JP2849605B2 - Large section tunnel and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a large-section tunnel and a method for constructing the same, and more particularly, to a method for constructing a large-section tunnel by using a plurality of shield tunnels in advance. And a method for constructing the same.

[Conventional technology]

A variety of tunnel construction methods have already been provided, but in particular, the shield method can be applied to all types of ground except hard rock, and it does not affect ground facilities and can be constructed deep underground. In recent years, in particular, the construction results have increased.

By the way, in recent years, underground use needs have been increased, and accordingly, a tunnel having a large cross section has been required.

Also, the above-mentioned shield tunnel is being constructed with a large diameter in order to respond to the demand for such a large cross section of the tunnel, and a shield machine having an outer diameter of 14 m or more has recently been planned. .

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

By the way, if an attempt is made to increase the cross section of the shield tunnel as described above, the size of the shield machine used for the tunnel will naturally increase.

However, it is generally said that when the excavation diameter of a shield machine becomes large, the weight increases due to the relationship of W = 2.5D ^{2 to} 3.5D ² (where D: outer diameter of the shield machine, W: weight of the shield machine). Such a large-sized shield machine not only becomes extremely heavy, but also requires a lot of manpower and cost in all aspects such as production, temporary assembly, transportation, on-site assembly, and on-site equipment. Become. In addition, especially in such an ultra-large shield machine, it is currently very difficult to even perform a trial run due to factory equipment and the like.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a large-sized tunnel capable of achieving a large-sized tunnel at a high quality and at low cost by effectively utilizing the advantages of the shield method, and a method of constructing the same. The purpose is to do so.

[Means for solving the problem]

The invention described in claim 1 includes a tunnel structure formed in an arch shape or a cylindrical shape and forming an internal space against the earth pressure of the ground, and a tunnel space formed inside the tunnel structure. Wherein the tunnel structure is formed of a number of shield tunnels formed in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel to be constructed and adjacent to each other, and one of the two shield tunnels formed adjacent to each other. A part of the lining body of one shield tunnel is cut and the lining body of the other shield tunnel is formed and positioned here, so that these shield tunnels are integrated and integrated with each other. It is a feature.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the large-section tunnel according to the first aspect, a hardening filler is filled inside the lining body.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, an arched or cylindrical tunnel structure is preliminarily constructed by connecting a large number of shield tunnels in the ground in the radial direction and then surrounded by the tunnel structure of the ground. A method for constructing a large-section tunnel constructed by excavating a shielded part, wherein a first step of excavating a shield machine with the shield tunnel,
And a second step of lining the wall surface of the excavation hole formed by the shield machine, and the tunnel structure is constructed in advance of every other shield tunnel, and then between the preceding shield tunnels. The first shield tunnel is constructed by forming a row shield tunnel, and the first step of the subsequent shield tunnel is performed while cutting a part of the lining body of the preceding shield tunnel together with the ground. .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the method for constructing a large-section tunnel according to the third aspect, the shield tunnel is formed by a first step of excavating a shield machine and a wall surface of an excavation hole formed by the shield machine. A second step of lining;
A third step of filling the inside of the lining body with a hardening filler,
It is characterized by being constructed by:

[Action]

According to the large-section tunnel according to the first aspect, since the tunnel structure is constituted by the shield tunnel, the preceding construction of the tunnel structure becomes possible. In addition, by structurally integrating a large number of shield tunnels, high rigidity and high water shielding of the tunnel structure can be expected.

In the large-section tunnel according to the second aspect, the strength of the tunnel structure can be further improved.

According to the method for constructing a large-section tunnel according to the third aspect, the large-section tunnel according to the first aspect can be reliably realized. In addition, since the tunnel structure is completed prior to excavation of the large-section tunnel, it is not necessary to carry out additional work such as support work when excavating the ground. In addition, since the tunnel structure is constituted by a shield tunnel, the present invention can be applied to any ground to which the shield method can be applied.

The method for constructing a large-section tunnel according to claim 4 realizes the large-section tunnel according to claim 2.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a large-section tunnel according to claim 1 of the present invention.

This large-section tunnel (hereinafter abbreviated as “tunnel”) 1 includes a tunnel structure 2 which is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole and forms an internal space against the earth pressure of the ground G, and a tunnel structure 2 And a tunnel space 3 formed in the inside of the vehicle.

The tunnel structure 2 is formed of a large number of shield tunnels 4 formed adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 1 to be constructed. In this embodiment,
By arranging these shield tunnels 4, 4,... In a ring shape in the radial direction, the tunnel structure 2 has a cylindrical shape with a circular cross section as a whole.

As shown in FIG. 2, each of the shield tunnels 4 constituting the tunnel structure 2 has a cylindrical structure 6 assembled by a large number of segments 5, 5,. Body comprising a hardening filler (backfill hardening filler) 7, such as concrete or mortar, which is post-punched
It is lining by 20. But where
The diameter of the cylindrical structure 6 with respect to the inner diameter of the excavation hole 8 excavated by the shield machine is extremely small as compared with a general shield tunnel.

Further, each of the shield tunnels 4 is set such that a distance between the shield tunnels 4 adjacent thereto is smaller than an outer diameter of the shield tunnels 4 themselves, thereby forming a lining body 20 of the shield tunnels 4 adjacent to each other. The backfill hardening fillers 7 are polymerized with each other. And by this, each shield tunnel 4,4,…
The backfill hardening filler 7 (lining body 20) is continuously integrated.

The outer diameter of the tunnel 1 having the above configuration is 20 here.
~ 40m, and the outer diameter of each shield tunnel 4 is about 0.7
~ 4m.

Next, the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention, that is, an example of the method of constructing the tunnel 1 having the above structure, will be described in the third section.
This will be described with reference to FIGS.

To construct the tunnel 1, first, a tunnel structure 2 composed of a number of shield tunnels 4, 4,.
Build ahead in The construction of the tunnel structure 2 is performed by the following steps.

That is, first, of the shield tunnels 4, 4,... Adjacent to each other at the time of completion shown in FIG. 1, those that are alternately arranged (preceding shield tunnels 4A) are pre-constructed (see FIG. 3).

The construction of these leading shield tunnels 4A can be performed in the same manner as a normal shield method. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the shield machine 10 is propelled while excavating the ground G by the cutter 11 provided on the front surface thereof, and the arc-shaped segment 5 is inserted into the excavation hole 8 behind the shield machine 10. , 5,... Are assembled in a ring shape to form a tubular structure 6. However, in this case, an extremely large tail void is used as the shield machine 10, whereby the tubular structure 6 is formed to have a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the excavation hole 8. In the portion where the tubular structure 6 is formed, the backfill hardening filler 7 is cast in the space on the back side, that is, between the tubular structure 6 and the excavation hole 8. Thereby, the lining body 20 is completed. In addition,
The arrows in FIG. 7 indicate the state of the backfill hardening filler 7 being placed.

If the preceding shield tunnels 4A, 4A,... Are formed in the ground G as shown in FIG. 4 by the above method, then, the subsequent shield tunnels 4B, 4B, ... is formed.

As shown in FIG. 5, the forming process of the succeeding shield tunnel 4B is the same as that of the preceding shield tunnel 4A. However, since the distance between the preceding shield tunnels 4A, 4A,... Is set smaller than the diameter of the shield tunnel 4 itself as described above, the two preceding shield tunnels 4A, 4A
When forming the subsequent shield tunnel 4B in between,
At the same time, a part of the backfill hardening filler 7 constituting the preceding shield tunnels 4A on both sides is excavated at the same time. At this time, since the cylindrical structure 6 constituting the preceding shield tunnel 4A is formed with a small diameter, it is possible to cut only the backfill hardening filler 7 without interfering with the cylindrical structure 6. is there.

Then, as described above, the shield machine 10 excavates between the two preceding shield tunnels 4A, 4A, assembles the cylindrical structure 6 in the excavation hole 8 ', and then backfills the backside with hardening filling. When the material 7 is cast, as shown in FIG. 6, the following shield tunnels 4B, 4,... That are continuous with the preceding shield tunnels 4A, 4A,. .

By the way, in the present construction method, a part of the backfill hardening filler 7 of the preceding shield tunnel 4A is cut by the shield machine 10 together with the ground when forming the following shield tunnel 4B. As the backfill hardening filler 7 constituting 4A, it is more desirable to use one having such properties that the initial strength is small and the strength increases with time. As another means, for example, using setting delay concrete as backfill hardening filler 7 of the preceding shield tunnel 4A, after the construction of the following shield tunnel 4B,
It is also possible to adopt a method of sending high-temperature air (for example, 70 ° C. or more) into the preceding shield tunnel 4A to secure a required strength. At that time, the supply of the high-temperature air can utilize the internal space of the tubular structure 6. The backfill hardening filler 7 for the trailing shield tunnel 4B is preferably made of high-strength concrete.

When the tunnel structure 2 is constructed by the shield tunnels 4, 4,... As described above, the portion of the ground G surrounded by the tunnel structure 2 is excavated to form the tunnel space 3. For example, the target tunnel 1 as shown in FIG. 1 is completed. Excavation of the ground inside the tunnel structure 2 is performed by a generally used excavator. However, since the tunnel structure 2 has already been constructed and the ground G is supported by the excavator, no support work or the like is required. No need to provide.

According to the tunnel 1, since the tunnel structure 2 is constituted by a large number of shield tunnels 4, 4,... Having a small diameter, a tunnel space 3 having a large cross section can be reliably formed. In addition, each of the shield tunnels 4 that constitute the tunnel structure 2 and are connected to each other,
Are integrated by overlapping with each other, so that the tunnel structure 2 can have extremely high strength and excellent water shielding. Further, as described above, since the tunnel structure 2 is configured by the shield tunnel, it can be applied to all grounds to which the shield method can be applied. In addition, since the shield machine 10 to be used can be very small, the cost of the shield machine can be significantly reduced. For this reason, efficient construction can be achieved using a plurality of shield machines 10.

Further, according to the above construction method, it is possible to realize the tunnel 1 having the above configuration reliably and efficiently.
Furthermore, since the tunnel structure 2 is constructed prior to the tunnel space 3, the ground G
Therefore, it is possible to excavate a large section easily and efficiently without requiring a support or the like.

In the above tunnel 1 construction method, the preceding shield tunnels 4A, 4A,... Do not necessarily have to form the subsequent shield tunnel 4B after all of them are formed. , At least two side-by-side leading shield tunnels 4A, 4A
May be sequentially formed between the preceding shield tunnels 4A at the time of formation.

Next, FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the tunnel according to claim 2 of the present invention. In the figure, the same components as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

The tunnel 1 'according to the present embodiment is different from the tunnel 1 in that the lining body 20 constituting the shield tunnel 4 is provided.
Is solid filled with a hardening filler 9 such as concrete or mortar.

According to the tunnel 1 ', the rigidity of the tunnel structure 2 can be further improved.

To construct the tunnel 1 ', in the construction process of the tunnel 1 in the previous embodiment, after forming the following shield tunnel 4B following the preceding shield tunnel 4A as described above, each of the shield tunnels 4, 4,. The hardening filler 9 is cast in the lining body 20 (in the tubular structure 6). Alternatively, with respect to the preceding shield tunnel 4A, the hardening filler 9 may be filled in the lining body 20 (in the tubular structure 6) before the formation of the following shield tunnel 4B.

FIG. 9 shows another example of the structure of the tunnel structure 2, and the same components as those shown in the above embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In this example, the tubular structure 6 constituting the succeeding shield tunnel 4B has a larger diameter than the tubular structure 6 constituting the preceding shield tunnel 4A. Unlike the preceding shield tunnel 4A, the trailing shield tunnel 4B does not have its side walls cut after formation, so the large-diameter tubular structure 6 may be formed in this way.

Further, FIG. 10 shows another example of another configuration of the tunnel structure 2. The same components as those described in the above embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The lining body 20 of the shield tunnels 4, 4,... Shown in each of the above-described embodiments was formed by a so-called segment lining method comprising the cylindrical structure 6 and the backfill hardening filler 7. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the lining body 20 of each shield tunnel 4, 4,.
It is constituted by. That is, in this case, the lining body 20 is formed by the cast-in-place lining method without using segments. In the tunnel structure 2 according to this embodiment, the cast-in-place concrete 14 (the lining body 20) overlaps with each other in the adjacent shield tunnels 4.

Other configurations are the same as those shown in the above embodiments.

In addition, in order to form the tunnel structure 2 in the present embodiment, similarly to the above, the leading shield tunnel 4 is formed.
After the preceding construction of A, 4A, ..., the following shield tunnels 4B, 4B, ... are constructed between the preceding shield tunnels 4A while cutting a part of the cast-in-place concrete 14 of the preceding shield tunnel 4A. I just need to go.

The shield tunnels 4, 4, ... according to the present invention may be formed by the cast-in-place lining method as described above,
It may be formed by another lining method. Or even more
For example, of the shield tunnels 4,4, ..., only the preceding shield tunnels 4A, 4A, ... are formed by the segment lining method,
Different shield construction methods may be used in combination, such as forming the trailing shield tunnels 4B, 4B, ... by a cast-in-place lining method. In any case, the shield tunnels 4, 4,... Are integrated by partly overlapping the lining body 20 of the shield tunnel 4 formed adjacent thereto, thereby forming a strong tunnel structure. The body 2 can be realized.

Further, in the tunnel structure 2 shown in FIG. 10, even if the hardened filler 9 (not shown) is solidly filled in the inner space of the lining body 20 constituting the shield tunnel 4 as described above. Of course.

In each of the above embodiments, both the tunnels 1 and 1 '(tunnel structure 2) have been described as having a circular cross section. However, the large cross section tunnel according to the present invention is not limited to a circular cross section. Of course, it is also possible to form a horseshoe, a semicircle, or other cross-sectional shapes. In this case, the formation position (overlapping position) of each of the shield tunnels 4, 4,... To be connected may be determined so that the tunnel structure 2 formed by the shield tunnels 4 has a predetermined cross-sectional shape.

Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the tunnel structure 2 is described as having a configuration in which the tunnel structure is closed in a cylindrical shape in a vertical cross section. Only a part (the upper half in the illustrated example) of the space 3 may be constituted by the tunnel structure 2. In that case, the bottom of the tunnel (invert part)
Then, the concrete 12 may be cast, and the concrete 12 may be reinforced with a lock bolt (not shown).

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the large-section tunnel according to the first aspect, since the tunnel structure is constituted by a large number of shield tunnels having small diameters, a tunnel space having a large section can be reliably formed. Moreover, the shield tunnels that are continuously formed to form the tunnel structure are integrated by overlapping the linings that form the shield tunnels, thereby making the tunnel structure extremely strong and It can be excellent in water blocking. Furthermore, since the tunnel structure is constituted by a shield tunnel as described above, it can be applied to all grounds to which the shield method can be applied, and furthermore, the shield machine to be used can be extremely small. In addition, the cost of the shield machine can be significantly reduced.
For this reason, efficient construction can be achieved using a plurality of shield machines.

Further, according to the large-section tunnel according to the second aspect, the rigidity of the tunnel structure in the large-section tunnel according to the first aspect can be further improved, so that a stronger large-section tunnel can be realized. .

According to the method for constructing a large-section tunnel according to the third aspect, the large-section tunnel according to the first aspect can be reliably and efficiently realized. Furthermore, since the tunnel structure is constructed ahead of the tunnel space, the excavation site can be stabilized in advance before the tunnel space is excavated, and a large section can be easily and efficiently excavated without using a support or the like. can do.

The large-section tunnel according to the second aspect can be realized by the construction method described in the fourth aspect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing an embodiment of a large-section tunnel according to claim 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial front sectional view showing a tunnel structure according to the present embodiment, and FIGS. 7 illustrates a method of constructing a tunnel structure according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing a construction state of a shield tunnel constituting a tunnel structure, FIG. 8 is a front large section showing an embodiment of a large section tunnel according to claim 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a tunnel structure. Partial front large cross section showing another configuration example of the body,
FIG. 10 is a partial front sectional view showing another configuration example of the tunnel structure, and FIG. 11 is a partial front sectional view showing another configuration example of the large-section tunnel. G: Mt. Chiyama, 1,1 ': Large tunnel, 2: Tunnel structure, 3: Tunnel space, 4: Shield tunnel, 4A: Shield tunnel, 4B: Shield tunnel, 9 ... hardened filler, 10 ... shield machine, 20 ... lining body.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kiharu Miyake 2-16-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Atsushi Denda 2-161 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Shimizu (56) References JP-A-2-144499 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 13/02 E21D 9/00 E21D 9/06 301

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A tunnel having a large cross section comprising: a tunnel structure formed in an arched or cylindrical shape and forming an internal space against the earth pressure of the ground; and a tunnel space formed inside the tunnel structure. The tunnel structure is formed of a number of shield tunnels formed in the longitudinal direction of a tunnel to be constructed and adjacent to each other, and one of the two shield tunnels formed adjacent to each other. A part of the lining body is cut, and the lining body of the other shield tunnel is formed and positioned here, so that these shield tunnels are overlapped and integrated with each other. Cross section tunnel. 2. The large-section tunnel according to claim 1,
A large-section tunnel, wherein a hardened filler is solidly filled inside the lining body. 3. An arched or tubular tunnel structure is pre-constructed by connecting a large number of shield tunnels in the ground in the radial direction, and then a portion of the ground surrounded by the tunnel structure is removed. A method for constructing a large-section tunnel constructed by excavating, wherein the shield tunnel includes a first tunnel for excavating a shield machine.
And a second step of lining a wall surface of the excavation hole formed by the shield machine. The tunnel structure is constructed by precedingly constructing every other shield tunnel, It is constructed by forming a trailing shield tunnel between tunnels, and the first step of the trailing shield tunnel is:
A method for constructing a large-section tunnel, characterized in that a part of a lining body of the preceding shield tunnel is cut together with a ground. 4. A method for constructing a tunnel having a large cross section according to claim 3, wherein a first step of excavating a shield machine in the shield tunnel and a second step of lining a wall surface of an excavation hole formed by the shield machine. And a third step of filling the inside of the lining body with a hardening filler.