JP2976797B2 - Fuel production method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates relates to a fuel production process, in particular, from the waste and consumer waste, or living dust generated from the manufacturing process in various manufacturing industries, to produce a stable quality fuel related to fuel production method is Ru can.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, attempts have been made in various manufacturing industries to effectively reuse waste, used waste, household garbage, and the like generated from a manufacturing process as fuel for the purpose of resource saving, energy saving and reduction of waste. Many have been proposed.

[0003]

The quality of the fuel obtained from these wastes varies greatly because the supply amount and components of the raw material wastes vary greatly.
In order to effectively reuse the fuel obtained from waste as a fuel equivalent to coal, it is important to stabilize the quality of the obtained fuel, especially the calorific value and the burning time.

[0004] By the way, conventionally, when converting waste into fuel,
Facilities for converting household waste into fuel include a device for crushing household waste into a size suitable for conversion into fuel, a device for supplying a certain amount of the waste to the fuel converter, a fuel converter, and a control device for these devices. The calorific value and the burning time of the manufactured fuel are measured only at most once a day at most, and the operation for reducing the variation in the calorific value and the burning time of the obtained fuel is performed. Is not specifically done.

[0005] Further, in the case where industrial wastes discharged from various manufacturing industries are mixed and converted into fuel, attempts have been made to equalize the calorific value of the fuel obtained by setting the mixing ratio of each waste to a predetermined ratio. However, waste is diversified and the calorific value and combustion time of the fuel obtained vary widely due to fluctuations in the properties and calorific value of the waste itself, and fluctuations in the amount of waste supplied. .

The present invention was made in view of the above conventional circumstances, is to provide a fuel manufacturing method is Ru can be produced stable quality fuel from various waste easily and efficiently Aim.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]The present inventionFuel productionMethod
IsMultiple typesA raw material supply device for individually supplying raw materials,
A mixing device for mixing the supplied raw materials, and the mixed raw materials
A fuel conversion device to convert the fuel into fuel and the quality of the fuel produced.
A fuel quality determination deviceIn preparation
From various raw materials with known calorific values, moisture and ash
Combined to produce fuel The amount of heat generated by the raw material
High calorie raw materials, medium calorie raw materials and low calorie raw materials
Ingredients into each feeder, and each raw material is individually specified.
After supplying and blending by quantity, it is converted to fuel to produce fuel,
This fuel is collected at regular intervals by the fuel quality judgment device and emitted.
Measures the calorific value and combustion time, and sets the calorific value measurement value in advance
Calorie so that the difference from the calorific value
Control the amount of raw material supplied, and measure combustion time and
Each difference is set so that the difference from the preset combustion time is within a predetermined range.
Control the amount of heat generated, ash and water supplyThat
Features.

[0008]

The fuel production equipment used in the present invention is provided with a fuel quality judging device for judging the quality of the produced fuel, so that the quality control of the produced fuel can be easily performed. By adjusting the individual supply amounts of the raw materials classified according to the calorific value based on the quality determination result, it is possible to stably produce a fuel of a desired quality.

[0009] According to the fuel production method of the present invention, such
Easy and efficient production of fuel with stable calorific value and burning time with a given average calorific value, average moisture content and average ash content from high-calorie, medium-calorie and low-calorie raw materials with a simple fuel production facility be able to.

[0010]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of a fuel production process of the present invention will be described in detail.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of a fuel production facility used in the present invention.

In the fuel production facility of this embodiment, various kinds of waste are generated with high calorific value (hereinafter referred to as "high calorie raw material") and low calorific value with low calorific value (hereinafter referred to as "high calorie raw material"). Classified into three types of raw materials: low-calorie raw materials) and waste with a calorific value intermediate between high-calorie raw materials and low-calorie raw materials (hereinafter referred to as "medium-calorie raw materials"). This is a facility that manufactures solid fuel by mixing and supplying.

In this embodiment, the high calorie raw material is plastic waste and the like, and the medium calorie raw material is paper,
Wood and the like, and low calorie raw materials are activated sludge and combustion ash. Household garbage is classified as a medium calorie raw material because the calorific value fluctuates greatly and is not constant.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a high calorie raw material supply device, 2 denotes a medium calorie raw material supply device, and 3 denotes a low calorie raw material supply device.
A, 3A, and the motors 1A, 2A, 3A are controlled in rotation speed by a rotation speed controller 9 linked to a fuel quality determination device 7, which will be described later, so that the supply amount of each raw material is adjusted. . Reference numeral 4 denotes a belt conveyor for mixing the raw materials supplied from the supply devices 1, 2, and 3, and reference numeral 5 denotes a fuel conversion device. In this embodiment, a twin-screw extruder was used. Reference numeral 6 denotes a switching chute for switching the destination of the fuel discharged from the fuel conversion device 5 to the fuel quality determination device 7 or the discharge belt conveyor 8.

In the fuel production facility of this embodiment, the number of rotations of the motors 1A, 2A, 3A is set in advance.
The high calorie raw material, the medium calorie raw material and the low calorie raw material are supplied from the supply devices 1, 2 and 3 onto the belt conveyor 4 so as to have a predetermined mixing ratio, and are mixed. The raw material prepared on the belt conveyor 4 is converted into solid fuel by the fuel conversion device 5 and discharged from the switching chute 6 and the belt conveyor 8 to be stored or shipped.

This switching chute 6 is periodically switched to the fuel quality judging device 7 side, and a part of the fuel produced at regular intervals is sampled.

The quality of the sampled fuel, for example, the calorific value is measured in the fuel quality judging device 7, and based on the measurement result, the calorific value of the fuel to be produced is set to be within a predetermined range. The rotation speed controller 9 controls the supply device 1
By controlling the number of rotations of a few motors 1A, 2A, 3A,
Change the set supply amount of each raw material.

That is, with respect to the set calorific value of the fuel,
When the calorific value of the obtained fuel is large, the rotation speed of the motor 1A is reduced and the rotation speed of the motor 3A is increased so as to reduce the supply amount of the high-calorie raw material and increase the supply amount of the low-calorie raw material. Conversely, when the calorific value of the obtained fuel is smaller than the calorific value of the set fuel, the rotation of the motor 1A is increased so as to increase the supply amount of the high-calorie raw material and decrease the supply amount of the low-calorie raw material. Increase the number and decrease the rotation number of the motor 3A.

Hereinafter, a method of controlling the supply amount of each raw material from the calorific value of the manufactured fuel and the measured value of the burning time when the production is performed under the supply conditions shown in Table 1 below will be described in more detail. explain.

[0020]

[Table 1]

The quality and the like of the solid fuel manufactured under the above conditions are as follows.

[0022]

(Equation 1)

The combustion time of the fuel at this time is t (s
ec).

When the calorific value and the burning time of the actually manufactured solid fuel are Hc (kcal / kg) and tc (sec), the relative errors P and T are as follows.

[0025]

(Equation 2)

Now, when the amounts of X, Y and Z are controlled so as to fall within the range of -5.ltoreq.P.ltoreq.5 and -10.ltoreq.T.ltoreq.10, specifically, the following conditions (1) to (4) should be satisfied. X, Y, Z
By performing the fuzzy control of the amount of fuel, a fuel whose calorific value and combustion time fall within a predetermined range can be produced.

When P <−5, X is decreased, Y is increased, and Z is increased.

When P> 5, raise X, lower Y,
Lower Z.

When T <−10, the supply amount of the ash raw material higher than a is reduced, and the supply amount of the water raw material higher than h is reduced.
Increase the calorific value of the raw material supply.

When T> 10, the ash raw material supply amount higher than a is increased, the moisture raw material supply amount higher than h is increased, and the calorific value raw material supply amount higher than H is decreased.

4500 ≦ H ≦ 6500, preferably 5000 ≦ H ≦ 6000 5 ≦ h ≦ 25, preferably 5 ≦ h ≦ 20 15 ≦ a ≦ 50, preferably 20 ≦ a ≦ 40 X + Y + Z = A: set value 60 ≦ t ≦ 500 sec, preferably 100 ≦ t ≦ 300 Thereby, the fluctuation of the calorific value of the product fuel and the combustion time caused by the change of the property and calorific value of the raw material waste are automatically grasped in a short cycle. By controlling the amount of raw material supplied, it is possible to stably produce a fuel of desired quality.

In the present invention, the fuel quality judging device comprises: a pre-processing means for cutting the collected fuel into a predetermined size; a fuel measuring means; a combustion chamber for burning the fuel;
It is preferable to provide a means for setting a temperature condition in the combustion chamber to a predetermined temperature, and a means for measuring a calorific value at the time of fuel combustion at the predetermined temperature, and furthermore, a means for measuring a combustion time.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific production examples.

Production Example 1 A solid fuel was produced using the fuel production equipment shown in FIG.

The supply conditions of each raw material are as follows.

[0036]

[Table 2]

The quality and the like of the solid fuel produced under the above conditions are as follows.

[0038]

(Equation 3)

The fuel burning time at this time is 180
(Sec).

When the calorific value and the combustion time of the actually manufactured solid fuel are Hc (kcal / kg) and tc (sec), the relative errors P and T are as follows.

[0041]

(Equation 4)

Now, the supply amounts of the respective raw materials were controlled in accordance with the above-mentioned conditions so that -5≤P≤5 and -10≤T≤10.

The fuel quality was determined once every 10 minutes.

As a result of such operation control, the fluctuation of the obtained fuel waste was at least 4870 kcal /
kg, the maximum being 5320 kcal / kg, and the burning time was in the range of 170 to 195 sec, which was of very stable quality.

Further, when the produced fuel was recovered by steam, the amount of recovered fuel, the pressure and the temperature were almost the same as those in the case of using coal because the fuel waste was constant. I did it.

[0046] In the above description, high-calorie feed waste material, a case has been exemplified formulated classified into three types of medium-caloric material and low calorie material, in the present invention, raw materials are necessarily discarded It is not limited to objects.

[0047]

As described above in detail, according to the fuel production method of the present invention, a variety of wastes, the fuel stable quality easily and efficiently, can be automatically manufactured.

According to fuel production method of the [0048] present invention, it is possible to obtain a stable high-quality solid fuel quality comparable to coal from waste and the resulting fuel used in power generation field like stable and efficient Energy recovery can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing one embodiment of a fuel production facility used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 high-calorie raw material supply device 2 medium-calorie raw material supply device 3 low-calorie raw material supply device 1 A, 2 A, 3 A motor 4 belt conveyor 5 fuel conversion device 6 switching chute 7 fuel quality determination device 8 belt conveyor 9 rotation speed controller

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) C10L 5/46 C10L 5/48 B09B 3/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A raw material supply device for individually supplying a plurality of types of raw materials, a mixing device for mixing the supplied raw materials, a fuel conversion device for converting the mixed raw materials into a fuel, and a quality of the manufactured fuel. and a fuel quality judging device from fuel production set Bei comprising determining the calorific value, the multi-type moisture and ash content of the known
A method for preparing a fuel by blending raw materials of a high calorie content and a medium calorie content based on the calorific value of the raw material.
And into low-calorie raw materials,
After the raw materials are supplied and mixed in predetermined amounts,
To produce fuel, and determine the quality of this fuel at regular intervals.
The calorific value and the burning time are measured by sampling into the device, and the difference between the measured calorific value and the preset calorific value is within the specified range.
If you control the supply amount of each calorie raw material so that it is within
In both cases, the difference between the measured combustion time and the preset combustion time is predetermined.
Supply of raw materials for each calorific value, ash content and moisture to be in the range
A method for producing a fuel, comprising controlling the amount.