JP2852848B2 - Swivel - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hydraulic excavator,
The present invention relates to a swivel device provided in a construction machine such as a hydraulic crane and used to swing an upper swing body on a lower traveling body of the construction machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 7 to 16 show an example in which a conventional swing device is used for a hydraulic excavator.

In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a lower traveling body, 2 denotes an upper revolving body mounted on the lower traveling body 1 so as to be pivotable, and the upper revolving body 2 has a revolving frame 3; 3
A machine room 4, an operator's cab 5, a counterweight 6, and the like are provided above. Reference numeral 7 denotes a working device attached to the revolving frame 3 so as to be able to move up and down, and the working device 7 performs an excavation work of earth and sand.

[0004] Reference numeral 8 denotes a turning device provided on the turning frame 3. As shown in FIG. 8, the turning device 8 is supplied with pressure oil from the outside as a rotation source for driving the output shaft 9 A to rotate. Hydraulic motor 9 is provided, and the turning device 8
Is for transmitting the rotation of the hydraulic motor 9 to the lower traveling body 1 and rotating the turning frame 3 and the like with respect to the lower traveling body 1.

[0005] Reference numeral 10 denotes a housing constituting a main body of the turning device 8. The housing 10 has a housing main body 11 in which a large-diameter flange portion 11 A on the lower end side is fixed to the turning frame 3, and a small diameter on the upper end side of the housing main body 11. Ring gear 1 provided on flange 11B and formed with an internal gear
2 and a cover 13 provided above the ring gear 12
It is composed of A mounting step 11C to which a large-diameter bearing 22 described later is mounted is formed below the inner periphery of the housing body 11, and a mounting step 11D to which a small-diameter bearing 23 is mounted is formed above the inner periphery. Further, the cover 1
A hydraulic motor 9 is attached to the upper end side of 3.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a reduction gear mechanism which is disposed below the cover 13 and is disposed in the housing 10 and constitutes a reduction mechanism together with the ring gear 12. The reduction gear mechanism 14 is provided at the end of the output shaft 9A of the hydraulic motor 9. And a plurality of planetary gears 16, 16,... Meshing with the sun gear 15 and the ring gear 12 and revolving around the sun gear 15 while rotating around the sun gear 15. Each of the planetary gears 16 is rotatably supported via a pin 17 and a carrier 18 for transmitting the revolution of each of the planetary gears 16 to a pinion shaft 19 described later.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a large-diameter bearing 2 in the housing body 11.
2 and a pinion shaft as a rotating shaft rotatably supported via a small-diameter bearing 23, wherein the lower side of the pinion shaft 19 is a large-diameter portion 19A and the upper side is a small-diameter portion 1A.
9B is formed in a stepped columnar shape. A spline 19C is formed on the outer periphery of the upper end side of the pinion shaft 19, and an annular groove 19D in which a retaining ring 24 described later is fitted is formed between the spline 19C and the small diameter portion 19B in the circumferential direction. ing. And the spline 19
C is non-rotatably coupled to carrier 18, whereby
The pinion shaft 19 rotates based on the rotation of the hydraulic motor 9.

The lower end of the pinion shaft 19 projects from the inside of the housing body 11 to the lower side of the revolving frame 3 to form a pinion 20. The pinion 20 is a revolving wheel 21 provided on the lower traveling body 1. Is engaged with the internal gear 21A formed at the center. Then, the pinion shaft 19 and the pinion 20 are used to
1A, and revolves around the periphery of the lower traveling body 1 via the housing 11 body.
It is to turn on.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a large-diameter bearing provided between the housing main body 11 and the large-diameter portion 19A of the pinion shaft 19. The large-diameter bearing 22 is fixed to the mounting step 11C of the housing main body 11. Outer ring 22A and outer ring 22A
And an inner ring 22B fitted to the large-diameter portion 19A of the pinion shaft 19, and a plurality of inner rings 22B provided between the inner ring 22B and the outer ring 22A in the circumferential direction. Roller 2 as a rolling element that enables rotation
2C, 22C,... (Only two are shown).

Reference numeral 23 denotes a small-diameter bearing provided between the housing main body 11 and the small-diameter portion 19B of the pinion shaft 19. The small-diameter bearing 23 is mounted on the mounting step of the housing main body 11 in substantially the same manner as the large-diameter bearing 22. An outer ring 23A fixed to the portion 11D, an inner ring 23B located on the inner peripheral side of the outer ring 23A and fitted to the small-diameter portion 19B of the pinion shaft 19, and a circumferential direction between the inner ring 23B and the outer ring 23A. Rollers 23C, 23C,
.. (Only two are shown).

Reference numeral 24 denotes an annular groove 19 of the pinion shaft 19.
D shows an annular retaining ring fitted to D. The retaining ring 24 axially positions the inner ring 23B of the small-diameter bearing 23.

Reference numeral 25 denotes a spacer provided between the inner ring 22B of the large diameter bearing 22 and the pinion 20, and the spacer 25 is fitted and fixed to the large diameter portion 19A of the pinion shaft 19.

Reference numeral 26 denotes an oil seal provided on the outer peripheral side of the spacer 25. The oil seal 26 has an oil lip portion 26A on the upper inner peripheral surface, a dust lip portion 26B on the lower inner peripheral surface, and each lip portion 26A. , 26B are in sliding contact with the outer peripheral side of the spacer 25 with interference. The oil lip portion 26A prevents oil or the like adhering between the respective gears of the reduction gear mechanism 14 from leaking out of the housing 10, and the dust lip portion 26B forms the pinion 20 and the internal gear 21A of the revolving wheel 21. To prevent the grease or the like adhering between them from entering the housing 10.

The turning device 8 according to the prior art has the above-described configuration. When pressure oil is supplied to the hydraulic motor 9 from the outside, the output shaft 9A rotates. This rotation is performed by the sun gear of the reduction gear mechanism 14. 15 to each planetary gear 16,
Each of the planetary gears 16 revolves while rotating on the inner periphery of the ring gear 12, and the revolving is performed by a spline 19 C
Through the pinion shaft 19. in this way,
The rotation of the hydraulic motor 9 is reduced by the reduction gear mechanism 14 and transmitted to the pinion shaft 19 as a high torque rotation.

When the pinion shaft 19 rotates, the pinion 20 revolves while rotating on the inner periphery of the revolving wheel 21, and the revolving is transmitted from the pinion shaft 19 to the revolving frame 3 via the housing body 11. ,
The upper revolving unit 2 is turned on the lower traveling unit 1.

Next, the assembling operation of the conventional turning device 8 will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, as shown in FIG. 9, the pinion shaft 19 is placed on the workbench 27 such that the large-diameter portion 19A is on the lower side.
Is mounted, and in this state, the spacer 25 is fitted from above into the large diameter portion 19A of the pinion shaft 19, and the spacer 2
5, the inner ring 22B of the large-diameter bearing 22 and each roller 2
Attach one with 2C integrated.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, the housing main body 11 is placed on the work table 27 so that the small-diameter flange portion 11B is on the lower side, and the outer ring 22A of the large-diameter bearing 22 is mounted in the housing main body 11. It fits into the step 11C. And
The housing body 11 is turned upside down as shown in FIG.
Place the housing body 11 on the worktable 27 with the small-diameter flange 1
1B is placed on the upper side, and the outer ring 2 of the small-diameter bearing 23 is
3A is fitted to the mounting step 11D in the housing body 11.

Next, as shown in FIG. 12, the housing body 11 in which the outer ring 22A of the large-diameter bearing 22 and the outer ring 23A of the small-diameter bearing 23 are fitted is fitted to the spacer 25, the inner ring 2
2B, pinion shaft 19 with each roller 22C mounted
Is lowered from above in the direction of arrow A in the figure, and inserted into the pinion shaft 19. At this time, the pinion shaft 19
The outer ring 22A of the large-diameter bearing 22 fitted to the housing main body 11 abuts on each roller 22C of the large-diameter bearing 22 mounted on the housing 22, and the large-diameter bearing 22 is assembled.

As shown in FIG. 13, the inner ring 23 of the small-diameter bearing 23 is attached to the small-diameter portion 19B of the pinion shaft 19.
After mounting B and each roller 23C and assembling the small-diameter bearing 23, the retaining ring 24 is fitted into the annular groove 19D of the pinion shaft 19, and the inner ring 23B is positioned in the axial direction. Thereby, the pinion shaft 19 and the housing main body 11 are positioned in the axial direction while the relative rotation is allowed by the large-diameter bearing 22 and the small-diameter bearing 23.

Next, as shown in FIG. 14, the integrated pinion shaft 19, the housing main body 11 and the like are all turned upside down, and the small-diameter flange portion 11 of the housing main body 11 is turned upside down.
1 is mounted on the work table 27 so that B is on the lower side, and an oil seal 26 is press-fitted between the spacer 25 and the housing body 11 from above the pinion 20 in the direction of arrow B, as shown in FIG.
Attach as shown in 5.

Further, the integrated pinion shaft 1
9, the entire housing body 11 and the like are turned upside down and placed on the workbench 27 such that the small-diameter flange portion 11B of the housing body 11 is on the upper side, and the reduction gear mechanism 14, the housing body 11 on the upper side of the pinion shaft 19. The cover 13 on which the ring gear 12 and the hydraulic motor 9 are mounted is mounted on the small-diameter flange portion 11B, and the turning device 8 is completed.

[0023]

By the way, in the above-described prior art, it is necessary to turn the housing body 11 and the like up and down three times in the assembling operation of the turning device 8, and these members are large and heavy. Therefore, the reversing operation requires a dedicated reversing device, and the housing body 11 and the like must be attached to the reversing device every time the reversing operation is performed. is there.

The housing body 11 and the spacer 25
When the oil seal 26 is press-fitted between
As shown in FIG. 6, the oil lip 26A of the oil seal 26 may be turned up and deformed by friction with the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 25 in some cases. However, in the conventional mounting method, such a mounting failure of the oil seal 26 cannot be confirmed from the outside, and a problem that the oil leakage causes the turning device 8 to malfunction and reliability is greatly reduced. is there.

On the other hand, when the oil seal 26 once fitted is removed from the inside of the housing body 11, the oil seal 26 is press-fitted between the housing body 11 and the spacer 25, so it is difficult to remove the oil seal 26. There is a problem that the oil seal 26 is sometimes damaged and cannot be reused.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and provides a swivel device capable of preventing a seal failure due to an upturn of a lip portion of an oil seal and allowing the oil seal to be easily removed from a housing. The purpose is to provide.

[0027]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention , a lower end side is attached to an upper rotating body,
A cylindrical housing provided with a rotation source on the upper end side;
The rotation source is provided inside the housing and is rotated at a reduced speed.
A deceleration mechanism that transmits to the spindle, and downward from inside the housing
A lower traveling body formed at the lower end side of the rotating shaft projecting to
A pinion that meshes with a turning wheel provided in
To support the housing rotatably in the housing,
Between the outer ring fixed to the inner ring and the inner ring fixed to the rotating shaft
A bearing provided with a plurality of rolling elements, an inner ring of the bearing, and a pinion;
And a ring fitted to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft positioned between
-Shaped spacer and the lip on the inner circumference side are the outer circumference of the spacer.
Press-fit on the inner peripheral side of the housing to slide on the surface
Applied to a swivel system consisting of a combined oil seal
You.

The first aspect of the present invention has
The feature is that the lip of the oil seal is attached to the inner ring of the bearing
Is approximately equal to the maximum circumscribed circle diameter of each
Is formed large, and the oil
The outer peripheral surface of the seal is partially exposed outside the housing.
That is, the notch is formed in the radial direction.

Further , the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that:
Oil seal mounting step at the end corresponding to the spacer
A notch, and the notch is paired with the oil seal mounting step.
It is formed so as to penetrate radially at a corresponding position .

[0030]

According to the above construction, the oil seal is formed by fitting the housing from above the pinion shaft.
It is slidably mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the spacer from the side of the lip exposed through the outer peripheral side of each rolling element of the bearing fitted to the pinion shaft.

When the oil seal is removed, the lip can be removed without damaging the oil seal by engaging a jig or the like with the outer peripheral surface of the oil seal via the notch.

[0032]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the present embodiment, the same components as those of the above-described related art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

In the drawing, reference numeral 31 denotes a housing main body according to the present embodiment. The housing main body 31 is substantially the same as the housing main body 11 described in the prior art, and has large-diameter flange portions 31A formed on both upper and lower ends. , Small diameter flange 3
1B, an outer ring 22A of the large-diameter bearing 22, and an attachment step 31C and an attachment step 31D in which the outer ring 23A of the small-diameter bearing 23 is fitted.
And the mounting step 31C.
An oil seal attachment step 31E into which an oil seal 33 to be described later is fitted is formed on the lower side, and a notch 31 penetrating in the radial direction is formed on the outer peripheral side of the oil seal attachment step 31E.
F is formed.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a large diameter portion 1 of the pinion shaft 19.
9A shows the spacer according to the present embodiment fitted to the spacer 9A. The outer diameter of the spacer 32 is smaller than that of the spacer 25 described in the prior art. It is formed to be substantially equal or larger. That is, the outer diameter of the spacer 32 is equal to or greater than the maximum circumscribed circle diameter of each roller 22C.

Reference numeral 33 denotes an oil seal press-fitted into the oil seal mounting step 31E of the housing body 31;
The oil seal 33 is the oil seal 2 described in the prior art.
6, an oil lip portion 33A and a dust lip portion 33B are provided on the inner peripheral side. However, the oil seal 33 has a larger diameter as a whole, and its inner diameter d1
(The smaller inner diameter of the lip portions 33A and 33B) is formed so as to be substantially equal to or larger than the maximum circumscribed circle diameter d2 of the large diameter bearing 22 and larger than the outer diameter d3 of the pinion 20.

The turning device 8 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and its operation is not particularly different from that of the prior art.

Next, an assembling operation of the turning device 8 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, as shown in FIG. 3, a spacer 32 is fitted to the large-diameter portion 19A of the pinion shaft 19 as in the prior art, and the inner ring 22B of the large-diameter bearing 22 is placed above the spacer 32.
And the one in which each roller 22C is integrated is mounted.

As shown in FIG. 4, the housing body 31 is placed on the workbench 27 such that the small-diameter flange portion 31B is on the lower side, and the outer ring 22A of the large-diameter bearing 22 is mounted in the housing body 31. The oil seal 33 is fitted into the oil seal attachment step 31E in the housing body 31. Then, the housing main body 31 is turned upside down and placed on the workbench 27 such that the small-diameter flange portion 31B is on the upper side, and the outer ring 23A of the small-diameter bearing 23 is fitted to the mounting step 31D in the housing main body 31.

Next, the housing body 31 in which the outer ring 22A of the large-diameter bearing 22, the oil seal 33, and the outer ring 23A of the small-diameter bearing 23 are fitted is fitted to the spacer 32, the inner ring 22B of the large-diameter bearing 22, and each roller 22C. As shown in FIG. 5, the housing body 31 and the pinion shaft 1 are lowered from above the mounted pinion shaft 19 in an arrow C direction.
9 are combined. At this time, the housing body 31
The inner diameter d1 of the oil seal 33 fitted inside the inner ring 22B of the large-diameter bearing 22 mounted on the pinion shaft 19
Is formed so as to be equal to or larger than the maximum circumscribed circle diameter d2 of each roller 22C, so that the oil seal 33 passes through the outer peripheral side of each roller 22C of the large-diameter bearing 22 and is mounted so as to slide on the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 32. Is done.

As shown in FIG. 6, the inner ring 23B of the small-diameter bearing 23 is attached to the small-diameter portion 19B of the pinion shaft 19.
After mounting the rollers 23C and assembling the small-diameter bearings 23, the retaining ring 24 is fitted into the annular groove 19D of the pinion shaft 19, and the inner ring 23B is positioned in the axial direction.
Further, the reduction gear mechanism 1 is provided above the pinion shaft 19.
4. A cover 13 in which the ring gear 12 and the hydraulic motor 9 are mounted on the small-diameter flange portion 31B of the housing body 31.
Is to be installed.

On the other hand, when removing the oil seal 33 from the oil seal attachment step 31E of the housing body 31, the tip of a jig (not shown) such as a driver is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the oil seal 33 through the notch 31F. To be pulled out by engaging with the.

Thus, according to this embodiment, the inner diameter d1 of the oil seal 33 is substantially equal to or larger than the maximum circumscribed circle diameter d2 of each roller 22C of the large-diameter bearing 22, and larger than the outer diameter d3 of the pinion 20. Since the oil seal 3 is formed, the oil seal 3
3 is fitted to the housing body 31 in advance, and then the oil seal 33 is inserted together with the housing body 31 into the pinion shaft 19 on which the spacer 32, the inner ring 22B of the large-diameter bearing 22, and each roller 22C are mounted. The roller can be mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 32 by passing through the outer peripheral side of each roller 22C. Therefore, the reversing operation of the housing main body 31 and the like can be performed only once, and assemblability can be greatly improved as compared with the related art.

Further, when the oil seal 33 is mounted on the spacer 32, the oil seal 33 is mounted on the spacer 32 from the dust lip portion 33B exposed to the outside. To reliably prevent a gap from being formed between the oil seal 33 and the spacer 32, and the grease or the like attached to the pinion 20 may enter the housing body 31 due to intrusion. 8 can be reliably prevented from being broken down or performance degraded.

On the other hand, the notch 31
The oil lip 33A and the dust lip 33B can be removed without damaging the oil seal 33 because the F is formed and the notch 31F can be easily removed through the notch 31F. Can be.

In the above embodiment, the turning device 8 having the one-stage reduction gear mechanism 14 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and has a multi-stage reduction gear mechanism having two or more stages. It may be used for a turning device.

In the above embodiment, the case where the turning device 8 is used for a hydraulic excavator has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be used as a turning device for a hydraulic crane and other construction machines. Can be.

Although the bearings 22 and 23 have been described as roller bearings using rollers 22C and 23C for the respective rolling elements , ball bearings may be used.

[0049]

As described above in detail, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the lip portion of the oil seal is formed to be substantially equal to or larger than the maximum circumscribed circle diameter of each rolling element mounted on the inner ring of the bearing. At the lower end of the housing
Radial direction so that the peripheral surface is partially exposed outside the housing
The notch is formed so that the oil seal can pass through the bearing fitted to the pinion shaft and can be slidably mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the spacer from the lip part exposed to the outside. Insufficient sealing such as turning up of a portion can be visually confirmed from the outside, and formation of a gap between the oil seal and the spacer can be reliably prevented. Moreover, through the notch provided at the lower end of the housing,
The jig is engaged with the outer peripheral surface of the oil seal
Easily remove the oil seal from the housing
Repair and replacement of the oil seal can be performed easily.
Can be removed without damaging the lip.
Use can be made possible.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the housing
Oil seal at the lower end of the
Form a mounting step and align the notch with the oil seal mounting step.
It is formed at the corresponding position by penetrating in the radial direction.
To engage the jig with the outer peripheral surface of the oil seal
Therefore, the oil seal can be easily removed from the oil seal mounting step.
It can simply be removed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a turning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a bearing, a spacer, an oil seal and the like in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a spacer, an inner ring of a bearing, and rollers are fitted to a pinion shaft.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which an outer ring of a bearing and an oil seal are fitted with a small-diameter flange portion of a housing facing downward.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state immediately before fitting a housing having a small-diameter flange portion on the upper side to a pinion shaft.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where a housing and a pinion shaft are integrated.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a conventional hydraulic excavator.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional turning device.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a spacer, an inner ring of a bearing, and rollers are fitted to a pinion shaft.

FIG. 10 with the small-diameter flange portion of the housing facing down,
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which fitted the outer ring of the bearing.

FIG. 11 With the small-diameter flange portion of the housing facing upward,
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which fitted the outer ring of the bearing.

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state immediately before fitting a housing having a small-diameter flange portion on the upper side to a pinion shaft.

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where the housing and the pinion shaft are integrated.

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state immediately before an oil seal is fitted between a housing and a spacer.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing a state where an oil seal is mounted between a housing and an outer peripheral surface of a spacer.

FIG. 16 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a main part similar to FIG. 15, showing a state in which an oil lip portion of an oil seal is deformed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 9 hydraulic motor (rotation source) 12 ring gear 13 cover 14 reduction gear mechanism (reduction mechanism) 20 pinion 21 slewing ring 22 large-diameter bearing 22A outer ring 22B inner ring 22C roller (roller) 31 housing body 31E oil seal mounting step 31F cutting Notch 32 Spacer 33 Oil seal 33A Oil lip 33B Dust lip

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Takeshi Kurihara 650, Kandate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. In-house (56) References JP-A 64-38321 (JP, U) JP-A 59-185106 (JP, U) JP-A 36-21460 (JP, Y1) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl) . ^6, DB name) F16C 33/78 F16J 15/32 311

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cylindrical housing having a lower end attached to an upper revolving structure and a rotation source provided at an upper end, and a deceleration provided in the housing, for reducing the rotation of the rotation source and transmitting the rotation of the rotation source to a rotating shaft. A mechanism, a pinion formed at a lower end side of the rotating shaft projecting downward from the housing, meshing with a turning wheel provided on the lower traveling body, and a rotatable support for supporting the rotating shaft in the housing. A bearing provided with a plurality of rolling elements between an outer ring fixed to the housing and an inner ring fixed to the rotary shaft; and a bearing positioned between an inner ring of the bearing and a pinion on an outer periphery of the rotary shaft. an annular spacer is fitted, as the lip portion of the inner peripheral side slides on the outer peripheral surface of the spacer, the turning device comprising a press-fitted onto the oil seal on the inner peripheral side of the housing, before Note oil seal lip The parts, or approximately equal to the maximum circumscribed circle diameter of the rolling element mounted to the inner ring of the bearing, or formed larger, the lower end of the housing, the outer circumference of the oil seal
Face to expose part of the surface outside the housing.
A turning device characterized by forming a notch . Wherein the lower end of the front Symbol housing forming an oil seal mounting stepped portion at a position corresponding to the spacer, before
The notch has a diameter at the position corresponding to the oil seal mounting step.
The turning device according to claim 1, wherein the turning device is formed so as to penetrate in a direction .