JP2886279B2 - Cutting control device in cutting machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a cutting machine such as a band sawing machine, which has an optimum cutting efficiency (that is, a cutting rate) according to a cutting length of a work to be cut. (Hereinafter referred to as having the same meaning in the present specification) and a cutting control device in a cutting machine for performing cutting control.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, when a workpiece is cut with a band saw blade in, for example, a vertical band sawing machine as a cutting machine, there is a relationship as shown in FIG. 8 between the cutting length and the cutting efficiency. It is known. That is, in Figure 8, as the cutting efficiency may vary by a maximum cutting length of the workpiece (L), the maximum efficiency of up to _{L 1 ~L 2, L <L} 1, L 2> L even cutting efficiency is as falling It had been. (Linear proportion) In addition, the cut was always executed under the condition of constant work (cut x cutting length = constant).

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, as described above, conventionally, the cutting rate is set to be maximum at the maximum cutting length, so that the cutting efficiency as a coefficient for calculating the cutting rate is maximum. Although determined according to the cutting length, when the work is a round bar having a diameter D, the cutting length 1 changes from 0 to D.

If, D = When L _3, even though the cutting efficiency cutting efficiency in the round bar as can be seen from FIG. 8 is included cutting length of the workpiece L ₁ ~L ₂ is the maximum Was determined to be b%.

In addition, since the depth of cut is constant, the cutting length l
Even though the cutting length of L _{1 to} L ₂ having the maximum cutting efficiency is included in = 0 to D, the work is controlled at a constant cutting efficiency of b%.

An object of the present invention is to improve the above problems by changing the cutting efficiency based on the cutting length, realizing efficient cutting without applying excessive force to the cutting tool, and improving the life of the cutting tool. An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting control device in a cutting machine.

[Means for Solving the Problems] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an input device for inputting a material of a workpiece to be cut, a cutting length, and the like,
A cutting length / memory for storing cutting lengths sequentially measured from the start of cutting, a first processing unit for calculating and processing cutting efficiency according to the cutting length of the work, and a unique cutting condition for each material of the work. The actual cutting rate is calculated from the specific cutting conditions and memory stored and the cutting efficiency calculated by the first processing unit and the specific cutting conditions and the cutting conditions stored in the memory. Cutting control in a cutting machine, comprising: a second processing unit for calculating an actual cutting speed; and a tool housing having a cutting tool controlled by the actual cutting speed calculated by the second processing unit. The device was configured.

Also, the present invention provides a cutting control device of the cutting machine, wherein a third calculation for processing a constant cutting speed so as to control the tool housing at a constant cutting speed by a constant cutting length at the time of cutting start and cutting completion. It is provided with a processing device.

Further, the present invention provides a cutting control device for a cutting machine, comprising a fourth arithmetic processing unit for calculating the cutting time by summing up the minute times required for cutting each minute cross-sectional area.

(Operation) By employing the cutting control device in the cutting machine of the present invention, first, the material of the workpiece to be cut and the cutting length are input to the cutting control device from the input device, and the cutting length sequentially measured from the start of cutting. Is stored in the cutting length and memory, and the unique cutting conditions for each material of the work are stored in the unique cutting conditions and memory.

The actual cutting length is sequentially taken from the cutting length / memory into one arithmetic processing unit, and the cutting efficiency is calculated according to the cutting length of the work.

The cutting efficiency calculated by the first processing unit and the specific cutting conditions and the cutting conditions stored in the memory are taken into the second processing unit, and the actual cutting rate and the actual cutting speed are calculated. The actual cutting speed controls the cutting of the tool housing. Thus, the cutting is performed with the cutting rate changed according to the cutting length of the work,
Efficient cutting is realized without forcing the cutting tool, and the life of the cutting tool is improved.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As a cutting machine, a horizontal band saw machine, a vertical band saw machine,
A circular saw, a bow saw, a lathe, or the like can be used. In this embodiment, a vertical band saw is used as an example of the cutting machine.

Before describing the configuration of the present invention, the basic concept of achieving the present invention will be described.

First, as shown in FIG.
L ₁ from the secondary, but it is going to fall gradually in a curve as such tertiary, cutting efficiency K _R to the cutting length as shown in FIG. 6 will be described for the case of primary proportional.

In FIG. 6, if l _x ≦ l ₁ , K _R = α ₁₁ x ⁿ + α ₁₂ x ^n-1 + α ₁₃ x ^n-1 (1) If l ₁ <l _x , K _R = Α ₂₁ x ⁿ + α ₂₂ x ^n-1 + α ₂₃ x ^n-2 (2) (where n = 1, 2, 3,...).

It is assumed that the specific cutting conditions are determined for each workpiece by conditions such as the material and hardness of the work. This condition is a condition where the l = l ₁ that cutting efficiency is 100%. That is, the specific cutting conditions are represented by R and V.

Here, R is called a cutting rate, an area that can be cut within a certain time (L ² / T), and V is called a saw speed, which is a running speed (L / T) of the saw blade.

When the cutting rate of the workpiece made of a certain material as R _1,
If the cutting efficiency when cutting length l _x and K _Rx in FIG. 6, the cutting rate R _x of at the cutting length l _x becomes _{R x = K Rx · R 1} ... (3).

Also, Similarly, the saw speed coefficients for the saw speed and K _B, when the unique saw speed of the position the workpiece and V _1, the saw speed V _x of at the cutting length l _x is, · V _x = K _Bx V ₁ ... (4)

It should be noted that the above-mentioned saw-speed coefficient K _B, the saw speed V is the main factor of the deep tooth tip temperature very related to the saw blade life,
Naturally, if the cutting length 1 is short, the tip temperature does not rise, so that the cutting speed can be increased. Conversely, if the cutting length 1 is long, the tip temperature increases, so that it is necessary to slow down. The saw speed coefficient K _B for cutting length l from this point of view the relationship such shown in FIG. 7 is established.

From FIG. 7, if l _x ≦ l ₁ , K _B = β ₁₁ x ⁿ + β ₁₂ x ⁿ⁻¹ + β ₁₃ x ⁿ⁻² (5) If l ₁ <l _x , K _B = β ^{_{21 x n + β 22 x n}} -1 + β 13 x n-2 ... a (6). (However, n = 1, 2, 3,...) If the equations (1) and (2) of the cutting efficiency K _R can be expressed by a quadratic equation, if l _x <l ₁ , K _R = 100 −a (l ₁ −l _x ) ² (7) If l ₁ <lx, K _R = 100−b (l _x −l ₁ ) ² (8) (However, a and b are constants) Next, consider a cutting method when a work made of a certain material cuts a round bar having a diameter D as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 5, from the start of cutting to the point of C [L],
Since it is cut early, and be cut at a slower constant feed by considering the missing tooth of the saw blade, feed speed V ₁ 1 / e slower than that corresponding to the cutting conditions at position C: and (e constant) Then, cutting speed v ₀ from cutting start to C position, cutting time Δ
t ₀ and the cutting rate R ₀ are as follows: v ₀ = v ₁ × 1 / e (9) Δt ₀ = C / v ₀ (10) R ₀ = K _RC · R ₁ (11)

When the cutting length when it cut from the outer diameter is a cutting start position to position C and l _1, The cutting length l ₂ when cutting C + Δd is From the above equations (12) and (13), take the average of the cutting length And

The cutting efficiency K _R1 of the cutting length l _m1 is, when l _m1 <l ₁ , K _R1 = 100−a (l _m1 −l ₁ ) ^2. Therefore, the cutting speed is v ₁ = K _R1 · R ₁ / l _m1 … (14)

The cutting time Δt ₁ from the C position to the depth of Δd is as follows: Δt ₁ = Δd / v ₁ (15)

Next, in case of cutting from Δd by C + Δd K _R2 = 100−a (l _m2 −l ₁ ) ^2. Accordingly, the cutting speed v ₂ is as follows: v ₂ = K _R2 · R ₁ / l _m2 (16)

Further, the cutting time Δt ₂ is as follows: Δt ₂ = Δd / v ₂ (17)

Similarly, the cutting speed v _n , cutting time Δt _n and cutting rate R _n of the _n -th board are as follows: v _n = K _RN · R ₁ / l _mn (18) Δt _n = ΔD / v _n (19) R _n = K _Rn · R ₁ (20)

Further, cut up (D-C) ~0 (completion) of the final and P _{number, v p = v (P-} 1) · 1 / l ... (21) Δt P = C / v P ... (22 ) R _P = K _PP · R ₁ (23)

From the above, from the cutting position to the C position, a constant cutting is performed by the above equations (9), (10) and (11), and from the C position to the (DC) position, the above equation (18) is obtained. , (19),
The cutting control is performed in (20), and a constant cutting is performed by the above equations (21), (22) and (23) from (DC) to 0 (completion).

Also, the total time T from the start of cutting to the end of cutting is T
Is Is required.

Further, the saw speed V is controlled by the above (4).

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cutting control device in a vertical band sawing machine as a band sawing machine, for example.

In FIG. 1, a round bar work W is placed on a base 3 of a vertical band sawing machine 1, and the work W is clamped by a fixed vise 5 and a movable vise 7.

A saw blade housing 9 is provided as a tool housing that can be moved left and right to perform cutting processing on the workpiece W.
A rotatable drive wheel 11 and a driven wheel 13 are mounted on the saw blade housing 9. Its drive wheels 11
A band saw blade T as a tool is wound around the driven wheel 13 and the driven wheel 13. A saw blade motor 15 such as a servo motor for driving the drive wheel 11 is connected to the drive wheel 11 in an interlocked manner.

By driving the saw blade motor 15 with the above configuration, the drive wheel 11 rotates in a certain direction as shown by the arrow, and the band saw blade T travels from above to below.

The saw blade housing 9 is supported on a frame (not shown). Further, a nut member 17 is provided on the saw blade housing 9, and a ball screw 19 is screwed to the nut member 17. A cutting drive motor 21 for rotating the ball screw 19 is linked to one end of the ball screw 17. The cutting drive motor 21 is provided with an encoder 23 for detecting a position.

With the above configuration, when the cutting drive motor 21 is driven, the ball screw 19 is rotated, and the saw blade housing 9 is moved in the left-right direction in FIG.

Thus, the work W is cut by moving the band saw blade T from above to below and moving the saw blade housing 9 from right to left.

The saw blade motor 15 and the cutting drive motor 21 are respectively
It is connected to a central processing unit (CPU) 27 of the control device 25 via 1 / F. The CPU 27 has an input device 29 such as a keyboard for inputting various preset data.
And an output device 31 such as a CRT for displaying various data.

The CPU 27 also stores the cutting length 1 sequentially detected by the encoder 23 provided in the cutting motor 21 in the cutting length / memory 33.
Is stored in In the CPU 27, work-specific cutting conditions such as a cutting rate R ₁ and a saw speed V ₁ for each material of the work W are stored in a work-specific cutting condition / memory 35.

The CPU 27 is connected to first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh arithmetic processing units 37, 39, 41, 43, 45 and 47, respectively.

Cutting efficiency K _Rx during the cutting length l _x in the first processing unit 37 is adapted to be processing. That is, as described above, the cutting efficiency K _RX is calculated by the equations (7) and (8). 2nd arithmetic processing unit 3
9, feed speed V _n, the cut time Delta] t _n, the cutting rate R _n is adapted to be processing. That is, the cutting efficiency K _Rx (= K _Rn ) calculated by the first processing unit 37 and the cutting length l _mn sequentially stored in the cutting length / memory 33 are the second.
It is taken into the arithmetic processing unit 39 and the equations (18), (19), (2
0), v _n , Δt _n , R _n from the C position to the (D−C) position
Together but is processing, than is the moving speed or feed speed of the saw blade housing 9 is controlled in feed speed v _n is command is given to the notch for driving the motor 21 from the position C to the (D-C) positions .

In the third arithmetic processing unit 41, the cutting speed v ₀ , v _P , the cutting time Δt ₀ , Δt _P and the cutting rate R ₀ , R _P from the start of cutting to the position C and from the position (DC) to the completion of cutting. Are calculated by the equations (9), (21); (10), (22); (11), (23), and the cutting speeds v ₀ , v _P are given to the driving motor 21 for cutting. , C position from cutting start,
The moving speed of the saw blade housing 9 from the position (DC) to the completion of cutting, that is, the cutting speed, is controlled.

In the fourth arithmetic processing unit 43, the cutting time from the start of the cutting to the completion of the cutting is calculated by the equation (24) and is displayed on, for example, the CRT of the output device 31 to grasp how much cutting time is required. It is.

Further, in the fifth arithmetic processing unit 45, equations (5) and (6)
The saw speed coefficient KBx is calculated. The calculated saw speed coefficient K _Bx and the work-specific cutting conditions / memory 35
And a saw speed V ₁ which is stored is incorporated in the sixth arithmetic processing unit 47, the saw speed V _x is the arithmetic processing by the equation (4). The arithmetic treated saw speed V _x is given command to the saw blade motor 15 is of the saw blade motor 15 is controlled to cut completed from start cutting.

Thus, the saw speed of the saw blade motor 15 from the cutting start to the work W made of the diameter D to the position C in Vx (l = C), controls the feed speed of the saw blade housing 9 by v _0, the position C The saw speed of the saw blade motor 15 is increased to the position (DC) by V _n [l = C ~
In (DC)], controlled by the feed speed v _n of the saw blade housing 9, further, (DC) to the saw speed of the saw blade motor 15 from the position to the cutting completion V _(DC) [(l-C in) to 0], by controlling the feed speed of the saw blade housing 9 v _P, cutting is performed.

As a result, efficient cutting can be realized without exerting excessive force on the band saw blade T, and the life of the band saw blade T can be improved.

The cutting rate and cutting time from the start of cutting to position C are
R ₀ , Δt ₀ , the cutting rate from the C position to the (DC) position, the cutting time is R _n , Δt _n , and the cutting rate from the (DC) position to the completion of the cutting, the cutting time is R _P, is carried out in the Δt _P. For example, a = 20%, l ₁ = 20 cm, b = 60%, e = 5 mm, R
_When the relationship between the actual cutting length and the cutting rate and the cutting speed when ₁ = 100 cm ² / min is plotted, the state shown in FIG. 2 is obtained. Thus, when the cutting length is 40cm, the cutting rate is the maximum at the middle 20cm.
100%. The cutting speed is reduced as the cutting length increases.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show a comparison with the conventional case where the round bar as the workpiece W is 200φ and 400φ, respectively. FIG. 3 has almost the same tendency as FIG. 4, and will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 4, in the conventional cutting, the cutting rate is highest at a cutting length of 32 to 40 cm where the cutting efficiency is reduced, but in the case of this embodiment, as the cutting length becomes longer than 20 cm, The cutting efficiency has dropped, and it is closer to the ideal curve.

Cutting length that requires high cutting efficiency in conventional cutting
Conversely, the cutting rate is low near 20cm. In this embodiment, the cutting rate is high near the cutting length of 20 cm where the cutting efficiency is high.

Therefore, if cutting control is performed as in the present embodiment, efficient cutting is realized without exerting excessive force on the band saw blade T, and the life of the band saw blade is also improved.

In FIG. 4, when the depth of cut is constant, the portion where the cutting length is the longest has the highest cutting rate.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be embodied in other modes by making appropriate changes.

[Effects of the Invention] As can be understood from the description of the embodiment as described above, according to the present invention, the cutting efficiency is controlled based on the cutting length to control the cutting speed, so that the cutting tool is not forced. In addition to realizing efficient cutting, the life of the cutting tool can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a main part of the present invention, and is a block diagram of a configuration of a cutting control device in a vertical band sawing machine. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a cutting length, a cutting rate, and a cutting speed obtained by the present invention. And FIG. 4 is a comparison relation diagram of the present invention and the conventional cutting rate, cutting speed, and cutting time at 200φ and 400φ, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram when cutting a round bar having a diameter D,
6 and 7 are diagrams showing the relationship between the cutting efficiency and the cutting speed coefficient with respect to the cutting length for explaining the basic concept of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the cutting efficiency and the conventional cutting length. 1 Vertical band sawing machine 9 Saw blade housing 15 Saw blade motor 21 Cutting drive motor 25 Control device 27 CPU 33 Cutting length / memory 35 Work-specific Cutting condition / memory 37 First arithmetic processing unit 39 Second arithmetic processing unit 41 Third arithmetic processing unit 43 Fourth arithmetic processing unit 45 Fifth arithmetic processing unit 47 Sixth arithmetic operation Processing equipment

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An input device for inputting a material of a workpiece to be cut, a cutting length, etc., a cutting length and a memory for storing a cutting length sequentially measured from the start of cutting, and a cutting in accordance with a cutting length of the work. A first arithmetic processing device for calculating the efficiency;
A unique cutting condition / memory for storing a unique cutting condition for each material of the work, and a cutting efficiency and a unique cutting condition / calculated by the first processing unit, and a cutting condition stored in the memory. A second processing unit for calculating the actual cutting rate and calculating the actual cutting speed from the tool, and a tool housing having a cutting tool controlled by the actual cutting speed calculated by the second processing unit And a cutting control device for a cutting machine. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a third processing unit for calculating a constant cutting speed so as to control the tool housing at a constant cutting speed by a certain cutting length at the start of cutting and at the completion of cutting. The cutting control device for a cutting machine according to claim 1. 3. The cutting machine according to claim 1, further comprising a fourth arithmetic processing unit for calculating a cutting time by summing up a minute time required for cutting each minute cross-sectional area. Infeed control device.