JP2897446B2 - 3D loom - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional loom, and more particularly, to three-dimensional yarns in the X, Y, and Z directions, and is arranged so as to be symmetrically inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the fabric. The present invention relates to a three-dimensional loom for weaving a five-axis three-dimensional fabric having a bias yarn.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Composite materials using a three-dimensional woven fabric composed of three-component yarns in the X, Y, and Z directions as a skeleton material and a resin or inorganic material as a matrix are used as structural materials for rockets, aircraft, automobiles, ships, and buildings. A wide range of applications is expected.
These composite materials exhibit sufficient strength against tensile loads, compressive loads and bending loads acting in the X, Y, and Z directions, but have a large amount of deformation with respect to a force oblique to the axial direction. There are drawbacks. As a solution to this drawback, the present applicant has developed a warp layer composed of a plurality of warps arranged in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the fabric, and a longitudinal direction of the fabric in a plane parallel to the warp layer. A pair of bias yarn layers each comprising a plurality of continuous bias yarns arranged so as to be symmetrically inclined with respect to each other, and orthogonal to the warp yarns between each row of the warp layer and all outside both sides of the row. A plurality of vertical yarns continuous for each row arranged in the thickness direction of the woven fabric in a state, and a three-dimensional woven fabric composed of wefts arranged in the width direction of the woven fabric in a state orthogonal to the warp z; The manufacturing method has been previously proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 2-136804 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-76845)).

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, a three-dimensional weaving machine used in this manufacturing method includes a warp supply section including a number of warp beams 91 corresponding to the number of warps z and a bias yarn B.
A warp shedding device 94 and a bias yarn shedding device 95 are arranged between a bias yarn supply portion composed of half of the number of bias yarn beams 92 and the weaving front frame 93.
A warp guide 96 and a bias yarn feeder 97 are provided behind (to the right of the figure) 5. Bias yarn feeder 9
Reference numeral 7 denotes each 2 formed so that the spiral grooves are opposite to each other.
The three screw shafts 98 and 99 are sequentially arranged at positions where they can be engaged with the bias yarn B, and are rotated. The engagement portions are moved in opposite directions by a predetermined pitch. Between the weaving frame 93 and the warp shedding device 94, there is provided a vertical yarn rapier 101 which functions to insert the vertical yarn y fed from the vertical yarn supply unit 100 into each row of the warp z group by its vertical movement. Have been.
Then, insertion of the vertical yarn y in the thickness direction of the woven fabric by the vertical yarn rapier 101 and insertion of the weft x in the width direction of the woven fabric by the weft rapier (not shown) are performed, and one cycle thereof is performed. When the insertion of the weft x is completed, the bias yarn feeder 97 is operated, and the screw shafts 98 and 99 are driven.
After the engagement position of the bias yarn B in the engaged state is moved by a predetermined pitch along the width direction of the fabric to change the arrangement state of the bias yarn B, the vertical yarn y is inserted again. The vertical yarn y is inserted into the warp layer behind a position where a pair of upper and lower bias yarns B intersect between the three-dimensional fabric F and the bias yarn feeder 97, and moves the vertical yarn y to the cloth fell position. When the vertical yarn y engages with the crossing portion of the bias yarn B, the crossing portion is moved to the cloth fell position.

[0004]

In the conventional apparatus, when the crossing portion of the bias yarn B is moved to the cloth fell position, there is a possibility that the fluff is generated or the yarn is damaged due to the rubbing between the vertical yarn y and the bias yarn B. Further, in order to smoothly insert the vertical yarn rapier 101 between the predetermined bias yarn B and the warp z, it is necessary to secure a certain gap between the bias yarn B and the warp z and the vertical yarn rapier 101. Since the distance between the bias yarns B increases as the distance from the bias yarn feeder 97 increases, it is preferable to move the vertical yarn rapier 101 to a vertical yarn insertion position at a position closer to the bias yarn feeder 97. However, since the warp shedding device 94 and the bias yarn shedding device 95 are disposed in front of the bias yarn feeding device 97 in the conventional device, the vertical yarn rapier 101 is connected to the bias yarn feeding device 97.
Cannot be inserted in the vicinity of. Therefore, in order to secure a gap between the bias yarn B and the vertical yarn rapier 101, the feed pitch of the bias yarn B is set larger than the pitch of the bias yarn B in the three-dimensional fabric F, and the warp of the warp guide 96 is correspondingly adjusted. It is necessary to increase the interval between the engaging portions with z. However, it is difficult to move the bias yarn B expanded from the pitch in the three-dimensional fabric F to a position corresponding to the pitch in the fabric by the vertical yarn y inserted therebetween. The damage received by the yarn also increases. This problem becomes more pronounced as the number of bias yarn layers increases. Therefore,
In the three-dimensional fabric woven by the conventional three-dimensional loom, the pitch of the bias yarn B and the warp z may be uneven in the width direction of the fabric, and there is a problem that it is difficult to increase the number of bias yarn layers. . In addition, there is a problem that the operation of the bias yarn feeder is complicated, and the drive unit becomes large. Further, in the above-mentioned conventional example, there is a problem that the number of both opening devices 94 and 95 increases as the number of warp layers and bias yarn layers increases, and the size of the entire apparatus increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and a first object of the present invention is to weave a five-axis three-dimensional woven fabric at a high density and a uniform yarn pitch in the width direction. To provide a three-dimensional loom that can
An object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional loom in which the size of the device can be reduced.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of warps are stretched in a plurality of layers in the thickness direction of the woven fabric so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of the woven fabric. Then, at least one set of a plurality of bias yarns is provided in parallel with the warp layer so as to form a pair of two layers, and the bias yarn feeder disposed between the cloth fell position and the bias yarn supply unit. The engaging position of the pair of bias yarns in the engaged state with the engaging portion of the feeding device is moved by a predetermined pitch in the direction opposite to each other in the width direction of the fabric in each of the bias yarn layers, and the cloth fell position and the bias On the bias yarn feeder side from the intersection of the bias yarn with the yarn feeder, insert a vertical yarn in the thickness direction of the woven fabric between the warp rows and the opening of the bias yarn, and at least between the warp interlayer or the warp layer. Weft yarn in the width direction of the fabric between the bias yarn layers In the three-dimensional loom to be inserted, the vertical yarn supply position is provided so as to be movable between a vertical yarn insertion position for inserting the vertical yarn supplied from the vertical yarn supply unit into the warp layer and a standby position retracted from the warp layer. A pressing portion extending in the thickness direction of the woven fabric in the vicinity of the cloth fell position when being disposed is formed to be longer than the thickness of the woven fabric, and is continuous with the pressing portion and obliquely forward from the cloth fell side toward the bias yarn feeder side. A vertical thread insertion tool having a plurality of vertical thread insertion pieces having guide portions extending to the vertical thread insertion tool; first moving means for moving the vertical thread insertion tool to a vertical thread insertion position and a standby position; and a vertical thread insertion position. And a second moving means for moving the vertical thread insertion tool to the cloth fell side.

Further, in the invention according to claim 2, the bias yarns are arranged in two stages corresponding to the number of the set of bias yarns, and are movably arranged along a guide member extending in the width direction of the fabric. The bias yarn is provided to extend in the thickness direction of the fabric orthogonally to the guide member and to be circulated in a predetermined direction by engagement with a set of operating members reciprocated in the thickness direction and the width direction of the fabric. A bias yarn feeder provided with a guide block that is inserted and guides a vertical yarn insertion tool to project toward the cloth fell side, and is orthogonal to the warp layer at a position corresponding to the arrangement space of the guide block. It is moved in a state parallel to the warp layer along the guide path between a standby position in the accommodation portion provided in the plane and an operation position in front of the guide portion and engaged with at least one of the warp and the bias yarn. And opening bar which is capable disposed, provided with an opening device having an actuating means for moving arranged the opening bar in the standby position and the working position.

[0008]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of warp yarns are stretched in a plurality of layers in a thickness direction of the woven fabric in a state of extending in a longitudinal direction of the woven fabric, and a plurality of bias yarns are formed as a pair of two layers. Weaving is started in a state where a predetermined number of sets are stretched in parallel with the warp layer. Then, while the vertical yarn is inserted in the thickness direction of the woven fabric and the weft is inserted in the width direction of the woven fabric, the bias yarn is inserted into the woven fabric in a state where the insertion of the weft in one cycle is completed. An operation of arranging them so as to be symmetrically inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction is performed. By the operation of the first moving means, the vertical thread insertion tool is moved from the standby position toward the warp layer, and the tip of the vertical thread insertion piece is biased from the intersection of the bias yarn between the cloth fell position and the bias yarn feeder. The yarn enters the warp layer on the yarn feeder side, and the vertical yarn is inserted between the warp yarn rows and the opening of the bias yarn. The intersection of the bias yarn is located far away from the weave,
As the vertical thread insert enters the warp layer, the vertical thread insert is guided by a guide extending from the tip of the vertical thread insert toward the pressing portion, and the crossing portion of the bias yarn is smoothly moved to the vicinity of the cloth fell. Then, after the vertical thread insertion tool is arranged at the vertical thread insertion position, the second moving means is operated to move the vertical thread insertion tool toward the cloth fell side, and the weft is pressed by the pressing portions of the respective vertical thread insertion pieces. While being pressed before the weaving, the intersection of the bias yarns is also pressed before the weaving. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the guide blocks provided in two stages are sequentially moved in a predetermined direction along a loop-shaped moving path extending in the width direction of the fabric by the action of a set of operating members. Are arranged in such a manner that a pair of bias yarns inserted in the guide portion are inclined symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal direction of the fabric. The vertical thread insertion tool moves between the vertical thread insertion position and the standby position while being guided by a guide portion projecting from the guide block.
Therefore, even if the pitch of the bias yarn is reduced due to the high density, the vertical yarn insertion tool is securely inserted into a predetermined position and there is no risk of damaging the bias yarn. Further, an opening bar for performing an opening operation for increasing the interval between the warp layers or between the warp layer and the bias yarn layer at the time of inserting the weft is provided in a plane orthogonal to the warp layer at a position corresponding to the arrangement space of the guide block. It waits in the section and moves to the front of the guide section during the opening operation. That is, since the opening bar is accommodated in the space that was not originally used in the standby state, even if the warp layers and the bias yarn layers increase, the space newly required for providing the opening device is small.
Further, since the actuating member for moving the guide block only reciprocates in the thickness and width directions of the fabric, the driving unit thereof can be reduced in size without being large-scale.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the three-dimensional loom includes a warp supply unit 1 and a bias yarn supply unit 2, and ends of a large number of warp zs and bias yarns B fed from the supply units 1 and 2. The thread support plate 3 to which the part is fixed,
The three-dimensional fabric F is moved from the position close to the weaving frame 4 disposed at a predetermined position in the direction of drawing the three-dimensional fabric F (leftward in FIG. 2) with the progress of weaving by the action of a drive mechanism (not shown). I have. A bias yarn feeder 5 is provided between the weaving frame 4 and the bias yarn supply unit 2. The bias yarn supply unit 2 includes a pair of sprockets 6a and 6b arranged on a frame (not shown) movable in the longitudinal direction of the three-dimensional fabric F at a wider interval than the weave width of the three-dimensional fabric F, and both sprockets 6a. , 6b, and a number of yarn guides 8 provided at equal intervals on the chain 7. One of the sprockets 6a is driven by the motor (not shown) to drive the bias yarn feeder 5. It is intermittently rotated in a fixed direction in synchronization. The two sprockets 6a and 6b are arranged slightly downward so that the movement path of the chain 7 is lower on the cloth fell side, so that the bias yarns B arranged in two layers do not interfere with each other. The bias yarn supply unit 2 having the above-described configuration is arranged in a state where the position thereof is shifted in the front-rear direction corresponding to the number of sets of the bias yarn B (only one is shown). Then, a bias thread B having a length necessary for weaving the three-dimensional fabric F is inserted into the thread guide 8 with a weight 9 suspended from one end thereof, and the bias thread B is moved between the thread support plate 3 and the thread guide 8. Are placed horizontally between
The thread guide 8 is stretched so that the path is directed downward. That is, the weight 9 is applied to the bias yarn B.
Is maintained in a state where a constant tension is always applied. Also, unlike the warp z, the bias yarn B consumes a yarn longer than the fabric length, so that the entire bias yarn supply unit 2 is moved to the front side along with the frame as the weaving progresses, so that weaving of a long fabric can be performed. It does not hinder.

The warp supply section 1 comprises a number of warp beams 1a corresponding to the number of warp yarns, and a number corresponding to the number of warp z rows for each stage corresponding to the number of warp layers (five in this embodiment). Are arranged in a line so that their axes extend in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the three-dimensional fabric F, and are arranged beside the bias yarn B stretching position. Warp beam 1
a is rotationally urged in the winding direction of the warp z so that a constant tension is always applied to the warp z. And
The warp z delivered from the warp beam 1a in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the three-dimensional fabric F is changed by 90 degrees by warp guides 10a and 10b provided for each layer so that the path is directed to the weave front side. The spacing is three-dimensional fabric F
It is adjusted to the warp pitch inside and is supplied to the cloth fell.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the bias yarn feeder 5 is disposed between support frames 11a fixed on both sides of the stretched portion of the warp z and the bias yarn B. Guide members 12 are fixed at predetermined intervals between the support frames 11a so as to extend in the width direction of the fabric.
Guide grooves 12a extending in the longitudinal direction thereof
(Illustrated in FIG. 4). A guide block 13 of a number corresponding to the number of the set of bias yarns B is slidably accommodated between the guide members 12 in two upper and lower stages along the guide groove 12a. In this embodiment, the case where the number of the bias yarns B is 12 will be described. The guide block 13 is formed to have a width equal to the bias yarn pitch in the three-dimensional fabric F, and a pipe 15 through which the bias yarn B is inserted is provided at the center of the guide block 13 with a guide portion for guiding a vertical yarn insertion tool 14 described later. Is fixed in such a manner that one end protrudes toward the cloth front side so as to fulfill the role of.

As shown in FIG. 5, a support bracket 17 having a guide rod 16 extending in the longitudinal direction of the guide member 12 above and below corresponding to both ends of each guide member 12.
Are fixed, and each support bracket 17 has a block 18,
19 is supported movably along the guide rod 16. Both blocks 18 and 19 are air cylinders 20a and 2
0b enables reciprocation more than the bias yarn pitch. Grooves 21 extending in the longitudinal direction (width direction of the fabric) are formed on both ends of each guide member 12 so as to face each other. In the groove 21, a pair of operating members 22, 23 extending in the vertical direction perpendicular to the guide member 12 are arranged movably in the vertical direction and the longitudinal direction of the guide member 12 in a state of being engaged with the groove 21, respectively. The operating members 22 and 23 are connected to piston rods of air cylinders 24 a and 24 b fixed to the upper block 18, and
It is supported so as to be able to move up and down while being engaged with the guide grooves formed in 8 and 19. That is, both operating members 22, 2
3 is moved in the longitudinal direction of the guide member 12 by the operation of the air cylinders 20a and 20b, and is moved in the vertical direction by the operation of the air cylinders 24a and 24b.

When one of the operating members 22 is located at the standby position, a concave portion 22a is provided at a position corresponding to the lower guide block 13 so that one guide block 13 can be accommodated at the center thereof. Are formed. The other operating member 23 has a concave portion 23a at a position corresponding to the upper guide block 13 when the operating member 23 is arranged at the standby position, in which one guide block 13 can be accommodated at the center thereof. ing. In the reference state, five guide blocks 13 arranged in two stages, six by six, oppose each other, and one at each end is shifted. Both operating members 22 and 23 are provided over all the bias yarn feeders 5, and the guide blocks 13 of the respective bias yarn feeders 5 are operated in a synchronized state. The guide member 12
As shown in FIG. 3, a restricting portion 12b for restricting the guide block 13 from moving more than necessary is protruded from the guide groove 12a.

A warp guide pipe 25 for guiding the warp z is provided on each of the guide members 12 so as to play a role of guiding the vertical thread inserter 14 together with the pipe 15 projecting from the guide block 13. They are fixed on the same straight line in the vertical direction and one end protrudes to the cloth fell side. On the front side (weaving front side) of each of the guide members 12 (excluding the lowermost one), a housing portion 27 for housing an opening bar 26 at a position below the warp guide pipe 25 is provided.
2 over the entire length.

As shown in FIG. 5, a pair of support frames 11b are disposed outside the support frame 11a, and an opening bar 26 is provided in the support frame 11b as shown in FIGS. Guide holes 28a, 28b as guide passages for guiding between a standby position in the inside and an operating position in front of the pipe 15 and engaging with the warp z and the bias yarn B.
Are formed. Three guide holes 2 formed on the upper side
8a is formed in a substantially L-shape including a horizontal portion extending horizontally from the tip of the pipe 15 to the front in a state corresponding to the housing portion 27 and a vertical portion extending perpendicularly upward from the end thereof. The formed three guide holes 28b are formed symmetrically with the guide holes 28a. In order to allow the warp shedding bar 26 to move, the support frame 11a is formed with a concave portion which communicates with the housing portion 27 and is opened forward. Both ends of each opening bar 26 pass through the guide holes 28a and 28b, and
1b. One end of the extension bar 26 is hooked to the other end of the tension spring 30 hooked on a hook pin 29 projecting from the rear of the outer side of the support frame 11b.
It is urged in the direction to move to the 7 side.

A pair of air cylinders 31, 32 are fixed to both support frames 11b in front of the air cylinders 20a, 20b disposed on the upper side. ,
34 are connected so as to extend in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 3, a recess 33a which is opened rearward is formed in one of the operation plates 33 at a position corresponding to the upper three guide holes 28a, and is formed at a position corresponding to the lower guide hole 28b. An engagement groove 33b engageable with the opening bar 26 is opened rearward and is spaced at equal intervals from the guide hole 28b.
Individually engaged. The other operation plate 34 has a concave portion 34a which is opened rearward at a position corresponding to the lower three guide holes 28b.
At the position corresponding to 8a, three engaging grooves 34b engageable with the opening bar 26 are opened rearward and are engaged with three guide holes 28a at equal intervals. Both operating plates 33,3
4 is an engagement groove 33 formed by the operation of the air cylinders 31 and 32.
b and 34b are vertically moved between a position facing the horizontal portions of the guide holes 28a and 28b and a position facing the ends of the vertical portions of the guide holes 28a and 28b. FIG.
As shown in (1), the air cylinder 31 for one operation plate 33 is always kept in a state where the piston rod is retracted, and is protruded when the opening bar 26 is arranged at the opening position. The air cylinder 32 for the other operation plate 34 is always kept in a state where the piston rod is protruded, and is immersed when the opening bar 26 is arranged at the opening position.

As shown in FIG. 6, a pair of upper and lower support brackets 35 is fixed to the outside of the support frame 11b, and two guide rods 36 are supported in parallel between the two support brackets 35. A support 37 is slidably supported on the guide rod 36, and pulleys 38 and 39 are mounted on the support 37.
Is fixed so as to be integrally movable. An air cylinder 41 is fixed to the support 37,
At the tip of the piston rod of the air cylinder 41, when the air cylinder 41 is operated, the opening bar 26 engages with the end of the opening bar 26 waiting in the accommodating portion 27 and the guide bar 28
An engaging member 41a that presses and moves to the front end of the horizontal portion of a, 28b is fixed. The pulley 38 is rotated in both forward and reverse directions by a drive unit (not shown), and the support 37 is
8, the ascending member 41a of the air cylinder 41 is moved to a position corresponding to the predetermined opening bar 26. The two operation plates 33, 34, the tension spring 30, and the air cylinder 4;
Actuation means of the opening bar 26 is constituted by 1 and the like.
Further, an opening device for expanding the warp layer and the bias yarn layer by the opening bar 26 and the operating means is formed. That is, the opening device is provided in the space that was not originally used in the installation space of the bias yarn feeder 5.
Therefore, even if the number of warp layers and bias yarn layers increases, the space newly required for providing the shedding device may be small, and the size of the entire device can be reduced.

Between the weaving frame 4 and the bias yarn feeder 5, the vertical yarn y fed from the vertical yarn supply section 42 is moved up and down by a vertical movement of the warp z group at a position rearward of the intersection of the bias yarn B. A vertical thread insertion device 43 that functions to insert into the inside is provided. As shown in FIG. 7, the vertical thread insertion device 43 has a guide rod 44 extending in the vertical direction supported by a bracket 45 at an upper position corresponding to substantially the center between the weave frame 4 and the bias yarn feeder 5. . A support bracket 46 is slidably supported by the guide rod 44, and the support bracket 46 is movably connected to a piston rod 47a of a cylinder 47 as first moving means. A support rod 48 is fixed to the tip of the support bracket 46 so as to be slightly lowered and inclined from the cloth fell side toward the bias yarn feeder 5 side, and the vertical rod insertion tool 14 is supported by the support rod 48. When the vertical thread insertion tool 14 is disposed at the vertical thread insertion position, a pressing portion 49a extending in the thickness direction of the fabric near the cloth fell position is formed to be longer than the thickness of the fabric, and is continuous with the pressing portion 49a. And a plurality of vertical thread insertion pieces 49 having a guide portion 49b extending obliquely downward and forward toward the bias yarn feeder 5 side, and each of the vertical thread insertion pieces slidably supported along the support rod 48. A base 50 is fixed to the support 50 at a pitch substantially the same as the pitch of the bias yarn B in the fabric. An air cylinder 51 as a second moving means is fixed to the support bracket 46, and the support 5 is attached to a piston rod of the air cylinder 51.
0 is linked. The vertical thread insertion tool 14 is moved between the vertical thread insertion position and the standby position by the operation of the cylinder 47, and is moved to the cloth fell side at the vertical thread insertion position by the operation of the air cylinder 51. At the tip of the vertical thread insertion piece 49, there is formed a yarn introduction hole 52 through which the vertical yarn y is inserted, and a through hole 53 through which an auxiliary bar (not shown) used for fastening the vertical yarn y is inserted. ing.

A vertical thread tightening device 54 is provided between the vertical thread supply unit 42 and the vertical thread insertion tool 14. The vertical yarn tightening device 54 includes a pair of guide bars 55 arranged at predetermined positions, and a tightening bar 5 arranged between the two guide bars 55 and moved downward by a driving device (not shown).
And a guide bar 5 on the supply side of the vertical thread y during the tightening operation.
5 and a brake (not shown) for pressing and holding the vertical thread y. At times other than the tightening operation, the tightening bar 56 absorbs the slack of the vertical yarn y from the vertical yarn supply section 42 to the cloth fell by its own weight. On one side corresponding to the space between the weaving frame 4 and the bias yarn feeder 5, a vertical yarn y continuing from the yarn introduction hole 52 of the vertical yarn insertion piece 49 to the cloth fell is engaged with the vertical yarn y. y
The engagement rods 58 and 59, which are movable to a position for guiding the cloth so as to extend in the vertical direction from the cloth fell, are movably disposed between an operation position intersecting with the warp layer and a standby position retracted from a position corresponding to the warp layer. Has been established.

The weft insertion device 60 for inserting the weft yarn x between the warp layer and the vertical yarn y or between the warp layer and the bias yarn layer is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, it is arranged on the side of the warp group. As shown in FIG. 8, a support plate 62 is rotatably supported on one end of a support bracket 61 fixed to a frame (not shown) of the three-dimensional loom by a support shaft 63 extending in the width direction of the three-dimensional fabric. Have been. A bracket 64 fixed at a predetermined position below the support plate 62 includes a support substrate 65.
Are rotatably supported via a support shaft (not shown) extending parallel to the support shaft 63. A ball screw mechanism is mounted on the support substrate 65 so that its screw shaft 66 extends in the vertical direction perpendicular to the support substrate 65. A nut portion (not shown) of the ball screw mechanism is supported rotatably and non-linearly movable with respect to the support substrate 65, and a toothed pulley 67 into which the screw shaft 66 is loosely inserted at the upper end of the nut portion integrally rotates. It is fixed as possible. A motor M which can be driven forward and reverse is fixed to the support substrate 65, and the toothed pulley 68 and the toothed pulley 67 which are fitted and fixed to the drive shaft thereof are fixed.
A toothed belt 69 is wound around. An upper end of the screw shaft 66 is provided with a protrusion 62 a protruding from the lower surface of the other end of the support plate 62 and a pin 7 extending in parallel with the support shaft 63.
0. Then, the screw shaft 66 is moved up and down with the forward and reverse rotation of the motor M, and the support plate 62 is rotated about the support shaft 63 as a rotation center.

On the upper surface of the support plate 62, an L-shaped lever 71 is rotatably supported at one end by a shaft 72. A pair of links 73 are rotatably connected to the lever 71 at one end by a pin 74, and a weft insertion rapier 75 is connected to the other end by a pin. Lever 71, link 73 and rapier 75 for weft insertion
Form a parallel four-bar link. When the weft insertion rapier 75 is arranged at the cloth fell position, a pressing surface 76 extending parallel to the cloth fell position is formed longer than the width of the fabric, and the weft insertion rapier 75 is arranged at the tip at the cloth fell position. At this time, a thread conducting hole 75a is formed to guide the weft x continuing from the three-dimensional fabric F to the weft supply unit 77 to the weave front side of the pressing surface 76. A trunnion type cylinder 78 is mounted on the lever 71 so as to be rotatable about a pivot 79, and the tip of the piston rod is connected to one of the links 73 with a pin. The support bracket 8 is provided on the upper surface of the support plate 62.
A cylinder 81 is rotatably supported at its base end by a shaft 82 on the support bracket 80, and the distal end of the piston rod 81a is
Is pin-connected.

A detection sensor 83 is attached to the support bracket 61 at a position below the support shaft 63. On the other hand, an arc-shaped mounting plate 84 is fixed to the lower surface of the support plate 62 so as to be orthogonal to the support bracket 61 at a position below the support shaft 63 and corresponding to the detection sensor 83. Are projectingly provided at predetermined intervals.
When the support plate 62 is arranged in a state where the inclination of the weft insertion rapier 75 corresponds to the openings of the warp layers and the bias yarn layers formed by the operation of the opening device, the detected portion 85 They are arranged at corresponding positions.

Next, the weaving operation of a three-dimensional woven fabric by the above-described apparatus will be described. First, the operation of the weft insertion device 60 will be described. The weft insertion rapier 75 is disposed at a standby position retracted from the warp group in a state where the piston rod 81a of the cylinder 81 is retracted. In this state, the inclination of the weft insertion rapier 75 is adjusted to an angle corresponding to the inclination of the warp opening to be inserted next. The forward rotation of the motor M causes the toothed pulleys 67 and 68 and the toothed belt 6 to rotate.
9, the ball screw mechanism is driven and the screw shaft 6
6 is raised, and the support plate 62 is rotated clockwise in FIG. When the motor M is driven in reverse, the screw shaft 66 is lowered, and the support plate 62 is rotated around the support shaft 63 in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. When the amount of protrusion of the screw shaft 66 from the upper surface of the support substrate 65 is maximum, the support plate 62 is attached to the weft insertion rapier 75.
Is disposed at a position corresponding to a position between the lowermost warp layer and the vertical yarn y. Further, after the driving of the motor M is started, the detection sensor 83
Is stopped at the time when it corresponds to the next detected part 85, whereby the weft insertion rapier 75 has an inclination corresponding to the weft insertion opening and is arranged at a side position of the opening. Is done.

When the piston rod 81a projects by the operation of the cylinder 81, the lever 71 at the standby position
Is rotated about the shaft 72 in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 8 and is arranged at the operation position approaching the fabric, and the weft insertion rapier 75 enters the warp opening. Further, the trunnion type cylinder 78 is operated while the weft insertion rapier 75 enters the warp shedding, the piston rod is retracted, and the link 73 is rotated about the pin 74 in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. . As a result, when the lever 71 is rotated to the operation position where the weft insertion rapier 75 is disposed in the warp shed, the weft insertion rapier 75 is separated from the weave with the pressing surface 76 being parallel to the weave. Placed in the position. In this state, when the trunnion type cylinder 78 is further operated and its piston rod is retracted, the weft insertion rapier 75 is moved toward the cloth fell. As a result, the weft x extending from the end of the three-dimensional fabric F to the yarn conducting hole 75a is arranged at the weaving position, and immediately after being arranged at the weaving position, the pressing surface 76 of the weft insertion rapier 75 is used to adjust the weaving position. Is pressed. Thereafter, the piston rod is protruded by the operation of the trunnion type cylinder 78, the link 73 is rotated clockwise to move the weft insertion rapier 75 away from the weave, and the piston rod is operated by the operation of the cylinder 81. When the lever 81a is immersed, the lever 71 is rotated clockwise in FIG. Thus, the weft insertion rapier 75 is moved to the standby position.

Next, the feeding operation of the bias yarn B by the bias yarn feeding device 5 will be described. A reference shown in FIG. 9A in which one of the lower guide blocks 13 is accommodated in the concave portion 22a of one operating member 22 and one of the upper guide blocks 13 is accommodated in the concave portion 23a of the other operating member 23. From this state, the air cylinders 24a and 24b are operated, and one of the operating members 22 is moved upward and the other is moved downward by a distance equal to the height of the guide block 13, and the air cylinders 24a and 24b are engaged with the operating members 22, 23. The guide block 13 in FIG.
The state shown in FIG. Next, the air cylinder 20b is actuated, the other actuating member 23 is moved outward (to the left in FIG. 9B), and the engagement between the recess 23a and the guide block 13 is released, and FIG. State. At this time, the movement of the guide block 13 engaged with the concave portion 23a is regulated by the regulating portion 12b.
By the movement of 3, the engagement between the recess 23a and the guide block 13 is reliably released. Then, the air cylinder 24
b is actuated, the operating member 23 is moved upward again, and the recess 23a is brought into the state shown in FIG. 10A corresponding to the upper guide block 13.

From this state, both air cylinders 20a, 20a
b is operated in a synchronized state, and one of the operating members 22 is moved outward and the other is moved inward by the width of the guide block 13. Thereby, each of the lower guide blocks 13 is moved to the right side in FIG. 10A by the pressing force of the other operating member 23, and the guide block 13 disposed at one end of the upper stage and one of the operating members 22 are moved. The engagement with the concave portion 22a is released, and FIG.
The state shown in FIG. Next, one of the air cylinders 24a is actuated, and the actuating member 22 is moved down to a position where the concave portion 22a thereof corresponds to the lower guide block 13 and FIG.
The state shown in FIG. From this state, one of the air cylinders 20a is actuated, and the actuating member 22 is moved inward.
Is moved to the left side of FIG. The guide block 13 arranged at the other end of the upper stage engages with the concave portion 23a of the other operating member 23, and the guide block 13 arranged at one end of the lower stage engages with the concave portion 22a of the one operating member 22. Returning to the state of FIG.
One horizontal movement of the bias yarn B for one pitch is completed. In the same manner, the guide block 13 is circulated and moved in a predetermined direction along the loop-shaped movement path, and the lateral feeding operation of the bias yarn B is sequentially performed. Thus, the operation members 22 and 23
Since the bias yarn feeder can be operated only by reciprocating movement in the direction, the drive unit can be downsized.

By the operation described above, the engaging portion between the bias yarn B and the guide block 13 is moved from the lower layer to the upper layer at one end (one operating member 22 side) in the width direction of the three-dimensional fabric F, and the other end. (The other actuating member 23 side) is moved from the upper layer to the lower layer side, and furthermore, the upper layer and the lower layer are moved in opposite directions, respectively. Are arranged so as to have a tilt in one direction. In addition, the chain 7 of the bias yarn supply unit 2 is driven in synchronization with the lateral feeding operation of the bias yarn B by the operation of the bias yarn feeder 5, and the yarn guide 8 into which each bias yarn B is inserted is connected to each guide block 13 Are moved in the same direction with the movement of. Therefore, the path of each bias yarn B from the yarn guide 8 to the cloth fell via the guide block 13 does not twist (interlace).

Next, the operation of the opening device will be described. When the opening device is in the standby state, the engagement grooves 33b and 34b of the operation plates 33 and 34 are connected to the guide holes 28 of the support frame 11b.
3, the opening bar 26 is engaged with the rear ends of the horizontal portions of the guide holes 28a, 28b by the action of the tension spring 30, that is, the storage portion, as shown in FIG. 27 is held at a standby position housed in the housing. The air cylinder 41 for moving the opening bar 26 in the horizontal direction has its piston rod held in a retracted state, and the engaging member 41a is arranged at a position where it cannot be engaged with the opening bar 26. In this state, the driving device of the support 37 is driven, and the support 37 is moved to a position corresponding to the opening bar 26 (third from the bottom) to be moved to the opening position. Next, the air cylinder 41 is actuated to project the piston rod, and the engaging member 41a engages with the opening bar 26 to cause the opening bar 26 to correspond to the front end of the horizontal portion of the guide hole 28b against the urging force of the tension spring 30. To the position you want. As a result, the opening bar 26 escapes from the storage portion 27, and is moved from the distal ends of the pipe 15 and the warp guide pipe 25 to a front position to be engaged with the bias yarn B and the warp z. Next, the air cylinder 31 is actuated to move the operation plate 33 downward, and the opening bar 26 is moved downward along the vertical portion of the guide hole 28b. Then, with the downward movement of the opening bar 26, the bias yarn B and the warp yarn z engaged with the opening bar 26 are pushed down,
The distance between the bias yarn layer and the warp layer above the opening bar 26 is increased to form an opening. Then, the operation plate 33 is held at the position until the weft insertion of the weft x into the opening by the weft insertion device 60 is completed.
After the insertion of the weft yarn x into the opening is completed, the air cylinder 31 is operated, and the operating plate 33 is moved up to a position where the engaging groove 33a corresponds to the horizontal portion of the guide hole 28b. With the movement of the operation plate 33, the opening bar 26 rises along the vertical portion of the guide hole 28b, and the guide bar 28
When it moves to a position corresponding to the horizontal portion of b, the engagement groove 33b of the operation plate 33 is brought into a state corresponding to the horizontal portion of the guide hole 28b. Then, the air cylinder 41 is actuated, the piston rod is retracted, the engaging member 41a returns to the retracted position where the engaging member 41a cannot be engaged with the opening bar 26, and the opening bar 26 is moved by the urging force of the tension spring 30 to move the engaging member 41a. Is moved to the rear end of the horizontal portion of the guide hole 28b while returning to the standby position accommodated in the accommodation portion 27. Thereafter, the support 37 is moved to the next opening bar 2 to be operated.
It is moved to the position corresponding to 6.

When the opening bar 26 engaged with the upper guide hole 28a is to be moved to the opening position, the opening bar 26 is firstly moved by the action of the engaging member 41a in the horizontal portion of the guide hole 28a as described above. The operation bar 34 is moved upward by the operation of the air cylinder 32 in this state, and the opening bar 26 is moved upward along the vertical portion of the guide hole 28a. Then, after the insertion of the weft yarn x into the opening is completed, when the operation plate 34 is moved downward,
The opening bar 26 returns to the original standby position by the action of the tension spring 30.

Next, the weaving procedure will be described with reference to FIGS. (Note that, for the sake of simplicity, the numbers of the warp z and the bias yarn B and the thickness of the three-dimensional fabric F are different from those in FIG. 7.) At the start of the weaving of the three-dimensional fabric F, the yarn support plate 3 is attached to the front frame. The warp z, which is arranged at a position close to the warp 4 and is fed from the warp beam 1a, stops on the yarn support plate 3 via the warp guides 10a and 10b and the warp guide pipe 25 attached to the guide member 12 of the bias yarn feeder 5. It is set in a worn state. Each pair of bias yarns B is set to be fixed to the support plate 3 via the yarn guide 8 of the bias yarn supply unit 2 and the pipe 15 of the guide block 13 of the bias yarn feeder 5. The warp z and the bias yarn B have a widthwise interval equal to the warp pitch and the bias yarn pitch in the three-dimensional woven fabric F, respectively, and the center of the weaving frame 4 in the thickness direction of the three-dimensional woven fabric F. It is set so as to be substantially symmetrical on the upper and lower sides toward the bias yarn feeder 5 side.

In the reference state for one cycle of the weaving operation, the vertical thread insertion tool 14 is provided with the warp thread provided on the guide member 12 in which the tip of the vertical thread insertion piece 49 is disposed at the uppermost part of the bias yarn feeder 5. It is arranged at a standby position located near and above the guide pipe 25. In the weft insertion device 60, the weft insertion rapier 75 is arranged at the standby position, and the support plate 62 is arranged in an inclined state in which the weft insertion rapier 75 is located at a position corresponding to the uppermost opening.
Further, all the opening bars 26 are arranged at the standby position.

First, the vertical thread insertion tool 14 is moved downward from the reference state, and as shown in FIG. 11 (a), the vertical thread insertion piece 49 is arranged at a position where its tip and the guide portion 49a reach below the warp layer. You. At this time, since the distal end of the vertical thread insertion piece 49 moves so as to pass between the pipe 15 and the warp guide pipe 25, even if the interval (pitch) in the width direction of the bias yarn B and the warp z is narrow, the vertical yarn insertion is performed. The piece 49 is guided by the pipes 15 and 25 and is reliably inserted between the predetermined bias yarn B and the warp yarn z. 1 and 2, the interval between the pipe 15 and the warp guide pipe 25 is shown to be considerably larger than the thickness of the vertical thread insertion piece 49 for the sake of simplicity, but in fact, the vertical thread insertion piece 49 is formed by the pipe 15 and the warp guide. The pitches of the warp z and the bias yarn B are narrower as they come into contact with the pipe 25. Further, the crossing position of the bias yarn B is located far away from the cloth fell, but as the vertical yarn insertion piece 49 enters the warp layer and the bias yarn layer, the vertical yarn insertion piece 49
Guide 49 extending toward the pressing portion 49a from the tip of
b, the intersection of the bias yarn B is smoothly moved to the vicinity of the cloth fell. That is, unlike the conventional case, the bias yarn B
Is not moved to the cloth fell position by the vertical yarn y, but is moved by the engagement of the vertical yarn insertion piece 49 with the guide portion 49b. Is not damaged.

Next, the engagement rod 58 disposed below the vertical thread insertion piece 49 shown by a solid line in FIG.
Is arranged at a position where it enters between the rear end of the tip and the vertical yarn y connected to the cloth fell from the yarn introduction hole 52, and is horizontally moved from that state to a position below the cloth fell. Thereby, the vertical thread y is moved in an engagement state with the engagement rod 58, and is arranged in a state orthogonal to the three-dimensional fabric F. At the same time as the movement of the engagement rod 58, the air cylinder 51 is operated to move the vertical thread insertion tool 14 toward the cloth fell side, and the pressing portion 49a of the vertical thread insertion piece 49 is moved.
Is pressed to the weaving front position, and the weft x inserted in the previous weaving cycle is beaten. At this time, the intersection of the bias yarn B is reliably moved to the cloth fell position. And
After beating by the vertical thread insertion piece 49, the vertical thread tightening device 5
4, the vertical thread y is tightened. The tightening of the vertical thread y is performed by lowering the tightening bar 56 with the brake pressed against the guide bar 55. In the tightening operation of the vertical thread y, it is prevented that the vertical thread y bends at a steep angle near the tip of the vertical thread insertion piece 49, thereby increasing the friction between the vertical thread y and the vertical thread insertion piece 49. For this purpose, an auxiliary bar that engages with the vertical thread y and changes the path of the vertical thread y may be disposed at a position corresponding to the through hole 53 or the like.

Next, the cylinder 47 is operated to move the vertical thread insertion tool 14 upward, and the vertical thread insertion piece 49 is moved to the position shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), it returns to the standby position retracted from the warp layer. Further, the engagement rod 58 is horizontally moved to a position near the bias yarn feeder 5, and the state shown in FIG. From this state, the shedding device is operated to increase the distance between the warp layer and the bias yarn layer in order from the top, and between the warp layer and the bias yarn layer, the weft x forms a loop at the tip by the weft insertion rapier 75. It is inserted in a folded shape to be formed. Then, after the insertion of the weft yarn x between the vertical yarn y connected to the engaging rod 58 and the lowermost warp layer from the cloth fell and the state shown in FIG.
Is moved to the standby position, and the engagement between the engagement rod 58 and the vertical thread y is released. The looseness of the vertical thread y released from the engagement with the engagement rod 58 is absorbed by the weight of the tightening bar 56, and the state shown in FIG. 13B is obtained. In this state, the other engagement rod 59 is disposed at a position where it enters between the vertical yarn y continuing from the yarn introduction hole 52 of the vertical yarn insertion piece 49 and the uppermost warp layer.

Next, the engaging rod 59 is horizontally moved to a position above the cloth fell, and the vertical thread y is arranged in a state perpendicular to the three-dimensional fabric F as shown in FIG. In this state, after the operation of tightening the vertical yarn y by the vertical yarn tightening device 54 is performed, at a plurality of locations between the warp layer and the bias yarn layer,
The beating for the vertical yarn y is performed by the beating bar 86, and the vertical yarn y is pressed against the cloth fell position. Next, the shedding device is operated to form openings in order from the lower side of the warp layer and the bias yarn layer, and the weft insertion rapier 75 is inserted into the corresponding opening.
As shown in FIG. 14, the weft x is inserted between the vertical yarn y and the uppermost warp layer.
After the state shown in (b) is reached, the thread support plate 3 is moved, and the three-dimensional fabric F is moved by one pitch. Then, the bias yarn feeding device 5 and the bias yarn supply device 2 are operated, and each bias yarn B is moved one by one in the width direction of the three-dimensional fabric.
Moved by pitch. One cycle of weaving is completed by the above operation. Hereinafter, the same operation is repeated, and the three-dimensional fabric F is woven.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, instead of alternately arranging the warp layers and the bias yarn layers, the number of one of the layers is increased or the weft x is replaced by rapier. May be inserted by shuttle. or,
A device using two sets of screw shafts, such as a device proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2-136804, may be used as the bias yarn feeding device. Even in such a case, the use of the vertical thread insertion piece 49 of the present invention ensures that the intersection of the bias yarn B is moved to the cloth fell position. Alternatively, the number of the vertical thread insertion pieces may be changed, and the vertical thread may be inserted at twice or three times the pitch of the bias thread. When the function of the bias yarn feeder 5 is stopped when the five-axis three-dimensional loom of the present invention is used, a normal three-axis three-dimensional fabric is woven and the insertion of the weft x is stopped or the warp z By discontinuing the use of, a four-axis three-dimensional fabric is woven. In addition, the warp z and the bias yarn 1
By layering, a fabric similar to a four-axis (two-dimensional) fabric can be obtained. Also, in the above embodiment, the position of the weaving part is fixed,
We explained with the method of weaving while moving the position of the fabric,
The position of the woven fabric may be fixed, and weaving may be performed while moving the position of the weaving unit.

[0037]

As described above in detail, according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the vertical yarn insertion piece moves from the standby position to the vertical yarn insertion position, the crossing portion of the bias yarn is moved to the vertical yarn insertion piece. When the vertical yarn insertion tool is moved toward the cloth fell side for beating the weft yarn, the intersection of the bias yarn and the weft yarn is moved by the action of the guide portion. As it is pressed before weaving by the action,
Even when the warp density and the bias yarn density are increased, the warp and bias yarn pitches immediately before weaving are kept constant, the uniformity of the fabric is increased, and the yarn is damaged due to strong rubbing between the vertical yarn y and the bias yarn. This is also reliably prevented.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, even if the pitch of the bias yarn is reduced due to the high density, the vertical yarn insertion tool is surely inserted into a predetermined position and may damage the bias yarn. The opening bar that performs the opening operation to increase the interval between the warp layers or the warp layer and the bias yarn layer when inserting the weft is accommodated in a space that was not originally used in the standby state. Even if the number of layers is increased, the space newly required for providing the shedding device is reduced, and the space occupied by the driving section of the bias yarn feeding device is also reduced, so that the device can be downsized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the entire configuration of a three-dimensional loom.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a weaving state.

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic perspective view showing a main part of a bias yarn feeding device and an opening device.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a relationship between a rail and a guide block.

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a bias yarn feeding device and an opening device.

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a warp shedding device.

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view showing a relationship between a vertical yarn insertion device and a bias yarn feeding device.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a weft insertion device.

FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view showing the operation of the bias yarn feeder.

FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view showing the operation of the bias yarn feeder.

FIG. 11 is a schematic side view showing a weaving operation.

FIG. 12 is a schematic side view showing a weaving operation.

FIG. 13 is a schematic side view showing a weaving operation.

FIG. 14 is a schematic side view showing a weaving operation.

FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of a conventional device.

FIG. 16 is a schematic plan view of a conventional device.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 ... bias yarn supply unit, 4 ... weaving frame, 5 ... bias yarn feeder, 12 ... guide member, 13 ... guide block, 1
4 ... vertical thread insertion tool, 15 ... pipe as guide part, 2
2, 23 ... operating member, 26 ... opening bar, 27 ... accommodation part,
28a, 28b ... guide holes as guide passages, 30 ...
Tension springs constituting the operating means of the shedding device, 41: air cylinder, 42: vertical thread supply unit, 47: cylinder as first moving means, 49: vertical thread insertion piece, 49
a ... pressing part, 49b ... guide part, 51 ... air cylinder as second moving means, x ... weft, y ... vertical thread, z ... warp yarn, B ... bias yarn, F ... three-dimensional fabric.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Fujio Hori 2-1-1, Toyota-cho, Kariya-shi, Aichi Prefecture Inside Toyota Industries Corporation (56) References JP-A-2-191174 (JP, A) JP-A Heisei 3-76845 (JP, A) JP-A-4-2840 (JP, A) JP-A-4-11047 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) D03D 41/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of warp yarns (z) are stretched in a plurality of layers in a thickness direction of a woven fabric in a state of extending in a longitudinal direction of the woven fabric, so that a plurality of bias yarns (B) form a pair of two layers. At least one set in parallel with the warp layer and being in an engaged state with an engaging portion of the feeding device by a bias yarn feeding device disposed between the cloth fell position and the bias yarn supply portion. A pair of bias yarns (B) is moved by a predetermined pitch in a direction opposite to each other in each bias yarn layer in the width direction of the fabric in the width direction of the fabric, and the bias yarn (B) between the cloth fell position and the bias yarn feeder is moved. The vertical yarn (y) is inserted between the rows of the warp (z) and the opening of the bias yarn (B) in the thickness direction of the woven fabric on the bias yarn feeder side from the intersection of In a three-dimensional loom that inserts a weft (x) in the width direction of the fabric between the bias yarn layers The vertical thread (y) supplied from the vertical thread supply unit is provided so as to be movable between a vertical thread insertion position for inserting the vertical thread (y) into the warp layer and a standby position retracted from the warp layer, and is disposed at the vertical thread insertion position. When pressed, the pressing portion extending in the thickness direction of the fabric near the cloth fell position is formed to be longer than the thickness of the fabric, and continues to the pressing portion and extends obliquely forward from the cloth fell side toward the bias yarn feeder side. A vertical thread insertion tool in which a plurality of vertical thread insertion pieces having guide portions are arranged; first moving means for moving the vertical thread insertion tool to a vertical thread insertion position and a standby position; A three-dimensional loom provided with second moving means for moving the vertical thread insertion tool to the cloth fell side. 2. A plurality of warp yarns (z) are stretched in a plurality of layers in a thickness direction of the woven fabric in a state of extending in a longitudinal direction of the woven fabric, so that a plurality of bias yarns (B) form a pair of two layers. At least one set in parallel with the warp layer and being in an engaged state with an engaging portion of the feeding device by a bias yarn feeding device disposed between the cloth fell position and the bias yarn supply portion. A pair of bias yarns (B) is moved by a predetermined pitch in a direction opposite to each other in each bias yarn layer in the width direction of the fabric in the width direction of the fabric, and the bias yarn (B) between the cloth fell position and the bias yarn feeder is moved. The vertical yarn (y) is inserted between the rows of the warp (z) and the opening of the bias yarn (B) in the thickness direction of the woven fabric on the bias yarn feeder side from the intersection of In a three-dimensional loom that inserts a weft (x) in the width direction of the fabric between the bias yarn layers The bias yarns (B) are arranged in two stages corresponding to the number of the bias yarns (B) and are movably disposed along a guide member extending in the width direction of the woven fabric. The bias yarn (B) is inserted and the vertical yarn is inserted in such a manner that the bias yarn (B) can be circulated in a predetermined direction by engagement with a pair of operating members that extend in the width direction and reciprocate in the thickness direction and the width direction of the fabric. A bias yarn feeder provided with a guide block in which a guide portion for guiding the tool is protruded toward the cloth fell side; and a housing provided in a plane orthogonal to the warp layer at a position corresponding to the arrangement space of the guide block. An opening bar movably disposed along a guide passage between a standby position in the section and an operating position in front of the guide section and engaged with at least one of the warp yarn (z) and the bias yarn (B); bar Three-dimensional weaving machine provided with an opening device having an actuating means for moving arranged in the standby position and the working position.