JP3055749B2 - Automotive braking and auxiliary power units - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention is applied to a hybrid vehicle having an internal combustion engine and an electric power unit. According to the present invention, mechanical energy generated by braking of an automobile whose main power is an internal combustion engine is converted into electrical energy and stored in a large power storage means (secondary battery or electrostatic capacity) to accelerate the internal combustion engine. Sometimes, the stored electrical energy is supplied to an auxiliary acceleration device and used for a device that generates mechanical energy.

[0002] The present invention relates to WO 88/061.
No. 07 (International Application No. PCT / JP88 / 00157), which relates to an improvement in the electric braking and auxiliary acceleration device for a motor vehicle. The present invention is a device suitable for mounting on a vehicle equipped with an auxiliary acceleration and auxiliary braking device sold by the present applicant under the name of HIMR.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art A rotary shaft of a cage-type polyphase induction machine is directly connected to a rotary shaft of an internal combustion engine, which is a main power source of an automobile, and the cage-type polyphase induction machine is used as auxiliary power by being set as an electric motor. A device is known in which the cage-type polyphase induction machine is set as a generator to operate as a brake. That is, when a rotating magnetic field having a rotation speed exceeding the actual rotation speed of the rotor is given to the cage-shaped polyphase induction machine, the cage-shaped polyphase induction machine operates as an electric motor and generates a rotating magnetic field having a rotation speed lower than the actual rotation speed. When given, the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine operates as a motor. Then, a large DC storage battery (or capacitance) is mounted on the car, and when the cage type polyphase induction machine operates as a motor, energy is extracted from this storage battery and converted to AC to convert it into a cage type polyphase induction machine. Supply,
When operating as a generator, an inverter circuit is provided for rectifying the output AC power of the cage-type polyphase induction motor and regenerating it into a storage battery. The inverter circuit is controlled by a program control circuit that receives operation information, the rotational speed of the cage-type polyphase induction machine, and other information.

[0004] The applicant of the present application has proposed such an automobile as a HIM.
It is manufactured and sold under the name of R, and has been continuously tested on vehicles of regular buses for routes, automobiles running on mountain roads where environmental protection is prioritized, and the like.

[0005] As a result of tests, many improvements have been made to the above-mentioned apparatus, and the mode in which the cage-type polyphase induction machine is used as a generator has two modes, a regenerative mode and a power generation mode. . That is, the regenerative mode is a mode in which a squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine is used as a generator to convert kinetic energy into electric energy and recharge the storage battery when the vehicle is braked and decelerated. The power generation mode uses a squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine as a generator when the vehicle is running normally or when the vehicle is stopped and the internal combustion engine is idling when the storage amount of the storage battery is insufficient. In this mode, charging is performed forcibly.

If the regenerative mode and the auxiliary acceleration mode are repeatedly and effectively used, the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine can be reduced and economical operation can be performed. However, if the auxiliary acceleration mode is frequently used and the regenerative mode is not used depending on the driving state, the storage amount of the storage battery gradually decreases. For this reason, when the storage amount of the storage battery becomes smaller than a certain limit, the power generation mode is automatically set without operation in order to recover this, and when the vehicle is in a steady running or stopped idling state. Then, the storage battery is charged by the rotational energy of the internal combustion engine by operating the cage-type polyphase induction machine as a generator. Since this consumes fuel, it is better not to use the power generation mode as much as possible for economical operation.

The power generation mode is set when the auxiliary acceleration mode and the regeneration mode are not set. In addition, the power generation mode monitors the amount of power stored in the storage battery, and is set when the amount of stored power falls below a predetermined value. The storage amount of the storage battery is estimated based on the terminal voltage of the storage battery in principle. More specifically, when a corresponding load is connected to the storage battery, for example, in the auxiliary acceleration mode, or when there is almost no current flowing in or out of the storage battery, the resistor is temporarily temporarily measured only for a short time to measure the storage amount. Is connected to measure the terminal voltage.

In the conventional apparatus, a fixed value is used as the predetermined value of the charged amount. That is, even when the vehicle is stopped and the internal combustion engine is in an idling state, or when the vehicle is running and the internal combustion engine is rotating at a high speed, the predetermined amount of power storage for setting the power generation mode is determined. The values were constant.

[0009]

As described above, in the power generation mode, when the amount of power stored in the storage battery falls below a predetermined value and becomes insufficient, the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine is set as a generator to charge the storage battery. In this mode, the internal combustion engine consumes fuel to charge the storage battery in the power generation mode. In order to extract the same power generation current in the power generation mode, there is a large difference in the amount of fuel consumed when the internal combustion engine is rotating at a low speed in an idling state and when the internal combustion engine is rotating at a high speed. When the vehicle is stopped and the internal combustion engine is idling, when the power generation mode is set, a large amount of fuel is supplied and the idling rotational speed is maintained, but the internal combustion engine is rotating at high speed while the vehicle is running In some cases, even when the operation is performed in an efficient region of the internal combustion engine and the power generation mode is set, the amount of fuel that is additionally supplied for power generation is small.

The present invention focuses on such an event, and an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of economically operating the fuel consumption of an internal combustion engine in a power generation mode and performing efficient fuel consumption operation. .

[0011]

According to the present invention, mechanical energy generated by braking an automobile having an internal combustion engine as a main power is converted into electrical energy and stored in a large power storage means.
It relates to a device for generating mechanical energy by supplying electric energy stored when accelerating an internal combustion engine to an auxiliary accelerator, and a squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine connected to a rotating shaft of the internal combustion engine, Power storage means, an inverter circuit for bidirectionally converting and coupling electric energy between a polyphase AC circuit of the cage-type polyphase induction machine and a DC circuit of the power storage means,
A control circuit for controlling the inverter circuit, the control circuit comprising: an auxiliary acceleration mode in which the cage type polyphase induction motor is used as an electric motor; And a power generation mode for charging the storage means with the driving force of the internal combustion engine using the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine as a generator when the amount of charge of the storage means falls below a predetermined value. In the braking and auxiliary power device of the above, the control circuit, the predetermined value is set as a function of the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine,
The function is characterized in that when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is low, the value of the charged amount is small, and when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is high, the value of the charged amount is large.

The charge amount is monitored by a terminal voltage when a corresponding load is connected to the charge means, and the function has a value corresponding to the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine as an address, and a value corresponding to the charge amount is stored at the address. It is preferable that the control circuit sets the power generation mode by referring to the value of the memory according to the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine.

[0013]

In general, the internal combustion engine has a small mechanical output with respect to the fuel consumption at the time of low speed rotation, and has a large mechanical output with respect to the fuel consumption at the time of high speed rotation. More specifically, in a diesel engine, the rotational speed is approximately 1500 to 5000 rpm.
It is designed so that the mechanical output is large with respect to the fuel consumed in the range and the maximum efficiency of the fuel can be obtained.
Therefore, since it is advantageous to execute the power generation mode at a high speed rotation rather than at a low speed rotation of the internal combustion engine,
It is advantageous not to set the power generation mode when the internal combustion engine is running at low speeds. Must be set. Therefore, the condition for setting the power generation mode is changed by a function of the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine. This is performed by converting a function into a numerical value and setting it in a memory in advance, and changing the amount of stored power for setting the power generation mode according to the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine while referring to the contents of the memory.

[0014]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention.

The embodiment of the present invention relates to a cage type polyphase induction machine 2 connected to a rotating shaft of an internal combustion engine 1, a power storage means 3, and a polyphase AC circuit of the cage type polyphase induction machine 2 and a power storage means 3. An inverter circuit 4 for bidirectionally converting electric energy into a direct current circuit and coupling the same, and a control circuit 5 for controlling the inverter circuit 4
And In the present embodiment, a secondary battery, more specifically, a lead storage battery is used as the storage means 3.

A rotation sensor 6 is attached to the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine 2, and a signal from the rotation sensor 6 is given to a control circuit 5, and further, information regarding the state of charge of the power storage means 3 is input. The capacitor 7 and the semiconductor switch circuit 12 are connected to the output side of the inverter circuit 4, and the resistor 11 is connected via the semiconductor switch circuit 12. The resistor 11 is configured to dissipate excessive electric energy that cannot be regenerated due to a large braking applied to the vehicle.

Further, a detection circuit 13 for detecting an output voltage of the inverter circuit 4 is connected to the electric storage means 3 and the semiconductor switch circuit 12, and a resistor 11 is provided with a current detector 15 for detecting a change in current. This current detector 1
5 includes a semiconductor switch circuit 1 according to the detection signal.
2 is connected. The detection circuit 13 is connected to the switch control circuit 14.

The control circuit 5 includes an auxiliary acceleration mode in which the squirrel-cage polyphase induction motor 2 is used as an electric motor, a regeneration mode in which the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine 2 is used as a generator to charge the electric storage means 3 during braking of the vehicle, and There is provided a power generation mode in which the storage means 3 is charged by the driving force of the internal combustion engine 1 using the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine 2 as a generator when the charged amount of the means 3 falls below a predetermined value. Further, as a feature of the present invention, the predetermined value is set in the control circuit 5 as a function of the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 1, and the function is set to a small value of the charged amount when the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 1 is low. When the rotation speed of the engine 1 is high, the power storage amount is set to a large value. The amount of stored power is determined by the power storage means 3.
The function is monitored by a terminal voltage when a load corresponding to the load is connected, and the function previously stores in the memory a value corresponding to the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 1 and holding a value corresponding to the charged amount at the address. The control circuit 5 sets the power generation mode with reference to the value of the memory according to the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 1.

Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention thus configured will be described.

In the normal operation, in the auxiliary acceleration mode, the control circuit 5 controls the inverter circuit 4 to apply a rotating magnetic field having a rotational speed exceeding the actual rotational speed of the rotor to the cage type multi-phase induction machine 2, The multi-phase induction motor 2 is operated as an electric motor to provide auxiliary power to the internal combustion engine 1. In the regenerative mode, the cage-shaped polyphase induction motor 2
Is used as a generator to convert kinetic energy into electric energy and perform regenerative charging of the electric storage means 3. In the power generation mode,
When the amount of power stored in the power storage means 3 is insufficient and the vehicle is running steadily, or when the vehicle is stopped and the internal combustion engine 1 is idling, the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine 2 is used as a generator to generate power. 3 is forcibly charged. The shortage of the charged amount is determined based on the terminal voltage of the power storage unit 3 in a state where the load is connected to the power storage unit 3.

As described above, in the power generation mode in the normal operation, when the amount of power stored in the power storage means 3 falls short of a predetermined value and runs short, charging is performed on the power storage means 3 using the cage-type polyphase induction machine 2 as a generator. Therefore, the internal combustion engine 1 consumes fuel for that purpose.

The present invention is intended to efficiently perform such fuel consumption. When the internal combustion engine 1 is running at a low speed such as in an idling state, the amount of stored power is significantly reduced and reaches a limit. In other words, the power generation mode is not set as much as possible, and the power generation mode is set at the time of high-speed rotation with low fuel consumption.

For this purpose, a predetermined value for determining whether or not the storage means 3 needs to be charged is defined as a function of the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 1, and the function is used when the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 1 is low. Is small, and when the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 1 is high, the value of the power storage amount is large. As a result, power is generated during high-speed rotation with good fuel consumption efficiency,
Fuel consumed for power generation becomes economical.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the function of the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine and the power generation mode setting voltage in the embodiment of the present invention.

In general, in a diesel engine, a mechanical output is large with respect to fuel consumed at a rotational speed of approximately 1500 (rpm) to 5000 (rpm). It is advantageous to carry out such a high-speed rotation.

Therefore, a power generation mode setting voltage D (V), which is a predetermined value for determining the amount of power stored in the power storage means 3, is set as a function F (ω) according to the rotation speed ω (rpm) of the internal combustion engine 1. When the rotation speed is 1000 (rpm), the power generation mode setting voltage is set to Da (V) and 1500 (rpm).
m), the power generation mode setting voltage is set to the highest D
b (V), and the rotation speed is 1000 (rpm) to 15
During 00 (rpm), the set voltage is increased proportionally.

The value corresponding to the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 1 of the function F (ω) set as described above is set as an address, and the value corresponding to the amount of stored power is stored in the address, thereby preliminarily storing the value in the memory. deep. The power generation mode is set when the control circuit 5 refers to the value in the memory and falls below the value according to the rotation speed ω of the internal combustion engine 1.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the setting of the power generation mode and the state of stopping the power generation in the embodiment of the present invention.

In this example, the rotational speed ω of the internal combustion engine 1 is 1
At 000 (rpm), the voltage of the power storage means 3 falls below the power generation mode setting voltage Da, so that the control circuit 5 sets the power generation mode and the squirrel-cage polyphase induction machine 2 operates as a generator to start power generation. The power storage means 3 is charged by this power generation. When the charging current I of the power storage means 3 decreases after a lapse of a predetermined time and the power generation stop current I _S is indicated, the control circuit 5
Releases the power generation mode and stops charging.

Thereafter, when the rotation speed ω of the internal combustion engine 1 rises and exceeds 1500 (rpm), the amount of power stored in the power storage means 3 decreases and the terminal voltage falls below the power generation mode setting voltage Db. Sets the power generation mode again, and starts charging using the cage-shaped polyphase induction machine 2 as a generator. The voltage mode setting voltage Db at this time is
Is higher than the power generation mode setting voltage Da when the power generation mode is 1000 (rpm). This is because a predetermined value serving as a reference value for setting the power generation mode corresponds to the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 1. Since the power generation mode is set based on the power generation mode setting voltage Db, fuel consumption is economically performed by setting the power generation mode.

The amount of power stored in the power storage means 3 is
When a corresponding load is connected, the terminal voltage is constantly monitored by the control circuit 5 taking in the terminal voltage.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention, a predetermined value for judging the amount of electric power stored in the electric storage means is set as a function of the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine, and the value is reduced when the rotational speed is low. By increasing the speed when the speed is high, fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine in the power generation mode can be made economical, and there is an effect that operation with high fuel consumption efficiency can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a function of a rotation speed of an internal combustion engine and a power generation mode setting voltage according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a power generation mode setting and a power generation stop state in the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal combustion engine 2 Cage-shaped polyphase induction machine 3 Electric storage means 4 Inverter circuit 5 Control circuit 6 Rotation sensor 7 Capacitor 11 Resistor 12 Semiconductor switch circuit 13 Detection circuit 14 Switch control circuit 15 Current detector

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60L 11/02-11/14 B60K 9/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An internal combustion engine that mechanically drives wheels to rotate.
The rotating shaft of the internal combustion engine is mechanically connected to the rotating shaft.
And a DC current charged by DC current
A storage circuit for supplying electricity, an inverter circuit for bidirectionally converting and coupling a polyphase AC circuit of the polyphase induction machine and a DC circuit of the storage device with its electric energy, and a control circuit for controlling the inverter circuit. comprising a control circuit, an auxiliary acceleration mode to the motor of the polyphase induction machine, a regenerative mode for charging the storage means as a generator multiphase induction machine of that during braking of the vehicle, and said storage means charged amount is vehicle braking and auxiliary power unit having a control means to take any of the power generation mode for charging the storage means by the driving force of the internal combustion engine as a generator multiphase induction machine foundation falls below a predetermined value In the region where the fuel efficiency of the internal combustion engine is poor and the rotational speed is small
Sets a small value as the predetermined value,
In the region where the fuel efficiency is good and the rotation speed is large,
The predetermined value is set to the internal combustion engine so that a large value is set.
A vehicle braking and auxiliary power system set in the control circuit as a function of engine speed . 2. A vehicle braking and auxiliary power system according to claim 1, wherein the amount of stored power is monitored by a terminal voltage when a corresponding load is connected to the storage means. 3. The function is preset in a memory by setting a value corresponding to the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine as an address and holding a value corresponding to the charged amount at the address.
2. A vehicle braking and auxiliary power system according to claim 1 , further comprising means for setting a power generation mode by referring to a value in a memory according to a rotation speed of the internal combustion engine.