JP3047171B2 - Submerged slope greening method by spraying water purification base material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a revegetation method for vegetation on flooded slopes of dam lakes and rivers. The present invention relates to a revegetation method capable of resisting the action and physical impact, reducing adverse effects such as scouring action due to waves and the like, and preventing pollution of lake water or river water as much as possible.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 1, a so-called "flooded slope" (a slope near the water surface) always exists around a lake, pond or river typified by a dam lake. This “flooded slope” can become dry or submerged when the water level drops, because the water level of dam lakes and rivers fluctuates due to seasonal changes and the management of water storage. In other words, the flooded slope existing around the dam lake etc. is an environment in which sufficient growth of plants cannot be expected as it is, and as shown schematically in FIG. It is very devastated.

[0003] In other words, the flooded slope is apt to be scoured by the surface water on the shore and eroded by water currents and waves. It is easy to flow down. In order to prevent this phenomenon at an early stage, and to protect the landscape of dam lakes that cause turbidity downstream and to protect ecosystems such as fish, flooded slopes such as dam lakes are Vegetation must be grown according to environmental conditions.

[0004] On the other hand, for example, the water level of a dam lake changes in meters due to the four seasons, the season of drought, or the management of water flow through the dam. As a result, the flooded slope has a large area. It has been done. In other words, the “flooded slope” of the dam lake is in a very severe condition as a place where plants grow due to a large change in the lake water level.

[0005] Thick base material spraying combined with wire netting, which is carried out on the slope of bare water, and drying and shrinkage after spraying make it impossible to remove from the net or adhere to Ikeyama due to blockage. The water quality may be degraded due to returning to the bare land again due to the fall of the growing base, etc.

For this reason, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
A greening method has been developed as proposed in the publication. According to this greening method, according to the description of the claims in the above publication, as shown in FIG. 4, "a nonwoven fabric bag is stored in a plastic or metal mesh basket, and a vegetation base material is placed inside the bag. Dam lakes, lakes, ponds, etc. characterized by continuously installing filled greening boxes on bare slopes such as dam lakes, lakes and ponds and planting amphibious plants in the greening boxes The method of stabilizing the bare slopes of the canal slopes and rehabilitating and revegetating them is a "greening method."

[0007] The tree planting method proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-322731 is as follows: The planting environment, which is extremely harsh as a living environment for plants, such as a damped lake, a lake, a pond, and the like, is a bare slope. To be more buffered and overcome.・ Plant plants that can withstand repeated flooding and uncovering of dam lakes, lakes, ponds, etc., whose roots come out of the greening box and invade the slopes behind them, stabilize the ground for a long time. -Using plants to improve the landscape, such as dam lakes, lakes, ponds, etc., so that the landscape can be continuously adjusted to the surrounding environment. It is considered that these objectives have been achieved.However, since it is necessary to adopt a “greening box”, the following points still need to be improved. Is what it is.

In other words, flooded slopes in dam lakes, ponds, rivers, etc. when water levels fluctuate are washed by waves, and unless the power of these waves is overcome,
It not only causes soil particles to flow out of the base material put in the "greening box" but also suppresses the growth of roots of vegetation. Of course, if this kind of flooded slope is to be revegetated, its construction must be simple. Inundation slopes are often located in mountainous areas where there is no access path where it is difficult to carry in materials.In particular, such as dam lakes, steep slopes formed by excavation of rock or solidified concrete. Because there are slopes, it is not only a place where plant growth is difficult, but also a place where construction is difficult. In general, soft rocks and earth and sand on flooded slopes are easily collapsed.
In some cases, it is often steep,
Sometimes, it is not possible to wait for the greening plants to grow in the "greening box", so they must be protected at the same time as construction. Vegetation plants can be easily sprayed as germinating and germinating organisms such as seeds rather than planting seedlings, but in this case, the germinating and germinating organisms are damaged by the force at the time of spraying. You have to avoid it.

Therefore, the present inventors have conducted various studies on how to improve the above-mentioned conditions when greening a flooded slope in a dam lake or river. The present invention has been completed.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned background, and the problem to be solved is to protect the flooded slopes of dam lakes and rivers, as well as greening or Vegetation is also effective.

That is, first, the object of the invention according to claim 1 is that the construction on the flooded slope of a dam lake or a river is easy and the surface layer of the flooded slope can be protected immediately after the construction. To provide a method of greening a flooded slope that can sufficiently prevent erosion due to waves after construction, and that does not damage living organisms that germinate and germinate to produce greening. is there.

The object of the invention according to claim 2 is to achieve the same object as the invention of claim 1 and to provide a water purification base layer formed by the greening method by a flooding method. An object of the present invention is to make it possible to more firmly adhere and fix to a surface, and to make protection and greening of a flooded slope more effective.

[0013]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, means according to the first aspect of the present invention will be described with reference numerals used in the following embodiments.
"Growth base material made mainly of rock wool and peat moss 1
2, zeolite, bamuculite, carbon particles,
Water purification purification material 1 mainly composed of lime particles, Kanuma soil particles, etc.
3, erosion control material 14, fertilizer 15, seeds, above ground stalks,
At least one kind of germinating and living organisms 11 such as rhizomes
When spraying the water purification base material 10a consisting of
a) except for the erosion preventive material a in a dry state and mixing with a blower 20;
No. 4 and water are added and sprayed on the flooded slope 30 by the blower 20 ".

That is, in the method for greening a flooded slope according to the first aspect, first, the water purification base material 10a is blown onto the flooded slope 30 excluding a talus cone surface, a water source of a reservoir with little wave, and the like.
The water-purifying base layer 10 is formed by spraying with water at 0 ° C. In this case, the water-purifying base material 10a excluding the erosion preventing material 14 is mixed in a dry state by a blower 20, and separately from the liquid purifying base material 10a. It is necessary to add the preventive material 14 and water and spray the flooded slope 30 with the blower 20.

The reason why the above must be done is as follows.
By using a blower 20, in the dry material called the growth base material 12, the water purification reinforcement material 13, and the fertilizer 15 due to the buoyancy of air, the ground stems for vegetative propagation, such as shredded trunks, rhizomes, and brooms, which are easily damaged, By mixing living and germinating organisms 11 such as rhizomes, these germinating and living organisms 1
This is because one tissue must be transported to the flooded slope 30 without damaging it. Therefore, blower 20
Is transported by a large amount of air in a thick tube in a dry state, while transporting the growing base material 12, the water purification reinforcing material 13, and the germinating and germinating creature 11 to the water or erosion preventing material 14 at the tip nozzle 21. It has a structure in which both are mixed and sprayed by bringing the liquid into a spray state.

As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid such as water and the liquefied erosion preventive material 14 is sent separately from the air and liquid by the mini-pump 22 through another route which is provided separately from the thick pipe. And sprayed by the nozzle 21 at the tip. Therefore, the dry material is transported by a large amount of air with low resistance.

In the greening method of the present invention, the water purification substrate 10a
Based on the growth base material 12, the water purification reinforcing material 13, and the fertilizer 15, the living organisms 11 that germinate and germinate are mixed therein, and then water and a liquefied erosion preventing material 14 are added thereto, and the water is flooded. The water is sprayed on the slope 30. In this case, a wire mesh is laid as needed, and the water purification base material 10a is blown by the blower 20 on the flooded slope 30 covered with the wire mesh. That is, the purification base layer 10 is formed. Of course, when the slope of the flooded slope 30 is gentle,
Wire mesh need not be used.

Materials in a dry state for constituting the water purification base material 10a include a growth base material 2 mainly composed of rock wool and peat moss, zeolite, vermiculite, and the like.
A water purification / reinforcing material 13 mainly composed of carbon particles, lime particles, Kanuma soil particles, etc., a fertilizer 15, and a germinating and germinating living body 11 of at least one of seeds, shredded trunks, aboveground stems, rhizomes, etc. There is.

As the growth base material 12 in the water purification base material 10a, it is necessary to use the above-mentioned rock wool or peat moss as a main material. This is because these rock wools or peat moss can not only be a culture soil for living organisms 11 that germinate and germinate, but also absorb eutrophic substances such as organic substances contained in lake water or the like. This is because they have a function of retaining moisture as well as supplying nutrients to the germinating and living organisms 11.

Rock wool constituting the growth base material 12 is formed by dissolving natural rocks such as basalt or slag (granulated cotton or waste rock wool bed granules) at about 1500 ° C. to form fibrous materials. Is preferably a short fiber. Because rock wool, blower 20
This is because short fibers that do not become entangled before the spraying are preferably used in order to reliably perform the feeding and the injection in the blower 20. Since such rock wool is naturally natural and also inorganic, it does not weather or decompose,
It does not have any adverse effect on the natural environment, and is the most suitable material for use in this kind of flooded slope greening method.

In addition, since rock wool does not contain any organic substances per se, it does not eutrophize the water of lakes and rivers and is fiberized. Entanglement and surrounding of the reinforcing material 13 and the germinating and germinating living body 11 can be made sufficient. In other words, rock wool, which is a short fiber, can sufficiently improve the erosion resistance to water of the purification base layer 10 itself formed by the simple operation of simply spraying the spraying material onto the flooded slope 30. In particular, the purification base layer 10 can be sufficiently entangled with the water purification purification reinforcing material 13 and the germinating and germinating living body 11, and have sufficient erosion resistance to water. It can be.

The water purification purifying reinforcing material 13 is selected from bentonite, perlite, bentonite particles, isolite particles, shirasu, zeolite, montmorillonite, carbon particles, calcium compound particles, vermiculite, and Kanuma soil particles. Although it is a feature to employ more than species, these qualitative water purification reinforcing materials 13 do not contribute to the eutrophication of water in lakes and rivers, and are sufficiently entangled with rock wool, which is a short fiber. Therefore, it is very effective as a material for a spraying material for soil such as water-resistant granular material. Conversely, these substances
It has the function of adsorbing nutrients contained in the water of lakes and rivers and supplying absorbable nutrients to plants, thus preventing eutrophication of water in lakes and rivers. It is very effective.

In particular, bentonite is a kind of clay which is an underground resource and does not destroy the so-called natural environment. In addition, since it has high-quality montmorillonite-based cations, it retains nutrient organic matter. Has the function of effectively performing Therefore, the bentonite is intended to purify the water quality by adsorbing nitrogen, phosphoric acid and the like contained in the eutrophic water, and to use the adsorbed nutrients as nutrients for the germinating and germinating organism 11.

Zeolite has a function similar to that of bentonite, but has a higher basic substitution capacity, so that it can more effectively adsorb nitrogen, phosphoric acid, etc. contained in eutrophic water. And purify the water quality and use the adsorbed nutrients as nutrients for the germinating and germinating organisms 11.

The carbon particles are preferably obtained by carbonizing natural wood, and have a porous structure. That is, due to the porous structure, the carbon particles have not only a function of effectively retaining organic substances but also an excellent function of retaining moisture. Therefore, these carbon particles exhibit water purification and water retention functions, and exhibit a deodorizing effect, and can be used as a mineral fertilizer to supply a trace element of carbon, which is necessary for plants, and can also serve as a heat insulator for raising seedlings. It is.

Here, as the erosion preventing material 14, rock wool cement milk obtained by mixing rock wool with cement is considered to be effective. This rock wool cement milk converts the rock wool therein into a flooded slope 30.
The purification base layer 10 having high adhesion to the flooded slope 30 can be obtained by directly entangled with a wire mesh directly laid on the surface or a wire mesh previously laid on the surface thereof, and has less deformation, contraction, and expansion. The reason is that the rock wool is sufficiently adhered and fixed to the surface of the wire netting and the fragile flooded slope 30 by the cement as a cement, and protection on the flooded slope 30 can be directly performed.

Any fertilizer 15 can be used as long as it does not quickly dissolve in lake water or the like, as long as it has the effect for about one to three months. This is because if the fertilizer 15 melts out early, it will lead to eutrophication of lakes and marshes.

As described above, the purification base layer 10 formed on the flooded slope 30 is, as shown in FIGS.
A material integrated with the surface of the flooded slope 30 by mixing and spraying the erosion preventive material 14 such as the rock wool on the growth base material 12, the water purification reinforcing material 13 and the germinating and germinating living body 11. It is. Since green plants must germinate and grow from the porous buffer layer 10 itself, plant seeds, plant cut pieces such as chopped stems and branches for vegetative propagation, and ground stems are contained in the water purification base material 10a. In addition, a living organism 11 that germinates and germinates, such as a rhizome and a vegetative body having two buds, is required, and a water-purifying reinforcing material 13 and a growth base material 12 are required for the germinating and living organism 11 to grow sufficiently.

The plant for greening the flooded slope 30 is not limited to any kind of plant, and may be any of Meriken mugura and willows, reeds, ogi, dokudami, horsetail, etc. which may coexist with it. It is preferably a water-resistant or submerged-resistant plant of the aqueous plant group. This is because these plants are mainly those that naturally grow on the flooded slope 30 and the like, and are adapted to the natural environment of the flooded slope 30. In addition, since these plants germinate and grow at an early stage, they are extremely effective for industrially germinating and growing.

As a result, according to the revegetation method according to the first aspect of the present invention, the germinating and germinating living organisms 11 such as the shredded trunk branches, above-ground stems, and underground stems are not sprayed on the flooded slope 30. Therefore, when mixed with other materials constituting the water purification base material 10a, the tissue can be injured and, after being sprayed on the flooded slope, can sprout and grow without any hindrance. It is. After the water purification substrate 10a containing the germinating and germinating organism 11 is sprayed onto the flooded slope 30 to form the water purification base layer 10, the germinating and germinating organism 11 in the water purification base layer 10 is obtained. Are entangled in the growth base material 12, the water purification reinforcing material 13, and the erosion prevention material 14, and these germinating and germinating living organisms 11 are firmly fixed on the flooded slope 30 by the erosion prevention material 14. is there. Therefore, the flooded slope 3
0 indicates that scouring by surface water in the land does not occur due to the water purification base layer 10 itself and vegetation plants growing from the germinating and living organisms 11 in the water purification base layer 10. They are not eroded by waves or waves.

[0031] In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a second aspect is provided.
The means adopted by the invention according to the invention relates to the method for replanting a flooded slope according to claim 1, wherein the growth base material 12 has a rock wool capacity of 500 to 900 and a peat moss 500 to 900.
And the water purification reinforcing material 13 is in the form of particles or granules, and each of zeolite, vermiculite, carbon particles, lime particles, and Kanuma earth particles has a volume of 30 to 80 ". That is.

That is, in the greening method according to claim 2,
In adopting the method of claim 1, when the growth base material 12 has a rock wool of 500 to 900 volumes and a peat moss of 500 to 900 volumes, the water purification reinforcing material 13
In the form of particles or granules, and each of zeolite, vermiculite, carbon particles, lime particles, and Kanuma earth particles has a volume of 30 to 80.
By setting each material in the water purification base material 10a to such a ratio, the water purification base layer 1 formed on the flooded slope 30 is formed.
0 can maximize the adhesion strength to the flooded slope 30 and can provide a sufficient growth environment for the germinating and living organism 11.

Therefore, according to the method for greening the flooded slope according to the second aspect, the adhesion of the purification base layer 10 to the flooded slope 30 can be improved, and the growth base material can be improved. 12 and the rhizome space for the living organism 11 to germinate and germinate by the water purification reinforcing material 13,
Naturally, the flooded slope 30 is protected, so that the living organisms 11 that germinate and germinate can surely perform greening and vegetation and purify lake water and the like.

[0034]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The invention according to each of the above-mentioned claims will be described below with reference to the embodiments. In this embodiment, the ratios are as shown in the following mixing table. The water purification base material 10a is configured.

[0035]

The above-mentioned materials of Formulation Example 1 were put into a blower 20 while being in a dry state, and mixed with the two shoots of "Meriken Mugra" (Mizukane). Then, when these materials were sprayed onto the flooded slope 30 from the nozzle 21 of the blower 20 shown in FIG. 2, the erosion preventing material 14 having the following composition ratio was sprayed.

The fertilizer 15 used in some cases must be a coated fertilizer. This is because the fertilizer is covered by a resin coating, so that the so-called “effectiveness” of the fertilizer is slow and “slow-acting”, and this is the case for the eutrophication of water in lakes and rivers. Is prevented.

Material Mixing Example 2 of Erosion Inhibitor 14 Water / Cement Mixing Ratio = 10 l: 5 kg (Slurry Concentration: about 33%) Granular Rockwool: Slurry Cement = 1 kg: 1.5
l (2kg) m ² per, t (thickness) = 3.0 cm spray

[0039]

As described in detail above, in the first aspect of the present invention, as described in the above embodiment, "the growth base material 12 mainly composed of rock wool and peat moss, zeolite, A water purifying and reinforcing material 13 mainly composed of light, carbon particles, lime particles, and Kanuma soil particles, an erosion preventing material 14, a fertilizer 15, and a germinating and germinating life of one or more of seeds, above-ground stems, rhizomes and the like. The water purification base material 10a comprising the body 11 is flooded with
In spraying, first, the water-purified base material 10a excluding the erosion preventing material 14 is mixed in a dry state with a blower 20, and separately from this, a liquid erosion preventing material 14 and water are added, and the blower 20 is used. The fact that it is sprayed on the flooded slope 30 "has its structural feature.
Construction is easy on flooded slopes of dam lakes and rivers, and immediately after construction, the surface layer of flooded slopes can be protected, erosion due to waves after construction can be sufficiently prevented, and germination and germination for greening Thus, it is possible to provide a method for greening a flooded slope that can form a sufficient growth environment for the living organism without damaging the living organism.

That is, according to the greening method of claim 1, since the dry blower 20 that transports the dry material by the buoyancy of the air is used, it is used for vegetative propagation of chopped trunks, rhizomes, brooms and the like. The water-purified base material can be transported to the flooded slope and sprayed without damaging the tissues of the living organism 11 that germinates and germinates, such as the above-ground stem and the underground stem. This is because the structure of the blower 20 transports a dry growth base material, a water purification reinforcing material, or a powdered erosion inhibitor in a large tube by a large amount of air, and the water or erosion inhibitor is discharged by the nozzle 21 at the tip. This is because a liquid such as 14 is sprayed to mix and spray the two.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the method according to the first aspect of the present invention relates to a method for replanting a flooded slope, wherein the growth base material 12 is composed of 500 to 900 volumes of rock wool and 500 to 900 volumes of peat moss. And the water purification purifying reinforcing material 13 is in the form of particles or granules, and each of zeolite, vermiculite, carbon particles, lime particles, and Kanuma earth particles has a volume of 30 to 80 ". In particular, there is a structural feature, whereby the same object as in the first aspect of the present invention can be achieved. In addition, the base underlayer for the water purification base layer formed by the greening method is filled. Provide a method for greening flooded slopes that can be more strongly adhered and fixed to water slopes, and that can protect flooded slopes and make greening and vegetation more effective. Do But they can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged perspective view showing a flooded slope for implementing a greening method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional greening box.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Water purification base layer 10a Water purification base material 11 Germinating and germinating organism 12 Growth base material 13 Water purification purification material 14 Erosion prevention material 15 Fertilizer 20 Blower 21 Nozzle 30 Flooded slope

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Makino Makino 2-17-17 Asakawadai, Yawatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka (72) Inventor Tomoharu Yamamoto 1232-3, Tsumaki, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki Prefecture (72) Inventor Kei Kei Yamamoto 1056, Shukuchi-cho, Ogaki-shi, Gifu, Japan (56) References JP-A-5-247943 (JP, A) JP-A-7-155055 (JP, A) JP-A-4-247121 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02D 17/20 102

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A growth base material mainly composed of rock wool and peat moss, a water purification purifying material mainly composed of zeolite, bamuculite, carbon particles, lime particles, Kanuma soil particles, and an erosion prevention material. When spraying a water-purified base material comprising a fertilizer and one or more germinating and germinating organisms such as seeds, above-ground stems, and underground stems onto a flooded slope by a blower, first, the erosion of the water-purified base material is performed. The material except the prevention material is mixed in a dry state by the blower, and separately from the mixture, the liquid erosion prevention material and water are added and sprayed on the flooded slope by the blower. The method of greening the flooded slope. 2. The growth base material is rock wool 500.
And 900 to 900 volumes of peat moss, and the water purification reinforcing material is in the form of particles or granules, zeolite, vermiculite, carbon particles,
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein both the lime particles and the Kanuma soil particles have a volume of 30 to 80 volumes.