JP3019747B2 - Refrigeration equipment - Google Patents
Refrigeration equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP3019747B2 JP3019747B2 JP7139726A JP13972695A JP3019747B2 JP 3019747 B2 JP3019747 B2 JP 3019747B2 JP 7139726 A JP7139726 A JP 7139726A JP 13972695 A JP13972695 A JP 13972695A JP 3019747 B2 JP3019747 B2 JP 3019747B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- air volume
- temperature
- air
- heat exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/029—Control issues
- F25B2313/0294—Control issues related to the outdoor fan, e.g. controlling speed
Landscapes
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、空調機等に用いる冷凍
装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerating apparatus used for an air conditioner or the like.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、この種の冷凍装置は、特開平1−
225852号公報で知られているように、冷房時、凝
縮器となる室外熱交換器に付設した室外ファンの風量
を、外気温度に基づいて制御し、冷凍装置の高圧圧力を
適正に保てるようにしている。即ち、外気温度が比較的
低い条件下での冷房時、室外ファンの風量を標準時の高
風量に対して低くし、室外熱交換器での熱交換量を低外
気に見合う適正な値にし、高圧圧力の過剰低下を防止し
て適正な運転が継続できるようにしている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this type of refrigeration system is disclosed in
As known from Japanese Patent No. 225852, during cooling, the air flow rate of an outdoor fan attached to an outdoor heat exchanger serving as a condenser is controlled based on the outside air temperature so that the high pressure of the refrigeration system can be appropriately maintained. ing. That is, at the time of cooling under conditions where the outside air temperature is relatively low, the air flow rate of the outdoor fan is made lower than the high air flow rate of the standard time, and the heat exchange amount in the outdoor heat exchanger is set to an appropriate value corresponding to the low outdoor air. It prevents the pressure from dropping excessively so that proper operation can be continued.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、冷房運転の起
動開始当初から以上のような風量制御を行うのは、以下
の理由で適切ではない。However, it is not appropriate to perform the above air flow control from the beginning of the start of the cooling operation for the following reasons.
【0004】即ち、起動開始当初、圧縮機の内部部品を
構成する圧縮機ロータは、圧縮ガス温度つまり吐出ガス
温度の上昇に伴って比較的早期に高温に達するが、圧縮
機の外わくを構成するケーシングは、外気にさらされて
いるため、その温度上昇は鈍く、圧縮機ロータとこれを
取囲む外わく部材との間には、定常時に比べて大きな温
度差がつくことになる。このような傾向があるにも拘ら
ず、低外気ということで、室外ファンの風量を低風量に
調節していたのでは、吐出ガスの温度上昇が一層促進さ
れ、この温度影響を強く受ける圧縮機ロータの温度上昇
が一層促進されてしまい、圧縮機ロータとその外わく部
材との間には、一層過大な温度差がつくことになる。こ
こに、圧縮機ロータとその外わく部材との間の隙間は、
圧縮ガスが低圧側に漏れて性能が出なくなるのを防止す
るため、非常に狭い値に設定している。従って、圧縮機
ロータの熱膨張が、その外わく部材の熱膨張よりも過剰
に大きくなり、圧縮機ロータと外わく部材との間で接触
が起こり、焼付き事故が発生する問題がある。[0004] That is, at the beginning of the startup, the compressor rotor, which constitutes the internal components of the compressor, reaches a relatively high temperature relatively early with the rise of the compressed gas temperature, that is, the discharge gas temperature, but forms the outer frame of the compressor. Since the casing is exposed to the outside air, its temperature rise is slow, and a large temperature difference is generated between the compressor rotor and an outer frame member surrounding the compressor rotor as compared with a normal state. Despite this tendency, if the air flow of the outdoor fan is adjusted to a low air flow due to the low outside air, the temperature rise of the discharge gas is further promoted, and the compressor is strongly affected by this temperature. The temperature rise of the rotor is further promoted, and an excessively large temperature difference is generated between the compressor rotor and its outer frame members. Here, the gap between the compressor rotor and its outer frame member is
The value is set to a very narrow value to prevent the performance of the compressed gas from leaking to the low pressure side and causing a loss in performance. Therefore, the thermal expansion of the compressor rotor becomes excessively larger than the thermal expansion of the outer frame member, and a contact occurs between the compressor rotor and the outer frame member, causing a problem of seizure.
【0005】本発明では、冷房時に凝縮器となる室外熱
交換器に付設した室外ファンの風量を外気温度に基づい
て制御し、冷凍装置の高圧圧力を適正値に維持できるよ
うにした冷凍装置を前提構成とし、このような冷凍装置
において、起動開始当初にみられる制御の弊害、つまり
圧縮機に焼付き事故が生じるという問題を解消し、信頼
性を向上することができる冷凍装置を提供することをそ
の主目的とするものである。According to the present invention, there is provided a refrigerating apparatus in which the air flow rate of an outdoor fan attached to an outdoor heat exchanger serving as a condenser during cooling is controlled based on the outside air temperature so that the high pressure of the refrigerating apparatus can be maintained at an appropriate value. To provide a refrigeration system that can improve reliability by eliminating the adverse effect of control at the beginning of starting, that is, the problem of the occurrence of a seizure accident in the compressor, in such a refrigeration system. Is its main purpose.
【0006】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで、上記主目的を達
成するため、請求項1記載の発明は、図1に示すよう
に、圧縮機1の吐出側に、冷房時に凝縮器となる空冷式
の室外熱交換器2を接続し、冷房時、外気温度に基づい
て室外熱交換器2に付設する室外ファン20を風量制御
するようにした冷凍装置において、冷房運転の起動開始
当初における運転立上げ過渡期間中、室外ファン20を
強制的に高風量で運転させる強制風量調節手段7を設け
ていると共に、前記運転立上げ過渡期間中における圧縮
機1の運転開始当初の所定期間、圧縮機1への過剰な液
戻りを抑制し且つ圧縮機1を定格容量よりも低い低容量
で運転する併用制御手段を設けている構成にした。Therefore, in order to achieve the above-mentioned main object, the invention according to claim 1 is, as shown in FIG. 1, provided on the discharge side of the compressor 1 as an air-cooled type which becomes a condenser during cooling. In the refrigerating apparatus in which the outdoor heat exchanger 2 is connected and the air flow of the outdoor fan 20 attached to the outdoor heat exchanger 2 is controlled based on the outside air temperature at the time of cooling, the operation is started at the beginning of the start of the cooling operation. A forced air volume adjusting means 7 for forcibly operating the outdoor fan 20 at a high air volume during the transition period is provided, and compression during the operation start-up transition period is performed.
Excess liquid to the compressor 1 for a predetermined period at the beginning of the operation of the compressor 1
Suppress return and keep compressor 1 low capacity lower than rated capacity
The configuration is such that the combined control means operating at is provided .
【0007】請求項2記載の発明は、請求項1記載の発
明において、簡易な構成により、強制風量調節手段7に
よる風量調節を解除させるため、同図1に示すように、
所定時間の計時により、強制風量調節手段7による風量
調節を解除させるタイマTMを備えている構成にした。According to a second aspect of the present invention, in accordance with the first aspect of the present invention, the air volume adjustment by the forced air volume adjusting means 7 is canceled with a simple configuration.
A timer TM for releasing the air volume adjustment by the forced air volume adjusting means 7 by measuring a predetermined time is provided.
【0008】請求項3記載の発明は、適切な判定に基づ
いて強制的な高風量制御を解除することにより、主目的
を効果的に達成するため、図3に示すように、圧縮機1
の吐出側に、冷房時に凝縮器となる空冷式の室外熱交換
器2を接続し、冷房時、外気温度に基づいて室外熱交換
器2に付設する室外ファン20を風量制御するようにし
た冷凍装置において、冷房運転の起動開始当初における
運転立上げ過渡期間中、室外ファン20を強制的に高風
量で運転させる強制風量調節手段7を設けていると共
に、圧縮機1の吐出ガス温度又は圧力の変化に基づいて
強制風量調節手段7による風量調節を解除させる吐出ガ
ス判定による解除手段8を備えている構成にした。[0008] The invention according to claim 3 is based on an appropriate judgment.
Release the compulsory high air volume control,
As shown in FIG. 3, the compressor 1
Air-cooled outdoor heat exchange that becomes a condenser during cooling on the discharge side of
Heater 2 is connected and outdoor heat exchange is performed based on the outside air temperature during cooling.
The outdoor fan 20 attached to the vessel 2 is controlled in air volume.
In the refrigerating system,
During the transitional period of operation start-up, the outdoor fan 20
When the forced air volume adjusting means 7 for operating the air volume is provided,
Further, a configuration is provided in which there is provided a release means 8 based on discharge gas determination for releasing the air volume adjustment by the forced air volume adjustment means 7 based on a change in the temperature or pressure of the discharge gas of the compressor 1.
【0009】[0009]
【作用】請求項1記載の発明では、外気温度に拘らず、
即ち、低外気時であっても、冷房運転の起動開始当初に
おける運転立上げ過渡期間中は、強制風量調節手段7に
より、室外ファン20は強制的に高風量で運転される。
また、前記運転立上げ過渡期間中における圧縮機1の運
転開始当初の所定期間、圧縮機1は、過剰な液戻りを抑
制しつつ低い容量で運転される。このため、起動初期に
おける吐出ガスの温度上昇を抑制でき、吐出ガスの温度
影響を強く受ける圧縮機1の内部部品たる圧縮機ロータ
の温度上昇を抑制することができる。従って、圧縮機ロ
ータとこれを取り囲む外わく部材との間の温度差を小さ
くすることができ、熱膨張差に起因した焼付き事故を防
止することができる。同時に、液バックに起因した液圧
縮による過剰な圧力及び温度上昇を抑制でき、圧縮機1
の損傷を効果的に防止できる。特に、圧縮機ロータとそ
の外わく部材との間の隙間を非常に小さくする必要のあ
る回転式圧縮機に有効である。そして、このような運転
立上げ過渡期間の経過後は、室外ファン20は外気温度
に基づいて風量制御され、低外気時は、その風量が低風
量に制御されるから、高圧圧力の低下を抑制できて、適
正な運転が行えるのである。According to the first aspect of the present invention, regardless of the outside air temperature,
That is, even during low outdoor air, the outdoor fan 20 is forcibly operated at a high air flow by the forced air flow adjusting means 7 during the operation start-up transition period at the beginning of the start of the cooling operation.
In addition, during the operation start-up transition period, the operation of the compressor 1 is performed.
During a predetermined period at the beginning of the rotation, the compressor 1 suppresses excessive liquid return.
It is operated at a low capacity while controlling. For this reason, it is possible to suppress a rise in the temperature of the discharge gas in the initial stage of startup, and to suppress a rise in the temperature of the compressor rotor that is an internal component of the compressor 1 that is strongly affected by the temperature of the discharge gas. Therefore, the temperature difference between the compressor rotor and the outer frame member surrounding the compressor rotor can be reduced, and the seizure accident caused by the difference in thermal expansion can be prevented. At the same time, the hydraulic pressure caused by the liquid back
Excessive pressure and temperature rise due to compression can be suppressed, and the compressor 1
Can be effectively prevented. In particular, it is effective for a rotary compressor that requires a very small gap between the compressor rotor and its outer frame. After the elapse of the operation start-up transition period, the outdoor fan 20 is controlled in air volume based on the outside air temperature, and in low outdoor air, the air volume is controlled to a low air volume. It is possible to perform proper operation.
【0010】請求項2記載の発明では、タイマTMによ
る所定時間の計時を経た後、強制風量調節手段7による
風量調節が解除される。タイマTMにより一律的に強制
的な風量調節を解除するものであるから、外気温度や圧
縮機1の初期温度等によって強制風量調節の解除の時期
が何時でも最適になるとは限らないが、タイマTMの計
時により制御を切替えるものであるから、構成を簡易に
することができる。According to the second aspect of the present invention, the adjustment of the air volume by the forced air volume adjusting means 7 is canceled after a predetermined time is counted by the timer TM. Since the forced air volume adjustment is uniformly canceled by the timer TM, the timing of canceling the forced air volume adjustment is not always optimal at all times depending on the outside air temperature, the initial temperature of the compressor 1, and the like. Since the control is switched by the time measurement, the configuration can be simplified.
【0011】請求項3記載の発明では、圧縮機1の吐出
ガス温度又は圧力の変化に基づいて強制風量調節手段7
による風量調節が解除される。起動開始当初、強制風量
調節手段7により吐出ガスの温度上昇は抑制されている
が、起動開始から時間経過とともに吐出ガス温度又は圧
力は上昇傾向をたどり、定常運転に近くなると、その変
化が緩やかになって、やがては所定の値に落ち着くこと
になる。この吐出ガス温度又は圧力の変化は、外気温度
や圧縮機1の初期温度等の各種条件によって時間的な差
は認められるが、変化の傾向は同じである。従って、吐
出ガス温度又は圧力の変化により、定常運転に近いか否
かを知ることができ、この変化に基づいて強制風量調節
手段7による風量調節を解除するのであるから、タイマ
による一律的な制御の切替えに比べて、構成は複雑にな
るが、外気温度や圧縮機1の初期温度等の各種条件に応
じて、より適切な制御の切替えが可能になる。According to the third aspect of the present invention, the forced air flow rate adjusting means 7 based on a change in the temperature or pressure of the gas discharged from the compressor 1.
The air volume adjustment by is released. At the beginning of the start of the operation, the temperature rise of the discharge gas is suppressed by the forced air volume adjusting means 7. However, the discharge gas temperature or the pressure follows an increasing tendency with the lapse of time from the start of the start, and gradually changes when approaching the steady operation. Eventually, it will eventually reach a predetermined value. This change in the discharge gas temperature or pressure has a temporal difference depending on various conditions such as the outside air temperature and the initial temperature of the compressor 1, but the change tendency is the same. Therefore, it is possible to know whether or not the operation is close to the steady operation based on the change in the discharge gas temperature or the pressure, and the air volume adjustment by the forced air volume adjusting means 7 is released based on this change. Although the configuration is more complicated than the switching of the control, the control can be more appropriately switched according to various conditions such as the outside air temperature and the initial temperature of the compressor 1.
【0012】[0012]
【実施例】図1に示すものは、冷暖房可能としたヒート
ポンプ式の冷凍装置であり、圧縮機1の吐出口11から
吸入口12にかけて、吐出管61、四路切換弁4の第1
固定ポート41、該四路切換弁4の第1切換ポート4
3、ガス管62、冷房時に凝縮器となり暖房時に蒸発器
となる室外熱交換器2、液管63、膨張機構3、液管6
4、冷房時に蒸発器となり暖房時に凝縮器となる室内熱
交換器5、ガス管65、四路切換弁4の第2切換ポート
44、該四路切換弁4の第2固定ポート42、吸入管6
6を順次接続したものである。FIG. 1 shows a heat pump type refrigerating apparatus capable of cooling and heating. From a discharge port 11 to a suction port 12 of a compressor 1, a discharge pipe 61 and a first four-way switching valve 4 are provided.
Fixed port 41, first switching port 4 of four-way switching valve 4
3, gas pipe 62, outdoor heat exchanger 2, which becomes a condenser during cooling and becomes an evaporator during heating, liquid pipe 63, expansion mechanism 3, liquid pipe 6
4. an indoor heat exchanger 5, which serves as an evaporator during cooling and a condenser during heating, a gas pipe 65, a second switching port 44 of the four-way switching valve 4, a second fixed port 42 of the four-way switching valve 4, a suction pipe 6
6 are sequentially connected.
【0013】圧縮機1は、外わくのケーシング13の内
部に、圧縮機モータCMで駆動する圧縮機ロータ14を
備え、該ロータ14とこれを取り囲むケーシング13側
の静止部材との間に画成する圧縮室内で、冷媒を圧縮す
るようにしている。又、圧縮行程途中のガスを吸入側に
バイパスさせるバイパス方式の容量制御機構を具備して
おり、そのロード%を低容量の12%及び40%、定格
容量の100%に各々変更可能にしている。尚、容量制
御機構は、バイパス方式とする他、インバータ等による
回転数変更方式であってもよい。又、圧縮機1の型式
は、例えば、圧縮機ロータ14にローリングピストンを
用いたロータリー式等がある。The compressor 1 is provided with a compressor rotor 14 driven by a compressor motor CM inside an outer casing 13, and is defined between the rotor 14 and a stationary member surrounding the casing 13 on the casing 13 side. The refrigerant is compressed in the compression chamber. In addition, a bypass type capacity control mechanism for bypassing the gas in the middle of the compression stroke to the suction side is provided, and its load% can be changed to 12% and 40% of the low capacity and 100% of the rated capacity, respectively. . The capacity control mechanism may be of a bypass type or of a rotational speed changing type using an inverter or the like. The type of the compressor 1 is, for example, a rotary type using a rolling piston for the compressor rotor 14.
【0014】室外熱交換器2は、空冷式のものであり、
室外ファン20を付設している。この室外ファン20
は、ファンモータFMで駆動しており、極数変換等によ
って回転数を高速と低速に切換え、風量を変更できるよ
うにしている。室外ファン20の風量を変えるには、フ
ァンモータFMの回転数を変える他、該室外ファン20
を複数台のファンで構成し、その運転台数の変更によ
り、風量を変えるようにしてもよい。The outdoor heat exchanger 2 is an air-cooled type.
An outdoor fan 20 is provided. This outdoor fan 20
Are driven by a fan motor FM, and the number of revolutions is switched between high speed and low speed by pole number conversion or the like so that the air volume can be changed. In order to change the air volume of the outdoor fan 20, in addition to changing the rotation speed of the fan motor FM,
May be configured with a plurality of fans, and the air volume may be changed by changing the number of fans operated.
【0015】こうして、冷房時は、図1中実線矢印で示
すように冷媒を循環させ、室外熱交換器2を凝縮器に、
室内熱交換器5を蒸発器とし、室内を冷すようにしてい
る。一方、暖房時は、四路切換弁4を点線のようにポー
トの連通関係を切換えることにより、点線矢印で示すよ
うに冷媒を循環させ、室内熱交換器5を凝縮器に、室外
熱交換器2を蒸発器とし、室内を暖めるようにしてい
る。In this way, during cooling, the refrigerant is circulated as shown by the solid arrow in FIG. 1, and the outdoor heat exchanger 2 is connected to the condenser.
The indoor heat exchanger 5 is used as an evaporator to cool the room. On the other hand, at the time of heating, the four-way switching valve 4 switches the communication relationship of the ports as shown by the dotted line, thereby circulating the refrigerant as shown by the dotted arrow, turning the indoor heat exchanger 5 into a condenser, and the outdoor heat exchanger. 2 is an evaporator to warm the room.
【0016】圧縮機モータCM及びファンモータFM等
は、コントローラ100により制御しており、冷房時で
あって、圧縮機モータCMが起動されてから相当程度時
間が経過した定常時においては、外気温度検出器101
で検出する外気温度に基づいて室外ファン20を風量制
御するようにしている。すなわち、例えば外気温度が摂
氏20度を越える高外気時は高風量に、一方、20度以
下の低外気時は低風量に制御するようにしている。尚、
暖房時は、室外ファン20を一律に高風量にしている。The compressor motor CM, the fan motor FM, and the like are controlled by the controller 100. During a cooling operation and during a steady state after a considerable time has elapsed since the start of the compressor motor CM, the outside air temperature is controlled. Detector 101
The air flow of the outdoor fan 20 is controlled on the basis of the outside air temperature detected in step (1). That is, for example, when the outside air temperature exceeds 20 degrees Celsius, the air volume is controlled to be high when the outside air temperature is higher than 20 degrees Celsius, and when the outside air temperature is 20 degrees Celsius or lower, the air volume is controlled to be low. still,
During heating, the outdoor fan 20 has a uniform high air volume.
【0017】以上の構成において、コントローラ100
に、冷房運転の起動開始当初における運転立上げ過渡期
間中、室外ファン20を強制的に高風量で運転させる強
制風量調節手段7を設けている。強制風量調節手段7に
よる風量調節の解除は、例えば7分間の所定時間を計時
するタイマTMのタイムアップにより行うこととしてい
る。In the above configuration, the controller 100
Further, there is provided a forced air volume adjusting means 7 for forcibly operating the outdoor fan 20 at a high air volume during an operation startup transition period at the beginning of the start of the cooling operation. The release of the air volume adjustment by the forced air volume adjusting means 7 is performed by, for example, time-up of a timer TM that measures a predetermined time of 7 minutes.
【0018】冷房運転の起動当初からの制御は、図2に
示すフローチャートに従って行われる。即ち、冷房運転
の開始直後、室外ファン20の風量を強制的に高風量H
に設定し(ステップa)、該室外ファン20を高風量で
運転し(ステップb)、その後、例えば5秒程度の時間
遅れの後に、圧縮機1を駆動する(ステップc)。タイ
マTMの計時期間である7分間が経過するまで、室外フ
ァン20を高風量で運転し続け(ステップd)、これに
より、圧縮機1の吐出ガス温度の上昇を抑制して、圧縮
機ロータ14とこれを取り囲むケーシング13側の静止
部材との間の温度差を小さくし、両者の熱膨張の差を小
さくして焼き付き事故が発生するのを防止するようにし
ている。The control from the beginning of the cooling operation is performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG. That is, immediately after the start of the cooling operation, the air volume of the outdoor fan 20 is forcibly increased to the high air volume H.
(Step a), the outdoor fan 20 is operated at a high air flow (Step b), and then, after a time delay of, for example, about 5 seconds, the compressor 1 is driven (Step c). Until seven minutes, which is the time period of the timer TM, has elapsed, the outdoor fan 20 continues to operate at a high air flow (step d), thereby suppressing an increase in the discharge gas temperature of the compressor 1 and increasing the compressor rotor 14. The temperature difference between the stationary member and the surrounding stationary member on the casing 13 side is reduced, and the difference in thermal expansion between the two is reduced to prevent the occurrence of a burn-in accident.
【0019】そして、7分間が経過してタイマTMがタ
イムアップした後、外気温度検出器101で検出する外
気温度に基づいて、定常時のファン制御に移行するので
あり(ステップe)、外気温度がT度以下例えば摂氏2
0度を越えない低外気時には、その風量を低風量Lにし
(ステップf)、20度を越える高外気時には、その風
量を高風量Hのするのである(ステップg)。こうし
て、定常運転に移行後は、低外気の場合には、室外ファ
ン20の風量が低く抑えられるため、吐出ガス圧力つま
り高圧圧力の極端な低下を抑制でき、適正な運転を継続
できるのである。After seven minutes have passed and the timer TM has timed out, the routine shifts to fan control in a steady state based on the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature detector 101 (step e). Is less than T degrees, for example, 2 degrees Celsius
When the outside air does not exceed 0 degrees, the air volume is set to low air volume L (step f), and when the outside air exceeds 20 degrees, the air volume is set to high air volume H (step g). In this way, after the shift to the steady operation, in the case of low outside air, the flow rate of the outdoor fan 20 is suppressed to a low level, so that an extreme decrease in the discharge gas pressure, that is, the high pressure, can be suppressed, and the proper operation can be continued.
【0020】ところで、実際の起動当初からの運転は、
圧縮機1の容量制御をも併用して行っており、図3に示
すようになる。すなわち、起動開始から5秒後に、つま
り、室外ファン20の起動から5秒後に、圧縮機1をま
ず最低容量の12%で駆動するようにしている。これ
は、圧縮動力を軽減し、圧縮機モータCMの起動電流を
低減して円滑な運転の立ち上げが行えるようにするため
である。次に、起動開始後2分〜5分間は、運転容量を
40%にロードアップするようにしている。起動開始5
秒後から5分経過前の期間、つまり圧縮機1が12%及
び40%で運転されている期間は、いわゆる液バック防
止のためのポンプダウン運転期間であり、膨張機構3の
開度を絞り込み、或は閉鎖し、圧縮機1に多量の液が急
激に戻ることがないようにして、該圧縮機1の損傷を未
然に回避するようにしている。起動開始後5分経過後
は、定格容量の100%ロードになっているが、これ
は、一般的に、運転の開始当初は、室内の負荷が大き
く、大きな室内負荷に対応して、結果的に定格運転にな
ったというだけであり、室内負荷が小さい場合は、当然
40%のままで運転が続行される場合もあり得る。By the way, the actual operation from the start is as follows:
The control of the capacity of the compressor 1 is also performed in combination, as shown in FIG. That is, the compressor 1 is first driven at 12% of the minimum capacity 5 seconds after the start of the start, that is, 5 seconds after the start of the outdoor fan 20. This is because the compression power is reduced, and the starting current of the compressor motor CM is reduced so that the smooth operation can be started. Next, for 2 to 5 minutes after the start of the operation, the operating capacity is loaded to 40%. Start 5
A period before the elapse of 5 minutes from the second, that is, a period in which the compressor 1 is operated at 12% and 40% is a so-called pump-down operation period for preventing liquid back, and the opening degree of the expansion mechanism 3 is reduced. Alternatively, the compressor 1 is closed to prevent a large amount of liquid from returning to the compressor 1 abruptly, so that the compressor 1 is prevented from being damaged. Five minutes after the start of the operation, the load is 100% of the rated capacity. However, this is generally due to the large load in the room at the beginning of the operation and the large load in the room. However, when the indoor load is small, the operation may naturally continue at 40%.
【0021】強制風量調節手段7による強制的な風量調
節期間すなわちタイマTMの計時期間である7分間は、
上記の起動当初のポンプダウンのための容量制御期間で
ある5分間をカバーし、更に、多くの場合に起こる10
0%ロードにロードアップされた後に吐出ガス温度T2
が落ち着くまでの時間である約2分間を加えたものであ
り、この7分間の期間中に、室外ファン20を高風量に
固定して運転することにより、吐出ガス温度T2の温度
上昇従って圧縮機ロータ14の温度上昇を抑制すること
ができ、外わく部材であるケーシング13側の静止部材
の温度T1との温度差が過剰に大きくならないようにで
き、熱膨張差に起因した焼き付き事故を回避できるので
ある。During the forced air volume adjustment period by the forced air volume adjustment means 7, that is, 7 minutes, which is the time period measured by the timer TM,
The above-mentioned capacity control period for the pump down at the start of the start-up is covered for 5 minutes.
Discharge gas temperature T2 after loading to 0% load
During this seven-minute period, the outdoor fan 20 is operated at a high air flow to operate, thereby increasing the temperature of the discharge gas temperature T2 and thus the compressor. A rise in the temperature of the rotor 14 can be suppressed, and the temperature difference from the temperature T1 of the stationary member on the casing 13 side, which is the outer frame, can be prevented from becoming excessively large, and a seizure accident caused by a difference in thermal expansion can be avoided. It is.
【0022】尚、図1に示すように、圧縮機1には、そ
の内部部品たる圧縮機ロータ14の温度評価を行う吐出
ガス温度検出器102と、圧縮機ロータ14を取り囲む
ケーシング13側の静止部材の温度を検出する外かく温
度検出器103とを設け、これら検出器102,103
をコントローラ100に入力させており、両者の温度差
が30度になると、運転を何時でも異常停止するように
している。上述した通り、起動当初は、強制風量調節手
段7により、低外気時に定常時と同様に低風量にしたと
するならば起こり得る圧縮機ロータ14とこれを取り囲
む静止部材との間の過剰な温度差を低減でき、異常停止
する場合は稀であるが、強制風量制御によってもなお回
避できない異常の場合は、事故発生前に運転停止でき、
一層の安全が図れる。又、定常時でも、常時、実際の焼
き付きが起こりうる2つの部材間の温度を監視して異常
時に停止させるから、確実な安全が図れている。As shown in FIG. 1, the compressor 1 has a discharge gas temperature detector 102 for evaluating the temperature of a compressor rotor 14 as an internal component thereof, and a stationary casing 13 side surrounding the compressor rotor 14. An external temperature detector 103 for detecting the temperature of the member is provided.
Is input to the controller 100, and when the temperature difference between the two reaches 30 degrees, the operation is abnormally stopped at any time. As described above, at the beginning of startup, the excessive air temperature between the compressor rotor 14 and the stationary member surrounding the compressor rotor 14 which may occur if the air volume is reduced by the forced air volume adjusting means 7 at low outside air as in the steady state. The difference can be reduced, and an abnormal stop is rare.However, in the case of an abnormality that cannot be avoided even by forced air flow control, the operation can be stopped before the accident occurs,
Further safety can be achieved. In addition, even during a steady state, the temperature between the two members where actual burn-in can occur is always monitored and stopped in the event of an abnormality, so that reliable safety is achieved.
【0023】以上のものでは、強制風量制御手段7によ
る制御期間をタイマTMの計時期間である7分間に固定
したが、図3に示したように、定常時の制御に切り替え
ようとしているときには、吐出ガス温度T2は上昇傾向
が緩やかになり、所定の値に落ち着こうとするため、タ
イマTMに代え、図4に示すように、吐出ガス温度ある
いはこれと実質的に同じ変化傾向をたどる吐出ガス圧力
の変化に基づいて強制風量調節手段7による風量調節を
解除させてもよい。すなわち、吐出ガス温度又は圧力の
変化に基づいて強制風量調節手段7による風量調節を解
除させる吐出ガス判定による解除手段8を設けて、この
解除手段8により、図3中P点で示すように吐出ガス温
度T2のピーク点近くを検出することにより、制御の切
り替えを行うようにしてもよい。この場合には、コント
ローラ100上で、吐出ガス温度又は圧力の変化を監視
する必要があるが、外気温度や圧縮機1の初期温度の相
違に応じて、適正に制御を切り替えることができる。In the above, the control period of the forced air volume control means 7 is fixed to 7 minutes, which is the time period of the timer TM. However, as shown in FIG. The discharge gas temperature T2 gradually rises and tends to settle to a predetermined value. Therefore, instead of the timer TM, as shown in FIG. 4, the discharge gas temperature or the discharge gas pressure following the substantially same change tendency as shown in FIG. May be canceled based on the change in the air volume. That is, there is provided a releasing means 8 based on a discharge gas determination for releasing the air volume adjustment by the forced air volume adjusting means 7 based on a change in the discharge gas temperature or the pressure, and the releasing means 8 performs discharge as shown by a point P in FIG. Control may be switched by detecting near the peak point of the gas temperature T2. In this case, it is necessary to monitor the change in the discharge gas temperature or the pressure on the controller 100, but the control can be appropriately switched according to the difference between the outside air temperature and the initial temperature of the compressor 1.
【0024】[0024]
【発明の効果】請求項1記載の発明によれば、圧縮機1
の運転開始当初の過剰な液戻りを抑制しながらの低容量
運転によるポンプダウンと組合わせ、室外ファン20の
風量を高風量としたから、液バックに起因した液圧縮に
よる過剰な圧力及び温度上昇を抑制できると共に、室外
ファン20の不適切な風量に起因した吐出ガスの温度上
昇に伴う圧縮機ロータと外わく部材との温度差を少なく
でき、圧縮機1の損傷を効果的に防止できる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the compressor 1
Low volume while suppressing excessive liquid return at the beginning of operation
In combination with pump down by operation, the outdoor fan 20
Because the air volume is high, it can be used for liquid compression due to liquid back.
Excessive pressure and temperature rise due to
Above the temperature of the discharged gas due to the inappropriate air volume of the fan 20
Minimizes the temperature difference between the compressor rotor and the outer member due to rising
Thus, damage to the compressor 1 can be effectively prevented.
【0025】請求項2記載の発明によれば、タイマTM
の計時により制御を切替えるものであるから、構成を簡
易にすることができる。According to the second aspect of the present invention, the timer TM
Since the control is switched by the time measurement, the configuration can be simplified.
【0026】請求項3記載の発明によれば、吐出ガス温
度又は圧力の変化に基づいて強制風量調節手段7による
風量調節を解除するから、外気温度や圧縮機1の初期温
度等の各種条件に応じて、より適切な制御の切替えが可
能になる。According to the third aspect of the present invention, the adjustment of the air volume by the forced air volume adjusting means 7 is canceled based on the change in the temperature or pressure of the discharged gas, so that various conditions such as the outside air temperature and the initial temperature of the compressor 1 can be adjusted. Accordingly, more appropriate control switching can be performed.
【図1】本発明冷凍装置の回路図。FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.
【図2】同制御のフローチャート。FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the control.
【図3】同制御のタイムチャート。FIG. 3 is a time chart of the control.
【図4】同他の実施例の要部構成図。FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a main part of another embodiment.
1;圧縮機、2;室外熱交換器、20;室外ファン、
7;強制風量調節手段、TM;タイマ、8;解除手段1; compressor; 2; outdoor heat exchanger; 20; outdoor fan;
7; forced air volume adjusting means, TM; timer, 8;
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平1−225852(JP,A) 特開 昭59−93160(JP,A) 特開 平3−175230(JP,A) 特開 平6−323647(JP,A) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7,DB名) F25B 1/00 351 F25B 1/00 341 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-225852 (JP, A) JP-A-59-93160 (JP, A) JP-A-3-175230 (JP, A) JP-A-6-205 323647 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) F25B 1/00 351 F25B 1/00 341
Claims (3)
器となる空冷式の室外熱交換器(2)を接続し、冷房
時、外気温度に基づいて室外熱交換器(2)に付設する
室外ファン(20)を風量制御するようにした冷凍装置
において、冷房運転の起動開始当初における運転立上げ
過渡期間中、室外ファン(20)を強制的に高風量で運
転させる強制風量調節手段(7)を設けていると共に、
前記運転立上げ過渡期間中における圧縮機(1)の運転
開始当初の所定期間、圧縮機(1)への過剰な液戻りを
抑制し且つ圧縮機(1)を定格容量よりも低い低容量で
運転する併用制御手段を設けていることを特徴とする冷
凍装置。An air-cooled outdoor heat exchanger (2), which is a condenser during cooling, is connected to the discharge side of the compressor (1), and the outdoor heat exchanger (2) is based on the outside air temperature during cooling. In the refrigeration system in which the outdoor fan (20) attached to the air conditioner is controlled in air volume, forced air volume control in which the outdoor fan (20) is forcibly operated at a high air volume during a start-up transition period at the beginning of the start of cooling operation. Means (7) ,
Operation of the compressor (1) during the operation start-up transition period
Excess liquid return to compressor (1) for a predetermined period at the beginning
Suppress and operate the compressor (1) at a low capacity lower than the rated capacity
A refrigeration apparatus comprising a combined control unit for operating .
段(7)による風量調節を解除させるタイマ(TM)を
備えている請求項1記載の冷凍装置。2. The refrigerating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a timer (TM) for releasing the air volume adjustment by the forced air volume adjusting means (7) by measuring a predetermined time.
器となる空冷式の室外熱交換器(2)を接続し、冷房
時、外気温度に基づいて室外熱交換器(2)に付設する
室外ファン(20)を風量制御するようにした冷凍装置
において、冷房運転の起動開始当初における運転立上げ
過渡期間中、室外ファン(20)を強制的に高風量で運
転させる強制風量調節手段(7)を設けていると共に、
圧縮機(1)の吐出ガス温度又は圧力の変化に基づいて
強制風量調節手段(7)による風量調節を解除させる吐
出ガス判定による解除手段(8)を備えていることを特
徴とする冷凍装置。3. A condenser on the discharge side of the compressor (1) during cooling.
Air-cooled outdoor heat exchanger (2)
At times, it is attached to the outdoor heat exchanger (2) based on the outside air temperature
A refrigeration system that controls the air flow of the outdoor fan (20)
At the beginning of the start of cooling operation
During the transition period, the outdoor fan (20) is forcibly operated at a high air flow.
A forced air volume adjusting means (7) for turning is provided,
Based on the change in the temperature or pressure of the gas discharged from the compressor (1)
A spout for canceling the air volume adjustment by the forced air volume adjusting means (7)
It is characterized in that it comprises a release means (8) for determining outgassing.
Refrigeration equipment .
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7139726A JP3019747B2 (en) | 1995-06-06 | 1995-06-06 | Refrigeration equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7139726A JP3019747B2 (en) | 1995-06-06 | 1995-06-06 | Refrigeration equipment |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH08327165A JPH08327165A (en) | 1996-12-13 |
JP3019747B2 true JP3019747B2 (en) | 2000-03-13 |
Family
ID=15251969
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP7139726A Expired - Lifetime JP3019747B2 (en) | 1995-06-06 | 1995-06-06 | Refrigeration equipment |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3019747B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6149912B2 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2017-06-21 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Heat pump type heating device |
WO2020235043A1 (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2020-11-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Heat pump device |
-
1995
- 1995-06-06 JP JP7139726A patent/JP3019747B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH08327165A (en) | 1996-12-13 |
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