JP3114608B2 - Multipurpose crane - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crane,
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a multipurpose crane that selectively uses different types of hanging tools, and more particularly to a crane having two main trolleys and auxiliary trolleys.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A crane for handling loose objects is provided with a main trolley and an auxiliary trolley as trolleys for traveling the girder, and a rope pulled out from a winch is connected to a grab bucket via the auxiliary trolley and the main trolley in order. .

[0003] Many multipurpose cranes selectively use a grab bucket and a container hanger. The lifting rope is commonly used, and only the hanging tool is replaced. When a grab bucket is used, an electric grab bucket is used. A container hanging device for the sheave block suspended by the lifting rope,
The grab bucket is detachable. Such a crane is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 02-276795.

A crane has a plurality of ropes, and a large number of workers take a long time to replace the ropes.

[0005]

Problems to be Solved by the Invention
According to the multipurpose crane disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6795, when a grab bucket is used, it is necessary to be electrically driven. The electric grab bucket is large and is not suitable for a grab bucket having a large cargo handling capacity.

[0006] It is an object of the present invention to provide a multi-purpose crane in which all operations of the two types of suspenders can be performed by ropes. That is, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily perform an operation of replacing a hanging tool.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a long object.
One end of a first hanging tool for detachably connecting
A rope is wound around the trolley in the width direction.
The first drum installed facing the other , the first hanging
A second rope removably connected to the end
The direction of the axis of the first drum in the width direction.
A second drum installed in direction, than the first crane
Detachable for hanging grab buckets with small hanging point intervals
A third rope that is freely connected,
Between the first drum and the second drum,
A third drum installed toward the axis in the serial width direction, wherein
Fourth detachably connected to suspend the grab bucket
A rope, wherein the first drum and the
Between the second drum and the axis of the third drum
A fourth drum installed with its axis parallel to the
A first damper provided between the first drum and the third drum;
Between the speed changer and the second and fourth drums
A second reduction gear provided, and the width of the second reduction gear is larger than that of the first reduction gear.
A first electric motor which is installed on one end side in the direction, the second reduction of
Second electric motor installed on the other end side in the width direction of the electric motor
When, connecting the second reduction gear and said first reduction gear
A first clutch, the first reducer, and the first drive;
A second clutch disposed between the first clutch and the first deceleration.
Third clutch installed between the machine and the third drum
If, installed between the second drum and the second reduction gear
The fourth clutch, the second speed reducer and the fourth
A fifth clutch installed between the first clutch and the first drum ;
An electric motor, the first clutch, and the second electric motor
The respective axis centers are substantially the same, and the first reduction gear
The axis of the output shaft, the first drum, and the third drum are
The output shaft of the second reducer being substantially identical,
Second drum, the axis of the fourth drum substantive identical
It is, by can be achieved.

[0008] When changing the suspension, the sheave block is removed from the suspension in use and raised, and the suspension in suspension is lowered and attached to the suspension. At this time,
Since the two sheave blocks of the hanging object for a long object are divided in the longitudinal direction, they do not interfere with the second hanging member.
One hanging tool can be hung from the center of the trolley.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a multipurpose crane which selectively uses a container hanger and a grab bucket will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 shows a state in which the grab bucket 100 is used, and the ropes 61 and 62 used for operating the grab bucket 100 are shown by solid lines. Four ropes 65 and 66 used for hoisting the container hanger 150 at rest are shown by imaginary lines.

The girder 30 on which the main trolley 80 and the auxiliary trolley 85 run are supported by four legs 31 and 32. A space 33 between the sea-side leg 31 and the land-side leg 32 is the land-side cargo handling position of the container. A hopper 38 for receiving bulk materials from the grab bucket 100 is provided further on the land side than the land side legs 32. When loading a container, the main trolley 80 travels between the location 33 and the ship. When loading bulk materials, the main trolley 80 travels between the ship and the hopper 38. A machine room 45 in which various drums are installed is provided on the land side of the girder 30.

A supporting rope 61 wound around a supporting drum 51 of a machine room 45 is provided with a sheave 41 installed on a mast 40,
Sheave 86 of auxiliary trolley 85, sheave 81 of main trolley 80 on the sea side of auxiliary trolley 85, grab bucket 100
Is fixed to the main trolley 80 sequentially through the sheave 105 of the sheave block 101. Fixed point is sheave 81
More on the sea side.

The opening / closing rope 62 wound around the opening / closing drum 52 of the machine room 45 includes a sheave 41, a sheave 86 of an auxiliary trolley 85, a sheave 82 of a main trolley 80 on the sea side, and a sheave 106 of a sheave block 102 of a grab bucket 100. , Via the sheave 105, the sheave 106, the sheave 105, and the sheave 106 of the sheave block 101 thereabove in order,
It is fixed to the main trolley 80. The fixed point is on the sea side of the sheave 82.

The hoisting drums 55 and 56 of the machine room 45
The two winding ropes 65 and 66 wound around the sheave 41, the sheave 86 of the auxiliary trolley 85, and the main trolley 8
0, and the sheave 152 of the sheave block 151 of the container hanging device 150 sequentially passes through the main trolley 8.
It is fixed to 0. Sheaves 83 are installed at four points of the trolley 80. That is, the four sheaves 83 are the main trolley 80
In the direction of travel and in the direction perpendicular to the direction (width direction). Rope 65 near each sheave 83,
66 are fixed at the end. Sheave block 151,1
51 is divided into two in the width direction, and the grab bucket 100 can enter between them. Each of the sheave blocks 151 and 151 has two sheaves 155.

The two ropes 75 wound around the traverse drum 70 of the machine room 45 are fixed to the equalizing beam 84 of the main trolley 80 via the sheave 32 at the end of the sea-side girder 30. The two ropes 76 wound in the opposite direction on the traverse drum 70 are fixed to the equalizing beam 34 near the sheave 33 via the sheave 33 at the land side end of the girder 30 and the sheave 86 of the auxiliary trolley 85 in order. I have.

Sheaves 33, 34, 41, 83, 86, 1
05, 106 and 155 are respectively plural.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show the structure of the supporting drum 51, the opening / closing drum 52, and the winding drums 55 and 56.
It will be explained by.

Each of the container ropes 65 and 66 is 2
Since each of the drums 55 and 56 is composed of two books, the drums 55 and 56 are each composed of two drums. Supporting drum 51 and opening / closing drum 5
There are winding drums 65 and 66 on the outside of 2. Drums 51 and 52 and the speed reducer 27 between the two drums 55 and 56
1,272 can be installed.

The axis of the opening / closing drum 52 is the supporting drum 5
It is parallel to one axis. Both are lined up horizontally.
The opening / closing drum 52 is closer to the sea than the supporting drum 51.

Supporting drum 51 and hoisting drum 56
Are connected on the same axis via a speed reducer 53. 2
There is a speed reducer 53 between the two drums 51,56. The opening / closing drum 52 and the hoisting drum 55 are connected on the same axis via a speed reducer 54. Two drums 52,5
There is a speed reducer 54 between 5. The two reduction gears 53 and 54 are connected by a shaft 57 and a clutch 58. The shaft 57 and the clutch 58 are between the drum 51 and the drum 52. The speed reducers 53, 54 and the drums 51, 56, 52, 55 are connected by clutches 59, 60, 63, 64, respectively.

Reference numerals 67 and 68 denote electric motors, which are on the same axis as the shaft 57. The shaft center of the electric motors 67 and 68 is
It is parallel to 55 axes. The electric motor 67 (68) and the drum 56 (55) are arranged in a horizontal direction. Electric motor 67,
68 has brakes 67a and 68a. Electric motor 67,
68 can be operated independently. Drums 51, 52,
Each of 56 and 55 has a brake (not shown).

The drums 51, 52, 56, 55 are at the same height. The motors 67, 68 are at the same height. Reduction gear 5
3, 54 are at the same height. The ropes 66, 62 of the drums 52, 55 pass under the electric motor 68, the clutch 59 and the like. The mount of the electric motor 68 and the brake 68a is arranged so as not to interfere with the rope 66. The ropes 75 of the traversing drum 70 are drums 51, 52, 55, 56
Etc. are passing under the frame. Drums 51, 52, 5
6, 55, 70, reduction gears 53, 54, and electric motor 6
7, 68, etc. are in the machine room 45.

Each of the clutches 58, 59, 60, 63, 64 operates independently. In FIGS. 3 and 4, marks ○ on the clutches 58, 59, 60, 63, 64 indicate a connected (ON) state, and marks X indicate a disengaged (OFF) state.

FIG. 3 shows the connection state of the clutch at the time of loading by the grab bucket. Two reduction gears 53,
The clutch 58 connecting the clutch 54 is in a disengaged state. The clutches 60, 64 of the hoisting drums 56, 55 are in a separated state. The support drum 51 of the grab bucket and the clutches 59 and 63 of the opening / closing drum 52 are in a connected state. According to this, only the grab bucket can be supported and can be opened and closed. Opening and closing of the grab bucket is performed as known.

FIG. 4 shows the connection state of the clutch at the time of cargo handling by the container hanging device. A drum 51 for supporting the grab bucket, a clutch 59 for the drum 52 for opening and closing,
63 is in a separated state. The clutch 58 connecting the two reduction gears 53 and 54 is in a connected state. The clutches 60 and 64 of the winding drums 56 and 55 are in a connected state. According to this, it is possible to wind up only the container hanger.

In FIG. 5, the sheave block 1 which has been raised
01 and 151 enter the holes of the cylinder 84 whose lower end is expanded. Then, the pin 84a is inserted into the cylinder 84 and the sheave block 101 (151). The cylinder 84 is installed on the lower surface of the main trolley 80. The tube 84 is a sheave block 101, 151,
151. According to this, since the sheave block is supported by the pins 84a, the brake of the drum can be made small or unnecessary. The movement of the sheave block due to the traveling of the trolley 80 is prevented by the pins 84a. The operator attaches and detaches the pins 84a from a scaffold installed under the trolley 80.

Next, the hanger used was changed to a grab bucket 100.
Will be described in the case of using the container hanging device 150 from the above.

S1: The drums 51 and 52 are operated to lower the grab bucket 100 on the ground. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 8, before the descent, the opening / closing drum 52 is operated to open the grab bucket 100, thereby preventing the grab bucket 100 from falling over when placed on the ground. S2: Sheave block 1 at the bottom of grab bucket 100
A plurality of connecting fittings 113 for connecting the 02 and the main body 103 of the grab bucket 100 are removed. S3: The sheave block 1 is operated by driving the opening / closing drum 52.
02 is raised, and the sheave blocks 101 and 102 are united. S5: The sheave blocks 101 and 102 are connected by a plurality of connecting plates 115 and a plurality of connecting fittings 116. Thus, the interval between the two blocks 101 and 102 can be kept constant. FIG. 6 shows a state where the connecting plate 115 is fixed to the sheave block 101, but the connecting plate 115 is not normally installed on the sheave block 101. S7: Upper sheave block 101 and grab bucket 1
Then, a plurality of connection fittings 112 for connecting the main body 103 to the main body 103 are removed. S9: Operate the drums 51 and 52 to drive the two blocks 1
01 and 102 are raised. Thus, the sheave blocks 101 and 102 are detached from the main body 103. S11: When the sheave block 101 enters the cylinder 84 for the grab bucket 100, the pin 84a is inserted. S13: Run the multipurpose crane or drive the traversing drum 70 to hang the container hanging device 1 placed on the ground.
The main trolley 80 is located above the main body 153 of the 50. S15: The connection state of the clutch is set to the cargo handling state by the hanging device 150 in FIG. S17: Pull out the pin 84a for the hanging tool 150. S19: The sheave blocks 151 and 151 are lowered by operating the drums 55 and 55, and the sheave blocks 151 and 151 are moved down.
51 and the hanger main body 153 are connected by a connection fitting 161. This is shown in FIG. S21: Connect the power cable of the cable basket 154 to the main trolley 80. As described above, it is possible to carry out the cargo handling by the hanger 150.

Next, the hanger to be used is changed to the hanger 15 for container.
A procedure for changing the grab bucket 100 from 0 will be described. S31: First, the power cable is disconnected from the main trolley 80, and the power cable is stored in the cable basket 154. Next, the drums 55 and 56 are operated, and the container hanger 150 is lowered to the ground. S33: Sheave blocks 151 and 151 of the hanging device 150
The plurality of connecting fittings 161 for connecting the main body 153 to the main body 153 are removed. S35: The drums 55 and 56 are operated to raise the sheave blocks 151 and 151. As a result, the sheave blocks 151 and 151 are detached from the main body 103. S37: The sheave block 15 is attached to the cylinder 84 for the hanging device 150.
When 1 is inserted, the pin 84a is inserted.

S39: The main trolley 80 is positioned above the main body 103 of the grab bucket 100 placed on the ground by running the multipurpose crane or driving the traversing drum 70. S41: The connection state of the clutch is changed to the grab bucket 1 in FIG.
The cargo handling state is set to 00. S43: Pull out the pin 84a for the grab bucket 100. S45: The sheave blocks 101 and 102 of the grab bucket 100 are lowered by operating the drums 51 and 52, and inserted into the main body 103. Sheave block 101 for main body 10
3 is fixed with a connection fitting 112. Next, the connection plate 115 and the connection fitting 116 that have connected the two sheave blocks 101 and 102 are removed. Next, the drum 52 is operated to lower the sheave block 102, and the sheave block 1
02 is fixed to the main body 103 with the connection fitting 113. Grab bucket 100 is open. As described above, cargo handling by the grab bucket 100 can be performed.

According to this, the drum can be used exclusively for container hanging equipment and grab buckets, so that it is not necessary to replace the rope, and only the replacement of the hanging equipment is required. Is what you can do.

Further, since the sheave blocks 151 and 151 are divided into one end and the other end of the container hanging device 100, even if the sheave blocks 101 and 102 of the grab bucket 100 are provided between the two, the sheave blocks 151 and 151 are separated. 151,
151 can be lowered to a predetermined position of the container hanger 150. In addition, the grab bucket 100 and the hanging tool 150 can be hung at the center of the main trolley 80, and the length of the main trolley 80 (the length of the trolley in the traveling direction).
Can be reduced.

Further, the diameter of the drum can be set to a size suitable for the cargo handling specification (load, hoisting speed), and the capacity of the electric motors 67 and 68 can be the same in the two cargo handling. Therefore, efficiency can be improved. Generally, the maximum hoisting speed when loading by grab bucket,
The maximum hoisting load is about half of the maximum hoisting speed and the maximum hoisting load, respectively, when the container is unloaded. For this reason, in this embodiment, the drum 51 for the grab bucket,
The diameter of 52 is made larger than the diameter of the container drums 55 and 56, and the number of ropes is changed.

In the above embodiment, the supporting rope and the opening / closing rope of the grab bucket are each one, and the rope for the hanging device of the container is four. However, the supporting rope and the opening / closing rope are each two, and the hanging rope is used. The present invention can be applied to a case where two ropes are used. The hanging tool in this case is suitable for hanging a long material such as a pipe.

The grab bucket may be a grab for gripping timber or the like. Instead of the container hanging tool, a hanging tool for hanging a long object such as a pipe may be used. The container is also one of the long objects. In the case of a hanging object for a long object, two ropes can be used.

Next, the replacement operation of the opening / closing rope 62 will be described. S101: The main trolley 80 is stopped below the machine room 45. The stop position of the main trolley 80 is preferably a position at which a new rope is lowered from the machine room 45 above a fixing point of the rope 62 and the main trolley 80. S103: The grab bucket 100 is opened and placed on the ground. S105: The chain block fixed to the main trolley 80 is fixed to the end of the rope 62. S107: The connection between the end of the rope 62 and the main trolley 80 is released. S109: The new rope is lowered to the ground side from the drum around which the new rope carried into the machine room 45 is wound. The end of the new rope is connected to the end of the rope 62 fixed by the chain block. This connection is performed by welding. S111: The new drum is rotated to feed out a new rope by a predetermined amount. S113: The drum 52 is rotated in the winding direction, and the slack rope 62 is wound. Since the drum 52 is rotated after the new drum is rotated, there is no need to synchronize the two. S115: Steps S111 and S113 are repeated to position the tip of the new rope near the drum 52. If the drum 52 has no groove for winding the rope, the drum 5
Roll over 2 S117: The vicinity of the tip of the new rope is fixed to the chain block fixed to the machine room 45. S119: Cut between the fixed point and the drum 52.
The new rope has a length for winding around the drum 52 from the connection point with the chain block to the distal end side. S121: The drum 52 is rotated in the feeding direction, and the old rope is discharged to the ground side. Next, the fixing between the drum 52 and the old rope is released. S123: Wind a new rope around the drum 52 about three times.
Secure the end of the new rope to drum 52. S125: A new rope is wound around the drum 52 in steps S111 and S113. The operation is performed until a predetermined amount of a new rope is wound around the drum 52. The predetermined amount is a winding amount around the drum 52 when the grab bucket 100 is placed on the ground. S125: Connect the end of the rope on the side of the main trolley 80 to the main trolley 8
Fix to 0. Next, the rope is cut and the chain block is removed.

According to this, since a new rope may be hung from the machine room 45, connection of the old and new ropes can be easily performed.

The sheave block 101 is attached to the cylinder 84 with the pin 84
The rope can be replaced while being fixed by a.

The same applies to the ropes 62, 65, 66.

[0040]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a multipurpose crane in which all the operations of the two types of hanging tools can be performed by using a rope, and the work of replacing the hanging tools can be easily performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a layout view of ropes of a multipurpose crane according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the multipurpose crane of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a machine room showing a connection state of each drum when a hanging tool used is a grab bucket.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a machine room showing a connection state of each drum when a used hanging tool is a container hanging tool.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a fixing portion of the sheave block of the suspending device at rest in the multipurpose crane of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the grab bucket according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a front view of a container hanger and the like according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

51: drum for support, 52: drum for opening and closing, 53, 54
... reduction gears, 55, 56 ... winding drums, 61 ... supporting ropes, 62 ... opening and closing ropes, 65, 66 ... winding ropes, 58, 59, 60, 63, 64 ... clutches,
67, 68: electric motor, 70: traversing drum, 80: main trolley, 85: auxiliary trolley, 100: grab bucket, 10
1, 102, 151 ... sheave block, 150 ... hanging device 150 for containers.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B66C 13/32

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A first rope in which one end of a first hanging member for hanging a long object is removably connected to a first rope, and the first rope is installed with its axis oriented in the width direction of the trolley. A second rope, which is detachably connected to the other end of the first hanging member, and is disposed in a direction of an axis of the first drum toward the width direction. And a third rope removably connected to suspend a grab bucket having a smaller hanging point interval than the first suspending device, wherein the first drum and the first drum are connected to each other. A third drum installed with its axis oriented in the width direction, and a fourth rope detachably connected to suspend the grab bucket, between the second drum and the second drum, Between the first drum and the second drum, the third drum A fourth drum installed with its axis oriented parallel to the core, a first reducer provided between the first drum and the third drum, a second drum and the fourth drum A second reduction gear provided between the first reduction gear and the first reduction gear, a first electric motor installed on one end side in the width direction with respect to the first reduction gear, and a second reduction gear in the width direction with respect to the second reduction gear. A second electric motor installed on the other end side, and a first electric motor connecting the first reduction gear and the second reduction gear.
A second clutch provided between the first reduction gear and the first drum; and a third clutch provided between the first reduction gear and the third drum. A fourth clutch installed between the second reduction gear and the second drum; a fifth clutch installed between the second reduction gear and the fourth drum; The first electric motor, the first clutch, and the second electric motor have substantially the same axis. The output shaft of the first reduction gear, the first drum, and the third The multi-purpose, wherein the axis of the drum is substantially the same, and the output shaft of the second reduction gear, the axis of the second drum, and the axis of the fourth drum are substantially the same. crane.