JP3088644B2 - Immediately deporous concrete molding and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rapidly removable porous concrete molded article which can be used on sidewalks and roads as an interlocking concrete block or the like, and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, porous concrete products such as permeable interlocking concrete blocks and the like have been used as road concrete in addition to cast-in-place porous concrete. Among them, as an immediate deporous concrete product, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-34238 discloses a method in which 100 parts by weight of crushed stone (1.2 to 5 mm) and 15 to 50 parts of cement are used.
A mixed cement composition obtained by mixing parts by weight is charged so as to be 10 to 50% of the total volume of the mold, and then 100 to 100 parts by weight of crushed stone (2.5 to 10 mm) is mixed with cement 15 to 4 parts.
0 parts by weight and 10 to 50 parts by weight of sand are mixed, and the cement composition is charged.
A method for manufacturing a water-permeable interlocking concrete block that applies a compressive force of 20 kgf / cm ² (0.7 to 1.2 MPa), integrally molds two layers, and immediately removes (immediately removes) is disclosed. .

[0003] This permeable interlocking concrete block has been used for a sidewalk or the like. However, if the block is used, drainage of rainwater or the like is improved. Therefore, application to a roadway is being studied along with sales expansion.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 6-192968
A porous concrete compact having a large compressive strength and a high hydraulic conductivity as shown in the above item has been developed. That is, a powder consisting of coarse aggregate, cement and other materials added as needed, and a weight ratio of 0 to 300% with respect to the powder.
Of fine aggregate, water having a weight ratio of 8 to 30% to the powder, and a surfactant having a weight ratio of 1 to 5% to the powder, and a volume ratio of 100% of the coarse aggregate Is 30-50%
Into a mixer and knead the mixture into a state in which the coarse aggregate is coated with a paste made of a material other than the coarse aggregate, and then put the kneaded material composed of unsolidified particles into a mold. Then, a method for producing a porous concrete molded body in which the above-mentioned granules are adhered to each other by applying vibration, cured and hardened, and a porous concrete have been developed.

[0005]

However, the water-permeable interface
-Immediately remove the above port for rocking concrete blocks, etc.
If you try to apply lath concrete products to the road,
5.0 N / mm^TwoThe above bending strength is required. Only
And those disclosed in JP-B-57-34238.
Interlocking concrete block
Porous concrete products such as
If you try to keep it, the bending strength is 4.0N / mm ^TwoBelow and small
It could not be applied to the road because it was too small. Ma
Also, if clogging occurs immediately and water penetration and penetration deteriorate,
There was such a problem.

Further, when the porous concrete molded article disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 6-192967 is applied to an immediate removal product for roads, it is not necessarily 5.0 N / mm in relation to the composition and the pressure vibration molding conditions. A molded product having a bending strength of ² or more and a large water permeability was not obtained.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems Accordingly, the present inventors have:
As a result of diligent research on a rapidly deporated concrete molded body having a bending strength of 5.0 N / mm ² or more and a large water permeability, which can be applied to a roadway, and a method for producing the same, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 6-1992967 is disclosed. In the indicated porous concrete compact, it is sufficient to specify the consistency and the coating thickness of the paste or mortar covering the coarse aggregate, and in addition to this, it is necessary to specify the vibration conditions and pressurizing conditions during molding. And arrived at the present invention.

[0008] More specifically, the instant deporous concrete according to claim 1 is a granule obtained by covering a coarse aggregate with a paste or mortar having a consistency of 150 to 300 mm as a paste flow or mortar flow in an average thickness of 1 to 5 mm. The bending strength at which the body is bonded via the paste or mortar portion is 5.0 to 7.0 N / mm ² and the water permeability is 0.3 to 3.0 cm / sec. In the method for producing a rapidly-demolded porous concrete molded product according to claim 2, a powder mixture containing cement or cement and a weight ratio of 0 to 300% of the cement or the powder mixture to the coarse aggregate are provided. An aggregate, a high-performance water reducing agent having a weight ratio of 0 to 5% to the cement or the powder mixture, and a paste or mortar consistency of 150 or more as paste flow or mortar flow.
The kneading water required to reach ~ 300 mm is put into a mixer so that the volume ratio becomes 30 to 50% with respect to the above-mentioned coarse aggregate, and kneaded and granulated. Independent granules coated with a paste or mortar made of a material other than the coarse aggregate, and the obtained granules are immediately put into a predetermined mold, and the frequency is 3000 to 8
It is characterized by pressurized vibration molding with an external vibration of 000 vpm and a pressure of 1 to 100 kPa, and then curing and curing the molded body immediately removed. According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a road concrete molded body, which is made of a rapidly deporated concrete obtained by the production method according to the first or second aspect. An interlocking concrete block according to a fourth aspect is characterized in that it is made of an immediately deporous concrete molded product obtained by the production method according to the first or second aspect.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
As the coarse aggregate used in the present invention, any material may be used as long as it has a particle size of 2.5 mm or more. For example, lightweight aggregates, natural aggregates, crushed stones and the like can be mentioned.

When the porous concrete molded article of the present invention is a two-layered interlocking concrete block, the coarse aggregate in the surface layer and the base layer may have the same particle size as 2.5 to 5 mm, for example. 1. Coarse aggregate in the surface layer
The coarse aggregate of the base layer portion may have a particle size of 5 to 5 mm, and the coarse aggregate of the base layer portion may be larger than the coarse aggregate of the surface layer portion.

The "powder mixture containing cement" as used in the present invention means a powder mixture comprising cement and other powder materials added as required. Examples of the cement include hydraulic cements such as ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, and white cement.

Other powder materials added as needed in the “powder mixture containing cement” include, for example,
Examples include inorganic powders such as fly ash, blast furnace slag powder, silica fume, limestone powder, and silica stone powder. The proportion of the volume occupied in the powder of these materials is about 0 to 60% by weight of the cement in a divided manner. The addition of these materials can improve the bending strength and the like.

Similarly, in order to improve the bending strength, a paste or mortar to which a polymer is added may be used. As the polymer, ethylene
Thermoplastic resins such as vinyl acetate copolymers and acrylic copolymers are exemplified, and the addition ratio is preferably 20% or less based on cement or a powder mixture containing cement. In addition to these, a coloring material such as redwood used in conventional interlocking blocks, color flat plates, and the like may be added to impart decorativeness. The addition rate is preferably 5% or less.

The amount of the fine aggregate added is 300% or less by weight, usually about 100%, based on the cement or the powder mixture containing the cement. By adding fine aggregate,
Shrinkage due to drying can be suppressed. If the amount of the fine aggregate exceeds 300%, it becomes difficult to coat the mortar on the coarse aggregate, and it becomes impossible to secure a predetermined coating thickness, so that the bending strength is reduced.

When the coarse aggregate has a particle size of 5 mm or more, the fine aggregate has a particle size of less than 5 mm, and the coarse aggregate has a particle size of 2.
In the case of 5 to 5 mm, any particles can be used as long as they have a particle size of less than 2.5 mm. The particle size of the fine aggregate is preferably 2.5 mm or less and 1.5 mm or less, respectively, more preferably 1 mm or less and 0.1 mm or less for coarse aggregate having a particle size of 5 mm or more and 2.5 to 5 mm. 5m
m or less. If the particle size of the fine aggregate is too close to the particle size of the coarse aggregate, it is difficult to coat the mortar on the coarse aggregate, which is not preferable.

Examples of the high-performance water reducing agent include a commonly used high-performance water reducing agent such as Mighty 150 (trade name, manufactured by Kao Corporation), and both liquid and powder can be used. The amount of addition is 0 to 5% by weight relative to cement or a powder mixture containing cement. The addition of a high-performance water reducing agent is effective for granulating with a small amount of water. If the amount of the high-performance water reducing agent is more than 5%, the granules after granulation are bonded to each other, do not become independent granules, and the paste or mortar flows down, so that the water permeability is reduced. Moreover, it leads to an increase in cost and is uneconomical.

The paste or mortar consistency is replaced by the flow value. The range of the flow value for sufficiently coating the coarse aggregate is 150 to 300 mm in both cases of the paste and the mortar. If the paste flow or the mortar flow is less than 150 mm, the paste or the mortar is too hard to granulate to a predetermined thickness, and the bending strength is reduced. When the paste flow or the mortar flow exceeds 300 mm, the granules after granulation are bonded to each other and do not become independent particles, and the paste or the mortar flows down, so that the water permeability decreases.

[0018] The flow value of the paste or mortar is measured by using a flow cone and a push rod described in "JISR5201 (physical test method for cement)" on a table vibrator, and applying the paste to the flow cone according to the flow test method. Alternatively, after filling the mortar and removing the flow cone upward, a vibration having a frequency of 6000 vpm (nominal amplitude: 1 mm) is applied for 30 seconds, and the direction in which the diameter after the paste or mortar has spread is considered to be maximum and perpendicular to this. It is obtained by measuring in various directions and taking the average value.

The amount of kneading water is not limited as long as it is an amount necessary to obtain the above consistency, and varies depending on the type and amount of a high-performance water reducing agent, cement or a powder mixture containing cement or a polymer. . Approximately 15 to 25% of the cement or powder mixture containing the cement.

The volume ratio of paste or mortar to coarse aggregate is 30-50%. If it is less than 30%, it will be difficult to cover to a predetermined thickness, and the bending strength will be small. 5
If it exceeds 0%, the granules after the granulation are bonded to each other, do not become independent granules, and the paste or mortar flows down, so that the water permeability is reduced. Further, it is not preferable because the paste or mortar may exceed a predetermined thickness.

The thickness of the paste or mortar layer coated on the surface of the coarse aggregate is 1 to 5 mm. If it is less than 1 mm, the bending strength will be small. On the other hand, if it exceeds 5 mm, the gap becomes small and the water permeability decreases.

The pressure applied in the molding is such that the pressure applied to the concrete surface is 1 to 100 kPa. When the pressing force is less than 1 kPa, sufficient compaction cannot be performed, and the bending strength is reduced. If the applied pressure exceeds 100 kPa, not only the gap becomes smaller and the water permeability becomes smaller,
This causes the weak parts of the aggregate to collapse.

As the vibration condition, the frequency of the external vibration is preferably 3000 to 8000 vpm. Frequency 3
When it is less than 000 vpm, sufficient compaction cannot be performed, and the bending strength is reduced. Vibration frequency 8000
If it exceeds vpm, the paste or mortar will run off, and the water permeability will be low. The vibration time is
Although it varies slightly depending on the frequency, it is about 3 to 30 seconds.

The mixer used for kneading may be of any type used for kneading ordinary concrete, for example, an omni-type mixer, a pan-type mixer, a twin-screw mixer, or the like.

The method of kneading is not particularly limited, but generally, the granulation is carried out by putting the materials together into a mixer and kneading the mixture for 1 minute or more. Granulation can also be achieved by charging materials other than coarse aggregate into a mixer to pre-knead the paste, then charging coarse aggregate and kneading for 1 minute or more.

The obtained granules are put into a mold and subjected to sufficient pressure vibration and compaction by pressure and external vibration. For the pressurization, a hydraulic or pneumatic pressurizing device or the like can be used. For the external vibration, a vibrator or a table vibrator that can be attached to the mold can be used.

In the case of a molded article having a surface layer and a base layer, such as a two-layer interlocking concrete block, the granules of the base layer or the surface layer are charged into a mold and the surface is smoothed. Then, the granules of the surface layer or the base layer are further poured into the mold and pressurized and compacted by pressurization and external vibration, or the granules of the base layer or the surface layer are molded. After placing it in the frame and compacting it by pressurization and external vibration, press the granules on the surface layer or base layer further into the mold and pressurize and vibrate by pressurization and external vibration What is necessary is just to harden. In this case, the surface layer preferably has a volume of 5 to 15% of the whole.

Mass removal is possible by immediately removing after compaction by vibration. Curing of the molded article removed from the mold may be normal steam curing or wet-air curing, and is not particularly limited. The concrete molded article for roads referred to in the present invention is a concrete secondary product for roads, and is, for example, an interlocking concrete block flat plate, a sound absorbing wall, a greening wall, a precast pavement board, or the like.

[0029]

The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. Examples 1 to 17, Comparative Examples 1 to 11 Concrete materials The following materials were used. Cement: Asano ordinary Portland cement manufactured by Nippon Cement Co., Ltd. Blast furnace slag powder: Fine cement manufactured by Daiichi Cement Co., Ltd. High performance water reducing agent: Mighty 150 manufactured by Kao Co., Ltd. Fine aggregate: Silica sand No. 4 manufactured by Nippon Cement Co., Ltd. (particle size) Polymer: Lipotex N200 (solid content: 45%) manufactured by Lion Corporation Crushed stone coarse aggregate: Crushed stone No. 5 (13 to 20 mm) manufactured by Okutama Industry Co., Ltd. 〃 Crushed stone No. 7 (2.5 to 0.8 mm) 5mm) Coloring material: Vengara manufactured by IEL Corporation

II. Blending and Kneading The above-listed materials were added to the pan-type mixer (0.1 m ³ ) in a mixing ratio shown in Table 1 except for the coarse aggregate, and were kneaded for 2 minutes. Using a flow cone and a push rod described in “JIS R5201 (physical test method for cement)” on a table vibrator, fill the flow cone with mortar according to the flow test method, and place the flow cone on the upper side. After the removal, a vibration having a frequency of 6000 vpm was applied for 30 seconds, and the mortar was measured in a direction in which the diameter after the mortar spread was the largest and in a direction perpendicular thereto, and the average value was taken as the mortar flow.
Thereafter, coarse aggregate was charged and kneaded for 1 minute to obtain granules. In addition, after kneading, the thickness of the mortar layer was measured with a vernier caliper for 10 granules coated with mortar, and the average value was defined as the mortar coating thickness.

[0031]

[Table 1]

[Table 2]

III. Molding and Curing After the above granules are put into a predetermined mold, a horizontal multi-purpose molding machine (manufactured by Goyo Koki Co., Ltd.) is used and the molding conditions shown in Table 2 are 10 × 20. × Immediately removable block having a height of 8 cm was prepared, covered with a vinyl sheet, and cured at 20 ° C. for 7 days.

IV. Bending Strength and Permeability Coefficient Test After curing, the bending strength is determined according to “Interlocking Block Pavement Design and Construction Procedure 8-1 Bending Strength Test”, and “Interlocking Block Pavement Design and Construction Procedure 8-3 Permeability test”. The hydraulic conductivity was measured according to the above. Table 3 shows the results.

[0034]

[Table 3]

Examples 1 to 4 were evaluated by changing the range of the mortar flow.
In the range of 50 to 300 mm, the bending strength and the water permeability were large. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 1, the one with a small mortar flow of 135 mm had a mortar coating thickness of less than 1 mm and a low bending strength. Further, as shown in Comparative Example 2, the one having a large mortar flow of 320 mm had a small water permeability.

Examples 5 to 6 were evaluated by changing the amount of fine aggregate, but when the weight ratio to the powder mixture specified in the present invention was in the range of 0 to 300%, the bending strength and The permeability was large. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 3, when the weight ratio of the fine aggregate to the powder mixture was large, the mortar coating thickness was smaller than 1 mm and the bending strength was small.

Examples 7 and 8 were evaluated by changing the amount of the high-performance water reducing agent added, but when the weight ratio to the cement or powder mixture specified in the present invention was in the range of 0 to 5%. , Bending strength and water permeability were large. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 4, when the amount of the high performance water reducing agent added was large, the bending strength and the water permeability were small.

Examples 9 to 10 were evaluated by changing the volume ratio of mortar to coarse aggregate, but within the range of 30 to 50% specified in the present invention, the bending strength and the water permeability were large. Was. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 5, when the mortar had a volume ratio of less than 30%, the mortar coating thickness was smaller than 1 mm, and the bending strength was small. Further, as shown in Comparative Examples 6 and 7, those having a mortar volume ratio exceeding 50% had a small water permeability. In Comparative Example 7 in which the mortar coating thickness exceeded 5 mm, the water permeability was particularly small.

In Example 11, evaluation was performed by changing the type of coarse aggregate. As in Examples 1 to 10, the bending strength and the water permeability were large. Example 12 was obtained by adding an acrylic copolymer resin as a polymer to mortar, but had high flexural strength and water permeability similarly to Examples 1 to 11.

In Examples 13 and 14, evaluations were made while changing the vibration frequency during molding.
In the range of the frequency of 00 to 8000 vpm, the bending strength and the water permeability were large. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 8, those having a frequency of less than 3000 vpm had low bending strength. Further, as shown in Comparative Example 9, the frequency was 800
Those exceeding 0 vpm had low hydraulic conductivity.

In Examples 15 and 16, the evaluation was performed while changing the pressing force at the time of molding.
In the range of Pa to 100 kPa, the bending strength and the water permeability were large. On the other hand, as shown in Comparative Example 10, when the pressing force was less than 1 kPa, the bending strength was small. In addition, as shown in Comparative Example 11, when the pressing force exceeded 100 kPa, the water permeability was small.

Example 17 is an evaluation of a two-layer block in which the surface layer is colored with red iron oxide. In the molding, the granules of the base layer were charged into the mold, and after the surface was leveled, the granules of the surface layer were further charged into the mold, and were added under the conditions shown in Table 2. Pressure vibration compaction was performed. In addition, the surface layer portion had a volume of 10% of the whole. Example 17 also had high bending strength and water permeability.

[0043]

Industrial Applicability The instantly deporous concrete molded product according to the present invention has a large bending strength (5.0 to 7.0).
N / mm ² ), when used as a water-permeable interlocking concrete block or a water-permeable concrete plate, it can be applied to a roadway that could not be used conventionally. In addition, since the water permeability is large, it is difficult to clog, and it is possible to prevent problems such as a decrease in water penetration and permeability.
Can create a well drained road.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Usui 1-2-23 Kiyosumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo Inside Japan Central Research Institute (72) Inventor Takuaki Shirosho 1-6 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo -1 Japan Cement Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takeshi Takada 1-6-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Japan Cement Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-62-21770 (JP, A) JP-A-62 -241882 (JP, A) JP-A-3-252375 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C04B 38/00 302 B28B 1/50 C04B 28/02 C04B 111: 40

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A granule obtained by coating a coarse aggregate with a paste or mortar having a consistency of 150 to 300 mm as a paste flow or a mortar flow to an average thickness of 1 to 5 mm is bonded through the paste or mortar portion. A rapidly demolded porous concrete body having a bending strength of 5.0 to 7.0 N / mm ² and a water permeability of 0.3 to 3.0 cm / sec. 2. A powder mixture containing cement or cement, a fine aggregate having a weight ratio of 0 to 300% with respect to the cement or the powder mixture, and a cement or the powder mixture with respect to the coarse aggregate. A high-performance water reducing agent having a weight ratio of 0 to 5% and a paste or mortar consistency of 150 to 150% as a paste flow or a mortar flow.
The kneading water required to reach 300 mm is mixed with the coarse aggregate 1
The mixture is put into a mixer so as to have a volume ratio of 30 to 50% with respect to 00%, kneaded and granulated, and the coarse aggregate is coated with a paste or mortar made of a material other than the coarse aggregate. After the obtained granules are immediately put into a predetermined mold, the frequency is 3000 to 80.
A method for producing an immediately-removable porous concrete molded body, which is subjected to pressurized vibration molding with an external vibration of 00 vpm and a pressure of 1 to 100 kPa, and then curing and curing the immediately-removed molded body. 3. A concrete molded article for roads, comprising a rapidly removable porous concrete molded article obtained by the production method according to claim 1. 4. An interlocking concrete block comprising a rapidly deporated concrete molded product obtained by the production method according to claim 1.