JP2953827B2 - Ice storage device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ice heat storage device incorporated in a relatively large-capacity air conditioner applied to, for example, a building air conditioning system or a district heat supply system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a relatively large-capacity air conditioning system such as a building air conditioning system or a district heat supply system,
An air conditioner incorporating an ice heat storage device that uses the latent heat of melting ice is applied to reduce the generation of ice in the ice storage device by using inexpensive midnight power to reduce the demand for cooling power that is concentrated in the daytime. , To reduce the load on the heat source equipment. There are two methods for producing ice in an ice heat storage device: an indirect heat exchange method and a direct heat exchange method. In the indirect heat exchange type ice heat storage device, a heat transfer tube for ice making is provided in an ice heat storage tank, and a heat transfer tube for ice making is provided. Ice is generated by circulating low-temperature refrigerant inside or outside, and in a direct heat exchange type ice heat storage device, ice is generated by circulating low-temperature refrigerant directly into the ice heat storage tank. I have.

[0003]

In the ice heat storage device of the indirect heat exchange system, ice is generated inside or outside the heat transfer tube by using an antifreeze such as ethylene glycol or freon as a refrigerant. As the thickness of the ice generated on the heat transfer tube wall increases, the heat transfer from the refrigerant to the ice decreases, the ice generation rate decreases, and the efficiency of the refrigerator for cooling the refrigerant decreases. Will decrease. In addition, when the heat transfer tube for ice making is arranged in the ice heat storage tank, ice is generated outside the heat transfer tube, so in order to improve the efficiency of the ice heat storage tank, the number of heat transfer tubes is increased. An increase in the number of heat transfer tubes results in a decrease in the ice filling rate by the increased amount. In addition, if the number of heat transfer tubes is reduced to increase the thickness of icing on the heat transfer tubes, the rate of ice formation is reduced, and at the time of thawing, the icing of the heat transfer tubes tends to melt easily, causing ice to form. When the ice becomes uneven on the heat transfer tube, the ice is deposited on the ice of uneven thickness, so the thicker part becomes even thicker. The generated ice may come into contact with the ice, bending the heat transfer tube or damaging the heat transfer tube.

In a direct heat exchange type ice storage device, ice is generated by a low-temperature refrigerant circulating directly in an ice storage tank.
Although the efficiency of the refrigerator that cools the refrigerant improves, the refrigerant gas mixes with the water in the ice heat storage tank, causing the water and the refrigerant gas to react, generating corrosive gas and the physical properties of the refrigerant itself. Changes, and in some cases, may cause an accident that damages the ice heat storage tank. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has as its object to provide an ice heat storage device that improves the efficiency of a refrigerator, does not generate corrosive gas, and prevents a change in the physical properties of a cooling medium itself. And

[0005]

The ice heat storage device of the present invention comprises:
A heat storage tank that divides the internal space into an ice-making tank and an ice storage tank that communicate the internal space with each other by a partition part that is lower than the contained water surface, and that divides the ice-making tank into two refrigerant chambers and from one refrigerant chamber to the other refrigerant chamber in the partition part A partition member that allows a cooling refrigerant having a characteristic weight of 1.5 times or more of water and a freezing point of −20 ° C. or less and insoluble in water to flow down in a thin film state, and two refrigerant chambers provided in an ice making tank are piped. And a cooling device for cooling the cooling medium to 0 ° C. or lower.

[0006] Another ice heat storage device of the present invention is a heat storage tank that separates the ice storage tank into an ice storage tank and an ice storage tank that communicate the internal space with each other by a partition portion having a height lower than the level of the water to be stored, and a different height of the water in the ice storage tank. The two refrigerant tanks arranged at the position are connected to the two refrigerant tanks, and the specific weight of the refrigerant is 1.5 times or more, the freezing point is -20 ° C or less, and the cooling refrigerant having the property of being insoluble in water is formed into a thin film. It has a wavy flow path to flow down, and a cooling device for connecting two refrigerant tanks with pipes to form a refrigerant circulation path and for cooling a cooling medium to 0 ° C. or lower.

[0007] Another ice heat storage device of the present invention comprises a heat storage tank that partitions an internal space into an ice storage tank and an ice storage tank that communicate with each other by a partition portion having a height lower than the level of water to be stored, and a water storage tank having a specific weight of 1.5%. The cooling medium contained in a cooling medium tank formed at the lower part of the ice making tank having a characteristic of being insoluble in water at a freezing point of -20 ° C. or less and a different height between the water and the cooling medium in the ice making tank Two refrigerant injection nozzles arranged in a position,
A cooling device that connects the two refrigerant injection nozzles with pipes to cool the cooling medium in the refrigerant tank, and injects the cooled cooling medium from the refrigerant injection nozzle into the water in the ice making tank.

[0008]

In the ice heat storage device of the present invention, the cooling medium contained in one of the refrigerant chambers partitioned by the partition member of the ice making tank is cooled by a refrigerator provided in a pipe connecting the two refrigerant chambers, The cooled cooling medium is sent to the other cooling chamber, and since the cooling medium has a higher specific gravity than water, the cooling medium is stored in the cooling chamber while extruding the water contained in the cooling chamber, and is stored in the cooling chamber. When the amount of the stored cooling medium increases and the liquid level of the cooling medium becomes higher than the upper end face of the partition member, the cooling medium is guided to one of the cooling chambers over the partition member, and a step-like portion provided on the partition member is provided. Flows downward while forming a thin film state by the cooling medium in this thin film state,
The water in the ice storage tank, which has been forced to flow by the pump provided in the water pipe, is jetted, and water in contact with the flowing cooling refrigerant exchanges heat with the cooling medium to precipitate ice crystals, and the water in contact with the cooling refrigerant is sherbet. Since the formed ice particles have a lower specific gravity than water, they rise above the ice making tank, are stored in the ice storage tank through a communication path connecting the ice making tank and the ice storage tank, and are stored therein.

[0009] In another ice heat storage device of the present invention, the cooling medium accommodated in the refrigerant tank is cooled to a temperature of 0 ° C or less by a refrigerator provided in the refrigerant pipe, and is forced into the refrigerant tank by a refrigeration pump. Sent. When the amount of the cooling medium sent to the refrigerant tank increases and overflows from the refrigerant tank, the overflowing cooling medium flows down in a thin film state in a wavy flow path connecting the refrigerant tank and the refrigerant tank, and water in the ice making tank flows in a wavy flow. By directly contacting the cooling medium flowing down in a thin film state on the path, heat exchange is performed between the cooling medium and the cooling medium, ice crystals are precipitated, and sherbet-like ice particles are generated. Since the generated ice particles have a lower specific gravity than water, they rise above the ice making tank, are sent from the ice making tank to the ice storage tank, and are stored therein.

[0010] In another ice heat storage device of the present invention, the cooling medium cooled by the cooling device is injected into the water as a forced flow by a refrigerant injection nozzle disposed above the liquid surface of the cooling medium. The water in the portion above the liquid level of the cooling medium is cooled to 0 ° C., and the cooling medium is injected toward the water cooled to 0 ° C. by a refrigerant injection nozzle disposed in the liquid of the cooling medium. By bringing the cooling medium into contact with water cooled to 0 ° C., ice crystals are precipitated to form sherbet-like ice particles. Since the generated ice particles have a lower specific gravity than water, they rise above the ice making tank, are sent from the ice making tank to the ice storage tank, and are stored therein.

[0011]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an ice heat storage tank of the ice heat storage device, and an inner space of the ice heat storage tank 1 forms an ice making tank 3 and an ice storage tank 4 by a partition 2. Therefore, when a predetermined amount of water is stored in the ice heat storage tank 1, the communication path 5 connecting the ice making layer 3 and the ice storage tank 4 between the upper surface of the partition 2 and the water surface 16.
Is formed. The communication path 5 sends ice generated in the ice making tank 3 from the ice making tank 3 to the ice storage tank 4 together with water. Considering the form of ice crystals, the depth of the communication passage 5 is preferably 200 mm to 300 mm from the water surface.

A partition 7 having a stepped portion 6 is arranged in the ice making tank 3, and the lower part of the ice making tank 3 is divided into two chambers, an outer chamber 8 and an inner chamber 9. The stepped portion 6 provided in the partition 7 forms a side wall of the inner chamber 9. A pipe connection opening 8a is provided at a higher position of the outer chamber 8 and the inner chamber 9 is also provided.
The pipe connection openings 9a are formed at lower positions of the refrigerant pipes 1a.
0 are connected to form a circulation path. In this refrigerant pipe 10, a refrigerator 11 and a refrigerant pump 12 are arranged. The outer chamber 8 and the inner chamber 9 accommodate a cooling medium (refrigerant liquid) 13 such as a florinate liquid. This florinate solution is a colorless, transparent, odorless, and inert liquid. This Fluorinert solution is a combination of carbon atom C and fluorine atom F. The boiling point and freezing point differ depending on the number of the bonds, but most of them have a freezing point of −20 ° C. or less and a specific weight of 0 ° C. In the vicinity, water is 1.7 times or more (about twice as much as ice) and its solubility in water is 1
Since it is quite low at 7.2 ° C. at 0 ° C., even when mixed with water, it is completely separated and a florinate liquid having a high specific gravity precipitates,
Light water of specific gravity will float. Therefore, the ice making tank 3
The outer chamber 8 and the inner chamber 9 formed in the lower part of the chamber store the florinate liquid in a precipitated state, and maintain the state in which water is stored thereon. The connection positions 8a and 9a of the refrigerant pipes 10 provided in the outer chamber 8 and the inner chamber 9 of the ice making tank 3 are set below the liquid surface of the florinert liquid 13, and when the cooling medium is circulated through the circulation path. In addition, the water in the ice making tank 3 does not enter the refrigerant pipe 10.

On the other hand, the inner chamber 9 of the ice making tank 3 and the ice storage tank 4
Are connected by a water pipe 14. This water pipe 14
Is provided with a pump 15. The pipe connection opening 9b of the inner chamber 9 of the water pipe 14 is a stepped portion 6 of the partition 7.
The water flow forced by the pump 15 is jetted to the stepped portion 6 of the partition 7. That is,
Ice crystals are precipitated by injecting a water flow toward a thin-film florinert liquid (cooling refrigerant) flowing down the stepped portion 6 of the partition portion 7, thereby exchanging water with the florinert liquid that is in contact with the flowing florinert liquid. Then, sherbet-like ice particles 17 are generated. This sherbet-like ice grain 1
7 is lighter than water, and thus has the property of floating above the ice making tank 3.

Next, the operation will be described. The florinate liquid (refrigerant liquid) 13 accommodated in the inner chamber 9 partitioned by the partition part 7 of the ice making tank 3 was provided in a refrigerant pipe 10 connecting the outer chamber 8 and the inner chamber 9 as shown in FIG. Refrigerant pump 1
After being sucked into the refrigerant pipe 10 by the cooling water 2 and cooled by the refrigerator 11 provided in the refrigerant pipe 10, it is sent to the outer chamber 8 as shown by the arrow. Coolant liquid 1 sent to outer chamber 8
Since 3 has a specific gravity heavier than water, the water 3 is stored in the outer chamber 8 while extruding the water stored in the outer chamber 8. The liquid level of the cooling refrigerant liquid 13 stored in the outer chamber 8 rises as the amount thereof increases, and when the liquid level reaches above the upper end face of the partition 7, the coolant 13 passes through the partition 7 and enters the inner chamber 9. Be guided. Since the stepped portion 6 is formed on the upper part of the partition 7 also serving as the side wall of the inner chamber 9, the cooling refrigerant liquid 13 guided to the inner chamber 9 becomes a thin film along the stepped portion 6. It flows downward and is accommodated in the inner chamber 9.

On the other hand, the water stored in the ice storage tank 4 is forced to flow by a pump 15 provided in a water pipe 14, and
Is injected toward the cooling refrigerant liquid flowing down the stepped portion 6 of the partition 7 from the pipe connection opening 9b. The water in contact with the flowing cooling refrigerant liquid exchanges heat with the cooling refrigerant liquid to precipitate ice crystals and generate sherbet-like ice particles 17. Since the generated ice particles 17 have a lower specific gravity than water, they rise above the ice making tank 3 and pass through the communication path 5 connecting the ice making tank 3 and the ice storage tank 4 to the ice storage tank 4 as shown in FIG. Can be stored.
In other words, by spraying water on the steps where the cooling refrigerant liquid has flowed down, heat exchange between water and the cooling refrigerant liquid is performed, so that the heat exchange efficiency between water and the cooling refrigerant liquid can be increased. Precipitation of the sherbet-like ice particles 17 by means makes it possible to increase the ice filling rate of the ice heat storage tank. In addition, since the refrigerant pipe 10 connects the refrigerant liquid storage portions of the outer chamber 8 and the inner chamber 9 to each other, the refrigerant pipe 10 does not mix with water from the ice making tank 3 and freeze the refrigerant pipe 10. Moreover, since the refrigerant liquid is directly introduced into the refrigerator,
The efficiency as an ice heat storage device is also improved.

FIG. 3 shows a modification of the present invention. In this modification, the bottom of the outer chamber 8 and the lower side of the inner chamber 9 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 20, and the refrigerant pump 20 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 20.
2 and a heat exchanger 21 separately provided in the outer chamber 8, and the refrigerator 11 is connected to the heat exchanger 21 to cool the refrigerant liquid accommodated in the outer chamber 8. ing.

In another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4, an ice-making tank 31 and an ice-storage tank 32 communicate with each other by a partition 30 having a height lower than the water surface 16 in the internal space of the heat storage tank 1.
The refrigerant tank 33 is provided so as to be connected to a lower position of the side wall 30a of the ice making tank 31 which is closer to the underwater partitioning section 30 and the refrigerant is connected so as to be connected to a higher position of the underwater side wall 1a of the ice making tank 31. A tank 34 is provided, and the refrigerant tank 34 and the refrigerant tank 33 are connected by a wavy channel 35 for causing the cooling refrigerant to flow down in a thin film state. The refrigerant tank 34 and the refrigerant tank 33 have a specific gravity of 1.5 times or more of water and a freezing point of −20.
Cooling refrigerants 36 having a property of being insoluble in water at a temperature of not more than ° C. are respectively stored. The side wall 30a has a curved surface structure that is curved in a direction in which the upper side expands, and has a structure in which the generated ice particles 17 easily float. Also, two refrigerant tanks 3
3 and the bottom of the refrigerant tank 34 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 37 to form a refrigerant circulation path. In this refrigerant pipe 37, a refrigerator 38 and a refrigerant pump 39 are arranged. The ice feed blade 40, which is rotatably arranged directly above the partitioning section 30,
It acts to send the ice particles 17 generated and floated in the ice making tank 31 to the ice storage tank 32. Refrigerator 38 and refrigerant pump 3
The cooling medium 9 cools the cooling medium to 0 ° C. or lower and sends the cooling medium cooled to 0 ° C. or lower to the refrigerant tank 34. Note that the wavy flow path 35 can be changed to, for example, a stepped flow path as long as the cooling refrigerant flows down in a thin film state.

Thus, the cooling refrigerant liquid 36 stored in the refrigerant tank 33 is cooled by a refrigerator 38 provided in the refrigerant pipe 37.
It is cooled to a temperature of not more than ° C. and forced into a refrigerant tank 34 by a refrigerant pump 39. When the cooling refrigerant liquid 36 sent into the refrigerant tank 34 overflows into the refrigerant tank 34, the cooling refrigerant liquid 36 flows down in a thin film state through the wavy flow path 35 connecting the refrigerant tank 34 and the refrigerant tank 33 to reach the refrigerant tank 33. . Ice maker 3
The water 1 is in direct contact with the cooling refrigerant liquid 36 flowing down in a thin film state in the wavy flow path 35, and exchanges heat with the cooling refrigerant liquid, precipitates ice crystals and generates sherbet-like ice particles 17. Since the generated ice particles 17 have a lower specific gravity than water, the ice making room 3
1 and is forced by an ice feed blade 40 provided between the ice making tank 31 and the ice storage tank 32 and stored in the ice storage tank 32. In another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5, the inside of the heat storage tank 1 is partitioned by a partition plate 50 having a height lower than the water surface 16 into an ice making tank 51 and an ice storage tank 52 which communicate with each other. The bottom 53 of the ice making tank 51 forms a refrigerant tank 55 for containing a cooling refrigerant liquid 54. A side wall 56 extending upward from the bottom 53 of the ice making tank 51 extends beyond the partition plate 50 to the ice storage tank 52. The extending portion 57 extending to the ice storage tank 52 has an inclined surface 58 extending obliquely downward from 10 degrees to 15 degrees. The surface of the extending portion 57 is covered with a Teflon layer, and ice particles 17 generated in the ice making tank 51 are formed.
Is prevented, and the generated ice particles 17 are smoothly sent from the ice making tank 51 to the ice storage tank 52.

On the other hand, the side wall 1a of the heat storage tank 1
The portion above the liquid level 54a of the
However, the coolant injection nozzle 60
Are arranged respectively. The two refrigerant injection nozzles 59 and 60 arranged at different heights of the ice making tank are connected to the ice making tank 5.
It is connected to the bottom of one refrigerant tank 55 via a refrigerant pipe 61. A refrigerator 62 and a refrigerant pump 63 are arranged in the refrigerant pipe 61, and constitute a cooling device that cools a cooling medium and injects the same from two refrigerant injection nozzles into the water in an ice making tank. Each of the refrigerant injection nozzles 59 and 60 is formed of a material having a high heat insulating effect, and enables the refrigerant to be efficiently injected into water. The coolant injection nozzle 60 is used to cool the coolant 5
45 degrees to 5 about 10 mm below the liquid level 54a of 4
The cooling refrigerant liquid 54 is ejected at an angle of 5 degrees and about 80 to 100 mm above the liquid surface 54a.

The coolant liquid 54 stored in the coolant tank 55 provided at the bottom 53 of the ice making tank 51 is
1 is cooled to about −10 ° C. to −20 ° C. by a refrigerator 62 provided as a forced flow by a refrigerant pump 63, and a refrigerant injection nozzle 59 arranged at a position above the liquid surface 54 a.
As a result, the coolant liquid 54 is injected into the water to cool the water above the liquid surface 54a to 0 ° C. At the same time,
The coolant injection nozzle 60 disposed in the coolant coolant 54 directs the coolant coolant 54 toward the water cooled to 0 ° C.
Is sprayed, and this cooling refrigerant liquid 54 is brought into contact with water cooled to 0 ° C., thereby depositing ice crystals and generating sherbet-like ice particles 17. Since the generated ice particles 17 have a lower specific gravity than water, they rise above the ice making tank 51, and are sent into the ice storage tank 52 over the partition plate 50 along the side wall 56 which extends upward and curves above the ice making tank 51. Is stored here.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention, the cooling medium circulating by the partition member for partitioning the ice making tank into two refrigerant chambers flows down in a thin film state, and the cooling medium flowing down in the thin film state contains water. The ice is produced in direct contact with the ice, and the generated ice is stored in an ice storage tank to store heat.Therefore, the water in the ice making tank does not enter the cooling medium piping to freeze the piping, and the efficiency of the cooling device is improved. improves. In addition, two refrigerant tanks are arranged at different height positions in the water of the ice making tank, these two refrigerant tanks are connected by a wavy flow path, the cooling medium flows down in a thin film state, and the cooling medium flows down in the thin film state. Ice is generated by directly contacting water, and heat is stored by storing the generated ice in an ice storage tank.Therefore, the water in the ice making tank does not enter the cooling medium pipes and freeze the pipes. Also improve. In addition, a coolant injection nozzle is disposed at a different height between the water in the ice making tank and the cooling medium, and ice is generated by two cooling means, thereby shortening the ice generation time and reducing a large amount of ice. Sometimes it can be generated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view of an ice heat storage device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a main part of an ice heat storage device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a modification of the ice heat storage device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the ice heat storage device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view showing another embodiment of the ice heat storage device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat storage tank 2 Partition part 3 Ice making tank 4 Ice storage tank 6 Partition part 7 Partition member 8, 9 Refrigerant chamber 10 Piping 11 Cooling device 16 Water surface

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F24F 5/00 F25C 1/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A heat storage tank which partitions an internal space into an ice making tank and an ice storage tank which communicate with each other by a partition part lower than a water surface to be accommodated, an ice making tank which is divided into two refrigerant chambers, and one of the refrigerant chambers at the partition part. A partition member for flowing a cooling refrigerant having a specific weight of 1.5 times or more of water and a freezing point of −20 ° C. or less and insoluble in water toward the other refrigerant chamber in a thin film state; An ice heat storage device having a cooling device for connecting two refrigerant chambers with piping to form a refrigerant circulation path and for cooling a cooling medium to 0 ° C. or less. 2. A heat storage tank which partitions an internal space into an ice-making tank and an ice storage tank through a partition part having a height lower than the contained water surface, and two refrigerants arranged at different heights in the water of the ice-making tank. A tank, a wavy flow path connecting these two refrigerant tanks and allowing the cooling refrigerant to flow down in a thin film state,
An ice having a cooling device for cooling a cooling medium to 0 ° C. or lower by connecting two refrigerant tanks having a characteristic of being insoluble in water at a freezing point of −20 ° C. or lower and forming a refrigerant circulation path at 0 ° C. or lower. Heat storage device. 3. A heat storage tank which partitions an internal space into an ice-making tank and an ice storage tank through a partition portion having a height lower than the contained water surface, a specific weight of 1.5 times or more of water and a freezing point of -20.
A cooling medium contained in a refrigerant tank formed at the lower part of the ice making tank having a property of being insoluble in water at a temperature of not more than ℃, and two refrigerants arranged at different height positions in the ice making tank between the water and the cooling medium An ice heat storage device comprising: an injection nozzle; and a cooling device that connects a refrigerant tank and two refrigerant injection nozzles with pipes, cools a cooling medium in the refrigerant tank, and injects the cooled cooling medium into the water in the ice making tank from the refrigerant injection nozzle.