JP3115586B2 - Three-dimensional seismic isolation device for structures using spherical rubber bearings - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Object of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a so-called three-dimensional seismic isolation device for horizontal and vertical three-dimensional seismic isolation and vibration isolation.
It is suitable for mounting so-called anti-vibration equipment such as office automation equipment (OA equipment) or ultra-precision manufacturing equipment that is sensitive to micro-vibration, and suitable for floor structures that protect these anti-vibration equipment from vibrations caused by earthquakes. The present invention relates to a three-dimensional seismic isolation device for structures.

[Conventional technology]

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-47477 (hereinafter referred to as "known technology") has been proposed as a seismic isolation structure using a three-dimensional seismic isolation device for a structure of this type.

The seismic isolation structure of the prior art includes a three-dimensional shock absorber composed of a laminated rubber body and an air spring between the foundation and the lower surface of the floor, and a fixed cradle charged with a viscous fluid is provided on the foundation, It has a horizontal resistance plate immersed in a viscous fluid in the fixed receiving table, and forms a cylindrical container integrally with the horizontal resistance plate, and a vertical member inserted into the cylindrical container is mounted on the floor. A fixed damping device is provided.

According to this known technique, a three-dimensional shock absorber composed of a laminated rubber body and an air spring is used. However, not only a plurality of structures but also a longer period of vibration is required for the laminated rubber body. It is necessary to reduce the cross-sectional area, increase the height, or increase the load on the superstructure (floor). However, if the cross-sectional area is reduced, it becomes unstable in supporting the upper structure (floor), and buckling may occur. If the height is increased, the buckling may become unstable and buckling as described above. This is not preferable because the floor position becomes high in supporting the living room and the living space is reduced. Furthermore, increasing the load of the superstructure has a limit in supporting the floor, and it is difficult to increase the period.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and in this type of seismic device, the height can be reduced with a relatively simple configuration, and the fluctuation of the floor level can be easily adjusted. An object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional seismic isolation device for a structure.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a seismic isolation method performed by using the three-dimensional seismic isolation device for a structure.

B. Configuration of the Invention [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention employs the following configuration to achieve the above object.

The first invention is a three-dimensional seismic isolation device for a structure,
As described in claim 1, in a building, a load corresponding to the load of the upper structure is provided between an upper structure of a floor structure on which the anti-vibration device is mounted and a lower structure of a floor supporting the floor structure. A spherical rubber bearing mainly composed of rubber spheres that rolls and supports the upper structure while maintaining the level of the upper structure by the pneumatic action of the compressed air enclosed therein and independently supports the upper structure. The compressed air is continuously supplied from a compressed air source while adjusting the amount of compressed air through an air conduit connected to the rubber spheres. A damping device for attenuating the movement of the relative movement, and a restoring device for returning the upper structure moved by the spring action of the coil spring body to the original position, at a position different from the spherical rubber bearing. Please arrange It is characterized in.

In the above configuration, an adjusting valve for switching the supply and exhaust of compressed air is interposed in the middle of the air conduit, and in addition to the above, the adjusting valve is automatically controlled in response to a signal from a level sensor disposed on the upper structure. , Are optional choices made as appropriate.

The second invention is also a three-dimensional seismic isolation device for a structure, and as described in claim 4, in a building, an upper structure of a floor structure on which anti-vibration equipment is mounted and supports the floor structure. Compressed air corresponding to the load of the upper structure is filled between the lower structure of the floor and the upper structure, and the upper structure is supported horizontally by the air pressure of the compressed air sealed therein. Spherical rubber bearings mainly composed of rubber spheres are interposed and installed at a plurality of locations so as to independently support the upper structure, and an air conduit is connected to the rubber spheres and compressed in the middle of the air conduit. A regulating valve for switching the supply and exhaust of air is interposed, and compressed air is continuously supplied from the compressed air source while regulating the amount of compressed air through the air conduit, and the regulating valve is disposed on the upper structure. Before receiving the level sensor signal A damping device that adjusts the amount of compressed air supplied to the rubber sphere and attenuates the relative movement between the upper structure and the lower structure, and an upper structure that is moved by the spring action of the coil spring body. And a restoring device for returning to the position described above is arranged at a position different from the spherical rubber bearing.

The third invention is a seismic isolation method using the first three-dimensional seismic isolation device for a structure, wherein the anti-vibration device is placed in a building as described in claim 5. Compressed air is filled between the upper structure of the floor structure and the lower structure of the floor body supported by the floor structure in accordance with the load of the upper structure, and the compressed air sealed in the inside of the floor structure acts on the compressed air. Spherical rubber bearings mainly composed of rubber spheres that roll and support the upper structure while maintaining the level are interposed and installed at a plurality of locations so as to independently support the upper structure, and are connected to the rubber spheres. The compressed air is continuously supplied from the compressed air source through the air conduit while adjusting the amount of compressed air, and is moved by a damping device for damping a relative movement between the upper structure and the lower structure, and a spring action of the coil spring body. Superstructure in place Using a three-dimensional seismic isolation device for a structure in which a restoring device to be returned is arranged at a position different from the spherical rubber bearing, and absorbing three-dimensional vibration displacement caused in the upper structure by an external vibration force. It is characterized by.

[Action]

The load of the superstructure is supported by the rubber sphere of the spherical rubber bearing, and the level of the superstructure is kept constant by adjusting the compressed air pressure and the amount of air to be sealed in the rubber sphere.

When the upper structure vibrates three-dimensionally due to seismic motion or passing traffic vibration, the horizontal displacement component is allowed by the rolling of the rubber sphere, and the vertical displacement component is allowed by the elastic displacement of the rubber sphere.

On the other hand, this three-dimensional vibration is damped by the damping device,
A force for returning to the original position is exerted by the elastic energy of the spring body of the restoring device, and the vibration of the upper structure is quickly absorbed.
Furthermore, the characteristics of the spring body are clear by using a coil spring, and the vibration of the structural system is set to a desired long period by appropriately setting the spring constant.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a three-dimensional seismic isolation device for a structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Structure of Embodiment) FIGS. 1 to 4 show a three-dimensional seismic isolation device for a structure according to an embodiment applied to a floor structure in a building. That is, a floor structure for mounting anti-vibration equipment such as OA equipment is installed in one section of a building, and the floor structure is dynamically supported by this three-dimensional seismic isolation device. 2 shows the overall configuration of the seismic isolation device, FIG. 2 shows its plan layout, and FIGS. 3 and 4 show its partial structure.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the three-dimensional seismic isolator for a structure according to the present embodiment is interposed between a floor B of a building and a floor F, so that the floor F is self-supporting. Spherical rubber bearing 1 arranged to support and damping part 2 using viscous shear resistance
And a damping / restoring device 4 composed of a combination of a restoring portion 3 mainly composed of a return spring, and an air conduit 6 provided from the spherical rubber bearing 1; 6 and a compressed air supply unit 7 arranged at an end of the compressed air supply system.

The floor structure F in the figure constitutes a free access floor, and includes a floor frame 100 and a support member installed on the floor frame 100.
102 and a floor panel 104 placed on top of the support 102
And consisting of The free access floor has a relatively large weight because various devices are placed on the upper surface thereof.

The floor frame 100 is assembled in a lattice shape from a horizontal beam 106 and a vertical beam 108, and a small beam 110 is installed between the adjacent vertical beams 108 in parallel with the horizontal beam 106. Note that the support 102 is omitted in some cases, and the floor panel 104 may be directly mounted on the floor frame 100, and the floor panel 104 may use a large plate, which is essential to the present invention. Not a matter.

Hereinafter, the configuration of each part of the three-dimensional seismic isolation device will be described in detail.

The spherical rubber bearing 1 is mainly composed of a hollow rubber sphere 10, and the rubber sphere 10 has a lower bearing plate 11 fixed to a floor B and a floor structure F.
Between the upper support plate 12 fixed to the lower surface of the base plate. The lower and upper bearing plates 11, 12 are made of hard material,
1a and 12a are formed on a flat surface.

 FIG. 3 shows the detailed structure of the spherical rubber bearing 1.

As shown in the figure, the rubber sphere 10 has a hollow portion 14 inside and is made up of a thick rubber elastic portion 15, and a tube 16 communicating with the hollow portion 14 is inserted through the rubber elastic portion 15 in a penetrating manner. ing. The rubber elastic portion 15 is formed of a single rubber material or rubber containing reinforcing fibers. Thus, compressed air is sealed in the rubber sphere 10.

The rubber sphere 10 is elastically deformed by receiving an overload including the floor structure F, and is not a perfect sphere but a flat portion is formed at a contact portion with the support plates 11 and 12. The rolling movement of the rubber sphere 10
It is one half of the horizontal displacement l of the support plates 11,12.

Returning to FIG. 1, the tube 16 projecting from the rubber ball 10
Is connected to one end of an air conduit 6, and the other end is connected to a compressed air supply unit 7. In the middle of the air conduit section 6, a regulating valve 18 is provided.
Is interposed. When the control valve 18 is automatically controlled based on an electric signal from a level sensor described later, a three-way valve that is switched and driven by receiving a drive signal of an electronic signal is employed. Good.

As the compressed air supply unit 7, a so-called air compressor, that is, a compressor is used. An air tank 8 is appropriately interposed in the compressed air supply unit 7 to temporarily store the compressed air pressure from the compressor.

This spherical rubber bearing 1, air conduit 6, compressed air supply 7
In the compressed air supply system, the level of the floor structure F is detected by a level sensor (not shown) of the floor structure F, and the processing device calculates the switching amount or the opening / closing amount of each regulating valve 18 based on the detection signal. Activate the adjustment valve 18 and set each rubber ball
Adjust and control the amount of compressed air supplied to 10.

The damping / restoring device 4 has a combination structure of the damping unit 2 and the restoring unit 3, and FIG. 4 shows a detailed configuration thereof.

That is, the damping part 2 has a concave portion facing upward with a cylindrical surrounding wall, the concave portion is filled with the viscous fluid L, and the pot-like member 20 fixed to the floor B, the surrounding wall of the pot-like member 20 An intermediate movable body 24 consisting of a lid 22 slidably mounted on the upper edge of the floor and a bottomed cylindrical body 23 fixed and held by the lid 22 and filled with a viscous fluid L therein; A column-shaped vertical member 27 fixed to the lower surface of the structure F and inserted into the cylindrical body 23 of the movable body 24 through a projection member 26 having a sliding function;
Of each component.

Then, the bottom surface of the concave portion of the pot-like member 20 and the bottom plate 23 of the cylindrical body 23
The lower surface of a is held in a predetermined gap s1, and the cylindrical body 2
The inner peripheral surface of 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the vertical member 27 are held in a predetermined gap s2, and the viscous fluid L is interposed in these gaps s1 and s2.

The distance of the gap s1 is determined by the lid 22, and the distance of the gap s2 is determined by the projection member 27.

With this configuration, when the floor structure F moves horizontally and vertically with respect to the floor B, the vertical member 27 and the intermediate movable body 24 allow vertical movement, and the intermediate movable body 24 and the pan-shaped member 20 move horizontally. And three-dimensional movement as a whole is allowed.

The restoring section 3 has a spring body 29 as a main body,
It is installed in conjunction with. That is, the spring body 29 takes the form of a coil spring, and is arranged radially around the damping portion 2.

More specifically, the coil spring 29 has one end fixed to the cylindrical body 23 of the intermediate movable body 24 of the damping unit 2 and the other end fixed to the floor surface B.
The fixing member 30 is fixedly provided on the fixing member 30.

Regarding the arrangement of the spring bodies 29, in the case of arranging them in the radial type of the present embodiment, the arrangement is not limited to 90 ° equal intervals, but 120 ° intervals (that is, 3 modes) or 72 ° intervals (that is, 5 pieces). Aspects), etc., may be employed as appropriate at equal intervals. In addition, even if they are not at equal intervals, even if they are arranged asymmetrically, the resultant force only needs to be 0.

Further, the other end of the spring body 29 may be directly fixed to the lower surface of the floor structure F. Furthermore, it is only necessary that the radiation mode is not adopted at one place, and that the radiation patterns are individually and independently dispersed and arranged so that the resultant force becomes zero as a whole.

The spherical rubber bearing 1 and the damping / restoring device 4 constituting this three-dimensional device are arranged, for example, as shown in FIG.

That is, in this embodiment, the spherical rubber bearings 1 are arranged at four corners of the floor structure F, and the damping / restoring device 4 is arranged at the center of the floor structure F. However, it is sufficient that the spherical rubber bearing 1 can independently support the floor structure F, and the spherical rubber bearing 1 is arranged at least at three places. In addition, attenuation
The restoration device 2 may also be disposed at two locations symmetrically with respect to the central vertical beam 108 (or the central horizontal beam 106).

Thus, anti-vibration equipment such as OA equipment or ultra-precision manufacturing equipment is installed on the floor structure F mounted on the three-dimensional seismic isolation device.

(Operation / Effect of Embodiment) The three-dimensional seismic isolation device of this embodiment configured as described above exhibits the following functions.

Normally, the floor structure F and the OA placed thereon
The load of the device and the like is supported by the rubber ball 10 of the spherical rubber bearing 1.

When the floor structure F is moved up and down or tilted due to movement of the equipment on the floor structure, the level sensor is immediately activated, and based on the detection signal of the sensor, the adjustment valve 18 is controlled via a processing device by a computer. Is operated to suck and discharge compressed air to and from the rubber spheres 10, and the floor structure F is automatically adjusted so as to always maintain a horizontal state. Alternatively, the level of the floor structure F is adjusted by manually operating the adjustment valve 18.

Micro-vibrations and relatively small vibrations (which are dominated by longitudinal vibrations) caused by passing traffic vibrations and / or devices installed on the floor structure F are effectively removed by the rubber spheres 10. That is, in addition to the elastic force of the rubber elastic portion 15 itself, the compressed air pressure in the rubber sphere 10 exerts a synergistic action on the rubber sphere 10 to absorb longitudinal vibration. Further, the viscous shear resistance force of the viscous fluid L filled in the gap between the cylindrical body 23 and the vertical member 27 in the damping portion 2 of the damping / restoring device 4 cooperates with the absorption of the longitudinal vibration.

Next, when the building shakes due to a strong forced vibration force from the outside such as an earthquake motion, a three-dimensional relative displacement occurs between the building, that is, the floor body B and the floor structure F, and the horizontal displacement is caused by the spherical rubber bearing 1. The vertical displacement of the rubber ball 10 is allowed by the elastic deformation of the rubber ball 10, and the three-dimensional seismic isolation device has no elements that hinder these displacements. Accepted smoothly.

The rolling of the rubber sphere 10 is half of the total displacement in the horizontal direction.
Therefore, the inclination of the tube 16 is not so large, and the inclination of the tube 16 is not so large.

In this three-dimensional displacement, in the damping portion 2 of the damping / restoring device 4, the horizontal displacement appears as a relative displacement between the bottom surface of the concave portion of the pot-like member 20 and the lower surface of the bottom plate 23a of the cylindrical body 23. In addition, due to the presence of the viscous fluid L filled in the gap, a so-called viscous shear resistance force in a direction for stopping the displacement is generated, and the horizontal vibration is attenuated.

In addition, the vertical displacement appears as a relative displacement between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 23 and the outer peripheral surface of the vertical member 27, and the direction in which this displacement is stopped due to the presence of the viscous fluid L filled in the gap. Generates a viscous shear resistance force, which attenuates vertical vibration.

Then, in the restoring section 3 of the damping / restoring device 4, the floor structure F displaced by the spring body 29 is returned to the original position by its elastic energy.

As described above, according to the three-dimensional seismic device of the present embodiment, the rubber sphere 10 filled with compressed air supports the floor structure F, allows its three-dimensional displacement, and removes the vertical microseismic copper. Since there is something that absorbs, it effectively functions as a seismic isolation device, and contributes to downsizing of the entire device.

In addition, the damping / restoring device 4 has the damping unit 2 and the restoring unit 3 integrated with each other, is small in size, does not take up a large installation space, and the damping unit 2 is also resistant to longitudinal vibration due to its viscous shear resistance characteristics. Effective and especially effective for anti-vibration devices, cooperating with the longitudinal vibration absorbing characteristics of the rubber sphere 10.

Further, the viscous shear resistance exerted by the damping portion 2 exerts a large braking force, and the vibration of the floor structure F can be rapidly attenuated.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various design changes can be made within the scope of the basic technical concept of the present invention. That is, the following embodiments are included in the technical scope of the present invention.

In the configuration of the above-described embodiment, the attenuation / restoration unit 4 is formed by integrating the attenuation unit 2 and the restoration unit 3; however, the attenuation unit 2 and the restoration unit 3 may be separated from each other. FIG. 5 shows such an example. In the illustrated example, the spring body 29 and one end are fixed to the floor B, and the other end is fixed to the floor structure F.

Further, the function of the damping section 2 is not limited to the viscous shear resistance type of the embodiment, and the function does not change even if another damping device such as an oil damper is used.

C. According to the three-dimensional seismic isolation device for structures of the present invention, the upper structure is supported by rubber spheres, and the damping force and the restoring force are separately provided with a damping device and a restoring device using a spring body. The sealed rubber spheres can sufficiently exhibit excellent horizontal and vertical vibration absorption characteristics, and the rubber spheres with a simple structure can reduce the size of the device, keep the overall height of the device low, and By appropriately reducing the spring constant of the spring body, a longer period of the vibration can be easily achieved. Further, the fluctuation of the floor level due to the movement of the load can be easily adjusted by controlling the introduction of the compressed air into the rubber ball.

[Brief description of the drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of a three-dimensional seismic isolation device for structures of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a floor structure in a building of the embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the structure, FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a detailed structure of the spherical rubber bearing, FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a part IV in FIG.
The figure is another arrangement example of the attenuation unit and the restoration unit. F: floor structure (upper structure) B: floor body (lower structure)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Spherical rubber bearing, 2 ... Damping device, 3 ... Restoring device, 4 ... Damping / restoring device, 6 ... Air conduit, 7 ... Air compressor, 10 ... Rubber sphere, 18 ... Adjustment Valve, 29 ... spring body

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-4-102742 (JP, A) JP-A-3-223542 (JP, A) JP-A-63-214533 (JP, A) JP-A-2- 220427 (JP, A) JP-A-61-10133 (JP, A) JP-A-60-184449 (JP, U) JP-A-58-142975 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. ⁷ , DB name) F16F 15/04 E04H 9/02 331

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] In a building, compressed air corresponding to a load of the upper structure is provided between an upper structure of a floor structure on which the anti-vibration equipment is mounted and a lower structure of a floor supporting the floor structure. The spherical rubber bearing mainly composed of a rubber sphere that rolls and supports the upper structure while maintaining the level of the upper structure by the pneumatic action of the compressed air enclosed therein so as to support the upper structure independently. The compressed air is continuously supplied from a compressed air source while adjusting the amount of compressed air via an air conduit connected to the rubber sphere, and is installed between a plurality of locations. In connection with the movement, a damping device for damping the relative movement and a restoring device for returning the upper structure moved by the spring action of the coil spring body to the original position are arranged at positions different from the spherical rubber bearing. Become 3D seismic isolation system for a structure that the symptoms. 2. The three-dimensional seismic isolation device for a structure according to claim 1, further comprising an adjustment valve for switching the supply and exhaust of compressed air in the middle of the air conduit. 3. A three-dimensional seismic isolation device for a structure according to claim 2, wherein the control valve is automatically controlled in response to a signal from a level sensor disposed on the upper structure. 4. In a building, compressed air corresponding to a load of said upper structure is provided between an upper structure of a floor structure on which anti-vibration equipment is mounted and a lower structure of a floor supporting said floor structure. The spherical rubber bearing mainly composed of a rubber sphere that rolls and supports the upper structure while maintaining the level of the upper structure by the pneumatic action of the compressed air enclosed therein so as to support the upper structure independently. An air conduit is connected to the rubber sphere, and a regulating valve for switching the supply and exhaust of compressed air is disposed in the middle of the air conduit, and the rubber sphere is compressed through the air conduit. Air is continuously supplied while adjusting the amount of compressed air from a compressed air source, and the adjusting valve adjusts the amount of compressed air supplied to the rubber sphere by receiving a signal from a level sensor disposed on the upper structure, Phase of superstructure and substructure In connection with the movement, a damping device for damping the relative movement and a restoring device for returning the upper structure moved by the spring action of the coil spring body to the original position are arranged at positions different from the spherical rubber bearing. A three-dimensional seismic isolation device for structures. 5. A compressed air corresponding to a load of the upper structure is provided between an upper structure of a floor structure on which the anti-vibration equipment is mounted and a lower structure of a floor supported by the floor structure in the structure. A plurality of spherical rubber bearings mainly composed of rubber spheres that roll and support the upper structure while maintaining the horizontal level by the pneumatic action of the compressed air enclosed therein so as to independently support the upper structure. The compressed air is continuously supplied from the compressed air source while adjusting the amount of compressed air through the air conduit connected to the rubber sphere, and the relative movement between the upper structure and the lower structure. Three-dimensional seismic isolator for a structure in which a damping device for damping the air and a restoring device for returning the upper structure moved by the spring action of the coil spring body to the original position are arranged at positions different from the spherical rubber bearing. Use the vibration A seismic isolation method for a structure, characterized by absorbing a three-dimensional vibration displacement caused in an upper structure by an external force.