JP2938211B2 - Breathable waterproofing method for flat roof - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to waterproofing a building roof. In particular, it relates to a waterproofing method for repairing a leaky roof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the case of flat roofs of reinforced concrete condominiums and apartment buildings of public corporations, in the case of non-walking flat roofs, a leveling mortar is cast on slab concrete, and various types of asphalt with sand, waterproof sheets, coating films, etc. Waterproofing work is performed, and in the case of a walking flat roof, holding concrete is further placed on these waterproof layers for the purpose of protection against wear, abrasion, cuts and the like due to walking.

In the case where the waterproof layer of the conventional flat roof is broken and water leakage occurs, a repair waterproofing method is applied. In particular, in recent years, the coating film waterproofing work has been remarkably increased with the progress of the construction method. This is because the workability of a complicated shape surface is easy, and furthermore, the workability is extremely excellent such that a seamless waterproof layer can be obtained.

[0004] In the case of a non-walking flat roof, since the waterproof layer is exposed, repair by coating film waterproofing is easy. However, in the case of a walking flat roof, since the second waterproof layer is provided on the existing retaining concrete layer, if rainwater has infiltrated and accumulated between the existing retaining concrete layer and the first waterproof layer, the accumulated water is The water vapor may cause problems such as blistering due to peeling of the adhesive surface after the repair waterproofing operation, and flowing into a room through a portion where the existing waterproof layer is damaged due to dew condensation.

In order to solve these drawbacks, a buffer layer is provided between the waterproof underlayer and the coating layer to prevent the waterproof layer from being affected by movement of the underlayer and moisture from the underlayer. And the buffer layer is bonded with an adhesive, or a hole is formed in the buffer layer, and the waterproof coating layer is spotted on the underlayer. It is widely used because it is resistant to blisters and peeling. However, in actual on-site construction by these methods, since the cushioning material is a fixed-size material, many cushioning materials are bonded.

If the cushioning materials are separated from each other, it is necessary to provide a deaerator for each of the cushioning materials to release moisture from the base through the cushioning material to the outside of the waterproof layer system. In addition to the fact that it is too costly to install many expensive deaerators, in addition to the fact that a large number of deformed objects are attached to the waterproof layer, problems such as damage and deterioration of the waterproof function are likely to occur. In addition, when the cushioning materials are overlapped, a step is generated by the thickness of the cushioning material, and when a waterproofing material is applied on it, the step is eliminated by the normal thickness of the waterproof coating layer of about 2 to 3 mm. Therefore, the thickness of the coating film waterproof layer is thickened far from the original purpose of forming a seamless and smooth waterproof layer as well as aesthetic appearance.

[0007] At the bonding portion of the cushioning material, the cushioning materials are butted together so that a wall that blocks the movement of moisture due to the flow of the coating film waterproofing material is formed, and the butted portion is sealed with an adhesive tape or the like. In hot weather, the adhesive portion is softened, and the end of the cushioning material is liable to generate a phenomenon that promotes deterioration of the waterproof layer such as “floating” or “bulging” due to water vapor in the ventilation. This is because the part that is sealed with adhesive tape, etc., loses its adhesive strength when the temperature rises, and the waterproof layer peels off from the underlayer. Polyester film, nylon film, polyvinyl chloride film instead of adhesive tape However, even if such a method is used, the floating of the joint cannot be solved.

[0008]

In the case of actual construction, the joining section of the cushioning material is integrated, so that moisture from under the holding concrete layer can freely flow between the cushioning materials, and the ventilation function is provided. It is necessary to discharge water that has entered between the existing waterproofing layer and the existing presser layer so that the moisture can be sufficiently exerted.

[0009]

The inventors of the present invention have conducted various studies to solve these problems, and as a result, the moisture contained in the underlying concrete layer has been removed through the air-permeable buffer layer. It has been found that the above-mentioned problem is solved by providing a ventilation groove for accumulating moisture through the buffer layer on the base and releasing the gas from the deaerator through the buffer layer, instead of directly discharging from the buffer layer. The present invention has been reached.

That is, the present invention relates to repair of a flat roof having a pressing concrete layer formed on a waterproofing layer. 1) Cut a groove as a ventilation groove in the pressing concrete layer; 2) Make an open portion of the groove into a film or sheet. 3) Lay the cushioning material on the holding concrete layer so as to provide a gap between each cushioning material. 4) Apply a waterproofing material thereon to form a waterproofing layer. 5) Waterproofing layer The air-permeable waterproof construction method for a flat roof, wherein at least one deaeration device communicating with the groove is provided above.

The buffer material used in the present invention is preferably a material having a layer on the upper surface for preventing the penetration of a resin solution. For example, a nonwoven fabric made of heat-sealed nylon, vinylon, polyester, or the like, or a single-sided nonwoven fabric And the above-mentioned non-woven fabric obtained by laminating a film, a sheet or a plastic foam with heat or an adhesive.

The concave ventilation groove of the holding concrete layer of the present invention is provided without penetrating the concrete layer,
It is necessary to accumulate moisture that diffuses from under the existing holding concrete layer of the building as water vapor between the concrete layer and the buffer layer.Use the existing expansion joint of the holding concrete layer or add a new concrete cutter. A cut is made in the holding concrete layer to make it. The width of the groove is not limited, but if it is too wide, the waterproof layer on the groove will be slackened, so that the width is generally about 5 mm to 50 mm.

When the cushioning material is laid on the holding concrete layer so as to provide a gap between the cushioning materials, polyethylene, polyethylene or the like may be used as a film or sheet covering a portion where the groove in the gap between the cushioning materials is exposed. Examples include films and sheets of polypropylene, polyester, nylon, polyvinyl chloride and the like. If the overlapping portion between the film or sheet and the cushioning material is large, a small hole is made in the film or sheet so that gas components such as air and water vapor from the holding concrete layer gather in the groove. It is necessary to provide a gas passage which moves through the gas permeable lower surface of the cushioning material.

The coating film waterproofing material used in the present invention is a commercially available JISA6021 "coating film waterproofing material for roof".
The urethane rubber-based, acrylic rubber-based, chloroprene rubber-based and rubber asphalt-based waterproofing materials described in can be used. It is preferable to use a soft unsaturated polyester resin waterproofing material which retains a strong adhesive force to the pressing concrete layer, has excellent tensile strength and tear strength, and has flexibility. The soft unsaturated polyester resin waterproofing material is mainly composed of a diol component and a dicarboxylic acid component, has 1 to 25 mol% of an unsaturated acid at the terminal with respect to the total amount of the dicarboxylic acid, and is contained in the chain of the unsaturated polyester resin. Is based on an unsaturated polyester resin comprising an unsaturated polyester and a reactive monomer which does not contain an unsaturated bond, or which contains an unsaturated carboxylic acid in a proportion of 8.0 mol% or less with respect to all dicarboxylic acids. Is what you do. When the terminal unsaturated acid of the unsaturated polyester compound is less than 1 mol%, the tensile strength and the tear strength decrease, and the gelation time and the curing time become extremely slow. When the terminal unsaturated acid exceeds 25% or the unsaturated acid in the chain exceeds 8 mol%, the elongation of the cured product is remarkably reduced, the rubber elasticity is impaired, and cracks and movements of the substrate can be followed. Disappears.

The reactive monomers used in the present invention include, for example, styrene, α-methylstyrene, p-chlorostyrene, vinyl acetate, bisallylcarbonate, pt-2-butylstyrene, vinyltoluene, divinylbenzene,
Vinylcyclohexane, methyl acrylate, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, triallyl cyanurate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxymethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol methacrylate, diethylene glycol acrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, glycerin monoacrylate monomethacrylate, isocyanate There are monohydroxy acrylate of nouric acid, and at least one of these various reactive monomers can be used. The reactive monomer is used to facilitate the workability and to accelerate the polymerization reactivity to polymerize the polymer.
The content is in the range of 10 to 70% by weight depending on the purpose of use such as flexibility, hardness, weather resistance, solvent resistance and drying property.

Such a soft unsaturated polyester resin includes a polymer compound, a plasticizer, a pigment, a filler, a dispersant, a leveling agent, etc. for adjusting the viscosity, modifying the cured product, coloring, and improving the curing speed. , And an air-drying agent such as paraffin can be added as necessary.

The soft unsaturated polyester resin waterproofing material can be cured by a usual method using a polymerization initiator. As a polymerization initiator, peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, ditertiary butyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide and cumene hydroperoxide are suitable, and metal soaps such as cobalt naphthenate as a polymerization initiator, Suitable are tertiary amines such as dimethylaniline, alcoholates such as sodium methylate, lauryl mercaptan, N-ethyl methatoruishi and the like.

When a single-sided heat-sealed perforated nonwoven fabric is used to form the waterproof layer of the present invention, a layer for preventing the penetration of the resin liquid into the holding concrete layer is evenly spread on the upper surface. . At this time, an adhesive may be used so that the buffer layer can be fixed between the concrete layer and the buffer layer of the foundation, but if too much adhesive is used, the buffer layer will be clogged, and air or water vapor generated from the foundation will be clogged. The amount of water used is usually 0.1 to 0.5 kg, preferably 0.2 to 0.4 kg, per square meter, because it may stop the movement.

When an unsaturated polyester resin waterproof material is filled in the hole of the cushioning material, the hardening property of the contact portion between the hole of the cushioning material and the waterproof material is increased, and the adhesive strength between the base and the waterproof layer is increased through the hole. In order to increase the amount of active isocyanate compound such as aromatic isocyanate such as toluene diisocyanate and diphenylmethane diisocyanate, aliphatic isocyanate such as xylylene diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and alicyclic isocyanate such as hydrogenated MDI. It is good to add.
The amount of the active isocyanate compound to be added to the unsaturated polyester resin waterproofing material is 0.5 to 10 parts by weight. As a method of applying the coating film waterproofing material, it is sufficient to apply and harden by a usual coating means such as a construction tool such as a rubber wrench, a brush, a roller, or a mechanical coating such as a spray.

If necessary, the seam of the cushioning material and the waterproof layer on the cushioning material can be combined with a fibrous reinforcing material to be impregnated and integrated with the waterproof coating material to enhance the durability. The reinforcing material used is one that further strengthens the bonding between the cushioning materials by applying a coating film waterproofing material and strengthens the adhesion strength to the waterproofing substrate. For example, woven fabric such as glass fiber, polyester fiber, and vinylon fiber And non-woven fabrics such as polyester fibers and nylon fibers.

In order to sufficiently exhibit the ventilation function of the waterproof layer according to the present invention on site, it is easier to collect warm air and gas components such as water vapor if the ventilation groove is formed in parallel with the water surface of the roof. It is preferred. The number of grooves depends on the size of the area, but at least one is required.
Preferably, they are provided at intervals of 2.5 to 5 m.

In order to release the collected water to the outside of the system, it is necessary to provide a deaerator such as a deaerator or a deaerator connected to the ventilation groove on the waterproof layer above the ventilation groove.

[0023]

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples, Comparative Examples and Reference Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the following, the number of parts is by weight unless otherwise specified. In addition, the test result of the Example and the comparative example was put together in the table and shown.

Reference Example At room temperature, 625 g (6.0 mol) of neopentyl glycol, 864 g (5.91 mol) of adipic acid and 3.5 g (0.03 mol) of fumaric acid were equipped with a stirrer, thermometer, Vigreux condenser and nitrogen inlet tube. Into a 2 liter flask. Thereafter, the mixture was gradually heated, esterified at 215 ° C. and water was distilled off until the acid number reached 6.0. Next, it was cooled to 150 ° C. and 50.0 g (0.51 mol) of maleic anhydride was added. 2 at 150 ° C
After reacting for hours, the reaction was cooled to 100 ° C. When this temperature is reached, 892 g of styrene and hydroquinone 1
10 mg was added. The mixture thus obtained has an acid number of 20.7, a hydroxyl number of 6.0 and a solids content of 57.5% and contains 7.9 mol% terminal unsaturated acids and 0.5 mol% unsaturated acids in the chain, based on the total amount of dicarboxylic acids. The liquid was a pale yellow liquid having a viscosity of 5 poise (BH type viscometer at 20 ° C.). To 100 parts of this pale yellow liquid, 10 parts of titanium oxide JR701 (manufactured by Teikoku Chemicals) as a pigment and 10 parts of 3S talc (manufactured by Shiraishi calcium) as a filler are uniformly mixed and dispersed with a high-speed stirrer at room temperature to form a soft unsaturated polyester resin. I got a waterproof material. When used 1.5 parts of benzoyl peroxide, dimethylaniline
0.5 part was used.

Example 1 As shown in FIG. 1 which is a schematic plan view of Example 1, a 15 cm thick, 120 cm wide, cured by a metal iron so that the surface was horizontal and smooth. Length 200
50 cm from the longitudinal end
A groove having a depth of 30 mm, a width of 12 mm, and a length of 1.0 m was cut parallel to the width direction with a concrete cutter at a position of cm to form a ventilation groove. A 20cm long hard PVC groove lid (trade name;
Joint cap (Nissin Kogyo)
小 3mm small holes were drilled in places. An epoxy polyol-urethane resin-based primer (trade name: MT Flex Primer FP-220, manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.) was applied twice so as to be 0.3 kg per square meter. Width 50c
m, 1.8m long, single-sided heat-sealed nonwoven fabric (trade name: MT
Flekeep (manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.) crossed at right angles to the grooves, and were arranged in two rows so that the grooves were completely covered by the nonwoven fabric, and the end portions of the nonwoven fabrics were attached with a gap of about 5 cm.
A waterproofing material obtained by adding 2 parts of liquid diphenylmethane diisocyanate to 100 parts of the waterproofing material obtained in the reference example is applied with a rubber spatula to about 0.8 kg per square meter so as to sufficiently fill the holes on the nonwoven fabric, Further, the waterproof material was applied on the entire surface of the application portion so as to be 2.0 kg per square meter. After curing, open a hole through the joint cap with a diameter of about 10 mm at a position about 0.6 m from the end in the width direction where the joint cap as a ventilation groove and the one-sided heat-sealed nonwoven fabric overlap, and a diameter of 13 mm on it A 15 cm long rigid polyvinyl chloride resin pipe was set up as a deaerator. Furthermore, from this deaerator
A hole of about 10 mm was made at a position (point A) of the waterproof layer on the same nonwoven fabric at a distance of 1 m and a position (point B) on the adjacent nonwoven fabric parallel to the ventilation groove from point A to prepare an air injection hole. . First, under the condition of an ambient temperature of 20 ° C., in the air permeability test, one air injection hole of the test specimen was closed, air of 0.1 kgf / cm ² was injected from the other air injection hole, and the air was removed from the groove. The measurement was performed by measuring the amount of air exhausted from the gas generator, and the appearance of the waterproof layer at that time was observed. Next, the surface of the specimen was heated to 50 ° C. by irradiating an infrared lamp, air at a pressure of 0.1 kgf / cm ² was injected from an air injection hole, and the appearance of the waterproof layer was observed.

Example 2 A gas permeability test and observation of the appearance of the waterproof layer were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the distance between the ventilation groove and the air injection hole was changed to 2.0 m. Indicated.

[Comparative Example 1] Waterproofing was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the nonwoven fabric was bonded to a concrete plate by butt without forming a groove in the base, and the butt portion was sealed with an adhesive tape. A layer was prepared, a breathability test was performed, and the appearance of the waterproof layer was observed. The results are shown in the table.

Comparative Example 2 A gas permeability test and observation of the appearance of the waterproof layer were performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the pressure-sensitive adhesive tape used in Comparative Example 1 was not used. The results are shown in the table.

[0029]

[Table 1]

[0030]

By providing ventilation grooves for gas components such as air and water vapor on the waterproof base, moisture from the base of the waterproof layer on the seam at the end of the buffer, which was a drawback of the conventional buffer insertion method, is provided. As a waterproofing layer construction method for roofs that prevents the occurrence of defects in the waterproofing layer such as blisters and floats and does not place a large burden on the waterproofing layer against zero span tension and repeated fatigue when a crack occurs in the base It is suitable.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a flat roof having a holding concrete layer and an asphalt waterproofing layer.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the construction of a breathable waterproofing method according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the construction of a breathable waterproofing method according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Body part of roof of concrete structure 2 Asphalt waterproofing layer 3 Holding concrete layer 4 Vent groove 5 Deaerator 6 Buffer material 7 Lid covering the exposed groove between cushioning materials 8 Soft unsaturated polyester resin coating waterproofing material

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] In the repair of a flat roof having a pressing concrete layer formed on a waterproof layer, 1) a groove as a ventilation groove is cut into the pressing concrete layer, and 2) a lid of the opening of the groove is covered with a film or a sheet. 3) A cushioning material is laid on the holding concrete layer so as to provide a gap between the cushioning materials. 4) A waterproofing material is applied thereon to form a waterproofing layer. 5) On the waterproofing layer, A breathable waterproofing method for a flat roof, wherein at least one deaerator communicating with the groove is provided.