JP2672832B2 - Four-axis loom - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a four-axis loom for weaving a four-axis woven fabric in which warp yarns, weft yarns, and bidirectional weft yarns intersecting in the bias direction overlap each other. .

<Prior art and its problem> The thing in which the warp and the thread or line intersect diagonally in the left-right direction is seen in the "8th stitch" in which bamboo was woven for a long time. Further, there is one in which yarns in four axial directions are simply overlapped and integrated by a knitting machine, for example, by Russell knitting. However, it seems that there is no four-axis woven fabric made by a loom.

The triaxial woven fabric in which two intersecting diagonal yarns are woven with wefts as warp yarns, is called "oblique weave" and remains a little in the area of traditional craft. This diagonal weave is hand woven by a device in which two reeds, an upper surface and a lower surface, are reciprocated to the left and right in opposite directions to pierce the woven surface, and the diagonal yarn is sent to the upper and lower surfaces in opposite directions. Recently, a basket-shaped triaxial woven fabric is found in Jikkou 45-11573, which is said to be applied to summer belts, shawls, and curtains. Full-scale triaxial looms are found in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-34812 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-36015, but these two warp yarns are seen as warp yarns and open the forward and reverse yarns. The weft yarn is woven by running the weft yarn therein, and the left and right movements of the diagonal yarn are woven by crossing the diagonal yarn by the lateral movement of the heddle device (held).

The background of the demand for these triaxial woven fabrics is to impart isotropy to the strength and elongation of the woven fabric and to achieve strength improvement and weight reduction of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) with a thinner woven fabric, strengthening aircraft and automobiles. There is an increasing momentum of application to plastic materials.

It is needless to say that the tetraaxial woven fabric is superior to the triaxial woven fabric for imparting isotropy to the strength and elongation of the woven fabric. However, as mentioned above, conventionally, there is no four-axis woven fabric, and there are only four-axis knitted fabrics. The method using a knitting machine, in which the yarns that are layered on the four axes are integrated by Russell knitting, has the drawback that the knitting machine is complicated and the productivity is poor, and when the knitting yarn is cut, all the four-axis yarns are decomposed. (For example, Textile Mo
nth, May 1986, PP6-7).

The triaxial loom has a quite specific disclosure of its structure in the above-mentioned publication, but as described above, it is a mechanism for feeding two diagonal yarns, which are regarded as warp yarns, to the left and right by the movement of the heald, and therefore skips over. Moreover, it was experimentally confirmed that it is not suitable for high-speed movement, and that it is difficult to fold warp into the inclined opening portion and it is difficult to apply it to four axes. Therefore, the present inventors have developed a device for supplying a diagonal yarn, a traverse device, and a heddle device, which are not found in the above-described prior art, and made it possible to weave a four-axis woven fabric having a novel woven structure at high speed, A loom having a better structure and a novel woven fabric obtained thereby were previously proposed in JP-A-63-92751.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, it is a fact that the above triaxial weaving machine can be transformed into a four-axis weaving machine with a slight improvement without changing its structure. The invention was completed. A characteristic of the tetraaxial woven fabric is that, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, warp yarns (1), weft yarns (2), and forward warp yarns (3) that obliquely intersect these warp yarns (1) and (2). ) And the back-slanting yarn (4), which are quadrilateral tetraaxial yarns, and the upper surface yarn is entangled with the lower surface yarn and the intermediate yarns on the other two sides are sandwiched and integrally woven. Previously, JP-A-63-92751
The one proposed in No. 1 is the forward yarn (3), the intermediate yarn is the backward yarn (4) and the warp yarn (1), and the lower yarn is the weft yarn (2) (Fig. 8). And), the upper surface thread is the warp thread (1), the intermediate thread is the forward oblique thread (3) and the backward oblique thread (4), and the lower surface thread is the weft thread (2) (Fig. 9). By type,
All were new tetraaxial woven fabrics.

On the other hand, in the above triaxial woven fabric, the reciprocating diagonal yarn is opened and the weft yarn is woven in. Therefore, the warp yarn is added to this and the diagonal yarn comes on both the upper and lower surfaces, and the intermediate yarn becomes the warp yarn. It becomes the four-axis woven fabric of the new organization.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention is not limited to those shown in FIG. 8 and FIG.
It is a loom that also weaves a new four-axis woven fabric as shown in FIG. 10, and its constitution is as follows.

That is, a large number of bobbins or a plurality of split beams are arranged in an annular arrangement in which the oblique thread creels (A) are rotatably arranged in a plane substantially at right angles to the traveling direction of the woven surface, and a predetermined width is continuously provided in the width of the woven surface. A diagonal traverse device (B) that feeds a large number of forward diagonal yarns (3) and backward diagonal yarns (4) that move in opposite directions at intervals so as to intersect each other in opposite diagonal directions, and warp yarns (1) into the weave surface. ), A warp feeder (C) including a warp beam (6), a warp heddle device (D), a weft hammering device (E), a beating device (F), and a product winding device. In the four-axis weaving machine including the device (G), the warp supplying device (C) supplies the warp (1) along the inner surface side of the reciprocating oblique yarn row of the warp traverse device (B). A four-axis loom having a warping beam (6) installed on the inner peripheral side of (A).

The arrangement of each of these devices is preferably a vertical type as in the triaxial loom, but may be a horizontal type.

In particular, the present invention is characterized by the guide of the warp from the warp feeder (C), wherein the warp (1) is the inner surface of either the forward (3) or the backward (4) of the reciprocating diagonal row. Of one side or two rows of fixed levers (7) provided along one or both inner surface sides of the side, and fed along the inner surface side of the reciprocating oblique thread row, or the warp threads (1 ) Is one row or two rows of fixed levers (7) or every other alternate is used as a rocking type heddle lever (8) row and is inserted into the tip of the heddle lever (8), and the warp (1) is This is a four-axis weaving machine that is oscillated and fed between the inner surfaces of the forward and backward yarns (3) and (4) of the reciprocating diagonal yarn row.

<Operation> The warp supplying device (C) warps the warp (1) on the inner peripheral side of the oblique yarn creel (A) so that the warp (1) is supplied along the inner surface side of the reciprocating oblique yarn row of the oblique yarn traverse device (B). Since the beam (6) is installed, the warp threads do not interfere with the weft heddle and the weft threads are driven in quickly.

In particular, one or two rows of warp threads (1) are provided along one or both inner surface sides of either the forward or reverse thread (3) or the backward and reverse thread (4) of the reciprocating oblique thread row. The solid lever (7) is inserted into the tip and is fed along the inner surface side of the reciprocating oblique thread row, or the fixed lever (7) row is fed along both inner surface sides, or all or alternating A heddle lever (8) in which every other warp (1) is oscillated and fed between the inner surfaces of the forward oblique thread (3) and the backward oblique thread (4) of the reciprocating oblique thread row.
When a device such as a row is used, the degree of entanglement with the warp yarns and the warp yarns can be freely changed, and a four-axis woven fabric having different structures can be obtained. That is, it is possible to obtain a new tetraaxial woven fabric of FIG. 10 in which both the upper and lower surfaces of the woven fabric have oblique yarns and the intermediate yarns are warp and weft, and its deformed structure.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

<Example> FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a loom according to the present invention, in which a diagonal vertical creel (A) is provided on the outer periphery of an upper portion thereof, and a warp feeder (C) is disposed at the center thereof. . In the former, a large number of bobbins or a plurality of split oblique beams such as a diagonal beam (5) can be rotated in a plane substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the woven surface,
It is supported by the circular rails (12) of the side frame (13), and the latter is supported by the top frame (14).

The oblique thread traversing device (B) has a large number of forward oblique threads (3) and reverse oblique threads (4) which are opposite to each other in which the oblique threads continuously move in the opposite direction at a predetermined interval within the width of the cloth. Is a device that intersects and feeds in the direction of inclination of the chain. As shown in FIG. 2, a large number of diagonal threads inserted and supported by the diagonal thread guide holes (17) provided in the guide chain (16) move the chain. Thus, the forward oblique yarn (3) is sequentially patrolled intermittently to the backward oblique yarn (4).

The sled heald device (D) is normally arranged right below the slant guide chain (16) so that the center lines thereof are correctly aligned. However, in this case, since the center line is displaced to either the left or the right direction. is there. When the center yarns are made to coincide with each other, the fixed lever (7) and the heddle lever (8) are used. This point is extremely important and will be described later in detail.

As the weft driving device (E), the beating device (F), and the product winding device (G), conventionally known devices can be used as they are, and they are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.

The heald device (D) is a push heddle, which is opened by the healds (18) and (19) that push the forward oblique yarn (3) and the backward oblique yarn (4) that are sequentially moved by the guide chain (16) from the left and right, A weft yarn (2) is run on this, and it is woven, and then, it is beaten by the reeds (20) and (21) to form a product roll (22).

The four-axis loom according to the present invention is characterized in that the warp feeder (C) is installed so that the warp (1) is fed along the inner surface side of the reciprocating oblique yarn row. Only then can the triaxial weaving machine be transformed into a four-axis weaving machine. For that purpose, as shown in FIG. 1, first, as shown in FIG. 1, the helix device (D) for the slanted yarn is displaced rightward from the center line of the loom just below the slanted yarn guide chain (16), and the double-stranded yarn sequence is shown. Along the inside. Normally, these center lines should be aligned right below the oblique thread guide chain (16).
Then weaving cannot be done because it interferes with weft threading. However, with the above-mentioned structure, even if there is a warp, the opening is extremely large, so that stable weaving can be performed.

The second device is based on a fixed lever (7) having a warp (1) inserted through the tip as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. This is because the warp (1) is the forward reciprocating weft thread (3)
Or, it is composed of a row of fixed levers (7) arranged so as to be supplied along one inner surface side or both inner surface sides of the reclined thread (4), and FIG. FIG. 4 shows that only one of them is arranged on the side of the double thread (4).

The third device is a heddle lever (8) having a warp (1) inserted at the tip as shown in FIG. 5 or FIGS. This is a heddle arranged so that all or alternate warp threads (1) are oscillated and fed between the inner surfaces of the forward and backward threads (3) and (4) of the reciprocating oblique thread row. It consists of a row of levers (8). FIG. 5 shows that the heddle lever (8) is moved by one lever (23) and the rod (24) so that all the warp yarns move left and right at a time. 7 and 8 are
Alternating warp threads (1) are reciprocating oblique thread rows and forward oblique threads (3)
And the left and right heddle levers (8) arranged so as to be fed by moving between the inner surfaces of the reclined yarn (4). By doing so, it is possible to have a plain weave design in the relationship between the warp and the weft.

<Effects of the Invention> The four-axis weaving machine having the structure described in detail above can freely change the entanglement condition with the weft and the warp by only slightly changing or adding the three-axis weaving machine. A wide variety of tetraaxially woven fabrics with different textures can be obtained. Since the tetraaxial woven fabric is further selected from the triaxial woven fabric in the isotropic property of the strength and elongation, it is thinner than the conventional woven fabric and can increase the strength of the FRP, and is suitable as a material for automobiles and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a four-axis loom of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a portion of a diagonal thread traverse device, and FIGS. 3 to 7 are schematic side views of a diagonal thread heald device. 8 to 10 are organization charts of the tetraaxial woven fabric. (1) Warp, (2) Weft, (3) Forward oblique thread, (4) Double oblique thread, (5) oblique thread beam, (6) warp beam (7) fixed lever, (8) heddle lever (16) guide Chain, (17) Oblique thread guide (18) (19) Held, (20) (21) Reed (A) Oblique thread creel, (B) Oblique thread traverse device (C) Warp feeder, (D) Oblique thread heald Equipment (E) Weft insertion device, (F) Reeding device (G) Product winding device

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An annular array of oblique thread creels (A) in which a large number of bobbins or a plurality of split beams are rotatably arranged in a plane substantially at right angles to the direction of travel of the woven surface, and the creases (A) are continuous in the width of the woven surface. A diagonal traverse device (B) that feeds a large number of forward oblique yarns (3) and backward oblique yarns (4) that move in opposite directions at a predetermined interval so as to intersect with each other in the opposite oblique directions, and into the weave surface. A warp supplying device (C) including a warp beam (6) for supplying the warp (1), a weft hedging device (D), a weft driving device (E), and a beating device (F), In a four-axis loom comprising a product winding device (G), the warp supplying device (C) supplies the warp yarn (1) along the inner surface side of the reciprocating oblique yarn row of the oblique yarn traverse device (B). A four-axis weaving machine in which a warp beam (6) is installed on the inner peripheral side of the oblique thread creel (A). 2. The warp (1) is a line provided along one or both inner surface sides of either the forward oblique thread (3) or the backward oblique thread (4) of the reciprocating oblique thread row, or The four-axis weaving machine according to claim 1, wherein the four-axis loom is inserted through the tips of the two rows of fixed levers (7) and supplied along the inner surface side of the reciprocating oblique thread row. 3. The warp thread (1) is inserted into the tip of the heddle lever (8) as a row of rocking heddle levers (8) with all or alternate one-row fixed levers (7). The four-axis weaving machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the warp (1) is oscillated and fed between the inner surfaces of the forward and backward oblique yarns (3) and (4) of the reciprocating oblique yarn row.