CN110873153A

CN110873153A - Speed reducer

Info

Publication number: CN110873153A
Application number: CN201810994684.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈玉山; 谭利彬; 万方辉; 王海荣; 张笑天
Original assignee: Nanjing High Speed Transmission Equipment Group Co Ltd; Nanjing High Speed Gear Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Nanchuan Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-08-29
Filing date: 2018-08-29
Publication date: 2020-03-10

Abstract

The invention provides a speed reducing device and relates to the technical field of speed reducing equipment. The speed reducer comprises a mounting support, a motor flange and an input gear, wherein the motor flange is detachably arranged on the mounting support and can be connected with a motor shell; the input gear is detachably connected to the motor flange and is coaxially arranged with the motor flange, and the input gear can be connected with a motor output shaft. When the speed reducer is connected with motors of different models, the size of the output shaft of the motor is changed, the motor flange and the input gear can be detached from the mounting support, and the input gears of other models can be replaced, so that the center hole of the input gear is matched with the output shaft of the motor, and the speed reducer can be suitable for driving devices of various models.

Description

Speed reducer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of speed reducing equipment, in particular to a speed reducing device.

Background

Reduction gears are used in power transmission systems of various machines and reduce the rotational speed of an output shaft in transmitting the rotational speed of an input shaft to the output shaft.

The input gear of the existing speed reducer is arranged on the speed reducer, the input gear is only suitable for a motor of one type, the universal applicability is not available, and more parts can be replaced if different motors are matched, so that the material cost is wasted.

Based on the above problems, a reduction gear is provided to make the reduction gear have general applicability.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a speed reducing device, so that the speed reducing device is matched with different motors.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a reduction gear unit comprising:

mounting a support;

the motor flange is detachably arranged on the mounting support and can be connected with a motor shell;

the input gear is detachably connected to the motor flange and is coaxially arranged with the motor flange, and the input gear can be connected with a motor output shaft.

As a preferable scheme of the reduction gear, the input gear includes a meshing portion and a connecting portion, the connecting portion is sleeved with a first bearing, two hole retaining rings are axially arranged on an inner wall of the motor flange at intervals, and an outer ring of the first bearing is arranged between the two hole retaining rings and is limited by the hole retaining rings.

As a preferable embodiment of the reduction gear, a step is provided between the connecting portion and the meshing portion, one side of the inner ring of the first bearing abuts against the step, a shaft retainer is provided on the connecting portion, and the other side of the inner ring abuts against the shaft retainer.

As a preferable scheme of the above speed reducing device, the speed reducing device further comprises a sleeve and a central flange, wherein the sleeve and the central flange are used for wiring, the central flange is sleeved on the sleeve and is installed on the installation support, and the sleeve and the central flange are sealed by oil seals.

As a preferable scheme of the reduction gear, the reduction gear further comprises an internal gear, wherein the internal gear is fixed on the mounting support, and a first sealing ring is arranged between the internal gear and the mounting support.

As a preferable scheme of the speed reducing device, one end of the internal gear, which is far away from the mounting support, is rotatably connected with an output shaft, and an oil seal is adopted between the inner surface of the internal gear and the outer surface of the output shaft for sealing.

As a preferable scheme of the above speed reducer, a sealing support is sleeved on one end of the sleeve, which is far away from the central flange, the output shaft is sleeved on the sealing support and is arranged coaxially with the sealing support, and a second sealing ring is arranged between the sealing support and the output shaft.

As a preferable mode of the reduction gear, a duplicate gear is sleeved on the sleeve, the duplicate gear includes a large gear portion and a small gear portion, the large gear portion is engaged with the input gear, the small gear portion is engaged with a planetary gear, the planetary gear is arranged on a planet carrier, and an axis of the planet carrier coincides with an axis of the sleeve.

As a preferable mode of the reduction gear, the carrier includes a support flange and the output shaft, the support flange is located between the pinion gear portion and the output shaft and fixed to the output shaft, and the planetary gear is fixed to a crank shaft penetrating the carrier.

As a preferable mode of the reduction gear, a swing gear is rotatably mounted to an eccentric portion of the crank shaft, the swing gear is engaged with the internal gear, and the output shaft is rotatable by the swing gear through the swing gear.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the speed reducer provided by the invention, the motor flange is detachably connected with the support, the input gear is detachably connected with the motor flange, when the speed reducer is connected with motors of different models, the size of the output shaft of the motor is changed, the motor flange and the input gear can be detached from the support, and input gears of other models are replaced, so that the center hole of the input gear is matched with the output shaft of the motor.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of an input end of a reduction unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2 at I;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a side view taken in the direction E of FIG. 2

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a dual gear according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, 1, installing a support; 2. a motor flange; 3. an input gear; 4. a sleeve; 5. a central flange; 6. an internal gear; 7. a first seal ring; 8. an output shaft; 9. sealing the support; 10. a second seal ring; 11. a duplicate gear; 12. a planetary gear; 13. a support flange; 14. a second bearing; 15. a crank shaft; 16. a third bearing; 17. a fourth bearing; 18. a swing gear; 19. a main bearing;

201. a first hole retainer ring;

301. an engaging portion; 302. a connecting portion; 303. a first bearing; 304. a first shaft retainer ring;

601. needle teeth;

801. a retainer ring for the second hole; 802. end cover oil seal;

1101. a large gear portion; 1102. a pinion gear portion; 1103. a first end portion; 1104. a second end portion;

1501. a gasket; 1502. and a retainer ring for the second shaft.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

The present embodiment provides a reduction gear, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, which includes a mount base 1, the mount base 1 being provided at an input end of the reduction gear; the mounting support 1 is detachably provided with a motor flange 2, and the motor flange 2 can be connected with a motor shell. The motor flange 2 is rotatably connected with an input gear 3, the input gear 3 is in key connection with a motor output shaft, the input gear 3 and the motor flange 2 are coaxially arranged, and the input gear can rotate around the axis of the motor flange 2 under the driving of the motor output shaft. The input gear 3 is detachably connected to the motor flange 2. Among this decelerator, when decelerator is connected with the motor of different models, the dimensional change of motor output shaft, can pull down motor flange 2 together with input gear 3 on erection support 1 earlier, and change the input gear 3 of other models, so that the centre bore and the motor output shaft adaptation of input gear 3, then install motor flange 2 and the input gear 3 after changing back erection support 1, can make this decelerator be applicable to the motor of different models, universal applicability has, need not to be equipped with a plurality of decelerator because of motor model problem.

As shown in fig. 3, the input gear 3 includes a meshing portion 301 and a connecting portion 302, a first bearing 303 is fitted over the connecting portion 302, two first hole retainers 201 are provided on the inner wall of the motor flange 2 at intervals in the axial direction, and the outer ring of the first bearing 303 is disposed between the two first hole retainers 201 and is retained by the first hole retainers 201. A step is provided between the connecting portion 302 and the meshing portion 301, one side of the inner ring of the first bearing 303 abuts against the step, a first shaft retaining ring 304 is provided on the connecting portion 302, and the other side of the inner ring of the first bearing 303 abuts against the first shaft retaining ring 304. The two first hole retainers 201 can fix the position of the outer ring of the first bearing 303 with respect to the motor flange 2, and the step and the first shaft retainer 304 can fix the position of the inner ring of the first bearing 303 with respect to the input gear 3, while achieving the connection of the motor flange 2 and the input gear 3 through the first bearing 303. The first bearing 303 is a deep groove ball bearing, and the first bearing 303 plays a role in sealing in addition to the function of realizing the relative rotation of the input gear 3 and the motor flange 2, so that lubricating oil is prevented from flowing out from between the input gear 3 and the motor flange 2.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the reduction gear is a hollow type reduction gear including a sleeve 4 for wiring, the sleeve 4 is disposed on the central axis of the reduction gear, and both the wiring and the piping are disposed in the sleeve 4. The setting of sleeve 4 can avoid the circuit winding phenomenon to take place to guarantee that wiring and pipeline receive sleeve 4 protection, prevent that wiring and pipeline from taking place the damage. Meanwhile, the realization of the functions of welding, gluing or spraying and the like of the industrial robot in the household appliance industry is facilitated.

The speed reducer in the embodiment further comprises a central flange 5, the central flange 5 is sleeved on the sleeve 4 and is installed on the installation support 1, and a framework oil seal is specifically adopted between the sleeve 4 and the central flange 5.

The speed reducer further comprises an internal gear 6, wherein the internal gear 6 is fixed on the mounting support 1, and a first sealing ring 7 is arranged between the internal gear 6 and the mounting support 1.

An output shaft 8 is rotatably connected to one end of the internal gear 6 away from the mounting support 1, and oil is sealed between the inner surface of the internal gear 6 and the outer surface of the output shaft 8. Specifically, a framework oil seal is adopted.

One end cover that the sleeve 4 kept away from central flange 5 is equipped with sealed support 9, and coaxial setting between sealed support 9 and the output shaft 8 just is provided with second sealing washer 10 between sealed support 9 and output shaft 8. The seal rings in this embodiment are all O-rings. The seal holder 9 is mounted on the output shaft 8 by screws.

The sealing support 9 and the sleeve 4 are of split structures, and the sealing support 9 and the sleeve 4 are in interference fit. Therefore, the seal holder 9 and the sleeve 4 can be processed in two parts, the number of processing steps can be reduced compared with the whole processing, and the waste of materials can be reduced when the seal holder 9 and the sleeve 4 are processed separately due to different outer diameters.

Moreover, the speed reducing device can be directly connected with a matched servo motor or an execution device, the problems that in the prior art, the structures such as the mounting support 1, the input gear 3, the motor flange 2 and the central flange 5 need to be mounted during assembly are solved, the mounting is convenient, and the mounting difficulty of a customer during use is reduced.

In this embodiment, to realize deceleration, the specific deceleration structure is: as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, a duplicate gear 11 is sleeved on the sleeve 4, the duplicate gear 11 includes a large gear portion 1101 and a small gear portion 1102, the large gear portion 1101 is engaged with the engaging portion 301 of the input gear 3, the small gear portion 1102 is engaged with the planetary gear 12, the planetary gear 12 is arranged on a planet carrier, and an axis of the planet carrier is coincident with an axis of the sleeve 4. In the present embodiment, there are three planet gears 12, and other numbers of planet gears 12 can be selected according to specific structural requirements. The meshing of the input gear 3 and the large gear portion 1101 is a first-stage reduction, and the meshing of the small gear portion 1102 and the planetary gears 12 is a second-stage reduction.

As shown in fig. 2, the carrier includes a support flange 13 and the output shaft 8, the support flange 13 is located between the pinion gear portion 1102 of the duplicate gear 11 and the output shaft 8, and the support flange 13 and the output shaft 8 are fixed together by taper pins and screws. As shown in fig. 2 and 8, the double gear 11 is provided with a first end portion 1103 and a second end portion 1104 at both ends, respectively, and the first end portion 1103 and the second end portion 1104 are both cylindrical. Wherein, the support flange 13 is sleeved with two second bearings 14 and is rotatably connected to the first end portion 1103 through the second bearings 14, and the second end portion 1104 is sleeved with one second bearing 14 and is rotatably connected to the central flange 5 through the second bearing 14. Steps are provided between the first end portion 1103 and the pinion gear portion 1102 and between the second end portion 1104 and the bull gear portion 1101, the second bearing 14 on the first end portion 1103 is confined between the support flange 13 and the step on the corresponding side, and the second bearing 14 on the second end portion 1104 is confined between the center flange 5 and the step on the corresponding side. The structure plays a role in limiting the duplicate gear 11, and the duplicate gear 11 is prevented from moving along the axis direction of the sleeve 4. The second bearing 14 is a deep groove ball bearing.

As shown in fig. 2, the outer circumference of the support flange 13 and the outer circumference of the output shaft 8 are each provided with a main bearing 19, and are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the internal gear 6 through the main bearings 19.

As shown in fig. 2 and 6, three crank shafts 15 are inserted into the carrier, a third bearing 16 is provided between the crank shaft 15 and the support flange 13, a fourth bearing 17 is provided between the crank shaft 15 and the output shaft 8, and second hole stoppers 801 are provided on both the output shaft 8 and the support flange 13, thereby limiting the third bearing 16 and the fourth bearing 17. The third bearing 16 and the fourth bearing 17 are both tapered roller bearings. A through hole is formed in the position of the output shaft 8 where the fourth bearing 17 is arranged, and an end cover oil seal 802 is arranged in the through hole, so that lubricating oil is prevented from flowing out between the fourth bearing 17 and the through hole.

One of the above-mentioned planetary gears 12 is connected to each crank shaft 15. Specifically, the crank shaft 15 is provided with splines, and the planetary gear 12 is connected with the crank shaft 15 through the splines. The crank shaft 15 is further provided with a washer 1501 and a second shaft retainer ring 1502, and the washer 1501 and the second shaft retainer ring 1502 are respectively arranged on two sides of the planetary gear 12 and position the planetary gear 12 to ensure that the planetary gear 12 is fixed on a specific position of the crank shaft 15. Therefore, when the planetary gear 12 rotates by the drive of the pinion unit 1102, the crankshaft 15 is rotated.

The crank shaft 15 comprises two eccentric portions, a plurality of which may be selected as the case may be, each rotatably mounting a wobble gear 18. Specifically, a fifth bearing is provided between the eccentric portion and the oscillating gear 18, and the fifth bearing is a needle bearing.

As shown in fig. 6, a plurality of pin teeth 601 are provided on the inner wall of the internal gear 6 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, the swing gear 18 is in mesh transmission with the pin teeth 601 of the internal gear 6, and the output shaft 8 can penetrate through the swing gear 18 and be driven to rotate by the swing gear 18.

Specifically, when the crank shaft 15 rotates, the oscillating gear 18 is driven to rotate due to the existence of the eccentric portion, and since the internal gear 6 is fixed, the pin teeth 601 apply a reverse acting force to the oscillating gear 18, thereby causing the oscillating gear 18 to rotate in the reverse direction, thereby further reducing the rotation speed, i.e., reducing the speed in the third stage. The oscillating gear 18 rotates while rotating the crank shaft 15, and the rotation of the crank shaft 15 automatically converts the oscillating gear 18 into the revolving motion of the output shaft 8 around the central axis of the reduction gear, so that the rotation can be transmitted to an external actuator through the output shaft 8.

The speed reducer in the embodiment adopts different sealing structures at multiple positions according to the wiring requirements of the sleeve 4, so that the sealing effect can be effectively ensured, and the lubricating oil inside the output shaft 8, the internal gear 6 and the mounting support 1 is prevented from leaking.

The whole speed reducer is provided with a three-stage speed reduction transmission device, so that the effects of reducing the rotating speed and increasing the torque are achieved. The speed reducer is compact in structure, the reduction ratio ranges from 80 to 300, and compared with the existing speed reducer, the speed reducer can obtain a larger reduction ratio and meet the requirements of more occasions.

Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A reduction gear, comprising:

a mounting support (1);

the motor flange (2) is detachably arranged on the mounting support (1) and can be connected with a motor shell;

the input gear (3) is detachably connected to the motor flange (2) and is coaxially arranged with the motor flange (2), and the input gear (3) can be connected with a motor output shaft.

2. A reduction gear unit according to claim 1, wherein the input gear (3) comprises a meshing portion (301) and a connecting portion (302), a first bearing (303) is sleeved on the connecting portion (302), two hole collars are axially spaced on the inner wall of the motor flange (2), and the outer ring of the first bearing (303) is disposed between the two hole collars and is retained by the hole collars.

3. A reduction unit according to claim 2, characterised in that a step is provided between the connection portion (302) and the engagement portion (301), that one side of the inner ring of the first bearing (303) abuts against the step, that the connection portion (302) is provided with a shaft collar, and that the other side of the inner ring abuts against the shaft collar.

4. The reduction gear according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a sleeve (4) for wiring and a central flange (5), said central flange (5) is sleeved on said sleeve (4) and mounted on said mounting base (1), and said sleeve (4) and said central flange (5) are sealed by oil seal.

5. A reduction unit according to claim 4, characterized by comprising an internal gear (6), said internal gear (6) being fixed to said mounting support (1) and being provided with a first sealing ring (7) with said mounting support (1).

6. A reduction gear unit according to claim 5, characterised in that an output shaft (8) is rotatably connected to the end of the internal gear (6) remote from the mounting support (1), and an oil seal is provided between the inner surface of the internal gear (6) and the outer surface of the output shaft (8).

7. A reduction gear unit according to claim 6, characterised in that a sealing abutment (9) is provided at the end of the sleeve (4) remote from the central flange (5), the output shaft (8) is provided on the sealing abutment (9) and is arranged coaxially with the sealing abutment (9), and a second sealing ring (10) is provided between the sealing abutment (9) and the output shaft (8).

8. A reduction unit according to claim 6, characterised in that the sleeve (4) is sleeved with a double gear (11), the double gear (11) comprising a big gear portion (1101) and a small gear portion (1102), the big gear portion (1101) meshing with the input gear (3), the small gear portion (1102) meshing with a planetary gear (12), the planetary gear (12) being arranged on a planet carrier whose axis coincides with the axis of the sleeve (4).

9. Reduction unit according to claim 8, wherein the planet carrier comprises a support flange (13) and the output shaft (8), the support flange (13) being located between the pinion gear (1102) and the output shaft (8) and being fixed to the output shaft (8), the planet gears (12) being fixed to a crankshaft (15) passing through the planet carrier.

10. A reduction gear unit according to claim 9, characterised in that an eccentric portion of the crankshaft (15) is rotatably mounted with a wobble gear (18), the wobble gear (18) being in mesh with the internal gear (6), the output shaft (8) being able to penetrate the wobble gear (18) and being driven in rotation by the wobble gear (18).