion portion of the drive shaft 12 into a shaft cylindrical shape, it is possible to obtain the oil separation plate 35 that can perform stable and good oil separation.

The slot insulating paper 51 inserted into the slot formed on the inner periphery of the stator 22
In order to prevent the refrigerant gas and the mist oil from blowing against the coil end 21E as shown in FIG.
Is desirably provided so as to protrude at its upper end with a height that does not block, so that the oil separation rate does not decrease.

The oil separating plate 35 has its disk portion 3
5a to form part thickness, the upper eccentric portion 9a and the lower eccentric portion 9b of the drive shaft 12 as shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 10 and the practices
A balance weight 52 for sexually balancing and eliminating eccentric run-out of the drive shaft 12 is integrally provided. Here, in order to balance the above-described drive shaft eccentric portion, it is necessary to match the direction of the balance weight 52 and the lower eccentric portion 9b when fitting the rotor 24 to the drive shaft 12. Therefore, a positioning groove 53 is provided at the center of the balance weight 52, while the lower eccentric portion 9 is provided at the upper end of the drive shaft 12.
b, a notch groove 54 pointing in the direction of
The rotor 24 is assembled to the drive shaft 12 so that the groove 3 and the notch groove 54 match.

A notch groove 56 having a different groove width is provided on the opposite side to the positioning groove 53, and the notch groove 56, together with the groove 53, is rotated by the rotor magnetic field by the magnetizing magnetic field when magnetized. 24 serves as a groove for stopping rotation so as not to rotate.

Here, the magnetization can be performed by energizing the stator winding 21a on the inner periphery and the stator winding 21c on the outer periphery in the plan view of FIG. 11 in which the rotor 24 is incorporated. When the rotor 24 is fixed at a position where the rotor 24 is concentrated at the center of the magnetic material (permanent magnet) 29, the magnetization can be performed most effectively. Its position is determined by the center line X of the stator winding 21a.
And the center line B of the center line Y of the stator winding 21 c coincides with the center line of the magnetic body (permanent magnet) 29. And this position to the grooves 27 of the stator 22 side, so that the alignment grooves 53 of the rotor 24 side can be set by adjusting mechanically fixed angle. Thus if there is a rotor 24 in the position set, the maximum flux amount of the magnetic flux generated in Chaku磁時is adapted to pass through the center of the magnetic body 29, the magnetic body
29 can be magnetized. Therefore, when this setting is performed, the jig for stopping rotation is locked in the positioning groove 53 and the notch groove 56, and the rotor 24 is fixed and magnetized. Note that, as described above, the positioning groove 53 provided on the oil separation plate 35 is
It is also used as a groove for stopping rotation of the rotor 24.

Reference numeral 61 denotes an accumulator, 62 denotes a mounting bracket thereof, and the accumulator 61 includes the mounting bracket 6.
2 is held and fixed by a fixing band 63 as shown in FIG. Further, reference numeral 64 denotes a hermetic terminal provided on the upper lid case 1b.

[0039]

As described above, according to the present invention, an oil separating plate can be easily assembled on the upper surface of a rotor of a permanent magnet type synchronous motor, and furthermore, it communicates with a refrigerant passage hole penetrating through the iron core of the rotor. An oil separation space with an outlet that opens to the outer periphery can be formed between the upper surface of the rotor and the refrigerant gas and mist-like oil that has exited from the refrigerant passage hole and entered the oil separation space. The oil separation effect is enhanced, and the amount of oil discharged to the outside of the compressor is reduced. For this reason, a decrease in the refrigerant capacity can be prevented, and a decrease in the amount of oil inside the compressor can also be prevented, so that the effect of normally lubricating the sliding portion can be obtained.

Further, conventionally, the oil separating mechanism disposed on the upper portion of the rotor is constituted by an oil separator, a spacer, a balance weight for gravity balance, an upper plate for preventing the magnet from falling off, and the like. Such an oil separation plate has a shape in which these conventional components are all integrated and has all of their functions, so that the number of parts can be reduced, assemblability can be improved, and a compact compressor can be obtained. .

In the present invention, the oil separation space has an outer peripheral portion outlet which is uniformly opened around the entire circumference, and the total opening area is at least の or more of the entire circumferential area. Mist oil can be dispersed and blown out, turbulence is prevented, and oil separation can be performed more favorably.

Also, since the refrigerant passage holes are arranged so as not to disturb the magnetic field formed in the rotor, the performance of the electric motor is not affected.

Further, vertical grooves formed between the protruding portions on the outer peripheral portion of the laminated core and through which refrigerant gas and mist oil can pass are closed by circular end plates disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the laminated core. Therefore, a large amount of refrigerant gas and mist-like oil can be smoothly guided to the refrigerant passage hole, and oil separation can be effectively performed.

Further, since oil separation is finally performed on the coil end, the slot insulating paper of the stator protruding in a state where the contact is not hindered is provided.
Oil separation can be prevented from deteriorating.

Further, the root of the spacer is connected to each other, and a portion through which the drive shaft is inserted is formed in the shaft cylinder.
There is no oil that leaks from the gap with the drive shaft without passing through the oil separation space, and many effects such as improvement of oil separation can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of a hermetic rotary compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part in FIG. 1 of a motor element having an oil separating plate.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the configuration of an oil separation plate in the case of a structure in which a spacer portion is formed so as to occupy a total opening area of an outer peripheral portion of each oil separation space by の of an opening area of the entire circumference.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the configuration of an oil separation plate in a case where a spacer portion is formed so that an outer peripheral portion of the oil separation space is completely opened.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view of the oil separation plate shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a relationship between an outlet opening area of an oil separation space and an oil discharge amount.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the configuration of an oil separation plate integrally provided with a balance weight.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional side view of the oil separation plate.

FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of an oil separation plate and components constituting a rotor.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of a rotor equipped with an oil separation plate and a drive shaft to which the rotor is fixed.

FIG. 11 is a plan structural view of the compressor, showing how to position the rotor in the stator and assemble and magnetize the rotor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 9a, 9b Eccentric part 12 Drive shaft 24 Rotor 29 Permanent magnet 34 Refrigerant passage hole 35 Oil separation plate 36 Caulking pin 37 Insertion hole 41A, 41B End plate 45 Oil separation space 46 Spacer part

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tsutomu Kon 2-5-5 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka Inside Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Arisa Sato 2-5-2-5 Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka JP-A-5-260699 (JP, A) JP-A-57-68583 (JP, A) JP-A-4-43892 (JP, A) JP-A-2-157492 ( JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Hei 5-61487 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Showa 63-110686 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Utility Model 2-56891 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Utility Model 5-47474 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Hei 1-21190 (JP, Y2) Jikgyo Hei 5-7519 (JP, Y2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F04C 23/00-29/10 331 H02K 15/16

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] An oil reservoir is provided in an inner bottom portion of a casing, and a rotary compressor element is disposed in a lower portion of the casing, and a motor element including a stator and a rotor having a permanent magnet embedded in a laminated iron core is disposed in an upper portion. Wherein the gas refrigerant discharged from the rotary compressor element passes through the motor element and is discharged to an external refrigeration circuit from a discharge port provided at an upper portion of the casing. And a plurality of refrigerant passage holes vertically formed through a laminated core of the rotor so as to pass mist-like oil, and disposed above an outlet of the refrigerant passage hole, and between an upper surface of the rotor. An oil separation plate made of a non-magnetic material radially provided with a plurality of spacer portions for forming an oil separation space; and an oil separation plate inserted through the spacer portion of the oil separation plate to fix the oil separation plate to the rotor. Fixed A hermetically-sealed rotary compressor comprising: an insertion hole formed through the laminated iron core in a vertical direction so as to allow a member to pass therethrough. 2. The oil separation space is provided radially and uniformly, and the radial spacer portion is formed so that the total opening area of the outer periphery of the oil separation space occupies at least half of the opening area of the entire circumference. The hermetic rotary compressor according to claim 1, wherein 3. The hermetic rotary compressor according to claim 1, wherein the insertion hole is formed at a position where the magnetic flux between the permanent magnets is not disturbed. 4. The hermetic rotary compressor according to claim 1, wherein the oil separating plate is provided with a partly thick portion and a balance weight is integrally provided. 5. A circular end plate having a communication hole communicating with the refrigerant passage hole and closing a vertically extending groove of the laminated core is attached to upper and lower surfaces of the rotor. The hermetic rotary compressor according to claim 1, wherein 6. A slot insulating paper inserted in a slot of the stator on which a stator winding is wound is projected so as not to block an opening on an outer periphery of the oil separation space. The hermetic rotary compressor according to claim 1, wherein 7. The oil separating plate is provided with a shaft cylinder portion which connects the spacer portions at a root portion thereof and through which a drive shaft in which the rotor is shrink-fitted is formed. The hermetic rotary compressor according to claim 1.