JP4313468B2 - Method for producing porous concrete molded body - Google Patents
Method for producing porous concrete molded body Download PDFInfo
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- JP4313468B2 JP4313468B2 JP18241399A JP18241399A JP4313468B2 JP 4313468 B2 JP4313468 B2 JP 4313468B2 JP 18241399 A JP18241399 A JP 18241399A JP 18241399 A JP18241399 A JP 18241399A JP 4313468 B2 JP4313468 B2 JP 4313468B2
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- porous concrete
- molded body
- concrete molded
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0067—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability making use of vibrations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
- C04B20/1077—Cements, e.g. waterglass
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ポーラスコンクリート成形体の製造方法に関し、特に、同じ配合のポーラスコンクリートにおいて、曲げ強度を損なわずに透水係数を向上させることができるポーラスコンクリート成形体の製造方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ポーラスコンクリートブロックは、雨水等の水はけが良くなることやその優れた吸音性から、歩道や駐車場の他、車道に適用することが検討されている。
これまでに、例えば、特開平9-87053号に開示されているように、高い曲げ強度と大きな透水性を有し、車道へも適用することができる即脱ポーラスコンクリート成形体が開発されている。
前記特開平9-87053号に開示されているポーラスコンクリート成形体は、曲げ強度が大きく（5.0〜7.0N/mm2）、また、透水係数も大きい（0.3〜3.0cm/sec）ものである。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、ポーラスコンクリート成形体を車道等に適用した場合、供用の進行に伴って、該ポーラスコンクリート成形体の空隙が詰まり、透水性等の効果は徐々に低下していく。そのため、透水性等の機能を回復させるために、一定期間毎にメンテナンスが必要となる。このメンテナンスを必要とするまでの期間は、透水係数が大きいポーラスコンクリート成形体である程、長くすることができるものである。
【０００４】
また、上記メンテナンスを行っている間は、道路は閉鎖する必要がある。
ちなみに、上記メンテナンスは、高圧水をポーラスコンクリートブロックに吹き付けて、浮上した空隙中の詰まり物質と洗浄水を吸引することで、一般に行われている。そのため、透水係数が大きいポーラスコンクリート成形体である程、１回のメンテナンスに要する時間も短くすることができ、早期の交通開放を可能とすることができるものである。
【０００５】
そのため、同じ配合のポーラスコンクリートにおいて、曲げ強度は損なわずに透水係数を向上させることができるような成形体の製造方法が求められていた。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、上記課題を解決するために、ポーラスコンクリート成形体の製造方法について鋭意研究した結果、底板上に厚さ2〜10mmの弾性を有するシートを設置した型枠を用いてポーラスコンクリートを成形すれば良いとの知見を得、本発明に到達した。
【０００７】
即ち、本発明は、型枠の底板上に厚さ2〜10mmの弾性を有するシートを設置し、その上に、粗骨材に未硬化のペースト又はモルタルが被覆した状態の互いに独立した粒体を投入し、振動数が3000〜8000vpmの外部振動で振動成形し、80℃以下で養生して硬化させるポーラスコンクリート成形体の製造方法であって、弾性を有するシートがポリウレタンシートであるポーラスコンクリート成形体の製造方法（請求項１）である。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
本発明では、まず、型枠の底板上に厚さ2〜10mmの弾性を有するシートを設置し、その上に、粗骨材に未硬化のペースト又はモルタルが被覆した状態の互いに独立した粒体（以降、「ペースト又はモルタル被覆粒体」と称す）を投入し、振動数が3000〜8000vpmの外部振動で振動成形する。
ここで、粗骨材に未硬化のペースト又はモルタルが被覆された状態の互いに独立した粒体を調製する方法は、特に限定するものではなく、例えば、粗骨材に対し、セメント又はセメントを含む粉体混合物と、該セメント又はセメントを含む粉体混合物に対する重量比が0〜300％の細骨材と、該セメント又はセメントを含む粉体混合物に対する重量比が0〜5.0％の高性能減水剤又は高性能ＡＥ減水剤と、該セメント又はセメントを含む粉体混合物に対する重量比が16〜28％の水とを、該粗骨材100％に対して容積比が30〜80％となるようにミキサーに投入して混練し、造粒する方法（なお、セメントを含む粉体混合物とは、普通、早強、中庸熱、低熱ポルトランドセメント等のポルトランドセメントや、ホワイトセメント、アルミナセメントに、高炉スラグ粉末、フライアッシュ、石灰石粉、珪石粉、シリカヒューム等の無機質粉末を添加してなるものをいう）や、
セメントコンクリート1m3当たり、300〜400kgのポルトランドセメントと、該セメント1重量部に対して0.005〜0.01重量部のバインダー（天然又は合成のゴム、アクリル系樹脂又はエポキシ系樹脂等）と0.35〜0.45重量部の水、及び残部の骨材からなる配合割合で構成されるセメントコンクリートを混練、造粒する方法等が挙げられる。
混練に用いるミキサーは、通常のコンクリートの混練に用いられるどのタイプのものでもよく、例えば、オムニタイプミキサー、パンタイプミキサー、二軸ミキサー等が用いられる。混練方法は、一般には、材料を一括してミキサーに投入して1分以上混練することにより造粒する。
【０００９】
本発明において、弾性を有するシートとは、ポーラスコンクリートの成形時においては、ペースト又はモルタル被覆粒体が接触している部分で若干変形（へこむ）し、ポーラスコンクリートを脱型した後には、変形（へこみ）がなくなる作用を有するシートである。
本発明において弾性を有するシートとしては、コスト、洗浄のし易さ、何回でも使用できること等からポリウレタンシートを用いることが好ましい。ポリウレタンシートは市販品を使用することができ、使用する型枠の底板の形状や大きさに合わせておくことが好ましい。また、ポリウレタンシートを数枚重ねることによって厚さを調節することができる。
弾性を有するシートの厚さが2mm未満では、曲げ強度を損なわずに透水係数を向上させることは困難である。弾性を有するシートの厚さが10mmを超えると、ポーラスコンクリート表面に大きな凹凸が形成され、車道等に適用した場合、供用性が低下するので好ましくない。
弾性を有するシートの厚さは、透水係数や供用性等から、3〜7mmが好ましい。
【００１０】
成形は、振動数が3000〜8000vpmの外部振動で振動成形する。
振動数が3000vpm未満では、十分な締め固めを行うことができず、ポーラスコンクリートの強度が小さくなり好ましくない。振動数が8000vpmを超えると、ペースト又はモルタルの流れ落ちが起こりやすく、透水係数が極端に小さくなり好ましくない。
外部振動は、テーブルバイブレーターや型枠に取り付け可能な振動機等を使用することができる。振動時間は、おおよそ10〜30秒である。
【００１１】
また、振動成形時に、1〜100kPaの圧力を加えることは、振動時間を短縮でき好ましいものである。加圧には、油圧式あるいは空気圧式の加圧装置等を使用することができる。
【００１２】
成形後、80℃以下で養生して、ポーラスコンクリート成形体を製造する。
養生は、80℃以下であれば、通常の蒸気養生や湿空養生を行えば良く、特に限定するものではない。養生温度が80℃を超えた場合、弾性を有するシートが溶けてポーラスコンクリート表面に付着して、透水係数が低下することがある。
【００１３】
なお、本発明のポーラスコンクリート成形体の製造方法においては、ポーラスコンクリート成形体表面（成形時に、弾性を有するシートに面していた面）に、微妙な凹凸（高さ1〜3mm程度）を形成することができ、該ポーラスコンクリート成形体を車道等に適用した場合、すべり抵抗性を向上させることができる、という効果も得られるものである。
【００１４】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を説明する。
２．ポーラスコンクリートの配合及び混練
前記材料を使用し、表１に示す配合にしたがって２軸強制練りミキサー（0.1m3）に各材料を一括投入し、４分間混練し、粗骨材に未硬化のペースト又はモルタルが被覆された状態の互いに独立した粒体（ペースト又はモルタル被覆粒体）を得た。
【００１６】
【表１】
３．ポーラスコンクリートの成形
底板上に厚さ5mmのポリウレタンシートを設置した型枠に、上記各ペースト又はモルタル被覆粒体を投入し、テーブルバイブレーターで振動成形（振動数6000vpm×30秒）した。成形後、ビニールシートで覆い、7日間、20℃にて湿空養生を行った。
なお、比較として、ポリウレタンシートを設置しない型枠も用いて成形した。
【００１８】
４．評価
（１）ポーラスコンクリート成形体の曲げ強度
「インターロッキングブロック舗装設計施工要領 8-1 曲げ強度試験」に準じて曲げ強度を測定した。
（２）ポーラスコンクリート成形体の透水係数
「インターロッキングブロック舗装設計施工要領 8-3 透水性試験」に準じて透水係数を測定した。
（３）滑り抵抗性
「ASTM E303」に準じて測定した。
それらの結果を表２に示す。
【００１９】
【表２】
表２から、厚さが5mmのポリウレタンシートを底板上に設置した型枠内に、ペースト又はモルタル被覆粒体を投入して振動成形したポーラスコンクリート成形体では、ポリウレタンシートを使用しなかった場合に比べて、曲げ強度を損なわずに透水係数を2〜4割程度向上させることができることがわかる。
また、ポリウレタンシートを底板上に設置した型枠を使用することによって、滑り抵抗性も大きくなることがわかる。
【００２１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明のポーラスコンクリート成形体の製造方法では、底板上に厚さ2〜10mmの弾性を有するシートを設置した型枠を用いるという簡単な方法によって、同じ配合のポーラスコンクリートでも、曲げ強度を損なわずに透水係数を2〜4割程度向上させることができる、という優れた効果が得られる。
そのため、本発明の製造方法で得られたポーラスコンクリート成形体を車道等に適用した場合、透水性等の機能を回復させるためのメンテナンスを必要とするまでの期間を長くすることができる。また、１回のメンテナンスに要する時間も短くすることができ、早期の交通開放を可能とすることができる。
また、本発明のポーラスコンクリート成形体の製造方法では、滑り抵抗性を大きくすることができる、という優れた効果も得られる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a porous concrete molded body, and more particularly to a method for producing a porous concrete molded body that can improve the water permeability without impairing bending strength in porous concrete having the same composition.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Porous concrete blocks are considered to be applied to roadways as well as sidewalks and parking lots because of the good drainage of rainwater and the like and their excellent sound absorption.
So far, for example, as disclosed in JP-A-9-87053, an instantly deporous concrete molded body that has high bending strength and high water permeability and can be applied to a roadway has been developed. .
The porous concrete molded body disclosed in JP-A-9-87053 has a high bending strength (5.0 to 7.0 N / mm 2 ) and a high water permeability (0.3 to 3.0 cm / sec).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the porous concrete molded body is applied to a roadway or the like, as the service progresses, the voids of the porous concrete molded body are clogged, and the effects such as water permeability gradually decrease. Therefore, in order to recover functions such as water permeability, maintenance is required at regular intervals. The period until this maintenance is required can be made longer as the porous concrete molded body has a larger water permeability coefficient.
[0004]
Moreover, the road needs to be closed during the maintenance.
Incidentally, the maintenance is generally performed by spraying high-pressure water onto the porous concrete block and sucking the clogging substance and the washing water in the air gap that has floated up. Therefore, as the porous concrete molded body has a larger water permeability coefficient, the time required for one maintenance can be shortened and traffic can be opened early.
[0005]
Therefore, there has been a demand for a method for producing a molded body that can improve the water permeability without sacrificing bending strength in porous concrete having the same composition.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have intensively studied a method for producing a porous concrete molded body. As a result, porous concrete is formed using a mold having a sheet having elasticity of 2 to 10 mm on the bottom plate. As a result, the inventors have obtained the knowledge that it is sufficient to mold the resin and have reached the present invention.
[0007]
That is, the present invention is a method in which an elastic sheet having a thickness of 2 to 10 mm is installed on a bottom plate of a formwork, and a coarse aggregate is coated with an uncured paste or mortar on the coarse aggregate. Is a method for producing a porous concrete molded body which is molded by vibration with external vibration of a frequency of 3000 to 8000 vpm and cured by curing at 80 ° C. or lower, wherein the elastic concrete sheet is a polyurethane sheet. A method for manufacturing a body (claim 1).
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
In the present invention, first, an elastic sheet having a thickness of 2 to 10 mm is placed on the bottom plate of the formwork, and then the granules independent of each other in a state where the coarse aggregate is coated with uncured paste or mortar. (Hereinafter, referred to as “paste or mortar-coated granules”) is added, and vibration molding is performed with external vibration having a frequency of 3000 to 8000 vpm.
Here, the method for preparing the granules independent of each other in a state where the coarse aggregate is coated with the uncured paste or mortar is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, cement or cement with respect to the coarse aggregate. Fine powder having a weight ratio of 0 to 300% with respect to the cement or the powder mixture containing cement, and a high-performance water reducing agent having a weight ratio of 0 to 5.0% with respect to the powder mixture containing the cement or cement Alternatively, a high-performance AE water reducing agent and water having a weight ratio of 16 to 28% with respect to the cement or the powder mixture containing cement so that the volume ratio is 30 to 80% with respect to 100% of the coarse aggregate. A method of mixing into a mixer, kneading, and granulating (Note that a powder mixture containing cement is usually used for Portland cement such as normal strength, medium strength heat, low heat Portland cement, white cement, alumina cement, blast furnace Rag powder, fly ash, limestone powder, silica powder, silica fume and other inorganic powders)
300 to 400 kg of Portland cement per 1 m 3 of cement concrete, 0.005 to 0.01 parts by weight of binder (natural or synthetic rubber, acrylic resin or epoxy resin, etc.) and 0.35 to 0.45 weights per 1 part of the cement Examples thereof include a method of kneading and granulating cement concrete composed of a mixing ratio composed of part of water and the remaining aggregate.
The mixer used for kneading may be of any type used for ordinary concrete kneading, for example, an omni-type mixer, a pan-type mixer, a biaxial mixer, or the like. In general, the kneading method involves granulating by putting the materials all at once into a mixer and kneading for 1 minute or longer.
[0009]
In the present invention, the elastic sheet is slightly deformed (dented) at the portion where the paste or mortar-covered granules are in contact with the porous concrete during molding, and is deformed after the porous concrete is demolded ( It is a sheet having an effect of eliminating dents.
As the sheet having elasticity in the present invention, it is preferable to use a polyurethane sheet because of cost, ease of washing, and the ability to use it any number of times. A commercially available product can be used as the polyurethane sheet, and it is preferable to match the shape and size of the bottom plate of the formwork to be used. Further, the thickness can be adjusted by stacking several polyurethane sheets.
When the thickness of the elastic sheet is less than 2 mm, it is difficult to improve the water permeability without impairing the bending strength. When the thickness of the elastic sheet exceeds 10 mm, large irregularities are formed on the surface of the porous concrete, and when applied to a roadway or the like, the serviceability is lowered, which is not preferable.
The thickness of the elastic sheet is preferably 3 to 7 mm from the viewpoint of water permeability coefficient, serviceability, and the like.
[0010]
The molding is performed by external vibration with a frequency of 3000 to 8000 vpm.
If the frequency is less than 3000 vpm, sufficient compaction cannot be performed, and the strength of the porous concrete is reduced, which is not preferable. When the frequency exceeds 8000 vpm, the paste or mortar tends to flow down, and the water permeability becomes extremely small, which is not preferable.
For the external vibration, a table vibrator or a vibrator that can be attached to a formwork can be used. The vibration time is approximately 10-30 seconds.
[0011]
Moreover, it is preferable to apply a pressure of 1 to 100 kPa at the time of vibration molding because the vibration time can be shortened. For pressurization, a hydraulic or pneumatic pressurizer or the like can be used.
[0012]
After molding, it is cured at 80 ° C. or lower to produce a porous concrete molded body.
The curing is not particularly limited as long as it is 80 ° C. or less, and normal steam curing or wet air curing may be performed. When the curing temperature exceeds 80 ° C., the elastic sheet melts and adheres to the surface of the porous concrete, and the water permeability may decrease.
[0013]
In the method for producing a porous concrete molded body of the present invention, fine irregularities (height of about 1 to 3 mm) are formed on the surface of the porous concrete molded body (the surface facing the elastic sheet at the time of molding). When the porous concrete molded body is applied to a roadway or the like, it is possible to improve the slip resistance.
[0014]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by way of examples.
2. Blending and kneading of porous concrete Using the above materials, according to the blending shown in Table 1, each material was put into a biaxial forced kneading mixer (0.1m 3 ), kneaded for 4 minutes, and uncured paste on coarse aggregate Or the mutually independent granule (paste or mortar covering granule) in the state where mortar was covered was obtained.
[0016]
[Table 1]
3. Each paste or mortar-coated granule was placed in a mold having a 5 mm-thick polyurethane sheet placed on a porous concrete molding bottom plate, and subjected to vibration molding (frequency 6000 vpm × 30 seconds) with a table vibrator. After molding, it was covered with a vinyl sheet and cured for 7 days at 20 ° C.
For comparison, molding was also performed using a mold without a polyurethane sheet.
[0018]
4). Evaluation (1) Bending strength of porous concrete molded body The bending strength was measured according to “Interlocking Block Pavement Design and Construction Procedure 8-1 Bending Strength Test”.
(2) Permeability coefficient of porous concrete molded body The permeability coefficient was measured according to “Interlocking Block Pavement Design and Construction Procedure 8-3 Permeability Test”.
(3) Slip resistance Measured according to “ASTM E303”.
The results are shown in Table 2.
[0019]
[Table 2]
From Table 2, when the polyurethane sheet is not used in the porous concrete molded body in which the paste or mortar coated granule is put into the mold with the 5mm thick polyurethane sheet placed on the bottom plate In comparison, it can be seen that the water permeability can be improved by about 20 to 40% without impairing the bending strength.
Moreover, it turns out that slip resistance becomes large by using the formwork which installed the polyurethane sheet on the baseplate.
[0021]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the method for producing a porous concrete molded body according to the present invention, even a porous concrete having the same composition can be obtained by a simple method of using a mold having a sheet having elasticity of 2 to 10 mm on a bottom plate. In addition, an excellent effect is obtained that the water permeability can be improved by about 20 to 40% without impairing the bending strength.
Therefore, when the porous concrete molded body obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention is applied to a roadway or the like, it is possible to lengthen the period until maintenance is required to restore functions such as water permeability. In addition, the time required for one maintenance can be shortened, and early traffic opening can be achieved.
Moreover, in the manufacturing method of the porous concrete molded object of this invention, the outstanding effect that slip resistance can be enlarged is also acquired.
Claims (1)
弾性を有するシートがポリウレタンシートであることを特徴とするポーラスコンクリート成形体の製造方法。An elastic sheet with a thickness of 2 to 10 mm is placed on the bottom plate of the formwork, and then the independent aggregates in a state where the coarse aggregate is coated with uncured paste or mortar are put on the sheet, and the vibration frequency Is a method for producing a porous concrete molded body that is molded by vibration with external vibration of 3000 to 8000 vpm, cured at 80 ° C. or less, and cured.
A method for producing a porous concrete molded body, wherein the elastic sheet is a polyurethane sheet .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18241399A JP4313468B2 (en) | 1999-06-28 | 1999-06-28 | Method for producing porous concrete molded body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP18241399A JP4313468B2 (en) | 1999-06-28 | 1999-06-28 | Method for producing porous concrete molded body |
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| JP2001019568A JP2001019568A (en) | 2001-01-23 |
| JP4313468B2 true JP4313468B2 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
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| JP18241399A Expired - Fee Related JP4313468B2 (en) | 1999-06-28 | 1999-06-28 | Method for producing porous concrete molded body |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101913014B (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2013-04-03 | 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 | Welding method of stainless steel composite board |
| CN102275030B (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2014-03-26 | 上海第一机床厂有限公司 | Butt welding method of austenitic stainless steel and nickel-based alloy |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002226254A (en) * | 2001-01-25 | 2002-08-14 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Quick hardening type water permeable concrete |
| KR100591556B1 (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2006-06-20 | 한국투수개발 주식회사 | A seepage block and method making it |
| JP5647861B2 (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2015-01-07 | 大成建設株式会社 | Form for producing porous concrete, method for producing porous concrete, and method for producing a concrete member having a porous region |
-
1999
- 1999-06-28 JP JP18241399A patent/JP4313468B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101913014B (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2013-04-03 | 中国华冶科工集团有限公司 | Welding method of stainless steel composite board |
| CN102275030B (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2014-03-26 | 上海第一机床厂有限公司 | Butt welding method of austenitic stainless steel and nickel-based alloy |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2001019568A (en) | 2001-01-23 |
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