JP3040767B1 - Portable generator - Google Patents

Abstract

A PWM control signal generation circuit incorporated in a portable generator has difficulty in controlling an output voltage to a constant reference value due to the influence of a load. SOLUTION: This portable power generator forms a single-phase AC voltage after the AC voltage is once converted to DC, and includes a central control means (PWM) including a PWM signal generation unit (441) and an output voltage waveform monitoring unit (433). 310), the PWM signal generation unit forms a PWM control signal having a pulse width sequentially corresponding to the PWM reference value, and the output voltage waveform monitoring unit determines the voltage table value corresponding to each PWM reference value and the detected output. A corrected value obtained by subtracting a value obtained by multiplying the output current value detected from the voltage value by a constant is calculated and stored, and when the PWM signal generation unit forms the next PWM control signal based on the PWM reference value, , A portable generator that forms a PWM control signal based on a corrected reference value obtained by subtracting or adding a corrected value from a PWM reference value.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a portable generator for outputting an AC voltage such as 100 volts by rotating a generator by an engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Today, small generators that can be moved to a required place using a gasoline engine or a diesel engine and that can produce an output of several kilowatts have been frequently used. Have been. A portable generator capable of this movement outputs a single-phase AC voltage of 50 Hz or 60 Hz by setting the average output voltage to about 100 volts and the engine speed to a constant speed. There was a generator.

However, recently, there is a type in which an output voltage of an AC generator rotated by an engine is once converted into a DC voltage, and an inverter is used to form an output voltage having a constant frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz ( For example,
JP-A-63-114527, JP-A-63-30272
No. 4). In addition, a small portable generator that can output about several kilowatts to about ten kilowatts using an engine is not limited to a case where it is brought to a place of use and always performs a power generation operation in a movable state, but also a specific type. In some cases, such as when the usage period in a place continues, it may be fixedly installed and operated.

In a portable generator employing this inverter, as shown in FIG. 8, an AC generator 50 rotated by an engine, a rectifier diode 115 and a thyristor 111 are used.
A DC voltage generating circuit 110 using a DC power supply section 12 and a large-capacity capacitor 121 having a required number of capacitors in parallel.
0, and an inverter circuit 130 using a power transistor
And a low-pass filter 140. Further, as a control circuit for driving and controlling the power circuits such as the DC voltage generation circuit 110 and the inverter circuit 130, a PWM signal generation circuit
250, a voltage limiting circuit 240, an overload detection circuit 260, an inverter drive circuit 255, and the like. Further, the portable generator 100 also includes a smoothing circuit 210 and a constant voltage circuit 235 as a power supply unit for driving these control circuits.

As an AC generator 50 for rotating a rotor by this engine, a generator having a three-phase output winding 51 and a single-phase output winding 55 is often used. The three-phase output winding 51 has a maximum output of several hundred volts and can output about several tens of amps, and the single-phase output winding 55 has several tens of volts and can output about tens of amps. Many. The DC voltage generation circuit 110 to which the output terminal of the three-phase output winding 51 is connected,
A rectifying bridge circuit using three rectifying diodes 115 and three thyristors 111 is connected. Both output terminals of the rectifying bridge circuit are connected to both ends of a main smoothing capacitor 121 serving as a DC power supply unit 120, and a capacitor is connected. It charges the 121.

The gate terminal of each thyristor 111 in the DC voltage generating circuit 110 is connected to a voltage limiting circuit 240,
By controlling the conduction angle of each thyristor 111, the voltage across the main smoothing capacitor 121 serving as the DC power supply unit 120 is adjusted. The inverter circuit 130 is configured by a bridge circuit using four power transistors. In the inverter circuit 130, the first transistor 131
And the third transistor 133 are connected in series to the DC power supply unit 120, and the second transistor 132 and the fourth transistor 134 are connected in series to the DC power supply unit 120. Also, the first
A middle point between the transistor 131 and the third transistor 133 is connected to a first output terminal 151 via a low-pass filter 140, and a middle point between the second transistor 132 and the fourth transistor 134 is connected to a second output terminal via a low-pass filter 140. Connected to terminal 152. Further, the base of the first transistor 131 and the base of the fourth transistor 134 are connected in common to the inverter drive circuit 255, and the base of the second transistor 132 and the base of the third transistor 133 are connected in common to the inverter drive circuit 255. are doing.

[0007] The inverter drive circuit 255
The first PWM signal output to the transistor 131 and the fourth transistor 134 and the second PWM signal output to the second transistor 132 and the third transistor 133 are high-frequency pulse signals of several kilohertz or more. The pulse width is sequentially changed in a cycle of 50 Hz or 60 Hz, and the amount of change in the pulse width is a signal that is sequentially increased or decreased in a sinusoidal manner.

The first PWM signal and the second PWM signal have opposite phases. For this reason, when the first transistor 131 and the fourth transistor 134 are made conductive by the first PWM signal to set the midpoint between the first transistor 131 and the third transistor 133 to the voltage VD of the DC power supply unit 120, the second transistor 132 The midpoint of the second transistor 132 and the fourth transistor 134 is set to 0 volt, and the second PWM signal is
When the third transistor 133 is turned on, the midpoint between the first transistor 131 and the third transistor 133 is set to 0 volt, and the midpoint between the second transistor 132 and the fourth transistor 134 is set to the voltage VD. It is said.

As shown in FIG. 9A, the midpoint potential of the first transistor 131 and the third transistor 133 switches between 0 volts and the voltage VD of the DC power supply 120 at a high speed, and the DC power supply voltage The duration of VD changes sequentially. or,
As shown in FIG. 9B, the midpoint potential between the second transistor 132 and the fourth transistor 134 also switches between the voltage VD of the DC power supply 120 and 0 volts at a high speed, and the duration of the DC power supply voltage VD sequentially increases. Change.

For this reason, the first output voltage and the second output voltage that have passed through the low-pass filter 140 are, as shown in FIG.
A sine wave voltage of 50 Hz or 60 Hz, and
The voltage of the first output terminal 151 and the voltage of the second output terminal 152 are
50 Hz or 60 with maximum and minimum values shifted by half a cycle
It is formed as a hertz AC output voltage. The single-phase output winding 55 of the AC generator 50 is connected to a smoothing circuit 210 in the control power supply circuit, as shown in FIG.

The smoothing circuit 210 includes a rectifying diode 211
And a smoothing capacitor 215, a rectifier diode 211 is inserted between the output terminal of the single-phase output winding 55 and the smoothing capacitor 215, and the output voltage of the single-phase output winding 55 causes the smoothing capacitor 215 to The battery is charged to form a DC voltage. The number of rectifying diodes 211 is not limited to one as shown in FIG. 8, but a smoothing capacitor may be charged as a full-wave rectifying bridge using four rectifying diodes.

An output terminal of the smoothing circuit 210 is connected to a constant voltage circuit 235, and the constant voltage circuit 235 forms a predetermined voltage for driving a control circuit. Further, the constant voltage circuit 235 connects the negative terminal to the positive terminal of the DC power supply unit 120,
The positive terminal of the constant voltage circuit 235 is connected to the voltage limiting circuit 240, the PWM signal generating circuit 250, and the inverter drive circuit 240.

The voltage limiting circuit 240 is constituted by using a resistor and a comparator, and includes a first reference voltage resistor 245 and a second reference voltage resistor 246 in series with a positive terminal of the constant voltage circuit 235. Between the first reference voltage resistor 245 and the second reference voltage resistor 246 to the reference input terminal of the comparator 243. . Also, the first
The voltage dividing resistor 248 and the second voltage dividing resistor 249 are connected in series between the positive terminal of the constant voltage circuit 235 and the negative terminal of the DC power supply unit 120, and the first voltage dividing resistor 248 and the second voltage dividing resistor 249 are connected in series. The midpoint of the two-divided resistor 249 is connected to the comparison input terminal of the comparator 243.

Further, the output terminal of the comparator 243 is connected to the + terminal of the constant voltage circuit 235 via the control resistor 241 and also to the gate terminal of each thyristor 111 in the DC voltage generation circuit 110. ing. When the output terminal of the comparator 243 is connected to the gate terminal of each thyristor 111, it is connected via the protection resistor 117. Therefore, in the voltage limiting circuit 240, the constant voltage circuit 2 of the control power supply circuit is used.
The constant voltage formed at 35 is divided by the first reference voltage resistor 245 and the second reference voltage resistor 246 to form a constant reference voltage, and the constant voltage reference voltage is compared. Input to the reference input terminal of the detector 243.

Further, a voltage obtained by adding the output voltage of the DC power supply unit 120 and the constant voltage formed by the constant voltage circuit 235 is divided by the first voltage dividing resistor 248 and the second voltage dividing resistor 249, and the detection voltage is obtained. And the detection voltage can be input to the comparison input terminal of the comparator 243. Therefore, the detection voltage input to the comparison input terminal fluctuates due to the voltage fluctuation of the DC power supply unit 120, and this detection voltage is connected to the first reference voltage resistor 245 and the second reference voltage resistor 245.
When the voltage is lower than the reference voltage formed by the reference voltage resistor 246, the output of the comparator 243 is set to a positive potential.

Accordingly, the gate potential of the thyristor 111 can be made higher than the cathode potential of the thyristor 111, and a gate current is supplied to each thyristor 111 via the control resistor 241 to make each thyristor 111 conductive. Will be. Therefore, when the output voltage of the three-phase output winding 51 becomes higher than the voltage of the DC power supply unit 120, power is supplied to the DC power supply unit 120, and the voltage of the DC power supply unit 120 is increased.

When the voltage of the DC power supply 120 rises and the detection voltage input to the comparator 243 becomes equal to the reference voltage, the output of the comparator 243 becomes 0, and the gate potential of each thyristor 111 becomes the cathode potential. Equal, each thyristor 11
1 becomes non-conductive. As described above, the voltage limiting circuit 240 performs charging from the AC generator 50 when the voltage formed by the DC power supply unit 120 becomes lower than a certain voltage, and stops charging when the voltage reaches the certain voltage. Can be constantly maintained at a constant voltage VD set by the voltage limiting circuit 240 at about 170 volts to 200 volts.

Then, the potentials of the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 are changed at a constant cycle of 50 Hz or 60 Hz by the inverter circuit 130, and the first output terminal 151 is changed.
The maximum potential difference between the voltage of the second output terminal 152 and the voltage of
A single-phase AC voltage having an average voltage of 100 volts is output by applying 41 volts. A PWM signal generation circuit 250 that forms a PWM control signal for controlling the inverter circuit 130 includes:
A PWM control signal is formed from a reference sine wave such as 50 Hz or 60 Hz and a triangular wave and output to the inverter drive circuit 255.

The reference sine wave of the PWM signal generation circuit 250 is the frequency of the voltage output from the output terminal.
It is formed in accordance with a predetermined frequency such as Hertz or 60 Hertz, adjusts the ratio between the reference sine wave voltage and the triangular wave voltage, and outputs the output voltage VD of the DC The frequency of the pulse signal used as the PWM control signal, the pulse width, and the amount of change in the pulse width are determined by the characteristics of the circuit 130 and the low-pass filter 140.

Further, in this portable generator 100, a detection resistor 261 is provided between the DC power supply section 120 and the inverter circuit 130.
Is provided. The overload detection circuit 260 includes a detection resistor 261 and an arithmetic circuit unit 265, and when a current value exceeding a rated current value is detected, a stop signal is added in consideration of time according to a magnitude exceeding the rating. This is output to the inverter drive circuit 255.

The arithmetic circuit unit 265 uses various circuits using a comparator, a capacitor, and a resistor. In many cases, the arithmetic circuit unit 265 takes twice the rated current in consideration of the characteristics of the elements constituting the power circuit. When the current flows through the inverter drive circuit 255, the stop signal is immediately output and the first stop signal is output from the inverter drive circuit 255.
The output of the PWM signal and the second PWM signal is stopped.
When a current slightly exceeding the rated current is detected, a stop signal is output to the inverter drive circuit 255 when a time of several seconds to several minutes has been maintained.

As described above, the portable generator 100 which once rectifies the three-phase AC by the DC voltage generation circuit 110 and converts the DC voltage generated by the DC power supply unit 120 to the AC voltage again by the inverter circuit 130 is an AC generator By changing the number of revolutions of 50, that is, the number of revolutions of the engine, it is possible to always generate electric power according to the load, and to form an AC output voltage with a constant frequency and voltage that is constantly stabilized.

Accordingly, the engine speed is adjusted in accordance with the load fluctuation, the engine speed is increased in the case of a high load, the engine speed is lowered in the case of a low load, and the required energy is adjusted according to the load. Since it is sufficient if the power is generated from the engine, the output can be easily adjusted according to the load, and the portable generator 100 can be made efficient. When the overload state exceeds the rated output, the operation of the inverter circuit 130 is stopped instantaneously or in accordance with the elapse of a predetermined time according to the overload state, and the output voltage is set to 0 to secure the entire circuit. It is possible to operate various electrical devices loaded within a range of several kilowatts, which is a rated output, while maintaining the rated output.

As described above, the portable generator 100 with an engine using the inverter circuit 130 has the same function as the commercial power supply.
Since it can output 00-volt single-phase AC power, it has recently been used as a power source for various general electric devices. Some of such portable generators 100 are capable of adjusting the output voltage value or the voltage phase of single-phase AC power and performing parallel operation.

In the portable generator 100 capable of adjusting the output voltage value and the voltage phase, the AC output voltage and the AC output voltage output from the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 of the portable generator 100 are provided. Detect the current, for example, the output voltage and phase of another generator that performs parallel operation and the portable generator 100
Controls the PWM signal generation circuit 250 so as to always output an output voltage that matches the voltage value and phase of the single-phase AC power output from the power supply (see, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
-49174, JP-A-5-236658, JP-A-5-236658
-244726).

The adjustment of the voltage value is performed not only in the case of performing the parallel operation but also in the case of performing the independent operation in order to prevent the voltage fluctuation due to the type and magnitude of the load connected to the output terminal. (See, for example,
No. 211777). With these portable generators 100,
In many cases, as shown in FIG.
0, an output voltage detection circuit 340 is inserted between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 in the subsequent stage.
An output current detection circuit 330 is inserted after 40 to detect the voltage and current of the single-phase AC output output from the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152, and control the PWM signal generation circuit 250.

In this portable generator 100, the single-phase output winding 55 of the AC generator 50 is composed of a smoothing circuit 210 and a constant voltage circuit 235, similarly to the portable generator 100 shown in FIG. Connected to the control power supply unit 201, the output voltage of the single-phase output winding 55 is smoothed by a smoothing circuit 210, and a constant voltage circuit 235 forms a predetermined control voltage Vcc. However, according to the elements constituting the control circuit, the control voltage is + Vcc voltage and -V
The cc voltage may be formed by the control power supply unit 201 in some cases.

The output terminal of the three-phase output winding 51 is connected to a DC voltage generating circuit 110 which is a rectifier bridge circuit using a thyristor and a rectifier diode, and rectifies the output voltage of the three-phase output winding 51. A DC voltage is formed by charging a large-capacity capacitor serving as the DC power supply unit 120, and this DC voltage is input to the inverter circuit 130 to form a single-phase AC voltage, similarly to the above-described prior art.

The PWM signal generating circuit 250 includes a sine wave generating circuit 270 for forming a reference sine wave, a triangular wave generating circuit 281 and a PWM control signal generating circuit 285 for forming a PWM control signal. The wave generation circuit 270 forms an accurate 50 Hz or 60 Hz reference sine wave,
The triangular wave generating circuit 281 forms a high frequency triangular wave of about several kilohertz to several tens of kilohertz, and the PWM control signal generating circuit 285 combines a reference sine wave and a triangular wave to form a pulse train whose pulse width changes sequentially. It forms a signal.

Further, the sine wave generation circuit 270 outputs an oscillation circuit 271 for outputting a high frequency signal of several megahertz to several tens of megahertz, and a clock signal of about 10 kilohertz by dividing the high frequency signal output by the oscillation circuit 271. The dividing circuit 273 forms a number of different potentials by means of a multi-stage voltage dividing resistor, and sequentially selects different potentials by a multiplexer operated by a clock signal to form a stepped sine wave of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. Pseudo sine wave forming circuit
275, and a voltage adjusting circuit 277 for adjusting the peak voltage of the stepped sine wave output from the pseudo sine wave forming circuit 275, and a low-pass filter for forming a smooth sine wave from the stepped sine wave
279.

The voltage detection signal output from the output voltage detection circuit 340 is input to a rectangular wave forming circuit 291 to form a rectangular wave signal having a zero cross point of the AC output voltage as a rising edge and a falling edge, The zero-cross signal converted into the rectangular wave signal is input to the start timing circuit 293 and the phase comparison circuit 297. The start timing circuit 293 releases the pseudo sine wave forming circuit 275 in the sine wave generating circuit 270 so that the pseudo sine wave forming circuit 275 outputs a pseudo sine wave.

Then, when the pseudo sine wave forming circuit 275 is in a reset state and the reference sine wave is not output from the sine wave generating circuit 270, that is, when the inverter circuit 130 is not operating, the output voltage detecting circuit 340 is in the first state. When detecting a voltage change between the output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152, the start timing circuit 293 releases the reset of the pseudo sine wave forming circuit 275 in accordance with the zero cross signal from the rectangular wave forming circuit 291 and generates a sine wave. The phase of the reference sine wave output from the circuit 270 matches the phase of the voltage generated between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152.

When starting the operation of the pseudo sine wave forming circuit 275, the pseudo sine wave forming circuit 275 may be operated even when the zero cross signal is not input to the start timing circuit 293 within a predetermined time.
And the output of the reference sine wave from the sine wave generation circuit 270 is started. Then, the output current detection circuit 330
Is input to a rectangular wave forming circuit 295, an overload detecting circuit 269, and a limit value detecting circuit 299, and the rectangular wave forming circuit 295 detects a zero-cross signal in accordance with the phase of the output current to detect an overload. The circuit 269 generates a stop signal when the rated current is exceeded, and the limit value detection circuit 299 generates a voltage adjustment signal when the current value is equal to or less than the rated current and exceeds a predetermined lower limit value and upper limit value range. And

The rectangular wave forming circuit 295 forms a rectangular wave signal having the zero cross point of the AC output current as a rising edge and a falling edge based on the current detection signal output from the output current detection circuit 330. The wave signal is input to the phase comparison circuit 297 as a zero-cross signal. This phase comparison circuit 297 compares the phase of the output current with the phase of the output voltage based on the zero-cross signal based on the current detection signal and the zero-cross signal based on the voltage detection signal, and determines whether the current phase is later than the voltage phase. Outputs the added signal as a phase adjustment signal to the frequency divider 273, and
If the current phase is more advanced than the voltage phase, the subtraction signal is output to the frequency divider 273 as a phase adjustment signal.

The frequency dividing circuit 273 in the sine wave generating circuit 270 receives the added signal from the phase comparing circuit 297 when dividing the high frequency signal to form a clock signal of several kilohertz to tens of kilohertz. One pulse is added for every several hundred pulses of the clock signal. When a subtraction signal is input from the phase comparison circuit 297, a clock signal is formed by thinning out one pulse every several hundred pulses of the clock signal.

As described above, when the current phase lags behind the voltage phase, the pulse of the clock signal is increased to slightly advance the phase of the pseudo sine wave and thus the reference sine wave, and the current phase advances beyond the voltage phase. In this case, the phase of the reference sine wave is slightly delayed by thinning out the pulse of the clock signal, and the phase of the PWM control signal is adjusted to reduce the phase of the PWM control signal.
100 adjusts the phase of the single-phase AC voltage output.

The overload detection circuit 269, to which the current detection signal output from the output current detection circuit 330 is input, is based on the current detection signal output from the output current detection circuit 330. The stop signal is output immediately, and when the rated current is slightly exceeded, time integration is performed and the stop signal is output after the required time. And
This stop signal is input to the voltage control circuit 240 and the inverter drive circuit 255, shuts off the gate current output from the voltage control circuit 240 to stop the operation of the DC voltage generation circuit 110, and outputs the signal from the inverter drive circuit 255. The output of the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal is stopped to stop the operation of the inverter circuit 130.

Further, a limit value detection circuit 299 to which a current detection signal output from the output current detection circuit 330 is input is a circuit in which a current upper limit value and a current lower limit value are set.
When the current value of the current detection signal becomes equal to or less than the current lower limit value, the peak value (amplitude) of the reference sine wave is reduced or increased so that the output voltage which is the voltage between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 is slightly increased. Voltage adjustment circuit to increase the voltage adjustment signal
Output to 277. When the current value of the current detection signal exceeds the current upper limit value, the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 1
A voltage adjustment signal for increasing or decreasing the peak value of the reference sine wave so as to slightly reduce the output voltage which is a voltage between 52 is output to the voltage adjustment circuit 277.

As described above, since the current upper limit value and the current lower limit value are set within the range of the rated current and the output voltage can be finely adjusted, the load sharing can be performed while the generators are operated in parallel. When the current is small, the output voltage is slightly increased to increase the output current, and when the supply current to the load is close to the limit of the rated current, the output voltage is slightly decreased to reduce the output voltage to each portable generator 100. The load is effectively shared.

When the parallel operation is not performed, that is, when the portable generator 100 is used alone by the independent operation,
Since the output voltage fluctuates according to the capacity and type of the load, the amplification factor of the voltage adjustment circuit 277 or the voltage of the triangular wave output from the triangular wave generation circuit 281 is adjusted based on the peak voltage detected by the output voltage detection circuit 340, and the output is adjusted. In some cases, the voltage value of a single-phase AC voltage, which is a voltage, is stabilized.

[0041]

When a PWM control signal is formed by an analog circuit by synthesizing a conventional reference sine wave and a triangular wave, it is necessary to incorporate the PWM control signal into a small portable generator.
In the WM control signal generation circuit, it has been difficult to perform feedback control on the PWM control signal so that the output voltage of the portable generator, which tends to fluctuate in output voltage due to the load, is maintained at a constant reference value.

In the case where the PWM control signal is formed by controlling the microcomputer, the output voltage fluctuates according to the state of the load. Therefore, the present invention provides a portable generator capable of detecting an output current value and an output voltage value and making the output voltage a sine wave with less distortion by a microcomputer.

[0043]

According to the present invention, a single-phase AC voltage having a predetermined frequency and a constant voltage is formed by an inverter circuit (130) after the AC voltage is once converted to DC, and A portable generator (100) that outputs a phase AC voltage from output terminals (151, 152), a PWM signal generator (441) that controls an inverter circuit (130), and the detected output voltage and output current values And a central control unit (310) including an output voltage waveform monitoring unit (433) that performs an operation based on the PWM signal generation unit (441), and the PWM signal generation unit (441) sequentially corresponds to the PWM reference value stored in the PWM reference table. P of pulse width
Output voltage waveform monitoring unit that forms a WM control signal (433)
Calculates a correction value obtained by subtracting a value obtained by multiplying a constant obtained by multiplying a detected output current value by a constant from a difference between a voltage table value indicating an output voltage corresponding to each PWM reference value and a detected output voltage value. The correction value corresponding to the value is stored, and the next PWM
When the PWM signal generation unit (441) forms the PWM control signal based on the reference value, the PWM control signal is formed based on the corrected reference value obtained by subtracting or adding the corrected value from the PWM reference value. Machine (100).

As described above, the output voltage waveform monitor (433)
Calculates the difference between the voltage table value and the output voltage value, calculates the difference between the original ideal voltage and the actual output voltage, and subtracts the value obtained by multiplying the detected current value by a constant from the difference value. In order to calculate the value, it is possible to calculate and store a correction value necessary to make the output voltage an ideal voltage by taking into account a voltage drop inside the power supply circuit due to the output current.

Then, the next PW
When the M control signal is output from the PWM signal generation section (441), the PWM reference value is corrected to obtain a PWM control signal having a corrected pulse width. A wave-shaped single-phase AC voltage can be output.

[0046]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A portable generator according to the present invention rotates an AC generator by an engine having an output of several kilowatts to about 10 kilowatts, temporarily converts the three-phase output voltage of the AC generator to DC, It is a portable generator that is converted into an AC by a circuit to form a single-phase AC output voltage, which is frequently moved and used at the place of use, and is sometimes brought into the place of use and operated in a fixed installation state. is there.

This portable generator has an AC generator 50 for rotating a rotor by an engine, and as shown in FIG. 1, mainly includes a DC voltage generating circuit 110, a DC power supply unit 120, and an inverter circuit 130. A power circuit 101;
A microcomputer as central control means 310 for setting the frequency of the output voltage output from the output terminal of the portable generator 100 based on a detection signal from a detection circuit provided in each section. The portable generator 100 includes a control power supply unit 201 that generates operating power for the control unit and the detection circuit.

The central control means 310 includes a setting switch 318
By setting the frequency of the output voltage to a predetermined constant frequency such as 50 Hz or 60 Hz, based on detection signals from the DC voltage detection circuit 320, the output current detection circuit 330, and the output voltage detection circuit 340 provided in the power circuit 101. In addition, it controls the operation of the inverter circuit 130, and further controls the opening and closing of the engine throttle based on the detection signal from the rotation speed detection circuit 319 and the opening signal from the throttle control mechanism 315.

The setting switch 318 is capable of adjusting the output voltage in addition to setting the frequency. The AC generator 50 of this portable generator 100 has a three-phase output winding 51 and a single-phase output winding 55, the three-phase output winding 51 is in the power circuit 101, and the single-phase output winding 55 is It is connected to the control power supply unit 201.

The output terminal of the three-phase output winding 51 is connected to a DC voltage generating circuit 110 using a rectifying bridge using three rectifying diodes 115 and three thyristors 111, as shown in FIG. Connect and gate voltage generator 1
60 is also connected. This DC voltage generating circuit 110 connects the connection point between the cathode of each rectifier diode 115 and the anode of each thyristor 111 to each output terminal of the three-phase output winding 51, and collects the anodes of each rectifier diode 115. To the negative terminal of the DC power supply unit 120 and the inverter circuit 130, and collectively connect the cathodes of the thyristors 111 to the DC power supply unit 1.
It is connected to the + terminal of 20 and the inverter circuit 130.

The gate voltage generating circuit 160 connected to the output terminal of the three-phase output winding 51 is formed using a rectifying diode, a limiting resistor, a power supply capacitor and a zener diode. That is, each output terminal of the three-phase output winding 51 is connected to the anode of the rectifying diode 161 and the cathode of each rectifying diode 161 is shared.
A negative terminal of the power supply capacitor 165 is connected to the + terminal of the DC power supply unit 120 via a 63, and a zener diode 167 is connected in parallel with the power supply capacitor 165.

Therefore, the gate voltage generation circuit 160
A voltage higher than the voltage of the + terminal of the DC power supply unit 120 by the specified voltage of the Zener diode 167 can be formed and output. The output terminal of the gate voltage generation circuit 160 is connected to each gate terminal of each thyristor 111 in the DC voltage generation circuit 110 via the thyristor control circuit 170.

The thyristor control circuit 170 comprises a switching transistor 173, a switch control resistor 171 and a photocoupler 175. That is, the collector of the PNP transistor serving as the switching transistor 173 is connected to the output terminal of the gate voltage generating circuit 160, and the emitter of the switching transistor 173 is connected to the gate terminal of each thyristor 111. The thyristor 111
When connecting to the gate terminal, the protective resistor 117 is used to connect to the gate terminal.

The base of the switching transistor 173 is connected to the output terminal of the gate voltage generation circuit 160 via the switch control resistor 171, and the switch control resistor 1
The midpoint of 71 is connected to the + terminal of the DC power supply unit 120 via the phototransistor 176 of the photocoupler 175. still,
The phototransistor 176 of the photocoupler 175 has a collector connected to the middle point of the switch control resistor 171, an emitter connected to the + terminal of the DC power supply unit 120, and a light emitting diode 177 of the photocoupler 175 having the anode connected to the control power supply. The cathode of the light emitting diode 177 is connected to the output terminal of the second control voltage Vcc in the unit 201, and the constant voltage detection circuit 180 and the stop circuit 36
0, connected to overcurrent detection circuit 350.

Therefore, this thyristor control circuit 170
When the light emitting diode 177 of the photocoupler 175 turns on,
The phototransistor 176 becomes conductive, the midpoint potential of the switch control resistor 171 drops to the + terminal voltage of the DC power supply unit 120, and the switching transistor 173 becomes nonconductive. When the light-emitting diode 177 does not light, the switching transistor 173 is turned on to supply the output current of the gate voltage generation circuit 160 to each thyristor 111 as the gate current of the thyristor 111. Each thyristor 111 of the generation circuit 110 is turned on.

Therefore, the output power of the three-phase output winding 51 can be supplied to the DC power supply unit 120 connected to both output terminals of the DC voltage generation circuit 110. Also, DC voltage generation circuit
The inverter circuit 130 connected to both output terminals of the 110 is a bridge circuit with a power transistor and a smoothing capacitor.
173. This inverter circuit 130 has a first
The transistor 131 and the third transistor 133 are connected in series to the DC power supply unit 120, and the second transistor 132 and the fourth transistor 134 are connected in series to the DC power supply unit 120, and the first transistor 131 and the third transistor The midpoint of 133 is connected to a first output terminal 151 via a low-pass filter 140,
The midpoint between the second transistor 132 and the fourth transistor 134 is connected to the second output terminal 152 via the low pass filter 140.

The single-phase output winding 55 of the AC generator 50 is connected to the smoothing circuit 210 of the control power supply unit 201, as shown in FIG. The smoothing circuit 210 includes four rectifying diodes 2
The bridge rectifier circuit 11 performs full-wave rectification to charge the smoothing capacitor 215. The control power supply unit 201 has a first constant voltage circuit 221 and a second constant voltage circuit 225 and a regulator 230 in addition to the smoothing circuit 210, and the output voltage of the smoothing circuit 210 is adjusted to 15 volts by the first constant voltage circuit 221. And the first reverse current blocking diode 233
To the regulator 230 through the DC power supply unit 120
Is set to a constant voltage of about 12 volts by the second constant voltage circuit 225, and the second reverse current blocking diode 234
Is applied to the regulator 230.

In the regulator 230, a first control voltage Vss of about 10 volts and a second control voltage Vcc of about 5 volts are formed, and the first control voltage Vss drives a throttle control motor for an engine, which will be described later. And the second control voltage Vcc is supplied to the central control means 310 and other control circuit elements. It should be noted that the control power supply unit 201 normally outputs the smoothing circuit 21 from the AC voltage output from the single-phase output winding 55.
The 0 and the DC voltage formed by the first constant voltage circuit 221 are supplied to the regulator 230, and the regulator 230 forms the first control voltage Vss and the second control voltage Vcc and supplies them to each circuit element. Then, when a failure such as a disconnection occurs in the single-phase output winding 55 or the like, if the DC power supply unit 120 is operating, power is supplied to the regulator 230 by the second constant voltage circuit 225,
The first control voltage Vss and the second control voltage Vcc are output from the regulator 230, and the operation of the portable generator 100 is maintained.

Further, a switch circuit for detecting and switching the output voltage of the first constant voltage circuit 221 may be disposed on the input side of the regulator 230 instead of the first backflow prevention diode 233 and the second backflow prevention diode 234. is there. In this case, the output voltage of the first constant voltage circuit 221 and the second constant voltage circuit 225
The power from the first constant voltage circuit 221 is normally supplied to the regulator 230 while the output voltage of the second constant voltage circuit 221 is stopped, and the output voltage from the second constant voltage circuit 225 is stopped when the output of the first constant voltage circuit 221 stops. The switch circuit may be switched so as to supply the voltage to the regulator 230. Further, the AC generator 50 having no single-phase output winding 55 is used, and the smoothing circuit 210 and the first
In some cases, the constant voltage circuit 221 is omitted, the voltage of the DC power supply unit 120 is reduced by the second constant voltage circuit 225, and the power of the DC power supply unit 120 is always supplied to the regulator 230 to form a control voltage.

As shown in FIG. 3, the constant voltage detection circuit 180 for controlling the voltage of the DC power supply 120 uses a resistor, a Zener diode, and a switching transistor.
The voltage of the DC power supply unit 120 is divided by the voltage dividing resistors 181 and 182 in which two resistors are connected in series, and the midpoint potential of the voltage dividing resistors 181 and 182 is further reduced by the Zener diode 183 and the detection resistor 184 to detect the voltage. Schmitt circuit 1 for the potential of resistor 184
85, which controls the conduction of the switching transistor 187.

Further, the switching transistor 187
Is connected in series with the light-emitting diode 177 of the photocoupler 175 in the thyristor control circuit 170, and controls the lighting of the light-emitting diode 177 by applying a second control voltage Vcc to the series-connected light-emitting diode 177 and cutting off the conduction of the switching transistor 187. . Therefore, this constant voltage detection circuit 180
Is the detection resistor 1 when the output voltage of the DC power supply 120 rises.
The detection potential of 84 rises and the switching transistor 187
Is turned on to light the light emitting diode 177. For this reason, the thyristor control circuit 170 stops outputting the conduction signal to the DC voltage generation circuit 110, puts each thyristor 111 of the DC voltage generation circuit 110 into a non-conduction state, and outputs the power from the AC generator 50 to the DC power supply unit 120. Stop supply.

When the voltage of the DC power supply unit 120 drops, the switching transistor 187 is turned off, and a continuity signal is output from the thyristor control circuit 170 to turn on each thyristor 111 of the DC voltage generation circuit 110. In this manner, the potential of the DC power supply unit 120 can be always kept constant by the constant voltage detection circuit 180.

The DC voltage detection circuit 320 connects the voltage dividing resistor 325 so as to be inserted between both terminals of the DC power supply unit 120. The output of the DC power supply unit 120 is controlled by the voltage dividing resistor 325. The voltage is divided and the output voltage value of the DC power supply unit 120 is input to the central control means 310 as a DC voltage signal. An output voltage detection circuit 340 inserted between the inverter circuit 130 and the low-pass filter 140 detects the voltage by dividing the first output voltage and the second output voltage of the inverter circuit 130 by a voltage-dividing resistor. A first detection voltage obtained by dividing the first output voltage by the voltage dividing resistors 341 and 342, and a second detection voltage obtained by dividing the second output voltage by the voltage dividing resistors 343 and 344, respectively. The output voltage signal is input to the central control unit 310 via the low-pass filters 347 and 348 for detection.

When the output voltage signal output from the output voltage detection circuit 340 is input to the central control means 310, the first output voltage signal and the second output voltage signal which are analog signals are input to the central control means 310. At the same time, the zero cross signal from the square wave forming circuit 317 is also input to the central control means 310. The rectangular wave forming circuit 317 forms a rectangular wave based on the difference voltage between the first output voltage and the second output voltage forming a sine wave, and generates a square wave based on the difference between the first output voltage and the second output voltage forming a sine wave. The zero cross point in the difference voltage is defined as the edge of this rectangular wave, and a zero cross signal indicating the timing of the zero cross point in the output voltage output from the portable generator 100 is input to the central control means 310.

Further, the output current detection circuit 330 detects the current flowing from the inverter circuit 130 to the low-pass filter 140 with the detection resistor 331 and uses the detection low-pass filter 335 to remove the harmonic component from the output current signal. It is input to the central control means 310 and the overcurrent detection circuit 350. The output current detection circuit 330 may be provided on the input side of the inverter circuit 130. When the output current detection circuit 330 is provided on the input side of the inverter circuit 130,
Output current detection circuit 330 between the side terminal and the inverter circuit 130.
Is provided, it becomes easy to lower the absolute voltage of the output current signal output from the output current detection circuit 330.

As the output current detection circuit 330, not only the case where the detection resistor 331 is used, but also a current detector using an induction coil may be used. The overcurrent detection circuit 350 includes resistors 351 and 352, a comparator 355, and a switching transistor 357, and applies the second control voltage Vcc formed by the control power supply unit 201 to the reference voltage dividing resistors 351 and 352.
The output current detection circuit 33
When the potential of the output current signal output by 0 becomes higher than the reference voltage, the switching transistor 357 is turned on.

Further, the switching transistor 357
Has an emitter grounded and a collector connected to the cathode of the light emitting diode 177 in the photocoupler 175. Therefore, when the switching transistor 357 is turned on, the overcurrent detection circuit 350
To stop the output of the conduction signal. The central control means 310
The DC voltage signal from the DC voltage detection circuit 320, the output current signal from the output current detection circuit 330, and the output voltage signal from the output voltage detection circuit 340 and the square wave forming circuit 317 based on this output voltage signal Is input as a detection signal, a detection signal of the frequency of the output voltage output from the three-phase output winding 51 is also input as a rotation speed signal from the rotation speed detection circuit 319, and the cathode potential of the light emitting diode 177 is also detected. Is also input as a conductivity detection signal, and a throttle opening signal is also input from the throttle control mechanism 315, but the opening signal from the throttle control mechanism 315 may be omitted.

The central control means 310 to which these detection signals are input operates as shown in FIG.
In addition to the PWM signal generation section 441 for outputting a control signal to the PWM driver, the output voltage signal from the output voltage detection circuit 340 and the zero-cross signal from the rectangular wave formation circuit 317 determine whether control is started alone or in parallel at the start of control. Single operation control unit 435 and synchronous operation control unit that control signal generation unit 441
437, an output voltage setting unit 417 that adjusts and sets the output voltage of the single-phase AC voltage by a signal from the setting switch 318, an output frequency setting unit 415 that sets the frequency of the single-phase AC voltage by a signal from the setting switch 318, and A voltage waveform monitoring unit 433 that monitors a single-phase AC voltage output from the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 based on an output voltage signal from the output voltage detection circuit 340, and a rotation speed from the rotation speed detection circuit 319. An engine speed detector 421 for judging the engine speed by a signal, a throttle opening controller for outputting a rotation control signal to a throttle driver 313 based on an output current signal, an engine speed signal and an opening signal from a throttle control mechanism 315. 423, and outputs a stop control signal to the stop circuit 360 based on the output current signal from the output current detection circuit 330 and the DC voltage signal from the DC voltage detection circuit 230. Protection unit 4
31, light emitting diode 177 in thyristor control circuit 170
A conductivity detection unit 419 for detecting the conductivity of the thyristor 111 in the DC voltage generation circuit 110 based on the cathode potential of the DC voltage generation circuit 110, and further displays the operation status of the portable generator 100 in accordance with the control operation status of the central control means 310. A display control unit 425 for outputting a signal to be displayed on the display unit 427 is formed.

The central control means 310, which is a microcomputer, has a crystal oscillator (not shown) operating at a frequency of ten and several megahertz, and operates using the output of the crystal oscillator as a reference clock. It has a read-only memory in which programs and control data tables are recorded, a random access memory for performing arithmetic processing, and a frequency dividing circuit for dividing a reference clock to form a required clock signal. An analog-to-digital converter 411 for converting an input analog signal into a digital signal is also provided.

When the throttle control mechanism 315 controls the rotation of the throttle valve using a pulse motor, a pulse counter is built in the throttle opening control section 423, and the throttle opening control section 423 outputs to the throttle driver 313. The throttle value may be counted up or down according to the rotation control signal, and the throttle opening control unit 423 may store the throttle opening by omitting the opening signal from the throttle control mechanism 315.

Then, the PWM signal generator 441 outputs the PWM
It has a reference table, and outputs a PWM control signal to the PWM driver 311 based on the PWM reference table.
The conduction and cutoff of each transistor as the transistor 134 is controlled. This PWM reference table is a table that stores a large number of PWM reference values, and each PWM reference value is a numerical value of about one hundred to several hundreds corresponding to a value of a curve forming one cycle of a sine wave curve. .

Then, the PWM signal generator 441 of the central control means 310 sequentially reads out the PWM reference values from the PWM reference table at regular intervals to form a PWM control signal, and outputs the PWM control signal to the PWM driver 311. I do. When the head value of the PWM reference table is 0, the PWM control signal adds a value corresponding to a half of one clock time in a read clock for reading the PWM reference value to each of the read PWM reference values. When the reference value is 0, a pulse signal having a duty ratio of 50% is formed. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5A, each pulse of the PWM control signal sequentially changes the duty ratio in accordance with the sine wave shape, and the duty ratio changes from several tens percent to one centered on 50 percent.
The pulse signal train forms a reference sine wave that sequentially changes with a value in the range of several tens of percent before 00%.

Then, the PWM driver 311
A first PWM signal, which is obtained by amplifying the current of the WM control signal and outputting it to the first transistor 131 and the fourth transistor 134, and a second transistor 132 which inverts and amplifies the PWM control signal.
And a second PWM signal to be output to the third transistor 133, and outputs the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal to the inverter circuit 130.

Further, the voltage waveform monitor 4 of the central control means 310
Reference numeral 33 denotes an output voltage value table for storing a number of voltage table values corresponding to each PWM reference value. The output voltage value table is read from the voltage table value in accordance with the timing at which the PWM reference value is read from the PWM reference table. And compares the read voltage table value with the value of the output voltage input from the output voltage detection circuit 340 to obtain the PWM value.
The pulse width of each pulse signal forming the PWM control signal output from the signal generation unit 441 is corrected to adjust the output voltage.

Then, when a start switch (not shown) is operated to output a PWM control signal from the PWM signal generator 441 and start outputting a single-phase AC voltage from the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152. The central control means 310 determines whether or not the zero-cross signal from the rectangular wave forming circuit 317 has been input, and if the zero-cross signal has not been input, starts the operation of the isolated operation control section 435.

When the operation of the isolated operation control section 435 is started, the PWM signal generation section 441 of the central control means 310 is started.
Is an average output voltage between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152, such as 100 volts set by the setting switch 318, and a frequency of 50 Hz or 6 Hz.
A PWM control signal for generating a voltage of 0 Hz is output.

The frequency of the output voltage ranges from 100 to several hundreds of PWMs forming one cycle of the single-phase AC voltage recorded in the PWM reference table of the PWM signal generator 441.
The frequency of the single-phase AC voltage output from the portable generator 100 is determined depending on whether a clock for reading the reference value in 20 milliseconds or a clock for reading in 16.66 milliseconds is selected.

The output voltage is set by multiplying or adding the correction value to the PWM reference value recorded in the PWM reference table to form a corrected reference value, and based on the corrected reference value,
It determines each pulse width of the pulse signal used as the WM control signal. Then, the independent operation control unit 435 reads the correction value for calculating the correction reference value from the PWM reference value from the output voltage setting unit 417, and transfers the correction value to the PWM signal generation unit 441.

Further, after the PWM control signal is output from the PWM signal generation unit 441, the peak voltage and the sine wave distortion are monitored by the output voltage waveform monitoring unit 433 based on the output voltage signal from the output voltage detection circuit 340. When the peak voltage fluctuates from the set value, a correction value for correcting the difference from the set voltage is read from the output voltage waveform monitoring unit 433 to the PWM signal generation unit 441. Further, even when the distortion of the sine wave continues, the correction value is read into the PWM signal generation unit 441, and a single-phase AC voltage which is a set voltage and has a smooth sine wave is output.

The waveform of the single-phase AC voltage is distorted depending on the capacity and type of the load.
By correcting the M control signal, control is performed such that the output voltage always has a predetermined sine wave shape. In this correction, a correction value Y for correcting the PWM reference value is stored in association with each PWM reference value based on the internal impedance of the power circuit 101, the output current value, and the output current value.
When the PWM signal is generated next time by the PWM signal generation unit 441 based on the M reference value, the correction is performed by adding or subtracting the correction value Y corresponding to each PWM reference value. Then, a PWM control signal is formed based on the corrected PWM reference value.

This correction value Y is calculated by N in the PWM reference table.
The PWM control signal is read out from the PWM signal generation section 441 by reading the PWM reference value Pn, and the output voltage value, which is the potential difference between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 due to the PWM control signal, is V If the output current value at this time is I amperes, the correction values Yn corresponding to the respective PWM reference values Pn are obtained by using the constants M, T, Z, and S as coefficients. Then, a correction value Yn is calculated for the Nth PWM reference value Pn, where Yn = [(Qn−V / M) / T] −I · Z · S, and this correction value Yn is stored and the next time after one cycle PW
As the M reference value Pn, a PWM control signal is output from the PWM signal generation unit 441 based on a PWM reference value which is a corrected reference value calculated by correction as Pn-Yn.

When the correction value Yn is calculated, Qn is determined by the fact that the portable generator 100 has no pulse when the pulse signal as a PWM control signal based on the Nth PWM reference value Pn is output from the PWM signal generation section 441. A voltage table value indicating an output voltage to be generated between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 in a load state, and M is a change value of the voltage table value corresponding to a 1 volt change of the output voltage. is there. Z is the internal impedance of the power circuit 101, that is, the impedance of the low-pass filter 140, and S is the PWM reference value that causes a change of 1 volt between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152. T is the ratio between the change in the PWM reference value and the change in the voltage table value corresponding to a 1 volt change in the output voltage.

As described above, the voltage table value Qn corresponding to the no-load output voltage when the PWM control signal having the predetermined pulse width is output from the PWM signal generator 441, and the PWM table
This is a voltage correction term based on the difference between the output voltage based on the control signal and the actually detected output voltage value V (Qn-V / M).
/ T, and the internal impedance Z and the current correction term I · Z · S based on the output current at this time, each PWM reference value is corrected so as to correct the Nth PWM reference value Pn, and the PWM control signal is generated. To form.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, when a fast-phase load causing a phase difference between the output voltage V and the output current I is connected, or when the slow-phase load is applied to the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal By connecting to the terminal 152, even when the output voltage is distorted due to the phase difference between the output voltage and the output current, the current value, etc., the current correction term for correcting the output voltage according to the instantaneous instantaneous current value I Voltage table value Q that is a correction value Yn having (I.Z.S) and is a no-load output voltage
Since each PWM reference value Pn is corrected by the correction value Yn having a voltage correction term for correcting also the difference between the detected output voltage V and the output voltage V, the output current is always constant regardless of the phase difference between the output voltage and the output current. Can be corrected so that the waveform of the output voltage approaches a proper sine wave, regardless of the value of.

In the portable generator 100, the characteristics of the inverter circuit 130 and the low-pass filter 140 cause
When the value of the WM reference value changes by 1, the first output terminal 15
Although a voltage change of S volts occurs between the first output terminal 152 and the second output terminal 152, the output voltage detection circuit 340 of the output voltage detection circuit 340 changes the voltage table value Qn corresponding to the output voltage change value S volts by one. If the voltage division ratio and the AD conversion ratio when converting the output voltage signal from an analog signal to a digital signal are determined, each PWM reference value stored in the PWM reference table and each voltage table value stored in the output voltage value table And can be kept equal. Further, an output voltage detection circuit is provided to make the PWM reference value and the voltage table value equal.
If the voltage division ratio and the AD conversion ratio of 340 are determined, the calculation in the central control means 310 can be processed by setting the constant M and the constant T for obtaining the correction value Yn to 1.

Further, the ratio between the value of the output current signal output from the output current detection circuit 330 and the value of the output current itself, and the AD conversion ratio when the output current signal is converted from an analog signal to a digital signal are specified. The ratio of the value of the digital output current signal to the value of the output current is made equal to the product of the internal impedance Z of the power circuit 101 and the value S of the output voltage when the value of the PWM reference value changes by 1. By doing so, the value of the output current signal converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital converter 411 of the central control means 310 can be directly processed as the value of the current correction term (IZS).

Therefore, P stored in the PWM reference table
PWM in which the leading value of the WM reference value is 0, and the duty ratio is 50% based on the PWM reference value of 0
In the central control means 310 having a PWM signal generating section 441 for forming a control signal, the output voltage waveform monitoring section 433 outputs
Only the value of the output voltage signal input to the output voltage waveform monitoring unit 433 is subtracted from the difference between the PWM reference value stored in the WM reference table and the value of the output voltage signal input to the output voltage waveform monitoring unit 433. Thus, each correction value Yn corresponding to each PWM reference value Pn can be calculated and stored.

Then, each correction value Yn based on the detected value of the output current signal and the value of the output voltage signal is converted into each PWM value.
If the PWM control signal is formed by the PWM signal generation unit 441 by subtracting from the reference value Pn, the output voltage generated between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 can be a correct sinusoidal voltage. it can. A pulse signal having a duty ratio of 50% is output from the central control means 310 as a PWM control signal, and the pulse signal is used to output a small output voltage value signal indicating an output voltage of 0 to the central control means 310. The time is preset based on the circuit characteristics of the inverter circuit 130 and the like, and the voltage table value is compared with the detected output voltage value, but this small time difference is determined based on the zero cross signal input from the rectangular wave forming circuit 317. In some cases, the relationship between the PWM control signal and the output voltages output to the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 is correctly adjusted.

When the PWM control signal is started to be output from the PWM signal generation unit 441 and the zero-cross signal is input from the rectangular wave forming circuit 317 to the central control unit 310, the central control unit 310 controls the synchronous operation control. The operation of the unit 437 is started. The synchronous operation control unit 437 determines whether the frequency of the voltage generated between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 matches the frequency set by the setting switch 318 according to the input interval of the zero cross signal. Is determined first.

If the frequencies match, it is determined from the output voltage signal whether the peak voltage is substantially equal to the peak value of the voltage set by the setting switch 318. In this way, when the voltage generated between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 is compared with the frequency and voltage set by the setting switch 318, and it is determined that they do not match the set values. Outputs an abnormal signal to the display control unit 425 without starting the operation of the PWM signal generation unit 441, and causes the display control unit 425 to output a required display signal to the operation state display unit 427.

When the frequency and the voltage are equal to the set values, the PWM signal generator 441 starts operating in accordance with the rise of the zero-cross signal from the rectangular wave forming circuit 317, and the PWM reference table in the PWM reference table is activated. The value is read from the head and the output of the PWM control signal is started. Note that P
When the operation of the WM signal generation section 441 starts, the PWM control signal is formed based on the corrected reference value obtained by correcting the PWM reference value by the correction value Y by the output voltage waveform monitoring section 433 in the same manner as in the above-described independent operation.

In this way, the operation of the inverter circuit 130 is started, and a single-phase AC voltage is output between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 via the low-pass filter 140. The portable generator, which is an AC power supply, that corrects a sinusoidal single-phase AC voltage while making the phase and voltage of the AC voltage input between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 coincide with each other. Can output from 100.

After starting the synchronous operation, the synchronous operation control unit 437 sends the PWM signal to the central control unit 310 every time the PWM signal generation unit 441 outputs a PWM control signal based on 0 which is the leading value of the PWM reference value. The input zero-cross signal is determined, and phase adjustment control between the portable generator 100 and another generator is performed. When the PWM control signal based on the PWM reference value is output as shown in (1) of FIG. 5, the single-phase AC voltage that is the output voltage at the time of the synchronous operation is (3) in FIG.
A sine wave having a zero-cross point substantially coincident with 0 of the PWM reference signal shown as a sine wave of a
Output. However, when the phase of the voltage output by the portable generator 100 via the low-pass filter 140 and the sine wave voltage output by the other generators are shifted as shown by c in FIG. 5C. , The voltage generated between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 is shown in FIG.
As shown by (b) in (3) above, a voltage is obtained by combining the two voltages. In other words, the zero cross point of the reference sine wave shown in (1) of FIG. 5 becomes a sine wave shown in (2) of FIG. 5 and the zero cross point of the output voltage signal deviates from the zero cross point of the reference sine wave. become.

Therefore, the PWM based on the PWM reference value of 0
At the timing when the control signal is output, if the rectangular wave serving as the zero-cross signal of the output voltage is at the L level, the single-phase AC voltage output from the portable generator 100 is output by another generator operating in parallel. The synchronous operation control unit 437 determines that the phase is ahead of the voltage to be synchronized, and performs control to lengthen the cycle of the reference sine wave used as the PWM control signal.

If the rectangular wave serving as the zero cross signal of the output voltage is at the H level at the timing when the PWM control signal based on the PWM reference value of 0 is output, the synchronous operation control unit
437 performs control to shorten the cycle of the reference sine wave. This P
When adjusting the cycle of the reference sine wave formed by the WM control signal, the synchronous operation control unit 437 sets the PWM reference value to PWM
This is for changing the interval between clocks read from the M reference table.

This clock interval controls the frequency divider circuit that forms the clock for reading the PWM reference value, and makes the time of one clock (the time interval of one step in the PWM modulation cycle) longer or shorter by several percent to ten percent. Approximately several to ten clock signals out of one hundred to several hundred clocks forming one cycle are formed. As described above, the first sine wave at the timing of the zero-cross point by the PWM control signal generated by the PWM signal
To detect the positive or negative of the voltage generated between the output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152, that is, the shift of the zero cross point between the reference sine wave and the output voltage, and to adjust the output timing of the reference sine wave, The effect based on the phase difference between the output voltage and the output current depending on the type can be eliminated, and the phase difference between the output voltages of another generator and the portable generator 100 can be accurately corrected.

In correcting the reference sine wave, several to ten pulses of the clock signal for changing the time interval of one step by several percent to ten percent are formed. The rate can be adjusted to about 0.3% or less, and the fluctuation amount can be adjusted to less than 0.2 Hz for 50 Hz or 60 Hz.

Further, the frequency adjustment of the reference sine wave by the PWM control signal is performed by adjusting the pulse interval of the clock signal, that is, P
It only changes the output interval of the WM control signal by about several percent to ten percent, and does not change the number of pulse signals used as the PWM control signal and the pulse width of each pulse used as the PWM control signal, which is the value of each PWM control signal. Therefore, P
The reference sine wave generated by the WM control signal and the portable generator
The period can be adjusted and changed while smoothly changing the waveform of the single-phase AC voltage output by 100.

In forming several to ten clock pulses in which the interval of the clock pulse is changed by several percent to ten percent, the clock pulse in which the interval of the clock pulse is changed may be formed continuously. . Further, the clock pulses whose clock pulse intervals are changed may be dispersed within one cycle of the reference sine wave, and the pulse interval may be changed for a required number of clock pulses formed during one cycle. .

The output voltage waveform monitor 433 has an output voltage value table as described above, compares the voltage table value read from the output voltage table with the output voltage read by the output voltage signal, and performs PWM. Signal generator 441
Although the pulse width of the pulse signal forming the PWM control signal is modified, when the value of the output voltage detected during the synchronous operation continues to increase with respect to the voltage table value, the coefficient corresponding to this change amount Is multiplied by the PWM reference value or the correction reference value to make a correction to increase the pulse width of the PWM control signal.

In the stand-alone operation, the pulse width of the PWM control signal is reduced to reduce the output voltage, and the voltage table value is also corrected in accordance with the adjustment of the pulse width of the PWM control signal. Output voltage waveform monitor 433
And compares the voltage table value with the output voltage value. As described above, when the output voltage increases during the synchronous operation, the pulse width of the pulse signal serving as the PWM control signal is increased to output the signal via the inverter circuit 130 and the low-pass filter 140 of the portable generator 100. By increasing the value of the single-phase AC voltage, it is possible to follow a change in the voltage output from another generator operating in parallel.

The synchronous operation control section 437 also adjusts the pulse width of the PWM control signal based on the output current value from the output current detection circuit 330 to adjust the output voltage. This output voltage adjustment is performed when the current value output from the first output terminal 151 or the second output terminal 152 by the output current signal exceeds a predetermined value of 85% to 90% of the rated current value. A change to slightly reduce the pulse width of the pulse signal serving as the PWM control signal by further multiplying the PWM reference value or the correction reference value by a coefficient so as to reduce the voltage value by about 1%, and a correction change to the voltage table value. Is what you do.

As described above, when the output current value becomes close to the rated current value, the output voltage is slightly reduced, so that the load sharing of the generators operating in parallel is assigned to one of the generators. It can be prevented from being too lean. As described above, in the central control unit 310, the output voltage waveform monitoring unit 433 and the PWM signal generation unit 441 together with the isolated operation control unit 435 and the parallel operation control unit 437 cause the first output terminal 15
Although the PWM control signal is formed so that the output voltage generated between the first output terminal 152 and the second output terminal 152 has a predetermined sinusoidal shape, the correction of the PWM reference value for forming the PWM control signal is performed as follows. When performing addition or multiplication on the PWM reference value of the first half cycle of the PWM reference table, subtraction or division may be performed on the PWM reference value of the second half cycle of the PWM reference table.

That is, as described above, the leading value of the PWM reference value stored in the PWM reference table is set to 0, and this PWM
The duty ratio of the pulse in the PWM control signal formed corresponding to the reference value of 0 is set to 50%, and the duty ratio based on the value of the PWM reference value is successively set to a value exceeding 50% to correspond to the PWM reference value to form a sine wave. The first half period for changing the pulse width is set to P
In addition to setting the WM reference value of 0 to 50% of the duty ratio, in the second half cycle, the duty ratio is set to a value smaller than 50% based on 50% and PWM.
When one period of the PWM control signal is formed by changing the pulse width in a sine wave shape corresponding to each value of the reference value, the PWM reference value is corrected by addition or subtraction throughout one period.

The PWM reference value is set to a predetermined positive value other than 0, and the value of the PWM reference value is changed in a sinusoidal manner around the predetermined value so as to be larger than the predetermined value and smaller than the predetermined value. Having a predetermined value stored in the PWM reference table.
When the PWM control signal whose duty ratio is set to 50% based on the beginning of the reference value is formed by the PWM signal generation unit 441, when the addition is performed in the first half cycle as the correction of the PWM reference value, the subtraction is performed in the second half cycle. When the multiplication is performed in the first half cycle, the division is performed in the second half cycle.

As described above, by switching between addition and subtraction or multiplication and division between the first half cycle and the second half cycle, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the first output terminal 151
In a half cycle in which the output voltage V1 is larger than the second output voltage V2, which is the output voltage of the second output terminal 152, an output which becomes a difference voltage between the two terminals by the first output voltage v1 obtained by correcting the first output voltage V1 downward. The voltage V is reduced and the first output voltage V1 is
In the half cycle smaller than the output voltage V2, the first output voltage V1 is corrected to be larger, and the output voltage V can be reduced in the same manner as in the first half cycle.

Further, the central control means 310 controls the DC voltage generation circuit 110 by the circuit protection section 431 and controls the engine speed by the throttle opening control section 423. The DC voltage generation circuit 110 by the circuit protection unit 431
Is performed by the stop circuit 360 via the thyristor control circuit 170. As shown in FIG. 3, the stop circuit 360 includes a switching transistor 361 having a base connected to the central control means 310, an emitter of the switching transistor 361 is grounded, and a collector of the switching transistor 361 is connected to the photocoupler 175. It is connected to the cathode of the light emitting diode 177.

In controlling the DC voltage generation circuit 110 by the stop circuit 360, the circuit protection unit 431 is used when the engine is started until the rotation speed signal input from the rotation speed detection circuit 319 is stably maintained. To output a stop control signal to the stop circuit 360 to turn on the light emitting diode 177 and prevent the thyristor control circuit 170 from outputting a conduction signal.

When the engine speed is stabilized, the output of the stop control signal is stopped, and the DC voltage detection circuit 32
The voltage of the DC power supply unit 120 becomes 16
After confirming that the voltage reaches a predetermined voltage of 0 to 200 volts, the isolated operation control unit 435 or the synchronous operation control unit 437
, The output of the PWM control signal from the PWM signal generation unit 441 is started.

Further, the engine is controlled by rotating the pulse motor of the throttle control mechanism 315 forward or reverse by the engine speed detector 421 and the throttle opening controller 423 via the throttle driver 313. This engine speed control is performed by the output current detection circuit 330.
Throttle control mechanism 315 in accordance with the output current signal from
Or a predetermined value, or the count value of the pulse counter of the throttle control mechanism 315 is set to a predetermined value, and the predetermined engine speed is adjusted according to the output. Further, the ratio of the time during which the conduction signal is output to the DC voltage generation circuit 110 by the cathode potential of the light emitting diode 177 in the photocoupler 175, that is, the thyristor 111
High-efficiency voltage conversion by correcting the throttle opening according to the conductivity of the throttle.

In the portable generator 100, when an overcurrent exceeding the rated current flows, the circuit protection unit 431 of the central control means 310 performs control to stop the operation of the DC voltage generation circuit 110 and the inverter circuit 130. In addition, the power circuit 101 is protected by stopping the output of the single-phase AC voltage, and the control of stopping the operation of the DC voltage generation circuit 110 by the overcurrent detection circuit 350 is performed.

Circuit protection section 431 for protecting power circuit 101
When the output current value exceeds 1.2 times the rated voltage, PW is applied after a duration of several seconds to several minutes.
The output of the PWM control signal output from the M signal generation unit 441 is stopped, and the output of the stop control signal to the stop circuit 360 is started. When the output current value is large according to a value exceeding 1.2 times the rated current, the output of the stop control signal is started in a short duration and the output of the PWM control signal is stopped by the PWM signal generation unit 441. When the value exceeding the rated current is small, the output of the stop control signal and the output stop of the PWM control signal are controlled for a somewhat longer duration to stop the output of the single-phase AC voltage. When the value of the output current reaches more than twice the rated voltage, the output of the PWM control signal is immediately stopped, and the output of the stop control signal is started to stop the output of the single-phase AC voltage.

Further, when the value of the DC voltage detected by the DC voltage detection circuit 320 or the value of the output voltage detected by the output voltage detection circuit 340 becomes abnormally high, the output voltage is a set value. For example, the circuit protection unit 431 sends a stop control signal to the stop circuit 360 when detecting that an abnormal voltage has occurred in the power circuit 101, such as when the voltage drops significantly above 100 volts or when a voltage lower than 100 volts continues. Then, the output of the single-phase AC voltage from the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 is stopped by causing the PWM signal generation unit 441 to stop outputting the PWM control signal.

The overcurrent detection circuit 350 provided separately from the central control means 310 outputs an L-level stop signal to the photocoupler 175 when the value of the output current reaches nearly twice the rated voltage. Then, the output of the conduction signal output from the thyristor control circuit 170 to the DC voltage generation circuit 110 is stopped.
For this reason, when the value of the output current reaches nearly twice the rated voltage, each thyristor 111 of the DC voltage generation circuit 110 is turned off, and the power supply from the AC generator 50 to the DC power supply unit 120 is performed. Is stopped. Therefore, the output voltage of DC power supply unit 120 drops.

Therefore, the output voltage of DC power supply
A first PWM signal and a second PWM signal based on a PWM control signal having a constant duty ratio and an AC voltage by the M control.
The output voltage, which is the potential difference between the first output terminal 151 and the second output terminal 152 formed by the WM signal, decreases, the load current also decreases, and the output current exceeds twice the rated current and the single-phase AC voltage immediately. Can be prevented from being stopped, and the output of the single-phase AC voltage can be stopped in a very short time because the output current value is much more than 1.2 times the rated current.

The overcurrent detection circuit 350 is limited to a case where a reference voltage is set so that a stop signal is output when the output current detection circuit 330 detects a current value nearly twice the rated current value. Without, when a current exceeding 1.5 times the rated current value is about to flow, the rectifying operation of the DC voltage generation circuit 110 is stopped, and the power supply from the AC generator 50 to the DC power supply unit 120 is stopped, For example, when reducing the output voltage, the characteristics and durability of the elements forming the power circuit 101,
In addition, according to the safety standard, the central control means 310 is set as an appropriate value together with the output current value when the stop control signal is output.

[0117]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, an AC generator is rotated to form an AC voltage, and the AC voltage is once converted to DC and then set to a predetermined frequency and a constant voltage. A portable generator for generating and outputting an AC voltage, comprising a central control unit including a PWM signal generation unit and an output voltage waveform monitoring unit, wherein the PWM signal generation unit
A PWM control signal having a pulse width sequentially corresponding to the WM reference value is formed, and the output voltage waveform monitoring unit detects the PWM control signal based on a difference between a voltage table value indicating an output voltage corresponding to each PWM reference value and the detected output voltage value. A corrected value obtained by subtracting a value obtained by multiplying the output current by a constant is calculated and stored, and when the PWM signal generation unit forms a PWM control signal based on the next PWM reference value, the corrected value is calculated from the PWM reference value. It is a portable generator that forms a PWM control signal based on a corrected reference value that is subtracted or added.

Accordingly, it is possible to easily realize a control for reducing the fluctuation of the output voltage value and the distortion of the output voltage due to the type of load and outputting a smooth sinusoidal output voltage.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an entire portable generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram mainly showing a power supply unit of the portable generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a circuit block diagram mainly showing a detection circuit of the portable generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an outline of central control means of the portable generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing a voltage output state of the portable generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of a phase difference between an output voltage and an output current.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a correction state of an output voltage.

FIG. 8 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of a conventional portable generator.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an output voltage.

FIG. 10 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of another conventional portable generator.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 50 AC generator 51 Three-phase output winding 55 Single-phase output winding 100 Portable generator 101 Power circuit 110 DC voltage generation circuit 111 Thyristor 115 Rectifier diode 120 DC power supply unit 121 Main smoothing capacitor 130 Inverter circuit 140 Low-pass filter 151 First 1 output terminal 152 second
Output terminal 160 Gate voltage generation circuit 170 Thyristor control circuit 180 Constant voltage detection circuit 201 Control power supply section 210 Smoothing circuit 221 First constant voltage circuit 225 Second
Constant voltage circuit 230 Regulator 235 Constant voltage circuit 240 Voltage control circuit 250 PWM signal generation circuit 255 Inverter drive circuit 260 Overload detection circuit 265 Operation circuit section 269 Overload detection circuit 270 Sine wave generation circuit 281 Triangular wave generation circuit 285 PWM control signal generation Circuit 291 Square wave generation circuit 293 Start timing circuit 295 Square wave generation circuit 297 Phase comparison circuit 299 Limit value detection circuit 310 Central control means 311 PWM driver 313 Throttle driver 315 Throttle control mechanism 317 Speed detection circuit 319 320 DC voltage detection circuit 330 Output current detection circuit 340 Output voltage detection circuit 350 Overcurrent detection circuit 432 Throttle opening control section 431 Circuit protection section 433 Output voltage monitoring section 435 Single operation control section 435 Period operation control unit 441 PW
M signal generator

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An AC generator is rotated by an engine to form an AC voltage, and after the AC voltage is once converted to DC,
A portable generator for generating a single-phase AC voltage having a predetermined frequency and a constant voltage by an inverter circuit and outputting the single-phase AC voltage from an output terminal, wherein the PWM signal generation unit controls the inverter circuit. And a central control unit including an output voltage waveform monitoring unit that performs an operation based on the detected output voltage and output current values, and the PWM signal generation unit includes:
A PWM control signal having a pulse width sequentially corresponding to the PWM reference value stored in the PWM reference table is formed, and the output voltage waveform monitoring unit detects a voltage table value indicating an output voltage corresponding to each PWM reference value and a detected output voltage. , A correction value obtained by subtracting a value obtained by multiplying the output current value detected by the constant from the value of the output current value and a correction value corresponding to each PWM reference value is stored, and PWM based on the next PWM reference value is calculated. Set the control signal to P
A portable generator, wherein a PWM control signal is formed based on a corrected reference value obtained by subtracting or adding a corrected value from a PWM reference value when the WM signal generating unit forms the PWM control signal.