JP3055732B2 - 4-axis woven and multi-axis looms - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a four-axis woven fabric comprising a bidirectional warp, a weft and a warp in a direction perpendicular to the weft, and to a multiaxial loom for weaving the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-92751 discloses a loom for weaving a four-axis fabric. Here, two transfer rolls with thread grooves for feeding two groups of slant warp (upper and lower slant) in the weft direction and in the opposite directions to each other, and a guide for guiding the orthogonal warp orthogonal to the weft to the cloth fell side. A roll and a bifurcated push heddle that opens the upper swash thread, and the upper swash thread intertwines with the weft to obtain a four-axis woven fabric sandwiching the lower swash thread and the warp in the middle, and two groups of orthogonal warps A four-axis woven fabric in which upper and lower swashes are simply woven between orthogonal warps and wefts by alternately opening with heald needles.

[0003]

In the case of using a bifurcated push heddle, the bifurcation requires a certain width in the weft direction in order to accurately press the diagonal warp, so that the interval between the diagonal warps is increased. There is a problem that the organization becomes coarse. When the upper and lower diagonal threads are interposed between the orthogonal warp and the weft, the diagonal warp threads are not entangled with each other, and there is no stability as a structure.

[0004] In the case of using two groups of heddle rows, there is an advantage that it can be obtained by modifying a conventional triaxial loom, but as described above, the heald lever must be completely newly disposed inside the heddle rows. However, there is a problem that remodeling of the existing machine becomes considerably large.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a four-axis woven fabric having a dense and stable four-axis structure. An object of the present invention is to provide a structure of a loom capable of weaving a four-axis fabric.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the four-axis woven fabric of the present invention comprises a diagonal warp in two directions oblique to the weft.
It is characterized in that a warp perpendicular to the weft is entangled with the weft and woven on at least one side in the thickness direction of the fabric in a triaxial structure in which the weft is entangled with each other. A multi-axis loom suitable for weaving the four-axis woven fabric has two substantially opposing heddle rows that guide two groups of left and right warp yarns, and each of the heddle rows is in a direction opposite to the weft direction. A triaxial weaving device for weaving a triaxial structure in which the oblique warp yarns cross each other and move back and forth to form a shed, insert a weft into the shed, and weave a triaxial structure in which the oblique warp and the weft are entangled with each other; and a heddle. A warp shedding device is provided on the weave front side of the row, and entangles and weaves a warp supplied from a warp supply device in a direction perpendicular to the weft with the weft on at least one side of the triaxial structure.

[0007]

The four-axis woven fabric has a stable structure because the warp yarn is further entangled with the weft, while the warp yarn is further entangled with the weft, in contrast to the triaxial structure having many restraining points where the two groups of the slant warp and the weft are entangled with each other. Also,
In the four-axis loom, the diagonal warp is cross-opened by the triaxial weaving device, and the warp orthogonal to the weft is opened and weft-inserted by the warp opening device below the heddle row to weave the four-axis fabric.

[0008]

1 to 4, a four-axis loom of the present invention will be described. U1 and U2 are provided on the guide plate 1 fixed to the frame, are engaged with and disengaged from the grooves 2a of the fixed groove plate 2, and are a plurality of heddles 3 which are guided to be able to move back and forth. The head 3 of the other head row U2 enters between the heads 3 of the head. The head 3 is moved forward and backward by a front and rear moving plate 5 of a front and rear moving mechanism 4 composed of a cam or the like and a hook 6 and is movably locked in the weft direction. Also, when Heddle 3 retreats, Heddle 3
And a movable reciprocating bar 10 that engages with the left and right feed mechanisms 11 for moving the heddles 3 in the heddle rows U1 and U2 in directions opposite to each other in the weft direction. Head row U1, U
At the end of 2, a heddle rotating mechanism 12 for rotating the heddle 3 reaching the end of each of the heddle rows U1 and U2 to the opposite end of the heddle row is provided.

The longitudinal movement mechanism 4 and the left and right feed mechanism 1
1. The heddle rotating mechanism 12 is composed of two groups of heddle rows U1, U which are completely identical to a conventional apparatus, for example, the one described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-54417, and which are substantially opposed to the cloth width direction.
The two slant warps α and α ′ are guided, and one of the row of heddles, for example, U1 is moved by one pitch in the weaving direction with respect to the other by the movable reciprocating bar 10 of the left and right feed mechanism 11, and then moved by the forward and backward movement mechanism 4 in large numbers. Of the warp yarns α and α ′ are forwardly crossed to form a shed, and the weft Y is inserted into the weft by the rapier 19.
To push the weft Y to the weave FL, and the slant warp α,
.alpha. 'is returned to its original state, and thereafter, this is also performed on the heddle rows U2. At this time, the movement of the heddle rows U1 and U2 in the weaving direction is opposite to each other. Is reached by the heddle rotating mechanism 12 to the opposite row of heddles, and weaves a triaxial woven fabric in which two oblique warp threads α and α ′ extend obliquely to the weaving width direction. A triaxial weaving device 15 is configured.

The front-rear movement mechanism 4, left-right feed mechanism 11 and head rotation mechanism 12 are driven by a main motor M. A warp traverse device in which oblique warp α, α ′ is intermittently circulated in the movement direction of the heddle 3 on the way from the plurality of oblique warp drums 21 of the warp creel 20 rotating around the vertical axis in the yarn holes 3 a of each heddle 3. 22 yarn guides 23 (FIG. 4)
Has been inserted through.

Next, a warp shedding device 30 is provided on the cloth fell side of the upper heddle rows U1 and U2. The warp shedding device 30 has the same mechanisms 4A, 11A, and 12A as the front-rear movement mechanism 4, the left and right feed mechanism 11, and the heddle rotation mechanism 12 in the above-described triaxial weaving device 15, and the triaxial weaving device 15 is used.
The difference between these mechanisms is that the longitudinal movement mechanism 4A and the longitudinal movement plate 5a
Are connected via turnbuckle 31 and
2 is adjustable in the front-rear direction, and the left and right feed mechanism 11A and the heddle rotating mechanism 12A
Is connected via the clutches 33 and 34 to the drive system between them.

The heddle rows L1 and L2 of the warp shedding device 30 are substantially opposed to each other, are inserted between the opposing heddle rows 32 of the heddle rows L1 and L2, and have an upper heddle row U.
It is juxtaposed to the right and left of the head 3 of the U2 by a heddle pitch (FIG. 3).

The warp shedding device 30 includes the clutch 3
The thread holes 32a of the heddle 32 with the cuts 3 and 34 cut are guided to the heddles 3 of the heddle rows U1 and U2.
The turnbuckle 31 is adjusted so as to be further outside, and functions as a warp shedding device for weaving the warps β and β ′ in a direction perpendicular to the weft Y. At this time, the thread hole 32a of the heddle 32
The warp β and β ′ from the warp supply device 35 are respectively guided by the warp supply device 35, and one of the slant warp α
The warp β (β ′) is moved back and forth between the outer position of (α ′) and the inner position of the other opposing α ′ (α) to form a shed. The warp β from the warp supply device 35,
β ′ is supplied to each heddle 32 via a yarn length correction roller 36 that moves left and right in opposition to the opening operation in order to correct the yarn length difference caused by the opening operation.

In the state where the clutches 33 and 34 are connected, the lower head row L1 and L2 are also connected to the upper head row U1 and U1.
It moves in the left-right direction in synchronization with U2 and functions as an opening mechanism for the oblique warp threads α and α ′. At this time, each thread hole 3 of the heddle 32
2a, oblique warp threads α, α ′ are inserted from the oblique warp creel 20 and guided to the cloth fell FL.

In such a loom, the warp shedding mechanism 3
When 0 is used as being orthogonal to the weft Y, weaving is started with the clutches 33 and 34 disengaged. Fig. 5 and below show four-axis woven fabrics that can be woven with this loom. FIG.
In the four-axis woven fabric shown in (1), oblique warp threads α and α ′ are first advanced and crossed from the retreat position at timing 1 according to the cross opening timing shown on the right side of the woven fabric, and the weft Y is inserted into the weft and retreated. The slant warp α moves one pitch in the weft direction, and at timing 2, only the warp β ′ advances, enters the weft, and retreats. Next, the slant warp α ′ moves one pitch in the direction opposite to the slant warp α and performs the same operation as the timing 1 at the timing 3, the slant warp α moves one pitch in the weft direction and advances only the warp β at the timing 4. Weft insertion and retreat. With this, the oblique warp α, α '
And the weft Y, the weft Y in the weaving direction becomes a triaxial structure in which every other weft Y is trifurcated with the oblique warp α, α ′, and is constrained at the constraining point P. The warp β, β ′ is located on the side surface and is entangled with the weft Y, so that a four-axis woven fabric is woven as a whole.

In FIG. 6, the warp threads α, α ′ and the warp threads β, β ′ are obtained by repeating forward crossing, weft insertion, and retreating alternately. The warp β, β ′ passing through the side has its yarn path repeated up and down with respect to the weft Y.

In FIG. 7, the slant warp α,
α ′, warp β are forward-crossed, weft-inserted, and retracted. At timing 3, oblique warp α, α ′, warp β ′ are advanced-crossed, weft-inserted and retracted. Does nothing.

FIG. 8 shows that the warp β is woven on one side of the triaxial structure. At the timing 1, only the oblique warp α, α ′ is handled, and at the timing 3, the warp β is handled in addition thereto.

In FIG. 9, at timing 1, only the diagonal warp yarns α, α ′ are advanced, crossed, inserted, and retracted, and at timing 3, the diagonal warp yarns α, α ′ and the warp β, β ′ are advanced and crossed.

FIG. 10 shows a case where the weft insertion density is increased. At timing 1, the warp threads α and α ′ are handled, and at timing 5, the warp threads β and α ′ are handled in addition to the warp threads α and α ′.

In these designs, the triaxial design, that is, the yarn path of the warp α is below the weft Y and above the warp α ′, the path of the warp α ′ is above the weft Y, and The yarn path of the weft Y is below the slant warp α ′ and above the slant warp α, and the warp β (β) Since ') is entangled with the weft Y, a stable structure is obtained in which the degree of entanglement of each yarn is large, and the isotropy of the fabric, such as the high elongation, is improved. Note that the lower heddle row may be a needle-shaped heddle row.

[0022]

As described above, in the four-axis woven fabric of the present invention, the warp is entangled with the weft on at least one side in the thickness direction of the triaxial structure in which the bidirectional warp and the weft are entangled with each other. A stable woven fabric with a high degree of yarn entanglement can be obtained.

Further, the multi-axis loom of the present invention has a triaxial weaving apparatus having two opposing heddle rows, and a warp shedding apparatus for weaving a warp orthogonal to the weft into a triaxial structure on the front side of the weddle of the heddle row. Because of the structure, in a conventionally known three-axis loom having upper and lower, left and right heddle rows, the left and right feed mechanism in the weft direction of the lower heddle row and the heddle reaching one end of the dollar row downward are the other. The heddle rotation mechanism for transferring to the heddle row is separated from the drive of the main motor, and the above-described four-axis woven fabric can be easily woven by remodeling only by newly providing a warp supply device, and the warp can be opened by the heddle. For,
The density of the woven fabric can be increased as compared with that using a forked heald.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a loom of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a plan view of a heddle row.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the upper and lower dollar rows.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a diagonal warp traverse mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a view showing a four-axis woven fabric.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a four-axis woven fabric.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a four-axis woven fabric.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a four-axis woven fabric.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a four-axis woven fabric.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a four-axis woven fabric.

[Explanation of symbols]

U1, U2 heddle row, α, α 'slant warp, β,
β 'warp, Y weft, 15 triaxial weaving device, 30
Warp shedding device, 35 Warp supply device

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-63-92751 (JP, A) JP-A-4-82938 (JP, A) JP-A-64-52847 (JP, A) JP-A-1-292140 (JP) JP-A-1-95297 (JP, A) JP-A-58-163750 (JP, A) JP-A-61-266632 (JP, A) JP-A-64-49517 (JP, U) 49-8423 (JP, B1) JP-B 45-11573 (JP, Y1) U.S. Pat. No. 4,036,262 (US, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) D03D 25/00 D03D 37 / 00 D03D 41/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A triaxial structure in which oblique warps in two directions oblique to a weft and a weft are entangled with each other, and a warp orthogonal to the weft is entangled with the weft on at least one side in the thickness direction of the fabric. Shaft fabric. 2. A method according to claim 1, further comprising two substantially parallel rows of heddles for guiding two groups of left and right warp yarns, each of which moves in the opposite direction to the weft direction and moves back and forth to cross the warp yarns. The shed is formed by inserting a weft into the shed and weaving a triaxial structure in which the oblique warp and the weft are entangled with each other. And a warp shedding device for weaving a warp in a direction orthogonal to the weft on the at least one surface side of the triaxial structure with the weft.