JP3054280B2 - Sliding material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sliding material, and more particularly to a sliding material, which is excellent in wear resistance, lubricating sealability, heat resistance and strength, and has a long life like a rotary compressor vane. The present invention relates to a sliding material suitably used for a required sliding portion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A sliding material is used in a portion having at least one sliding surface of the above-mentioned members so that sliding between the members sliding with each other is favorably performed and the life of the members is improved. Such sliding materials are required to have properties such as wear resistance, lubricating sealability, heat resistance, and strength.

In order to increase the heat resistance of a sliding material, it is necessary to use a material having a low coefficient of friction and reducing adhesive shear wear and abrasive wear. Further, as described above, the sliding material is required to have a lubricating seal property with a mating material, heat resistance, and strength.

[0004] As a material satisfying such required characteristics, a sliding material for sealing, which utilizes the self-lubricating property of a carbonaceous material such as carbon powder or graphite powder and is reinforced with metal, has been widely known. . As such a carbon / metal composite sliding material, for example, a material obtained by impregnating a metal such as an aluminum alloy into a carbonaceous molded product, a material obtained by compositely molding a carbonaceous powder and the above-described metal, and the like are conventionally known.

[0005] However, these carbon / metal composite sliding materials do not sufficiently satisfy the above-mentioned required characteristics, and further improvement is required particularly in terms of wear resistance.

For this reason, attempts have been made to add a solid lubricant to the carbon / metal composite sliding material, and some of them have an effect depending on the use conditions, but they are still insufficient, and further improvement is desired. .

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention is to provide a sliding material which has significantly improved wear resistance and excellent lubricating sealability, heat resistance and strength. It is intended for.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, the present invention has been made up of a filler member composed of a specific carbonaceous powder and a certain amount of solid lubricant and a specific matrix member. The present invention has been accomplished by finding that the sliding material can achieve the above object.

That is, the sliding material of the present invention comprises: (a) a filler member comprising carbonaceous powder and a solid lubricant;
At least one matrix member selected from the group consisting of aluminum, an aluminum alloy, an antimony alloy and a copper alloy, wherein (a) the filler member is an anthracite calcined at 800 ° C. or more. Characterized in that 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight of a solid lubricant is mixed with 100 parts by weight of carbonaceous powder of at least one selected from coke, caking coal, and grafted coke. And

The (a) filler member referred to in the present invention comprises a carbonaceous powder and a solid lubricant.

[0011] Examples of the carbonaceous powder include anthracite, coke or coking coal calcined at 800 ° C or more, grafted coke, and mixtures thereof. The average particle diameter of these carbonaceous powders is preferably 5 to 50 μm. Such carbonaceous powder is used because it has a high hardness, has a strong shearing force, and hardly adheres, thereby contributing to an improvement in wear resistance. At the same time, it contributes to improving the strength of the sliding material. Among these inorganic powders, anthracite is particularly preferably used because the particles themselves are not porous like coke but dense and hard. Furthermore, true specific gravity is 1.65-1.
The calcined anthracite of 85 has the remarkable effect described above.

On the other hand, solid lubricants include artificial graphite, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide,
One or a mixture of two or more selected from fluorinated graphite is used. Among them, artificial graphite has a micro-layered structure, and imparts lubricity by sliding between layers and adsorbing water and oxygen. Other solid lubricants have lubricating properties due to the sliding effect because they have a micro-layered structure.

The solid lubricant is mixed in an amount of 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the carbonaceous powder. If the mixing amount of the solid lubricant is less than 0.01 part by weight, the effect of the present invention cannot be exerted. If the mixing amount exceeds 5.0 parts by weight, the mechanical properties are reduced and the lubricating film is not stable. And the sliding performance tends to vary.

In the present invention, the ratio (D / D) of the average particle size (D) of the solid lubricant to the average particle size (d) of the carbonaceous powder is used.
d) is desirably 0.5 to 0.05. If the ratio is outside the above range, the sliding performance tends to decrease, which is not preferable. That is, if D / d exceeds 0.5, microscopically, the uniformity of the structure is impaired, and D / d becomes 0.05.
If it is less than 1, segregation tends to occur, and it is difficult to obtain a stable sliding material.

On the other hand, as the matrix member, at least one selected from aluminum, an aluminum alloy, an antimony alloy and a copper alloy is used. Specific alloys include aluminum-silicon alloys (JI
S AC8A, JIS AC4D, etc.), antimony-
Examples include a tin alloy and a copper-antimony alloy.

It is desirable that the volume ratio between the filler member and the matrix member is 1: 3 to 1: 0.5, and if it is outside this range, the mechanical properties deteriorate, which is not preferable.

The sliding material of the present invention is a molded article in which the above-mentioned filler member is bonded via a matrix member. Further, most of the filler member is bonded via a matrix member without contacting each other,
That is, it is preferable that the filler member is sufficiently dispersed in the matrix member.

Next, a method for manufacturing the sliding material of the present invention will be described. In the present invention, first, carbonaceous powder as a filler member and a solid lubricant are mixed using a V-type mixer or the like, and the mixture is filled into a container of a desired shape made of metal or the like. At that time, it is preferable to adjust the porosity of the filler member in the container to a desired ratio by tapping or pressurizing as necessary.

Next, the above-mentioned container is evacuated and decompressed,
Preferably, the pressure is set to several mmHg or less. Then, the molten metal of the matrix member flows into the container, preferably, is press-fitted, and preferably, subsequently, the inside of the container is maintained under pressurized conditions. The conditions for performing the above operation are not particularly limited, as long as the matrix member sufficiently penetrates into the filler member and the filler member is satisfactorily dispersed in the matrix member in the obtained sliding material. As a method for performing the above steps, an autoclave impregnation method or the like is suitably adopted, and a high-pressure solidification casting method can also be adopted. The melting temperature of the matrix member is 30
It is preferable to use a material kept at a high temperature of about 80 ° C. The pressing conditions are 50-100 kg / c.
m ² is preferable because the dispersion state of each component tends to be good.

Thereafter, the components in the container are cooled to obtain a molded body in which the filler member is bonded via the matrix member, and the method of manufacturing the sliding material of the present invention is completed.

The shape of the sliding material obtained by the manufacturing method of the present invention is arbitrary depending on the application, and can be formed by making the shape of the container used correspond to the shape of the desired sliding material. It is. Moreover, after taking out from a container, you may form by machining.

[0022]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be specifically described below based on embodiments and the like.

Example 1 An anthracite was calcined at 1000 ° C. to adjust its true specific gravity to 1.8. A carbonaceous powder having an average particle diameter of 20 μm and a molybdenum disulfide powder having an average particle diameter of 3 μm were mixed with carbonaceous powder 100 After mixing using a V-type mixer at a mixing ratio of 0.5 parts by weight of molybdenum disulfide powder to parts by weight, the mixture was filled in a prismatic iron container, and the gap was adjusted by tapping. D / d is 0.15.

Next, the container was placed in an autoclave, degassed and reduced to 3 mmHg,
Aluminum alloy melted and kept warm (JIS A
C8A, melting point: 535 ° C.)
After holding under pressure at 100 kg / cm ² for 30 minutes with nitrogen gas, cooling was performed to obtain a sliding material.

The composition and mechanical properties of the sliding material obtained in this example were as follows. [Pairs formed] - (carbonaceous powder) + (molybdenum disulfide powder) ... 60% by volume aluminum alloy ... 40 volume% [Mechanical Properties] Shore hardness ... 78 Flexural strength ... 2,500 kgf / cm ² Flexural modulus ... 3600kgf / mm ²

Next, 10 × 20 × 3.
A test piece of 2 (3.2 ^R ) mm was cut out and subjected to a friction and wear test using a roller tip type friction and wear tester under the following test conditions. As a result, the obtained operation time (h
FIG. 1 shows the relationship between r) and the coefficient of friction. The abrasion amount 20 hours after the start of the test was 0.5 mg.

[Test conditions] Number of rotations: 425 r. p. m. , Peripheral speed: 1 m / sec, mating material: FC25 (quenching) (φ45 mm), load: 60 kg / cm ² , oil: Sniso 4GS, oil temperature: 40 ° C, oil amount: 150 cc / min It was calculated from the amount of change in torque.

Comparative Example 1 The same carbonaceous powder as in Example 1 was used, no lubricant was added, and the same aluminum alloy as in Example 1 was used. The material was obtained.
This composition was almost the same as in Example 1, but the mechanical properties were a Shore hardness of 73 and a flexural strength of 2300 kgf / c.
m ² , and the flexural modulus was 3300 kgf / mm ² .

The sliding material was subjected to a friction and wear test in the same manner as in Example 1. The result is shown in FIG. The amount of wear after 20 hours from the start of the test was 1.2 mg.
Met.

Example 2 Anthracite having a true specific gravity of 1.65 calcined at 850 ° C. was used as the carbonaceous powder, and boron nitride powder was used as the solid lubricant. The boron nitride powder was used in an amount of 4.8 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the carbonaceous powder. D / d is 0.48.
On the other hand, aluminum alloy (JI
SAC4D) was used. Using such a material, a sliding material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

The composition and mechanical properties of the sliding material obtained in this example were as follows. [Composition] ・ (Carbonaceous powder) + (Boron nitride powder) 50% by volume ・ Aluminum alloy 50% by volume [Mechanical properties] ・ Shore hardness 65 ・ Bending strength 1950kgf / cm ²

The sliding material was subjected to a friction and wear test in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the friction coefficient after 20 hours was 0.07, and the wear amount was 0.7 mg. Further, the wear stability was almost the same as that of Example 1 and was good.

Example 3 True specific gravity 1.85 calcined at 1100 ° C. as carbonaceous powder
Anthracite was used, and graphite powder was used as a solid lubricant.
The graphite powder is 0.01 to 100 parts by weight of the carbonaceous powder.
Parts by weight were used. D / d is 0.2. On the other hand, an aluminum alloy (JIS AC8) is used as a matrix material.
A) was used. Using such a material, a sliding material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

The composition and mechanical properties of the sliding material obtained in this example were as follows. [Pairs formed] - (carbonaceous powder) + (graphite powder) ... 45% by volume aluminum alloy ... 55 volume% [Mechanical Properties] Shore hardness ... 76 Flexural strength ... 2,500 kgf / cm ²

The sliding material was subjected to a friction and wear test in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the friction coefficient after 20 hours was 0.09, and the wear amount was 0.6 mg. Further, the wear stability was almost the same as that of Example 1 and was good.

Example 4 Anthracite having a true specific gravity of 1.6 calcined at 800 ° C. was used as the carbonaceous powder, and tungsten disulfide powder was used as the solid lubricant. Tungsten disulfide powder is a carbonaceous powder 10
0.5 parts by weight was used per 0 parts by weight. D / d is 0.6. On the other hand, an aluminum alloy (JIS AC8A) was used as a matrix material. Using such a material, a sliding material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

The composition and mechanical properties of the sliding material obtained in this example were as follows. [Composition] ・ (Carbonaceous powder) + (Tungsten disulfide powder) ... 55% by volume ・ Aluminum alloy ... 45% by volume [Mechanical properties] ・ Shore hardness ... 66 ・ Bending strength ... 2200 kgf / cm ²

This sliding material was subjected to a friction and wear test in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the friction coefficient after 20 hours was 0.09, and the wear amount was 0.8 mg. The wear stability was inferior to that of Example 1, but was generally good.

Example 5 Anthracite having a true specific gravity of 1.9 calcined at 1300 ° C. was used as the carbonaceous powder, and boron nitride powder was used as the solid lubricant. The boron nitride powder was used in an amount of 1.0 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the carbonaceous powder. D / d is 0.08.
On the other hand, aluminum alloy (JI
SAC8A) was used. Using such a material, a sliding material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

The composition and mechanical properties of the sliding material obtained in this example were as follows. [Pairs formed] - (carbonaceous powder) + (boron nitride powder) ... 55% by volume aluminum alloy ... 45 volume% [Mechanical Properties] Shore hardness ... 78 Flexural strength ... 2,500 kgf / cm ²

The sliding material was subjected to a friction and wear test in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the friction coefficient after 20 hours was 0.09, and the wear amount was 0.8 mg. The wear stability was inferior to that of Example 1, but was generally good.

Example 6 Coke having a true specific gravity of 1.9 calcined at 1200 ° C. was used as the carbonaceous powder, and molybdenum disulfide powder was used as the solid lubricant. Molybdenum disulfide powder is a carbonaceous powder 10
0.5 parts by weight was used per 0 parts by weight. D / d is 0.05. On the other hand, aluminum was used as a matrix material. Using such a material, a sliding material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

The composition and mechanical properties of the sliding material obtained in this example were as follows. [Pairs formed] - (carbonaceous powder) + (molybdenum disulfide powder) ... 40% by volume aluminum ... 60 volume% [Mechanical Properties] Shore hardness ... 55 Flexural strength ... 2400kgf / cm ²

The sliding material was subjected to a friction and wear test in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the friction coefficient after 20 hours was 0.09, and the wear amount was 1.0 mg. Further, the wear stability was almost the same as that of Example 1 and was good.

Example 7 Caking coal was used as the carbonaceous powder, and fluorinated graphite powder was used as the solid lubricant. Fluorinated graphite powder, carbonaceous powder 1
1.2 parts by weight based on 00 parts by weight. D / d is 0.1. On the other hand, an antimony-tin alloy was used as a matrix material. Example 1 using such a material
A sliding material was prepared in the same manner as described above.

The composition and mechanical properties of the sliding material obtained in this example were as follows. [Composition] ・ (Carbonaceous powder) + (fluorinated graphite powder) ... 50% by volume ・ Antimony-tin alloy ... 50% by volume [Mechanical properties] ・ Shore hardness ... 62 ・ Bending strength ... 1900 kgf / cm ²

The sliding material was subjected to a friction and wear test in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the friction coefficient after 20 hours was 0.08, and the wear amount was 1.0 mg. Further, the wear stability was almost the same as that of Example 1 and was good.

Example 8 Graft coke graft-polymerized with polyacrylonitrile was used as the carbonaceous powder, and boron nitride powder was used as the solid lubricant. Boron nitride powder is carbonaceous powder 10
3.5 parts by weight was used per 0 parts by weight. D / d is 0.3. On the other hand, a copper-antimony alloy was used as a matrix material. Example 1 using such a material
A sliding material was prepared in the same manner as described above.

The composition and mechanical properties of the sliding material obtained in this example were as follows. [Pairs formed] - (carbonaceous powder) + (boron nitride powder) ... 50% by volume, copper - antimony alloy ... 50 volume% [Mechanical Properties] Shore hardness ... 58 Flexural strength ... 2200kgf / cm ²

The sliding material was subjected to a friction and wear test in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the friction coefficient after 20 hours was 0.08, and the wear amount was 1.0 mg. Further, the wear stability was almost the same as that of Example 1 and was good.

Comparative Example 2 Coke calcined at 1200 ° C. and having a true specific gravity of 2.0 was used as the carbonaceous powder, and boron nitride powder was used as the solid lubricant. The boron nitride powder was used in an amount of 5.3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the carbonaceous powder. D / d is 0.3.
On the other hand, aluminum alloy (JI
SAC4D) was used. Using such a material, a sliding material was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

The composition and mechanical properties of the sliding material obtained in this example were as follows. [Pairs formed] - (carbonaceous powder) + (boron nitride powder) ... 50% by volume aluminum alloy ... 50 volume% [Mechanical Properties] Shore hardness ... 50 Flexural strength ... 2,000 kgf / cm ²

The sliding material was subjected to a friction and wear test in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the friction coefficient after 20 hours was 0.10, and the wear amount was 1.4 mg. Further, the wear stability was almost the same as Comparative Example 1 and inferior.

As is clear from the comparison between Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, Examples 1 to 8 are superior in abrasion resistance, higher in hardness and higher in strength than Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Is also excellent.

[0055]

As described above, the sliding material of the present invention has extremely excellent abrasion resistance, mechanical properties,
It has excellent lubricating sealability and heat resistance. Therefore, by using the sliding material of the present invention, it is possible to realize a longer life of the sliding portion and an improvement in the sliding performance without necessarily using the liquid lubricant. Further, the sliding material of the present invention makes it possible to remarkably improve the performance of a sliding portion requiring a long life, such as a vane of a rotary compressor, and a sliding portion in a vacuum or an inert gas.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing a relationship between a friction coefficient and an operation time in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI C22C 21/00 C22C 21/00 E F04C 18/356 F04C 18/356 P (72) Inventor Kunio Inoshi Character stone quarry in Shirakawa City, Fukushima Prefecture 34-1 (72) Inventor Tokio Nakamori 43, Sanbancho, Shirakawa-shi, Fukushima Prefecture (56) References JP-A-57-9851 (JP, A) JP-A-5-202441 (JP, A) JP-A-7 -118777 (JP, A) JP-A-7-278722 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C22C 1/10, 1/05, 21/00 B22F 1/00 F04C 18/356

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A filler member comprising: (a) a carbonaceous powder and a solid lubricant; and (b) at least one matrix member selected from aluminum, an aluminum alloy, an antimony alloy, and a copper alloy. (A) 100 wt. Of carbonaceous powder wherein the filler member is made of at least one selected from anthracite, coke or caking coal, and grafted coke calcined at 800 ° C. or higher. A sliding material characterized by comprising 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight of a solid lubricant per part by weight. 2. The ratio (D / d) of the average particle diameter (D) of the solid lubricant to the average particle diameter (d) of the carbonaceous powder is 0.5.
2. The sliding material according to claim 1, wherein the value is from 0.05 to 0.05. 3. 3. The sliding material according to claim 1, wherein a volume ratio between the filler member and the matrix member is 1: 3 to 1: 0.5. 4. The solid lubricant according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the solid lubricant is at least one selected from artificial graphite, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, and graphite fluoride. The sliding material as described.