CN108397249A - Coal-fired coupled biological matter, rubbish, sludge gasification burning cogeneration system and technique - Google Patents
Coal-fired coupled biological matter, rubbish, sludge gasification burning cogeneration system and technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN108397249A CN108397249A CN201810291135.6A CN201810291135A CN108397249A CN 108397249 A CN108397249 A CN 108397249A CN 201810291135 A CN201810291135 A CN 201810291135A CN 108397249 A CN108397249 A CN 108397249A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of coal-fired coupled biological matter, rubbish, sludge gasification burning cogeneration system and techniques, it is on the basis of existing apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler, steam turbine and generator, introduce completely new cyclone type fluidized-bed gasification furnace, cyclone separator and cyclone type low heat value gas burning machine, the direct high-temp combustion of gasification burning of acquisition, the high-temperature flue gas of acquisition reach 1200 DEG C or more and are passed directly into apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler；The present invention can be used for a variety of biomass, organic waste, sludge and it can prevent coking, have the advantages that ensure system continuous operation, calorific value using abundant, technological process is shorter, operating cost is relatively low, and it can be coupled well with active service power station and realize cogeneration of heat and power balance, the requirement for fully meeting coal-fired the coupled biological matter, rubbish, sludge power generation of country's proposition, helps to realize target for energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal-fired coupling cogeneration system and techniques, and especially one kind is with biomass, rubbish, sludge
Prepare the cogeneration system and technique that granular fuel gasification, and combustion is coupled with existing coal generating system.
Background technology
Biomass is traditional renewable resource, and Biomass Electricity Generation industry is well worth doing.On the one hand, China crops
Sown area has 1,800,000,000 mu, produces about 700,000,000 tons of biomass per year.In addition to part is for papermaking and livestock feed, remainder can all be done
Fuel uses.On the other hand, hundred million hectares of about 1 .75 of the existing area of woods in China, every year by normal shrub stubble flattening rejuvenation, gloomy
Woods tending and intermittent cutting of forest, fruit tree hedge trimming and forest harvesting, producing material, industrial wood waste etc. are collected, can get biomass resource amount
About 800,000,000 to 1,000,000,000 tons.In addition, China also has more than 4,600 ten thousand hectares suitable for afforestationly, agriculture plant can be planted in conjunction with ecological construction, these
All it is the advantage of Chinese development biomass power generation industry.
The sludge total amount that China's domestic waste and sewage treatment plant generate is big, and remains higher speedup.According to
The data of State Statistics Bureau, the national house refuse amount of clearing has reached hundred million tons of 1 .786 within 2014.Domestic waste ingredient is multiple
It is miscellaneous, it, can be tight if domestic waste effectively not being handled and being disposed containing a variety of toxic, harmful, difficult to degrade ingredients
Heavily contaminated environment.Therefore, the processing of domestic waste and recycling, it has also become one of major fields of environmental protection.
Minimizing, innoxious and recycling demand for domestic waste have the preconditioning techniques such as broken, compacting, sorting, and fill out
Bury, compost, anaerobic fermentation, the disposal technologies such as burning and pyrolysis.In China, landfill and burning are two kinds of most important house refuses
Disposal technology, and the ratio filled at this stage is also significantly higher than burning.The applicating history of consumer waste filling and embedding is long, technology at
It is ripe, but the degree being reduced is low, and land occupation area is big, and site selection of landfill is increasingly difficult.The advantages of incineration technology is volume reduction, decrement
Degree is high, innoxious thoroughly to recycle the thermal energy contained in rubbish, for producing steam and power generation, realizes recycling
It utilizes.Therefore, the application of Consideration of MSW Incineration Technology at home is increasing.Currently, the mainstream equipment of consumer waste incineration is
Two kinds of grate furnace and fluidized bed incinerator.Both equipment are adapted to the characteristics of low MSW heating value, complicated component, but stove
Interior incineration temperature wants much lower compared to burners such as generating plant pulverized coal boilers, and utilization rate of heat value is not high, the ginseng of produced steam
Number and generating efficiency are relatively low；
There are a large amount of power station coal dust and fluidized-bed combustion boiler in China.Development relies on the coal and life rubbish of power station coal dust and fluidized-bed combustion boiler
Rubbish biomass coupled electricity-generation technology, give full play to high capacity high parameter thermal power plant ignition temperature is high, pollutants removal rate is high,
The high technical advantage of generating efficiency, for promoting domestic garbage resource, biological renewable energy utilizes and environmental protection has product
Pole meaning.
From China's biomass in recent years and crude waste direct combustion power generation project, single installation scale is commonly 12MW-30MW,
Installation small scale limit that big, the ability to ward off risks is weak by the factors such as raw material and composting water content, and damage is big in electricity generation system, sends out
Electrical efficiency is very low.Even if most biomass and rubbish direct combustion power generation project obtain the electricity of 0 .75 members -0.65/KWh
Price subsidies patch is also difficult to survive or realize that meagre profit, crude waste generation investment payoff period are up to 20 years.
Gasification of biomass in China mainly to use low moisture, high heating value, high ash melting point, good fluidity biomass（Example
Such as rice husk, sawdust）For raw material, other stalk raw materials be easy to cause gasification of biomass is unstable, in gasification slagging plus
The problems such as expecting card resistance, applicable biomass type is limited.Crude waste gasification installation also has many demonstration plants in China, gasification
Efficiency is low, fuel gases calorific value is low, and it is even more impossible to realize that large industrialized is run steadily in the long term.
For traditional gasification furnace of fluidized bed to the selective very little of raw material, gasified boiler system adjusting leeway is small, does not adapt to more
Kind raw material, in addition can only realize that medium temperature gasifies, factor of created gase is relatively low, and the tar content in gasification burning is higher, subsequently mostly uses negative
Gasification burning is sent into boiler combustion by pressure mode, and the tar in gasification burning is burnt easily in wind turbine, pot slagging, generation blocking
Oil be easy to cause secondary pollution, and the processing combustion gas that need to cool down carries out decoking, and process is more, and operating cost is high.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is the above-mentioned deficiency for the prior art, a kind of coal-fired coupled biological matter, rubbish, sludge are provided
Gasification, and combustion cogeneration system and technique, it can be used for a variety of biomass, organic waste, and can prevent coking, have
Guarantee system continuous operation, calorific value using fully, technological process is less, operating cost is relatively low advantage, and can well with it is existing
It uses as a servant power station coupling and realizes cogeneration of heat and power, fully meet the coal-fired coupled biological matter of country's proposition, rubbish, sludge power generation and want
It asks, helps to realize target for energy-saving and emission-reduction.
In order to achieve the above object, coal-fired coupled biological matter of the invention, rubbish, sludge gasification burning cogeneration of heat and power dress
Set, including apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler, steam turbine and the generator being sequentially connected, it is characterised in that further include cyclone type fluidized-bed gasification furnace,
Cyclone separator and cyclone type gas burning machine；Cyclone type fluidized-bed gasification furnace includes bearing, furnace body, the row for being coupled to upper of furnace body
The outlet of tracheae and the conical discharge bucket for being coupled to bottom of furnace body, conical discharge bucket is connected with spiral lime-ash machine；In conical discharge bucket
The lower portion of furnace body of top is associated with one or more primary air piping, and every primary air piping is tangentially-arranged along furnace body and is associated with First air
Machine, lower part interval is installed with chuck in furnace body corresponding with primary air fan, and the furnace body above chuck is equipped with one section of level
Baffle；One Bunker is connected by wind closing type discharger with fuel feedstock screw conveyer, and fuel feedstock spirally conveys
The outlet of machine is connected with the furnace body above baffle, and the furnace body above baffle is associated with one with tangentially-arranged secondary of upper edge furnace body
Air hose, secondary air channel are associated with overfire air fan；Upper of furnace body above secondary air channel is associated with bed material pressure feeding spiral formula conveyer；
Cyclone type fluidized bed gas combustor includes the smoke exhaust pipe, combustion barrel and inlet cylinder being connected from top to bottom, the lower end position of smoke exhaust pipe
In in combustion barrel, several burners are installed in inlet cylinder upper end, inner cylinder are installed in combustion barrel, inner cylinder side wall is in radial position
Between combustion barrel side wall and smoke exhaust pipe, the side wall of inner cylinder and combustion barrel, bottom and top are in gap setting, in inner cylinder
The corresponding combustion barrel side wall in portion is associated with one or more combustion-supporting air hose, and every combustion-supporting air hose along the tangentially-arranged of combustion barrel and joins
There is combustion fan；Exhaust pipe is connected by cyclone separator with inlet cylinder, is connected in the discharge gate and furnace body of cyclone separator；Row
Smoke pipe is connected with the fuel inlet of apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler；
For the coal-fired coupled biological matter of above-mentioned apparatus, rubbish, sludge gasification combustion heat Electricity Federation production. art, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：A）It feeds intake：Granular fuel is put into Bunker, then is spirally conveyed by wind closing type discharger and fuel feedstock
Machine by it is continuous, close and put into furnace body in a manner of wind；B）Gasification：Primary air fan and overfire air fan start, First air obstructed by chuck, with
Lower portion of furnace body is sprayed into cyclone mode after upper and lower baffling after jacket for heat exchange, is blown afloat upwards again, forms fluidized wind in stove,
It lights a fire in furnace body, heavier fuel particle falls into conical discharge bucket and is closed, and avoids leaking out, this is quiet phase region, into
Row low temperature gasification, lime-ash are discharged by spiral lime-ash machine；The slightly light fuel particle of weight is gathered in the corresponding emulsion zone of chuck, carries out
Medium temperature gasifies；By the penetrating Secondary Air of secondary air channel cyclone type, fuel and Secondary Air mixed at high speed are uniform, to improve in stove
The temperature of portion's dilute-phase zone carries out rapidly high-temperature gasification, realizes the cracking gasification that tar is precipitated, obtains high-temperature fuel gas；While by
Bed material pressure feeding spiral formula conveyer is intermittently sent into particles of inorganic material as bed material, and bed material rests under the action of fluidized wind
Dilute-phase zone； C ）De- material：The combustion gas of generation enters cyclone separator, isolates a small amount of fuel that is not gasified totally in combustion gas
Grain, and send back in stove and continue to gasify；D）Burning：Combustion gas is passed through inlet cylinder by positive pressure, through burner ejection and the point in combustion barrel
Combustion, while air is tangentially sprayed into through combustion-supporting air hose in combustion barrel, is in after being stopped by inner cylinder, respectively after upper and lower baffling
Cyclone type is blown afloat upwards, forms fluidized wind, and air is preheated by inner cylinder in the process, turn round, mix with fuel gas high-speed in cylinder,
Burning can get high-temperature flue gas；E）Power generation：High-temperature flue gas positive pressure is passed through in apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler, and high-temperature flue gas makes coal-fired in stove
Further completely burned, the steam of generation enter back into steam turbine and push blade rotation, drive electrical power generators.
Technique use closes wind mode and feeds intake, it is ensured that the continuous normal work of cyclone type fluidized-bed gasification furnace；Low temperature gas
Change and the temperature of medium temperature gasification is below ash fusion point, it is ensured that lower portion of furnace body and conical discharge bucket lime-ash noncoking ensure production
Continuity；Be added bed material, can uniformly dilute-phase zone temperature field, ensure that being carried out continuously for high-temperature gasification, high-temperature gasification can substantially carry
High gasification efficiency and gas production, and the tar content in combustion gas is greatly decreased；Combustion gas in combustion barrel is in pressure-air centrifugal force
Under the action of with air realization uniformly mix, avoid the larger fluctuation of central combustion zone temperature, combustion efficiency is good, acquisition high temperature cigarette
Gas has the advantages that burning is abundant, combustion gas utilization rate is high；The combustion gas of acquisition, which is directly burnt, generates flue gas, is not necessarily to cooling, decoking,
Technological process is less, cost is relatively low；High-temperature flue gas positive pressure, which is passed through in apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler, to generate electricity, well with active service power station coupling
It closes and realizes cogeneration of heat and power, fully meet the coal-fired coupled biological matter of country's proposition, the requirement of garbage power, help to realize energy saving
Emission reduction targets.
One kind as apparatus of the present invention preferably, in the lateral wall of chuck and the lateral wall of inner cylinder being associated with several piece heat exchange
Piece；The heat transfer effect of First air, combustion air and chuck, inner cylinder can be improved, improve gasification and efficiency of combustion；
One kind as the present invention being preferably equipped with regulating valve on primary air piping, secondary air channel and combustion-supporting air hose；Convenient for accurate
Gasification temperature, the ignition temperature for controlling each area avoid coking and burning insufficient, meet the needs of different type granular fuel；
Preferably, the burner is ceramic burner mouth to one kind as the present invention；Ceramics have the characteristics that thermal capacitance is high, can be to spray
The gas heating entered improves combustion efficiency；
Preferably, the wind closing type discharger also passes through buffering chamber and fuel feedstock screw conveyer phase to one kind as the present invention
Even；Buffering chamber can realize the without interruption of fuel particle, meet the needs that the gasification reaction time is short, response intensity is high；
Preferably, cyclone separator is also connected by cyclone dust collectors with inlet cylinder one kind as the present invention；Cyclone dust collectors can
Deviate from the impurity in combustion gas, improves combustion gas purity；
As the present invention one kind preferably, smoke exhaust pipe is connected by triple valve with the fuel inlet of apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler, triple valve also with
The gas inlet of waste heat boiler is connected；The exhanst gas outlet of apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler and waste heat boiler is connected with thermoelectricity exhaust treatment system；
Correspondingly, the high-temperature flue gas obtained can enter waste heat boiler by triple valve, high-temperature steam is generated, into heating system；Also may be used
Afterheat steam is passed through again after main boiler heats supercharging and is used to generate electricity, is conducive to peak-load regulating.
It in conclusion the present invention can be used for a variety of biomass, organic waste, and can prevent coking, have and ensure system
Continuous operation, calorific value unite using the advantage abundant, technological process is less, operating cost is relatively low, and can generate electricity well with active service
Cogeneration of heat and power is realized in coupling of standing, and is fully met the requirement of coal-fired the coupled biological matter, rubbish, sludge power generation of country's proposition, is helped
In realization target for energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged drawing of cyclone type fluidized-bed gasification furnace in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional views of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the enlarged drawing of cyclone type fluidized bed gas combustor in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the B-B sectional views of Fig. 4.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the fire coal coupled biological matter, rubbish, sludge gasification burning cogeneration system, including rotation
Wind formula fluidized-bed gasification furnace 101, cyclone separator 102, cyclone dust collectors 103 and cyclone type fluidized bed gas combustor 104, according to
Secondary connected apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler 106, steam turbine 107 and generator 108, cyclone type fluidized-bed gasification furnace 101 include bearing 1, furnace body
2, it being coupled to the exhaust pipe 3 of upper of furnace body, is coupled to the conical discharge bucket 4 of bottom of furnace body, exhaust pipe 3 is connected with cyclone separator 102,
It is connected in the discharge gate of cyclone separator 102 and furnace body 1；The outlet of conical discharge bucket 4 is connected with spiral lime-ash machine 5, in taper
Hopper is equipped with upper level sensor 20 and lower level sensor 21；Lower portion of furnace body above conical discharge bucket 4 is associated with two
Root primary air piping 6, two primary air pipings 6 are tangential and arranged symmetrically along furnace body and are associated with primary air fan 7, with primary air fan 7
Lower part interval is installed with chuck 9 in corresponding furnace body, and chuck 9 is connected by the side wall of several connecting rods and furnace body 1, in chuck 9
Lateral wall be associated with several piece heat exchanger fin 18, the furnace body 1 above chuck 9 be equipped with one section of horizontal baffle 10；One Bunker 11 is logical
Cross concatenated wind closing type discharger 12, buffering chamber 13 is connected with fuel feedstock screw conveyer 14, fuel feedstock is spirally defeated
Send the outlet of machine 14 and the furnace body 1 of 10 top of baffle to be connected, the furnace body 1 above baffle 10 be associated with two it is tangentially-arranged along furnace body
Secondary air channel 15, secondary air channel 15 is associated with overfire air fan 16, regulating valve is equipped on primary air piping 6 and secondary air channel 15
8；Upper of furnace body above secondary air channel 16 is associated with bed material pressure feeding spiral formula conveyer 17；Cyclone type fluidized bed gas combustor
104 include smoke exhaust pipe 21, combustion barrel 22 and the inlet cylinder 23 being connected from top to bottom, and the lower end of smoke exhaust pipe 21 is located at combustion barrel 22
Interior, the hypomere of inlet cylinder 23 is cone cylinder, and several ceramic burner mouths 24 are installed in 23 upper end of inlet cylinder, fixed in combustion barrel 22
There are inner cylinder 25, inner cylinder 25 to be connected firmly by the inner wall of several connecting rods and combustion barrel 22, being fixedly connected with several piece in the lateral wall of inner cylinder 25 changes
Backing 29,25 side wall of inner cylinder are being radially disposed between 22 side wall of combustion barrel and smoke exhaust pipe 21, the side wall of inner cylinder 25 and combustion barrel 22,
Bottom and top are in gap setting, are associated with two combustion-supporting air hoses 26 in 22 side wall of combustion barrel corresponding with 25 middle part of inner cylinder, often
The combustion-supporting air hose of root 26 along the tangentially-arranged of combustion barrel 22 and is associated with combustion fan 27, and air quantity wind is equipped on combustion-supporting air hose 26
Press regulating valve 28；The exhaust outlet of cyclone separator 102 is connected by cyclone dust collectors 103 with inlet cylinder 23, and smoke exhaust pipe 21 passes through
Triple valve 105 is connected with the fuel inlet of apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler 106, the flue gas of another outlet of triple valve 105 also with waste heat boiler 109
Import is connected；The exhanst gas outlet of apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler 106 and waste heat boiler 109 is connected with thermoelectricity exhaust treatment system 110；
For the coal-fired coupled biological matter of above-mentioned apparatus, rubbish, sludge gasification combustion heat Electricity Federation production. art, include the following steps：
A）It feeds intake：Granular fuel is put into Bunker 11, then spiral by wind closing type discharger 12, buffering chamber 13, fuel feedstock
Conveyer 14 by it is continuous, close and put into furnace body 2 in a manner of wind；B）Gasification：Primary air fan 7 and overfire air fan 16 start, First air quilt
The barrier of chuck 9 sprays into lower portion of furnace body, again upwards after upper and lower baffling after exchanging heat with chuck 9 and heat exchanger fin 18 with cyclone mode
It blowing afloat, forms fluidized wind in stove, light a fire in furnace body, heavier fuel particle falls into conical discharge bucket 4 and is closed,
It avoids leaking out, this is quiet phase region, carries out low temperature gasification, and lime-ash is discharged by spiral lime-ash machine 5；The slightly light fuel particle aggregation of weight
In 9 corresponding emulsion zone of chuck, medium temperature gasification is carried out；By the penetrating Secondary Air of 15 cyclone type of secondary air channel, fuel with it is secondary
Wind mixed at high speed is uniform, to improve the temperature of stove internal upper part dilute-phase zone, carries out rapidly high-temperature gasification, realizes and splitting for tar is precipitated
Solution gasification, obtains high-temperature fuel gas；The inorganic of lightweight high heat capacity is intermittently sent by bed material pressure feeding spiral formula conveyer 17 simultaneously
Composition granule rests on dilute-phase zone as bed material, such as ceramics, aluminium oxide and quartz sand particle, bed material under the action of fluidized wind； C
）De- material：The combustion gas of generation enters cyclone separator 102, isolates a small amount of fuel particle that is not gasified totally in combustion gas, and send back to
Continue to gasify in stove；Combustion gas enters back into cyclone dust collectors 103, deviates from impurity；D）Burning：Combustion gas is in primary air fan 7 and Secondary Air
The direct draught of machine 16 is passed through inlet cylinder 23, sprays through ceramic burner mouth 24 and is lighted in combustion barrel 22, while combustion fan 27
Start, air is tangentially sprayed into through combustion-supporting air hose 26 in combustion barrel 22, after being stopped by inner cylinder 25, respectively from upper and lower baffling
Blown afloat upwards in cyclone type afterwards, form fluidized wind, air preheats by inner cylinder 25 and heat exchanger fin 29 in the process, in cylinder with combustion
Gas revolution at a high speed, mixing, burning can get high-temperature flue gas；E）Power generation：High-temperature flue gas is passed through thermoelectricity pot through 105 positive pressure of triple valve
In stove 106, high-temperature flue gas makes further completely burned coal-fired in stove, the steam of generation enter back into steam turbine 107 and push leaf
Piece rotates, and generator 108 is driven to generate electricity；High-temperature flue gas can also be passed through waste heat boiler 109 through 105 positive pressure of triple valve, generate high temperature
Steam, into heating system 110；Also afterheat steam is passed through can again after main boiler heats supercharging and is used to generate electricity, be conducive to system
Peak regulation；The discharge flue gas of apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler 106 and waste heat boiler 109 enters thermoelectricity exhaust treatment system 110, is discharged after purification.
Since the reaction time is short in equipment for gasification, response intensity is high for biomass organic waste, it is necessary to assure biomass is former
That expects is without interruption, and the present invention is used carries out pre-treatment to biomass and organic waste, prepares shaped granule；What the present invention used
Granular fuel can be that biomass grain forming fuel, domestic garbage derived fuel RDF-5, formed sludge fuel and industry are organic
Any one of garbage-molding fuel RDF-5；To improve the degree of automation, fuel particle can be sent into fuel by elevator 111
In storehouse 11；The driving motor of upper level sensor 20 and lower level sensor 21 and controller and spiral lime-ash machine 5 is connected, when
When ash height reaches level sensor 20, driving spiral lime-ash machine 5 starts ash discharge, when ash height is down to lower material position sensing
When device 21, spiral lime-ash machine 5 stops ash discharge, it can be achieved that lime-ash is automatically drained out in conical discharge bucket 4, and ensures seal；It adjusts
The temperature and oxygen concentration that valve 8 is saved convenient for emulsion zone and dilute-phase zone in control stove are applicable in accurately control the gasification temperature in each area
In different types of fuel；
Technique use closes wind mode and feeds intake, it is ensured that the continuous normal work of cyclone type fluidized-bed gasification furnace；Low temperature gasification and
Medium temperature gasification temperature be below ash fusion point, it is ensured that the lime-ash noncoking in lower portion of furnace body and conical discharge bucket 4, avoid block,
Blowing out ensures the continuity of production；Bed material is added, can uniform dilute-phase zone temperature field, middle and upper part freeboard temperature is reachable
1000-1200 DEG C, ensure being carried out continuously for high-temperature gasification, gas outlet temperature is up to 1100 DEG C or more；High-temperature gasification can be substantially
Gasification efficiency and gas production are improved, and the tar content in combustion gas is greatly decreased, greatly improves gasification efficiency and gas production, is gasified
Rate gas deliverability can improve 80-100% than traditional gasification furnace；The work of combustion gas in combustion barrel 22 in pressure-air centrifugal force
It uniformly being mixed with air realization with lower, avoids the larger fluctuation of central combustion zone temperature, combustion efficiency is good, obtains high-temperature flue gas,
Temperature has the advantages that burning is abundant, combustion gas utilization rate is high up to 1300-1500 DEG C or more；The combustion gas of acquisition is because of tar content
It is low, it can directly burn and generate flue gas, without cooling, decoking, technological process is less, operating cost is relatively low；High-temperature flue gas positive pressure passes through
Active service coal dust or fluidized-bed combustion boiler can be directly entered by crossing triple valve 105, be again introduced into reduce after fuel gas with low heat value cools down
The unfavorable operating condition condition brought when active service boiler combustion, can be completely secured the even running of original system, moreover it is possible to improve thermoelectricity
The efficiency of combustion of boiler；The alternative partial fuel coal of high-temperature flue gas being passed through；Triple valve 105 can apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler 106 and waste heat boiler
109 random smooth conversion, to realizing that existing power station transformation realizes that cogeneration of heat and power provides best solution and technology
Route is coupled, the coal-fired coupled biological matter of country's proposition, the requirement of garbage power is fully met, helps to realize energy-saving and emission-reduction mesh
Mark.
Claims (10)
- The cogeneration system 1. a kind of fire coal coupled biological matter, rubbish, sludge gasification burn, including the thermoelectricity pot that is sequentially connected Stove, steam turbine and generator, it is characterised in that further include cyclone type fluidized-bed gasification furnace, cyclone separator and the combustion of cyclone type gas Burning machine；Cyclone type fluidized-bed gasification furnace includes bearing, furnace body, the exhaust pipe for being coupled to upper of furnace body and the taper for being coupled to bottom of furnace body The outlet of hopper, conical discharge bucket is connected with spiral lime-ash machine；Lower portion of furnace body above conical discharge bucket be associated with one with On primary air piping, every primary air piping is tangentially-arranged along furnace body and is associated with primary air fan, in stove corresponding with primary air fan Internal lower part interval is installed with chuck, and the furnace body above chuck is equipped with one section of horizontal baffle；One Bunker is by closing wind Formula discharger is connected with fuel feedstock screw conveyer, the outlet of fuel feedstock screw conveyer and the furnace body above baffle It is connected, the furnace body above baffle is associated with one with the tangentially-arranged secondary air channel of upper edge furnace body, and secondary air channel is associated with secondary Wind turbine；Upper of furnace body above secondary air channel is associated with bed material pressure feeding spiral formula conveyer；Cyclone type gas burning machine include from The lower end of smoke exhaust pipe, combustion barrel and the inlet cylinder being connected under, smoke exhaust pipe is located in combustion barrel, is installed in inlet cylinder upper end Several burners are installed with inner cylinder in combustion barrel, and inner cylinder side wall is being radially disposed between combustion barrel side wall and smoke exhaust pipe, inner cylinder Be in gap setting with the side wall of combustion barrel, bottom and top, combustion barrel side wall corresponding in the middle part of inner cylinder be associated with one with On combustion-supporting air hose, every combustion-supporting air hose along the tangentially-arranged of combustion barrel and is associated with combustion fan；Exhaust pipe passes through whirlwind point It is connected with inlet cylinder from device, is connected in the discharge gate and furnace body of cyclone separator；The fuel inlet phase of smoke exhaust pipe and apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler Even.
- The cogeneration system 2. fire coal coupled biological matter according to claim 1, rubbish, sludge gasification burn, feature It is：It is associated with several piece heat exchanger fin in the lateral wall of chuck and the lateral wall of inner cylinder.
- The cogeneration system 3. fire coal coupled biological matter according to claim 1 or 2, rubbish, sludge gasification burn, it is special Sign is：It is equipped with regulating valve on primary air piping, secondary air channel and combustion-supporting air hose.
- The cogeneration system 4. fire coal coupled biological matter according to claim 1 or 2, rubbish, sludge gasification burn, it is special Sign is：The burner is ceramic burner mouth.
- The cogeneration system 5. fire coal coupled biological matter according to claim 1 or 2, rubbish, sludge gasification burn, it is special Sign is：Wind closing type discharger is also connected by buffering chamber with fuel feedstock screw conveyer.
- The cogeneration system 6. fire coal coupled biological matter according to claim 1 or 2, rubbish, sludge gasification burn, it is special Sign is：Cyclone separator is also connected by cyclone dust collectors with inlet cylinder.
- The cogeneration system 7. fire coal coupled biological matter according to claim 1 or 2, rubbish, sludge gasification burn, it is special Sign is：Smoke exhaust pipe is connected by triple valve with the fuel inlet of apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler, triple valve also with the gas inlet of waste heat boiler It is connected；The exhanst gas outlet of apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler and waste heat boiler is connected with thermoelectricity exhaust treatment system.
- 8. for the coal-fired coupled biological matter of device as described in claim 1, rubbish, sludge gasification combustion heat Electricity Federation production. art, Characterized by the following steps：A）It feeds intake：Granular fuel is put into Bunker, then passes through wind closing type discharger and fuel Pressure feeding spiral formula conveyer by it is continuous, close and put into furnace body in a manner of wind；B）Gasification：Primary air fan and overfire air fan start, once Wind by chuck obstruct, with after jacket for heat exchange after upper and lower baffling with cyclone mode penetrating lower portion of furnace body, blow afloat upwards again, Fluidized wind is formed in stove, is lighted a fire in furnace body, and heavier fuel particle falls into conical discharge bucket and closed, and avoids leaking Wind, this is quiet phase region, carries out low temperature gasification, and lime-ash is discharged by spiral lime-ash machine；The slightly light fuel particle of weight is gathered in chuck Corresponding emulsion zone carries out medium temperature gasification；By the penetrating Secondary Air of secondary air channel cyclone type, fuel and Secondary Air mixed at high speed Uniformly, to improve the temperature of stove internal upper part dilute-phase zone, rapidly high-temperature gasification is carried out, the cracking gasification that tar is precipitated is realized, obtains Obtain high-temperature fuel gas；Particles of inorganic material is intermittently sent into as bed material by bed material pressure feeding spiral formula conveyer simultaneously, bed material is flowing Change and rests on dilute-phase zone under wind action； C ）De- material：The combustion gas of generation enters cyclone separator, isolates a small amount of in combustion gas Be not gasified totally fuel particle, and sends back in stove and continue to gasify；D）Burning：Combustion gas is passed through inlet cylinder by positive pressure, is sprayed through burner Go out and lighted in combustion barrel, while air is tangentially sprayed into through combustion-supporting air hose in combustion barrel, after being stopped by inner cylinder, respectively from Blown afloat upwards in cyclone type after upper and lower baffling, form fluidized wind, air preheats by inner cylinder in the process, in cylinder with combustion Gas revolution at a high speed, mixing, burning can get high-temperature flue gas；E）Power generation：High-temperature flue gas positive pressure is passed through in apparatus of thermo-electric power boiler, high temperature cigarette Gas makes further completely burned coal-fired in stove, the steam of generation enter back into steam turbine and push blade rotation, drives generator Power generation.
- 9. fire coal coupled biological matter as claimed in claim 8, rubbish, sludge gasification combustion heat Electricity Federation production. art, feature exist In step D）The high-temperature flue gas of acquisition also into waste heat boiler, generates high-temperature steam, into heating system by triple valve.
- 10. fire coal coupled biological matter as claimed in claim 8, rubbish, sludge gasification combustion heat Electricity Federation production. art, feature It is step C）The middle abjection combustion gas after fuel particle that is not gasified totally also deviates from impurity by cyclone dust collectors.
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