CN100513869C - Biomass high temperature combustion boiler - Google Patents
Biomass high temperature combustion boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN100513869C CN100513869C CNB2007101318435A CN200710131843A CN100513869C CN 100513869 C CN100513869 C CN 100513869C CN B2007101318435 A CNB2007101318435 A CN B2007101318435A CN 200710131843 A CN200710131843 A CN 200710131843A CN 100513869 C CN100513869 C CN 100513869C
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Abstract
The invention is high-efficiency and low-pollution biomass high-temperature combustion boiler and belongs to the boiler technical field. The invention comprises a biomass granule feeding device, a fuel even distribution plate, a cross flue tube, a radiate diversion block, an air nozzle in sections, a cyclone dust collector, a liquid drainage pool, a furnace, and a heat convection chamber. The invention is characterized in that a hopper of the biomass granule feeding device is arranged above the boiler for pre-drying; radiate diversion blocks are arranged in good order in the boiler; the pre-heated high-temperature is injected upwards into a hearth from the nozzle sections in a tangential direction to realize the staged and swirl combustion; the bottom is equipped with a gas, liquid and solid phase high-temperature cyclone segregator; the central high-temperature flue gas flows through a central flue tube to the upper cross flue tube and then enters the annular clearance between the furnace and the boiler wall and the hot convection chamber from below the boiler wall. The invention combines characteristics of biomass fuel and comprehensively absorbs the advantages of high-temperature air combustion, staged combustion, cyclone combustion, cyclone dust collection, liquid drainage, flue gas recirculation and other technologies, so the invention can realize the clean and high-efficiency use of the renewable energy of biomass.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the boiler technology field, particularly a kind of biomass molding fuel boiler.
Background technology:
Biomass energy is the important energy source that the mankind depend on for existence always, occupies critical role in whole energy resource system, and it is to be only second to coal, oil and natural gas and the 4th of occuping the world energy sources total quantity consumed.Biomass fuel mainly comprises following several aspect: 1. agricultural crop straw and agriculture residual processing thing; 2. forest and forestry industrial wood waste; 3. human and animal excreta, industrial debirs and water plant; 4. city domestic sewage and rubbish.The utilization of biomass energy at present has three kinds of technology such as living beings gasification, liquefaction, direct burning, and they all exist certain problem.Gasification, liquefaction technology are that living beings are burnt through multiple conversions with after purifying again, and intermediate link has not only improved investment operating cost, has also reduced total utilization ratio of biomass energy.And gasification, liquefied fuel calorific value are low, also need improve in that stable operation, tar removing, gas purification etc. are technical; And the direct combustion technical efficiency is higher, and the secondary pollution problem that does not have tar to bring, so comparatively speaking, the advantage of direct combustion is tangible." China's energy " (2004, the 26 (9): the 39th page～the 42nd page) point out, because present direct combustion mode ignition temperature is low, dust stratification that the low melting point flying dust causes and slagging scorification, and the meeting generation has limited this extensive application mode to a series of problems such as healthy influential particle emission of human body in the combustion process.In addition, because the living beings water content is big, the heat that burning produces much is wasted in the evaporation of moisture, makes living beings lower in the calory burning utilization rate of present fixed bed and fluidized-bed combustion boiler.Combustion characteristics according to living beings, biomass high temperature combustion boiler of the present invention has comprehensively absorbed the advantage of technology such as high-temperature air burning, fractional combustion, cyclone firing, cyclone dust removal, slag tap technology and flue gas recirculation, solve the technical barrier of present biomass direct-fired existence, realize living beings high thermal efficiency, low pollution, safety, large-scale low-cost heat utilization.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is applied to the high-temp combustion technology the direct burning of living beings, and technology such as employing slag tap technology, grading combustion technology and flue gas recirculation, in the hope of improving the efficiency of combustion of living beings, make temperature field in furnace even, improve volume heat load, improve boiler thermal output, solve the dust stratification and the slagging scorification problem of flying dust, reduce the discharging of pollutant, realize the discharging of biomass efficient smooth combustion cleaning.
A kind of high-efficiency low-pollution biomass high temperature combustion boiler of the present invention, common characteristic comprises furnace wall and inner flue, it is characterized in that the boiler top is provided with the back taper hopper of biological particles feeder, face closure leaves a charging aperture on the hopper, the hopper below is connected with the combustion chamber that flue surrounds, the axis arranged of the rotating shaft of helical blade along hopper is installed, the rotating shaft top is stretched out hopper and is linked to each other with motor by shaft joint, the rotating shaft bottom is stretched into flue and is connected the fuel uniform board, the inner wall of flue is inlaid with in picturesque disorder radiation baffle, segmentation wind nozzle is installed in the below in the body of heater, the gas-liquid-solid three-phase high temperature cyclone separator is led to by a plurality of tangential through holes in the flue bottom, high temperature cyclone separator upwards is connected with the center smoke pipe, lead to the slag tap pond under shed, the center smoke pipe extends upward and is communicated with the cross smoke pipe of flue upper level direction along the flue axis, the cross smoke pipe leads to the flue between flue and the furnace wall, the flue bottom is provided with exhanst gas outlet and outwards connects steam generating chamber, the exhanst gas outlet of steam generating chamber connects air preheater, passes to chimney at last.
The hopper of the biological particles feeder among the present invention is arranged on boiler top, can with the smoke convection heat exchange, the moisture of biological particles is subjected to thermal evaporation, steam is discharged by floss hole, realizes the preliminarily dried to biological particles.The throat of hopper and the biological particles that is deposited in the hopper thereof are intercepted flue gas, cause a large amount of flue gases not discharge from the top, realize the recirculation of flue gas, a small amount of flue gas from the discharge in biological particles gap, can play the positive acting of preheating and dried biomass particle, so the non-complete sealing means of this kind has two-fold advantage.
Biological particles drives the axle that helical structure is installed by motor by shaft joint and rotates, and by being installed in the fuel uniform board of turning cylinder bottom, realizes that the charging of biological particles in burner hearth is evenly distributed.And because fuel uniform board special structure design and rotatablely moving can not deposit living beings on smoke pipe, cause the feed failure, flame-out phenomenon takes place.
Be inlaid with in picturesque disorder radiation baffle on the flue wall, be used to increase the holdup time of living beings above burner hearth, increase the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection of biological particles and high-temperature flue gas, the setting of the baffle of radiation simultaneously and center smoke pipe can increase the radiation heat transfer in the stove, can make the higher temperature of living beings preheating before burning, help realizing high-temp combustion; After biological particles obtains abundant preheating, with nozzle sections tangentially face upward penetrate spray on the high temperature air that revolves after the preheating meet, realize high temperature, classification, swirl flow combustion.
Liquid residue after the burning and ash-laden gas tangentially enter the gas-liquid-solid three-phase high temperature cyclone separator that is arranged on burner hearth bottom downwards; liquid residue and flue dust enter slag tap downwards; high-temperature flue gas after effectively purifying is from the center smoke pipe cross smoke pipe of flowing through; high-temperature flue gas by smoke pipe with convection current---the biological particles heat exchange that the heat transfer type of radiation and smoke pipe are outer; discharge on flue top; after entering the interlayer and flue heat convection of flue and furnace wall; outlet by lower furnace portion enters steam generating chamber; carry out exchange heat with water, produce steam.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of biomass high temperature combustion boiler of the present invention.
1 is motor, and 2 is shaft coupling, and 3 is charging aperture, 4 is hopper, and 5 is rotating shaft, and 6 is helical blade, 7 is flue, and 8 is the fuel uniform board, and 9 is the cross smoke pipe, 10 are the radiation baffle, and 11 are segmentation wind nozzle, and 12 is the center smoke pipe, 13 is cyclone separator, and 14 is slag-drip opening, and 15 is the slag tap pond, 16 is tangential entry, 17 is the furnace wall, and 18 are the outlet of flue gas secondary, and 19 is dividing plate, 20 is three outlets of flue gas, 21 is water inlet, and 22 is smoke pipe, and 23 is the baffling chamber, 24 is steam (vapor) outlet, and 25 is the hopper steam outlet.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of fuel uniform board 8.
Fig. 3 is cross smoke pipe 9, the installation site vertical view of radiation baffle 10.
The specific embodiment:
Further specify the specific embodiment of biomass high temperature combustion boiler of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The structure of biomass high temperature combustion boiler of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, mainly comprise the biological particles feed arrangement that motor 1, shaft coupling 2, charging aperture 3, hopper 4, rotating shaft 5, helical blade 6, fuel uniform board 8 constitute, flue 7, preheating chamber and combustion chamber that radiation baffle 10, segmentation wind nozzle 11 are formed, the flue gas lime-ash discharger that cyclone separator 13, center smoke pipe 12, cross smoke pipe 9, slag tap pond 15 are formed, dividing plate 19, smoke pipe 22, the steam generating chamber that baffling chamber 23 is formed forms.
The hopper 4 of biological particles feed arrangement is formed by the good and heat-resisting material preparation of heat conductivility, is installed in the top of flue 7, and the high-temperature flue gas of discharging with cross smoke pipe 9 carries out heat exchange, carries out predrying to biological particles; Helical blade 6 in the hopper 4 also plays the effect of stirring biological particles except that possessing the screw feeding effect, make fully preheating and drying of biological particles; The laryngeal structure of hopper 4 belows can be realized the non-complete formula sealing of high-temperature flue gas, the high-temperature flue gas and the radiant heat that permeate up from the biological particles gap, biological particles is also played desiccation, and the dry steam that produces is discharged by hopper steam outlet 25.The conical surface angle of hopper 4 becomes 30～45 ° obliquely with horizontal line, there is the throat of 25～35mm the lower end.
The structure of fuel uniform board 8 such as Fig. 2, integrally welded with rotating shaft 5.Rotatablely moving of fuel uniform board 8 is evenly distributed biological particles in burner hearth, and can not be deposited on center smoke pipe 12 and the cross smoke pipe 9.Setting on center smoke pipe 12 and the cross smoke pipe 9 makes flue gas realize recirculation in stove, has three backhauls, and all distributions axisymmetricly in stove of each backhaul, makes the uniform distribution of temperature field in the stove.
Segmentation wind nozzle 11 segmentations that obtain arranged beneath in the biological particles of abundant preheating and the flue 7 are tangentially faced upward and are penetrated the air by after the air preheater preheating that (elevation angle is 5～80 °) send into and meet, and realize high temperature, eddy flow, classification, high-temp combustion.The quantity of nozzle can be adjusted according to the inlet amount of biological particles, and strict control excess air coefficient improves and burns.The quantity of nozzle can be adjusted according to the inlet amount of biological particles, and strict control excess air coefficient improves boiler thermal output.
Discharge the high-temperature flue gas annular space that flue 7 and furnace wall 17 surround of flowing through from flue 7 tops by center smoke pipe 12 and cross smoke pipe 9, once more with burner hearth generation exchange heat, the preheating biological particles, and the combustion chambers in the flue 7 are played insulation effect, improve the biomass combustion temperature.High-temperature flue gas is advanced the smoke pipe 22 and the water generation exchange heat that enters steam generating chamber by water inlet 21 of steam generating chamber subsequently by the flue gas secondary outlet 18 of 17 belows, furnace wall, dividing plate 19 and baffling chamber 23 are flowed through after 2 backhauls flue gas in smoke pipe 22, be expelled to conventional air preheater and combustion air heat exchange from three outlets 20 of flue gas, discharge from chimney via flue and air-introduced machine at last.
The present invention is according to the biomass molding fuel characteristic, and the employing particular structure is predrying to biological particles, and charging, high-temperature flue gas are evenly distributed, and have realized the high-temp combustion of biological particles, and cyclone separator is transplanted to the stove inner bottom part realizes high-temperature dust removal.The biomass high-temperature boiler of using this structural design not only possesses the efficiency of combustion height, the advantage that temperature field in furnace is evenly distributed, and smoke content, nitrogen oxide and content of sulfur dioxide in the smoke evacuation are low, meet the pollutant emission standard requirement of national boiler, solved present biomass direct-fired technical barrier.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of biomass high temperature combustion boiler, boiler body comprises flue (7), furnace wall (17), smoke pipe (22), it is characterized in that: the biological particles feed arrangement that motor (1), shaft coupling (2), charging aperture (3), hopper (4), rotating shaft (5), helical blade (6), fuel uniform board (8), hopper steam outlet (25) constitute is installed in the body of heater top; The preheating chamber that flue (7) and furnace wall (17) are formed carries out preheating in hopper (4) outside to living beings; The steam that the moisture of biological particles is generated by thermal evaporation is discharged by hopper steam outlet (25); Flue (7), radiation baffle (10), segmentation wind nozzle (11) are formed the combustion chamber, link to each other with the biological particles feed arrangement; The flue gas lime-ash discharger that cyclone separator (13), center smoke pipe (12), cross smoke pipe (9), slag tap pond (15) are formed, below link to each other with the combustion chamber; The steam generating chamber that dividing plate (19), smoke pipe (22), baffling chamber (23) are formed, and keep apart by furnace wall (17) between the combustion chamber; Flue (7) is arranged in the body of heater, be inlaid with radiation baffle (10) and segmentation wind nozzle (11) on the inwall, the below connects the urceolus of cyclone separator (13); Center smoke pipe (12) is at flue (7) center, and the bottom connects the top outlet of cyclone separator (13), and the top connects cross smoke pipe (9), forms discharge flue.
2, biomass high temperature combustion boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that hopper (4) is fixed on the top of flue (7), and the conical surface angle of hopper (4) becomes 30～45 ° obliquely with horizontal line, and there is the throat of 25～35mm the lower end.
3, biomass high temperature combustion boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that segmentation wind nozzle (11) is faced upward to penetrate tangential segmentation and be arranged in below in the flue (7) that the elevation angle is 5～80 °.
4, biomass high temperature combustion boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that discharge flue is made up of center smoke pipe (12) and cross smoke pipe (9), and high-temperature flue gas is expelled between flue (7) and furnace wall (17) from cross smoke pipe (9).
5, biomass high temperature combustion boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that radiation baffle (10) is embedded on the flue (7), and in the vertical direction intersects with respect to cross smoke pipe (9) to be placed.
6, biomass high temperature combustion boiler as claimed in claim 1 is characterised in that cyclone separator (13) is installed in the below of flue (7), and the upper surface of cyclone separator (13) becomes tiltedly 150～160 ° down with vertical direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101318435A CN100513869C (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2007-09-06 | Biomass high temperature combustion boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101318435A CN100513869C (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2007-09-06 | Biomass high temperature combustion boiler |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101122384A CN101122384A (en) | 2008-02-13 |
| CN100513869C true CN100513869C (en) | 2009-07-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2007101318435A Expired - Fee Related CN100513869C (en) | 2007-09-06 | 2007-09-06 | Biomass high temperature combustion boiler |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101672466B (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-02-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Radiant type waste heat boiler with radial separating ring |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101555419B (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2012-08-22 | 安徽喜阳阳新能源科技有限公司 | High-temperature gasification device for biomass |
| CN101576245B (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2011-06-08 | 邢献军 | Chain-grate boiler for high-temperature combustion of biomass |
| CN107631473B (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2021-01-08 | 国家电网有限公司 | Biomass particle fuel environment-friendly energy-saving boiler |
| CN106493070A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-03-15 | 郑州艾莫弗信息技术有限公司 | A kind of drying, dedusting feed arrangement of biomass crusher |
| CN106669282A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-05-17 | 江门市农业科技创新中心 | Agricultural automatic cleaning filter |
| CN107906495A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2018-04-13 | 国网浙江省电力公司湖州供电公司 | A kind of heating equipment of energy-saving electric boiler |
| CN108759081A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-11-06 | 刘志勇 | Efficient biomass boiler |
| CN109084307B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-12-27 | 黟县国有资产运营有限公司 | Environment-friendly straw combustor with prevent blockking up function |
| CN111928234A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-13 | 孙洋 | Biomass particle combustion furnace capable of using wet raw materials |
| CN112378077B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-05-20 | 山西农谷丹峰新能源有限公司 | Efficient biomass energy power generation boiler device |
| CN112902209B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2024-03-26 | 徐州工业锅炉有限公司 | Biomass bulk cargo direct-combustion device |
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| CN2684025Y (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-03-09 | 刘勇 | Biomass particle combustor |
| JP2005291531A (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Combustion method and equipment of biomass fuel |
| CN1888543A (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2007-01-03 | 浙江大学 | Domestic efficient biomass gasification stove |
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2007
- 2007-09-06 CN CNB2007101318435A patent/CN100513869C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2684025Y (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-03-09 | 刘勇 | Biomass particle combustor |
| JP2005291531A (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-20 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Combustion method and equipment of biomass fuel |
| CN2869590Y (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-02-14 | 崔桂娟 | Combustion boiler using compressed straw granule fuel |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101672466B (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-02-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Radiant type waste heat boiler with radial separating ring |
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| CN101122384A (en) | 2008-02-13 |
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Granted publication date: 20090715 Termination date: 20100906 |