JP3139608U - Defibrating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

A grinder or pulverizer is diverted to plant defibration, but these devices are originally powdered devices, and therefore, when the purpose is fiber defibration, it is time-consuming and workable. Is also inefficient, and there is a problem that fibers and powder cannot be separated and discharged. Therefore, a defibrating apparatus that continuously and efficiently defibrate plants and separates and discharges fibers and powders is provided.
A defibrating apparatus includes a rotor 4 that rotates about a horizontal axis supported by both ends of a drum 6, a hopper 8 that feeds fibers to be defibrated into the drum 6, and a powder outlet 10 that discharges powder. Each has a fiber discharge port 9 for discharging the defibrated fibers, and the angle of the rotating blade 5 is appropriately set to separate and discharge the fibers and powder while blowing air.
[Selection] Figure 2

Description

This invention relates to a plant defibrating apparatus.

In recent years, there have been proposals to use biomass, which is a renewable resource, in particular plants and plant wastes, as fibers because of fear of exhausting fossil fuels.
In general, grinders and pulverizers are often used for defibrating plants.
A grinder is mainly used to mechanically pulverize trees into pulp, and its typical structure is to fix one of two opposing disks with teeth and rotate the other so that it is in the gap. Plants are supplied from the upper part or the center of the disk, the plants are sheared and crushed by fixed teeth and rotating teeth, and the crushed fibers are dropped from the lower part of the disk.
The pulperizer is mainly used to pulverize and recycle waste plastic. The typical structure is a rotary blade attached to the rotor that rotates inside the cylinder and the inside of the cylinder. It is pulverized with a fixed blade.
The above grinder and pulverizer are originally intended to grind the material into powder, but are also used for defibrating plants that have recently become popular. (Patent Documents 1 and 2)
JP 06-093585 A JP-A-2005-66511

However, when a plant is defibrated with a grinder, the residence time between the discs is short, and it is necessary to repeatedly pass the fiber until it is fully defibrated. Therefore, it is necessary to screen the powder and fiber in a later process.
Further, in the pulverizer, an opening having a predetermined size is provided in the discharge port, and the pulverizer can be repeatedly pulverized until it passes through, but the generated powder also passes through with the fibers.
As mentioned above, grinders and pulverizers are diverted to plant defibration, but these devices are inherently powdered devices, so workability can be improved in terms of time for the purpose of fiber defibration. Is also inefficient, and there is a problem that fibers and powder cannot be separated and discharged.
An object of the present invention is to provide a defibrating apparatus that continuously and efficiently defibrate plants and separates and discharges fibers and powder.

The invention of claim 1 has a fiber discharge port and a powder discharge port in the drum, a plurality of blades are erected on a horizontal rotating rotor in the drum, a plurality of blades are erected on the inner side of the drum toward the center of the rotation axis, The plant defibrating apparatus is characterized in that the amount of blown air can be changed by adjusting the angle of the blade on the rotating rotor.

The invention of claim 2 is the plant defibrating device according to claim 1, wherein the angle of the blade on the rotating rotor is 5 to 55 degrees.

  When the apparatus of the present invention is used, plants and plant waste materials can be defibrated continuously and efficiently, and fibers and powder can be separated and discharged.

Moreover, it becomes easy to extract and effectively use fibers from plants and plant waste materials, and it is possible to promote the use of biomass that is concerned about the depletion of fossil fuels.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the defibrating apparatus of the present invention has a rotor 4 that rotates around a horizontal axis supported at both ends of a drum 6, and a hopper 8 that feeds fibers to be defibrated into the drum 6, powder And a fiber discharge port 9 for discharging defibrated fibers. The drum 6 has a structure (not shown) in which the upper half can be opened for maintenance.

The rotation of the motor 1 is transmitted to the rotor 4 in the drum 6 via the drive belt 2 and the pulley 3. The number of rotations of the rotor 4 is arbitrarily set by changing the size of the pulley 3.
Further, the rotational speed of the motor 1 may be directly controlled by an inverter, and the rotational speed can be arbitrarily set via a continuously variable transmission.

In the rotor 4, a plurality of rotating blades 5 are erected radially from the rotation axis center at equal intervals on the same circumference, and the rotation blades 5 are erected at equal intervals in the rotation axis direction.
The attachment method may be welding, but it is better to fasten the rotor 4 with bolts in order to easily change the angle depending on the plant to be defibrated.

  The rotating blade 5 is made of metal or plastic having sufficient strength to withstand defibration, and its shape is good in plate shape. When the rotor 4 rotates, the rotor 4 is blown toward the fiber discharge port 9. It stands upright with an appropriate angle θ (FIG. 3) with respect to the rotation axis. The amount of blown air can be adjusted by appropriately setting this angle θ, and can also be achieved by controlling the rotational speed of the motor.

On the inner wall of the drum 6, a fixed blade 7 is erected between the rotating blades 5 arranged at equal intervals toward the center of the rotating shaft. The fixed blade 7 is also made of metal or plastic having sufficient strength to withstand defibration, and the shape thereof is not limited to a plate shape but may be a rod shape or a column shape.
The interval between the rotating blade 5 and the fixed blade 7 is preferably about 1 mm to 5 cm. If the clearance is excessively widened, the fiber is not sufficiently defibrated and the efficiency is deteriorated. Contact or fiber is excessively crushed and the proportion of powder increases. An interval of 3 mm to 3 cm is preferable.

The length of the rotating blade 5 can be freely set as long as it does not contact the drum 6. Similarly, the length of the fixed blade 7 can be freely set as long as it does not contact the rotor 4.
However, if both the rotary blade 5 and the fixed blade 7 are too short, there will be no overlapping portion between the rotary blade 5 and the fixed blade 7, and the efficiency of defibration will be reduced. Good.

  A mesh 11 can be inserted between the powder discharge port 10 and the drum 6. By appropriately adjusting the opening of the mesh 11, the powder is separated and discharged from the powder discharge port 10, and mixing of the powder is suppressed in the fiber discharged from the fiber discharge port 9.

  When a plant or plant waste material that has been softened and cut into a size of 2 cm to 10 cm square is introduced from the hopper 8, the fiber discharge port 9 is caused by the rotating blade 5 itself or the wind generated by the rotating blade 5 as the rotor 4 rotates at high speed. It is gradually solved while being sent in the direction.

  As the plant is unraveled, the plant breaks down into fibers and powder, but this powder is dropped from the rotating blade 5 to the lower part of the drum 6, sent by the wind generated by the rotating blade 5, and discharged from the powder outlet 10.

On the other hand, the fiber is fed by the rotating blade 5 itself or the wind generated by the rotating blade 5 and discharged from the fiber discharge port 9.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the defibrating apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a defibrating apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side perspective view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a view for explaining standing angles of a rotating rotor 4 and its blades.

  After collecting fruit juice (juice) and endosperm (fruit pulp and oil) from the fruit of lionaceae, the coconut shell remaining in a broad sense is previously steamed and softened, and then cut into 4 to 6 cm squares, and this is devised. As a result, the powder unsuitable for spinning is separated from the powder discharge port 10, and fibers derived from the coconut shell having a good fiber length that can be spun by spinning with cotton are obtained from the fiber discharge port 9. It was.

The condition of the defibrating machine at this time is that four rotor blades 5 are erected on the same circumference on the rotor 4 and are arranged at equal intervals in the direction of the axis of rotation. Was inclined 45 degrees with respect to the angle (θ = 45 °, FIG. 3). Further, a bolt-like iron bar was erected on the inner side of the drum 6 between the rotating blades as the fixed blade 7. The interval between the rotating blade 5 and the fixed blade 7 was 5 mm to 2 cm. Moreover, the rotation speed of the rotor was set to 2100 rotations per minute.

Bamboo is softened by alkali treatment and then cut into 3 to 5 cm squares. When this is defibrated by the defibrating device of the present invention, powder unsuitable for spinning is separated from the powder discharge port 10, and cotton A fiber derived from bamboo having a good fiber length that can be spun and blended was obtained from the fiber outlet 9.
The conditions of the defibrating apparatus at this time are the same as in Example 1 except that the setting of the angle of the rotary blade 5 is changed to 40 degrees (θ = 40 °).

After softening the branches of the hibiscus by alkali treatment, it is cut into 3 to 5 cm squares and defibrated with the defibrating device of the present invention. Bamboo-derived fibers having a good fiber length that can be spun by being mixed with cotton were obtained from the fiber outlet 9.
The conditions of the defibrating apparatus at this time are the same as in Example 1 except that the setting of the angle of the rotating blade 5 is changed to 35 degrees (θ = 35 °).

When sugarcane squeezed bagasse is defibrated with the defibrating device of the present invention, sugarcane residue that is not suitable for spinning is separated from the powder outlet 10 and is derived from sugarcane with a good fiber length that can be spun by spinning with cotton. Fibers were obtained from the fiber outlet 9.
The conditions of the defibrating apparatus at this time are the same as in Example 1 except that the setting of the angle of the rotary blade 5 is changed to 55 degrees (θ = 55 °).

It is a front view of the defibrating apparatus which shows embodiment. It is a side perspective view of the defibrating device showing an embodiment. It is a figure explaining the standing angle of the side surface of the rotor 4, and a braid | blade.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Motor 2 Drive belt 3 Pulley 4 Rotor 5 Rotating blade 6 Drum 7 Fixed blade 8 Hopper 9 Fiber discharge port 10 Powder discharge port 11 Mesh

Claims (2)

The drum has a fiber discharge port and a powder discharge port, a plurality of blades are erected on the horizontal rotating rotor in the drum, and a plurality of blades are erected on the inner side of the drum toward the center of the rotation axis. A plant defibrating apparatus characterized in that the air flow rate can be changed by adjusting the air flow.
The plant defibrating device according to claim 1, wherein the angle of the blade on the rotating rotor is 5 to 55 degrees.

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