JP2900491B2 - Air conditioning control device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a device that virtually divides a space to be air-conditioned into a plurality of regions and controls air conditioning for each of the divided regions.

[Prior art]

(1) The applicant first performs a proportional integration process on the deviation between the detected temperature of the air-conditioned space and the target temperature, and controls the heating capacity and the cooling capacity of the air conditioner based on the resulting data. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-232912). In the above-mentioned publication, the proportional integration process calculates the deviation EN as EN ← TN−Tset (TN: detected temperature, Tset: target temperature), and calculates the internal variable KEN given as an initial value “0” by KEN ← Like KEN + EN, this is a process of sequentially updating each process and obtaining control data Y as Y ← A × EN + B × KEN (A: proportional constant, B: integration constant) based on these. The control data Y is compared with predetermined reference data and converted into data that governs the air conditioning capacity. That is, the data is converted into data for operating the heating means and the cooling means of the air conditioner so as to realize the air conditioning capability. In other words, in the proportional integration process, the area of the hatched portion in FIG. 6 is set to “0”, that is, the detected temperature TN is set to the target temperature Tset.
This is a process for obtaining a control amount of the air conditioner that converges to the following. (2) A relatively large space such as a passenger compartment of a bus is virtually divided into a plurality of regions, and an air conditioning (heating and / or cooling) device is installed in each region. This is because a single air conditioner may not be able to sufficiently achieve air conditioning in a wide space.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

There is a demand that a relatively large space to be air-conditioned is virtually divided into a plurality of areas, an air conditioner is installed in each area, and air conditioning based on proportional integration processing is realized. However, when the air conditioners are installed in the air-conditioned spaces that are not insulated from each other as in the virtual partitioned space described above, and the air conditioning control is performed independently based on the proportional integral processing, each partitioned space becomes self-contained. In addition to the air conditioners installed in one of the divided spaces, the air conditioners are also affected by the air conditioners installed in the other divided spaces. Further, the temperature detected by each air conditioner differs depending on the solar radiation distribution and the like. Originally, the meaning of the control by the integral term (the term of B × KEN) is to make the time average of the temperature converge to the set temperature. Therefore, when the temperature of the space is stably controlled to the set temperature, the value of the integral term oscillates in a minimum section between a positive value and a negative value near zero. However, if the detected temperature of the air conditioner is directly affected by the output of other air conditioners for a long time, or if only the temperature detector of the air conditioner is exposed to intense solar radiation for a long time, , The above integral term swings largely in the direction of one sign. In this state, when the influence of other air conditioners or the influence of local solar radiation disappears, the integral term gradually oscillates over a long period of time while vibrating largely around zero, and gradually attenuates its amplitude near zero. And the temperature control stabilizes. As described above, since it takes time to stabilize the air conditioner, if the influence of other air conditioners or the effect of local solar radiation frequently occurs, the temperature control by the air conditioner will be always unstable, and Poor reproducibility. In addition, even when the air conditioners interact with each other at the end, it is considered that the oscillation of the integral term becomes large, so that the stability of the temperature control is deteriorated and the temperature distribution changes greatly depending on the place. There is a problem of doing. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has as its object to stabilize temperature control by a plurality of air conditioners.

[Means for solving the problems]

The present invention relates to a temperature detection unit installed at a predetermined location in each of the divided spaces of the air-conditioned space, an air conditioning unit installed at a predetermined location in each of the divided spaces of the air-conditioned space, and a target temperature of the air-conditioned space. Target temperature input means for instructing, and in order to determine each control amount of each air-conditioning means, for each deviation of each detected temperature of each section space with respect to the target temperature, Integral processing is performed on the common spatial average deviation in each section space, which is the average value of each deviation of the temperature from the target temperature, and the sum of the proportional processing and the common integration processing is used to control each air conditioner. An arithmetic means for obtaining data and control means for comparing each of the calculated control data with predetermined reference data and activating each air conditioning means based on the result are provided. In the above, the air conditioner is a device that has an air heater and / or a cooler and whose operation is controlled by the controller. In addition, the proportional processing for the deviation EN (i) between the detected temperature TN (i) of each section space (i) and the target temperature Tset is performed by obtaining EN (i) as EN (i) ← TN (i) −Tset. Is multiplied by a proportional constant A to obtain a proportional term A × EN (i) of the control data. In addition, the integration process for the spatial average deviation ENav between the temperature TN of the air-conditioned space and the target temperature Tset is performed by updating the internal variable KEN with the latest average deviation ENav, such as KEN ← KEN + ENav, and adding the integration constant This is a process of multiplying B to obtain an integral term B × KEN of the control data.

[Action]

As described above, in the apparatus of the present invention, the air conditioning in each of the divided spaces is independently controlled based on the control data. The control data is given as a sum of a proportional term A × EN (i), which is an independent value for each partitioned space, and an integral term B × KEN, which is a common value for all partitioned spaces. In other words, the integral term data affected by the outputs of the other air conditioners is common to all the divided spaces. Therefore, even if there is an interaction by the air conditioner in each of the divided spaces, the temporal stability of the controlled temperature and the stability of the spatial temperature distribution can be improved.

【Example】

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. (1) Configuration of Example Apparatus FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the arrangement of the example apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a control circuit of the apparatus. As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the cabin of a bus vehicle is virtually divided into four areas (1), (2), (3), and (4), and the air conditioners 10 (i) (i) for each area. = 1 to 4, the same applies hereinafter), and these operations are controlled by the control unit 2 (CP for control).
U20 etc.). Each air conditioner 10 (i) has an evaporator 12 (i) as a cooling unit, a heater core 11 (i) as a heating unit, and a blowing fan 13 (i) as a blowing unit. The evaporator 12 (i) cools air by exchanging heat with a refrigerant circulating in a refrigeration cycle composed of "compression means → outdoor heat exchange means → decompression means → indoor heat exchange means (evaporator) → compression means”. . The degree of cooling (outlet air temperature) is adjusted by the drive circuit 12d (i) by controlling the electromagnetic clutch that connects and disconnects the compression means (compressor) and the motor of the bus. The heater core 11 (i) heats the air with the cooling water of the motor. The degree of heating (outlet air temperature)
The drive circuit 11d (i) causes the cooling water heater core 11
It is adjusted by controlling a solenoid valve that interrupts the supply to (i). The blower fans send the cooled and / or heated air to the respective compartments. Blow volume is 13m fan motor
(I) is controlled and adjusted by the drive circuit 13d (i). The above three types of drive circuits 12d (i), 11d (i), 13
d (i) is controlled by a control signal from the CPU 20. On the other hand, at the air blowing position of each air conditioner, a temperature sensor 14 (i) for detecting the temperature of the blowing air is disposed,
The detected temperature signal of each temperature sensor 14 (i) is detected by a detection circuit 14s
After being processed in (i), it is input to the CPU 20. A temperature sensor 15 (i) for detecting the compartment space temperature is provided at a place (for example, near the lower part of the ceiling duct) which is assumed to represent the temperature of each of the above-mentioned virtual areas in the bus cabin. ), And the detected temperature signal of each temperature sensor 15 (i) is processed by the detection circuit 15s (i), and then input to the CPU 20. Reference numeral 16 (i) denotes a temperature adjustment volume for instructing a target temperature. The designated target temperature signal is input to the CPU 20 after being processed by the processing circuit 16s (i). As described above, the CPU 20 performs the proportional operation and the integral operation based on the input blow-out air temperature, the vehicle interior temperature, and the target temperature, and performs the electromagnetic clutch, the electromagnetic valve, And the control amount of the fan motor is determined, and a control signal is output to each drive circuit. Reference numeral 21 denotes a ROM in which a control program and the like for the above control are stored, and reference numeral 22 denotes a work RAM in which predetermined tables 1 and 2 described later are stored and a battery is backed up. is there. (2) Control by Example Apparatus Next, control by the present apparatus will be described in accordance with the processing by the CPU 20. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an outline of the processing in the CPU 20, and FIGS. 4 and 5 show steps S31 and S31 in FIG.
FIG. 14 is a characteristic diagram illustrating a process in S33. The CPU 20 starts the process when, for example, the main switch of the air conditioner is turned on. In step S11, an initial setting process is performed. For example, “0” is substituted as the initial value of the internal variable KEN. In addition, a count value of a delay timer (described later) is set. In step S13, a routine timer for managing the execution time of one routine of this processing is started. In step S15, the process waits for the delay timer to count up. The delay timer is a timer counter that manages a time interval for repeating the control of the present apparatus, and is counted for each routine of this processing, and counts up when the count reaches the value set in step S11. By the count-up, the following control (S17 to S35) is executed. First, in step S17, the delay timer is reset and started. Next, in step S19, each signal from the compartment temperature sensor 15 (i), the outlet air temperature sensor 14 (i), and the target temperature setting volume 16 (i) in each of the four compartments of the compartment. Is performed. In step S21, the average temperature in the vehicle compartment is determined. That is, based on the temperatures of the respective regions (the temperatures detected by the vehicle interior temperature sensor 15 (i)), the average value TNav of the vehicle interior temperature is set as TNav = (ΣTN (i)) / 4 (i = 1 to 4). And substitute it for the variable TNav. In step S23, a spatial average deviation (see claims) is determined. That is, from the target temperature Tset and the vehicle interior average temperature TNav, the average value ENav of the deviation is obtained as ENav = TNav-Tset, and is substituted for the variable ENav. In step S25, the value of the internal variable KEN is updated. That is, the internal variable KE calculated during the previous execution of this step
The value obtained by adding the average value ENav of the deviation to N is substituted into the variable KEN as a new value of the internal variable KEN. In step S27, the deviation of each of the four regions is obtained. That is, from the target temperature Tset and the detected temperatures TN (i) of each of the four regions, EN (i) = TN (i) -Tset, and the deviation EN (i) of each region is obtained, and the variable
Substitute for EN (i). In step S29, calculation of control data is performed. That is, from the value of the deviation EN (i) obtained by the processing in step S27 and the value of the internal variable KEN updated in step S25,
The control data Y (i) of each of the four areas is obtained as Y (i) = A × EN (i) + B × KEN (A: proportional constant, B: integral constant), and the variable Y (i) is obtained. Substitute each. In step S31, referring to the predetermined table 1 stored in the RAM 22, according to the value of the control data Y (i), the air conditioning capacity required for the air conditioner 10 (i) in the area (i). Each value of Q (i) is calculated. As shown in FIG. 4, the predetermined table 1 has data for associating the value of the control data Y with the value of the air conditioning capacity Q. As described above, the control data Y (i) has a proportional term A ×
It is given as the sum of EN (i) and the integral term B × KEN (i). For this reason, as shown in FIG.
If the temperature in (4) is uniform, the proportional term A × EN of each area
The values of (1) to A × EN (4) are all equal (see S27). Further, the value of the integral term B × KEN is always equal in each region (see S25). Therefore, each of the air conditioners 10 (1) to 10
The air conditioning capacities Q (1) to Q (4) required for (4) are all equal. On the other hand, when the temperatures of the regions (1) to (4) are different from each other as shown in FIG.
The values of (1) to A × EN (4) are different from each other (see S27). For this reason, the air conditioning capacity Q (1) to Q (4) required for each of the air conditioners 10 (1) to 10 (4) is different. In step S33, referring to the predetermined table 2 stored in the RAM 22, the control amount of each air conditioner (the blow-off air temperature) is determined according to the value of the air-conditioning capacity Q (i) of each area obtained in step S31. TC (i), the air flow rate WC (i), and the operating rates of the evaporator 12 (i) and the heater core 11 (i) are determined. As shown in FIG. 5, the predetermined table 2 stores the value of the air conditioning capacity Q in accordance with the blowing air temperature TC and the blowing air amount WC.
The data to be associated with is prepared. The data for realizing the blown air temperature TC, that is, the evaporator
It is also assumed that data providing the operation rates of the heater core 12 (i) and the heater core 11 (i) are also prepared. In step S35, the air temperature TC (i), the blown air amount WC (i), and the operating rates of the evaporator 12 (i) and the heater core 11 (i) in each area obtained in step S33 are used. , Drive circuits 11d (i), 12
The control data given to d (i) and 13d (i) is calculated,
Output each. As described above, the control of the present embodiment is performed. As described above, steps S13 to S17 and step S37 function as a delay process for defining an execution time interval of the air conditioning control by the present apparatus. In the present apparatus, for example, a value of about 10 to 20 seconds is used as the delay timer value in step S1.
Initialized with 1. In the above control, the target temperature Tset is the same in each region.
The same effect can be obtained by setting the processing in S23 as ENav ← TNav−ΣTset (i) / 4 and the processing in step S27 as EN (i) ← TN (i) −Tset (i). obtain. Further, in the present apparatus, a case is shown in which the space to be air-conditioned is divided into four, but the present invention can be realized with any number of divisions.

【The invention's effect】

As described above, according to the present invention, in order to determine each control amount of each air conditioner, a proportional process is performed on each deviation of each detected temperature of each divided space with respect to the target temperature, and each deviation of each temperature of each divided space with respect to the target temperature is determined. An apparatus that performs integration processing on a common spatial average deviation in each section space, which is the average value of the respective sections, and obtains control data of each air conditioning unit by the sum of the respective proportional processing and the common integration processing. It is. According to the present invention, control data is given as a sum of a proportional term A × EN (i) having an independent value for each partitioned space and an integral term B × KEN having a common value for all partitioned spaces. By comparing the control data with the reference data, the air conditioning in each of the divided spaces is individually controlled. Therefore, even when the temperature of each of the divided spaces is controlled by the air conditioners installed in each of the divided spaces, temporal and spatial stabilization of the control temperature is achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the arrangement of each air conditioner in a vehicle compartment of the embodiment, FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of a control circuit of the embodiment, and FIG. 4 and 5 are characteristic diagrams for explaining the process in FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the concept of air conditioning control based on the proportional-integral process. i (i = 1 to 4): Variable corresponding to each section space 11 (i): Evaporator 12 (i): Heater core 13 (i): Ventilation fan 15 (i): Temperature sensor in section space Y (i) ... control data

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A temperature detecting means installed at a predetermined location in each of the divided spaces of the air-conditioned space; an air-conditioning device installed at a predetermined location in each of the divided spaces of the air-conditioned space; Target temperature input means for determining each control amount of each air-conditioning means, in order to determine each deviation of each detected temperature of each section space with respect to the target temperature, and perform a proportional process on each deviation of each temperature of each section space with respect to the target temperature. Arithmetic means for performing integration processing on a common spatial average deviation in each section space, which is the average value of each deviation, and obtaining each control data of each air conditioning means by the sum of the respective proportional processing and the common integration processing An air conditioning control device comprising: a control unit that compares each of the calculated control data with predetermined reference data and activates each of the air conditioning units based on a result of the comparison.