JPH0548840B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for constructing a concrete lining underground and a segment containing coarse aggregate used in constructing the concrete lining.

(Prior art and its problems) Conventionally, when constructing a horizontal shaft or a vertical shaft underground, for example, as shown in FIG. Inside, for example, segments 102 made of steel or concrete are assembled and formed into a cylindrical shape.
The reaction force of the thrust of 03 is taken, the front face of the shield machine 100 is excavated, and the shield machine 100 is moved forward while discharging shear.

Then, a gap (tail void) 104 between the segment and the excavation shaft is filled with a backfill injection material, for example, through a grout hole 105 provided in advance in the segment.

However, in this method, the manufacturing cost of the segments is high and the weight of the segments is large, making it difficult to transport and assemble them from the ground into the shield cylinder.

In addition, the segment is divided into several pieces, so
There was also water leakage from the joints of the segments, which could impede the original purpose of the shaft, such as power communications or underground railroads.

Therefore, there is another conventional example that improves the above-mentioned drawbacks, but in this example, as shown in FIG. 202 is arranged. And this annular body 202
is connected to an adjustment jack 203 fixed to the shield machine 200, passes through this annular body 202, and pours concrete between the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical segment 203 and the inner peripheral surface of the excavated horizontal shaft. The structure is such that a concrete pressure feeding pipe 206 is arranged for this purpose.

In this configuration, as the shield machine 200 excavates, ready-mixed concrete is pumped from the pressure pipe 206 into the space 205 between the horizontal shaft 204 and the segment 203 excavated by the shield machine 200, completely filling the space 205, In this way, a cylindrical concrete lined body 207 is formed, and a horizontal shaft is constructed.

However, in this method, because the space 205 is narrow, reinforcing materials such as reinforcing bars cannot be placed or only a small amount can be placed, and when underground forces act on this cylindrical concrete lining, it cannot respond. There is a risk of destruction. Furthermore, in order to counter this, special steel fibers, etc. are sometimes mixed into the same pressure-fed concrete, but these steel fibers, etc. are expensive.
Moreover, the fiber-containing concrete has a problem in that it has low strength and is disadvantageous in terms of strength on soft ground.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention is intended to solve these problems, and its purpose is to provide a suitable reinforcing material for lining vertical shafts, side shafts, etc. underground. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing a concrete lining using coarse aggregate-containing segments that can be used freely, and to provide the coarse aggregate-containing segments.

That is, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention assembles coarse aggregate-containing segments into the required shape in a mine formed underground, and assembles this assembly and the formwork disposed therein (inside the filling part). It is characterized by the fact that a concrete lining is constructed underground by injecting filler into the concrete (called a concrete lining) using an injection means such as mortar.

Further, the coarse aggregate-containing segment is provided with a reinforcing material in the frame body, coarse aggregate is placed inside, and a mesh body is provided in the frame body for preventing and reinforcing the coarse aggregate, The gist of the present invention is that a filler is filled in a formwork disposed with the frame body.

(Function) In a mine formed underground, a coarse aggregate-containing segment assembled in a shield cylinder is formed into a frame shape, for example, by a pair of end plates and side plates, and the coarse aggregate-containing segment has coarse aggregates on its inner and outer surfaces. A mesh body is attached to prevent aggregate from falling off and also serves as a reinforcing material, and if necessary, reinforcing materials such as reinforcing bars or steel wires are placed between the segments containing coarse aggregate and the installed formwork. At the same time, a concrete lining body for tunnel lining is constructed by filling it with a filler such as mortar.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a shield. This shield 1 is made of a steel plate or the like, has a cylindrical shape, and has a partition wall 2a formed in the front part. It includes a cylinder 2 and a shield jack 3 that propels the shield 1. A cutter rotating shaft 5 is provided through a bearing 4 provided in the substantially central part of the partition wall 2a, and a rotating cutter 6 for excavating a face is mounted at the front end of the cutter rotating shaft 5. It is provided so that it can rotate freely in reverse. In addition, the cutter rotation shaft 5
Although not particularly shown, the rear side of the cutter is connected to a drive motor via a rotation transmission mechanism consisting of a rack, a pinion, etc., and thereby the cutter rotation shaft 5 and, in turn, the rotary cutter 6 are rotationally driven.

Further, 2b is a rear shield cylinder behind the shield cylinder 2, and 7 is a front end connected to the lower part of the partition wall 2a.
For example, this is an earth removal device consisting of a screw conveyor or the like, and the earth and sand at the face cut by the rotary cutter 6 is discharged from the face chamber 8 to the inside of the mine via the earth removal device 7 as the shield 1 advances.

Furthermore, 9 is a cylindrical formwork that is successively added as the shield 1 advances, and 10 is a reaction force receiver of the shield jack 3 provided at the front end of the formwork 9.
Moreover, 11A is a cylindrical concrete lining body provided between the inner circumferential side of the shaft and the outer circumferential side of the formwork 9, and this concrete lining body 11A is a concrete lining body 11A, which will be described in detail later in the segment 11 with ribbed material. It is mainly composed of That is, coarse aggregate-containing segment 11
is a pre-stage member that becomes the concrete lining body 11A, and is assembled at the inner part of the shield rear cylinder 2b, and an injection pipe for injecting filler is inserted through the formwork 9 into this segment 11 containing coarse aggregate. Filling material such as mortar is injected through 12. Reference numeral 13 denotes a cylindrical annular partition plate provided in front of the coarse aggregate-containing segment 11, and this partition plate 13 connects the inner surface of the shield rear cylinder 2b and the outside of the formwork 9 to prevent the injected filler from leaking. For example, by attaching a seal 14 or the like between the side surface and the side surface, a watertight structure is established. In addition, spacers 15 are appropriately provided inside the shield rear cylinder 2b and between the coarse aggregate-containing segment 11 and the formwork 9 to maintain the distance between them. Furthermore, an appropriate number of telescopic adjustment jacks 1 are provided between the front of the partition plate 13 and the partition wall 2a.
6 is provided, and this adjustment jack 16 extends to properly hold the partition plate 13 as the shield 1 advances.

In addition, 12a in FIG. 1 is a valve for opening/closing a pipe provided in the injection pipe 12, and 12b is a pipe for injecting a filler that is detachable from the injection pipe 12. Also, G
is the ground.

FIG. 2A shows the structure of the segment 11 containing coarse aggregate. This segment 11 containing coarse aggregate has a bow shape when viewed from the front and is made of steel or the like.
and a pair of end plates 1 which are spaced apart from each other and arranged opposite to each other.
7 and side plates 18 provided at the ends of these end plates 17 and connecting the opposing end plates 17 constitute a substantially rectangular frame body having appropriate strength. In addition, reinforcing materials consisting of vertical reinforcing bars 19 and horizontal reinforcing bars 20 are provided in a substantially lattice shape in the vertical and horizontal directions of the space inside the frame, and the interior is filled with coarse aggregate 21 such as gravel. ing. This coarse aggregate 21 is filled in a factory or a construction site. Furthermore, a net-like body 22 such as a fine wire mesh is provided on the outer surface of the frame to prevent the coarse aggregate 21 from falling off. After putting coarse aggregate 21 on the inner surface of the frame, a net-like body 22 is similarly provided. In this case, the wire mesh is bound to the horizontal reinforcing bars 20 using, for example, thin iron wire so as not to be deformed by the weight of the coarse aggregate 21, and also contributes to improving the strength of the frame. The arcuate horizontal reinforcing bars 20 are arranged parallel to the end plate 17, and the vertical reinforcing bars 19 are arranged in contact with the horizontal reinforcing bars 20 and parallel to the side plates 18.
0 is attached to the inner wall of the side plate 18, and the vertical reinforcing bar 19 is attached to the end plate 17.
are fixed to the inner wall of each. In addition, vertical reinforcing bars 19, 19 and horizontal reinforcing bars 20, 2 that are spaced apart from each other and facing each other.
A spacing material 23 is provided at an appropriate position between the 0 and 0 spaces to maintain the spacing between them as necessary and also to serve as reinforcement.

Therefore, in the case of this embodiment, the horizontal reinforcing bars 20 constitute the main reinforcing bars for maintaining underground earth pressure and water pressure, and the vertical reinforcing bars 19 maintain the strength in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. It is preferable that both the vertical reinforcing bars 19 are made of double reinforcing bars in two or several stages, for example, because the resistance against earth pressure, water pressure, etc. is increased.

Further, on the outside of one side plate 18 of the coarse aggregate-containing segment 11, an appropriate number of approximately U-shaped joint platers 24 are provided at appropriate locations. In this case, the joint plates 24 are arranged in two stages, but may be arranged in one stage if the design permits. Further, in the illustrated embodiment, an appropriate number of holes 25 are provided between the two stages of joint plates 24 for easily filling with a filler such as mortar, which will be described later. Note that the other side plate 18 has 2 holes as shown in FIG.
A large joint plate insertion hole 24a is provided at the step.
Further, for example, a slightly smaller hole 25 is formed between them.

Segment 1 containing coarse aggregate configured as above
1 is added sequentially as the shield 1 advances, as shown in FIG. It will be done.

That is, a vertical joint box 28 having a margin for turning a nut 27 is provided on the end plate 17 located on the face side of the segment 11 containing coarse aggregate. Further, the above-mentioned nut 27 is attached to the front end located on the face side of the vertical joint rod 26, and the male screw 2 is attached to the rear end.
9 is provided protrudingly, and a female screw 2 is provided inside the nut 27.
7a is provided. This vertical joint rod 26
are arranged so as to pass through the pair of end plates 17 in appropriate numbers.
Then, the coarse aggregate-containing segment 11 to be assembled is brought into contact with the already assembled coarse aggregate-containing segment, and the male screw 29 of the vertical joint rod 26 is connected to the nut 27 of the already assembled coarse aggregate-containing segment.
By inserting and rotating the coarse aggregate-containing segments 11, the longitudinal direction of the segments 11 can be jointed to each other.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which an assembly A of the required shape is assembled using coarse aggregate-filled segments 11, and this assembly A consists of the coarse aggregate-filled segments 11 and assembly A completed. Adjacent segment 11b with coarse aggregate incorporated in the final process,
It is composed of three types: a key-shaped segment 11a containing coarse aggregate that is assembled between adjacent segments 11b and 11b to complete the assembly A.

That is, for example, in an assembly A such as a cylinder,
Coarse aggregate filled segments 11 arranged in a cylindrical ring shape
When connecting the two segments, as already shown in FIG.
The coarse aggregate-containing segment 11 is assembled into an annular shape by inserting it into the joint plate insertion hole 24a of No. 8 and driving a wedge 30 into the hole 24b of the joint plate 24 as shown in the lower part of FIG. go. And the key type segment 11a
When assembling, first, one end of the adjacent segment 11b is securely connected to the coarse aggregate-containing segment 11 using the wedge 30 as described above. Then, the key-shaped segment 11a is finally incorporated into the space between the other ends of the adjacent segments 11b, 11b.
In this case, projecting plates 31 having a plurality of holes for driving wedges are provided on the outer sides of both ends of the key-shaped segment 11a, respectively, and are joined to the ends of the diagonal side plates 32 of the adjacent segment 11b. This key-shaped segment 11a is fitted into the space between adjacent segments 11b. After that, key type segment 1
An inner plate 34 in which a wedge driving hole 33 is formed so as to straddle the adjacent diagonal side plates 32 of the adjacent segment 1a and the adjacent segment 11b is provided inside the joint portion between the adjacent segment 11b and the key-shaped segment 11a. Next, on the key-shaped segment 11a side, there is a diagonal wedge 3 extending from the inner plate 34 to the overhanging plate 31.
Hit 4'. On the other hand, on the adjacent segment 11b side, a wedge 35 is driven from the inner plate 34 so as to contact the diagonal side plate 32 of the adjacent segment 11b,
The key-shaped segment 11a is connected to each adjacent segment 11b by engaging the tip of this wedge with a hole in an engaging portion 35' provided in a protruding position at an appropriate position on the diagonal side plate 32.
11b, and by repeating this procedure as appropriate, the cylindrical annular assembly A can be assembled.

Next, a method of constructing a concrete lined body using the shield 1 of the present invention will be explained.

In FIG. 1, 11-1 is the N-1st segment 11 containing coarse aggregate, which has already been filled with mortar m inside the mold, and 11-2 is a set of segments 11 containing coarse aggregate that have already been assembled. It is three-dimensional, and a formwork 9 is assembled inside it.
The coarse aggregate-containing segment 11 closest to the face is not yet filled with mortar m.

Thus, the shield 1 moves forward by extending the shield jack 3.

That is, the shield 1 receives a reaction force from the formwork 9 and is dug as the shield jack 3 extends. Then, after the shield jack 3 is extended and the shield cylinder 2 is advanced enough to assemble the coarse aggregate-containing segment 11, the Nth coarse aggregate-containing segment 11-2 is moved forward by an erector or the like (not shown). Assemble. After the Nth coarse aggregate-filled segment 11-2 is assembled into a cylindrical ring shape, a formwork 9 having an injection pipe 12 equipped with a valve 12a that can be opened and closed is attached to the coarse aggregate-filled segment 1.
Assemble inside 1-2. Thereafter, the reaction force of the propulsive force of the shield 1 is applied to the cylindrical formwork 9, and the shield 1 starts digging again.

As shown in FIG. 4, the shield 1 moves forward due to the extension of the shield jack 3, and the valve 12a is opened from the injection pipe 12 installed in advance, and a filler such as mortar m is filled under pressure from the injection pipe 12b side. The mortar m is injected into and around each segment 11 containing coarse aggregate, but when the mortar is injected and pressurized, the air in the formwork 9 is compressed, so a hole is formed in the partition plate 13 as a loophole. There are no air holes that can be opened and closed. Note that as the shield jack 3 expands, the adjustment jack 16 also expands to hold the partition plate 13.

When the end of the shield rear cylinder 2b is between the Nth coarse aggregate-containing segment 11-2 and the ground, the mold 9 is already filled with mortar m. and,
When the shield 1 moves forward, the tail void b is also filled and pressurized from between the rope bodies 22 through the gaps of the coarse aggregate 21 before the ground sinks, so the ground G does not sink.

Once the shield 1 has been propelled enough to assemble the next coarse aggregate segment 11, close the valve 12a;
Remove the injection tube 12b. In addition, the coarse aggregate-containing segment 11 has already been injected and filled with mortar m.
It is preferable to remove the rearmost formwork when the mortar m around it is hardened and the formwork 9 is able to absorb the reaction force, and to transport this formwork forward and use it again.

In this way, as the shield rear cylinder 2b moves forward, the assembled coarse aggregate-filled segments 11
By press-filling mortar m into the formwork and solidifying it, it is possible to construct a lined tunnel that can sufficiently withstand the earth pressure and water pressure of the ground.

In this embodiment, structural reinforcing bars are appropriately placed in the coarse aggregate-containing segment 11, but in other embodiments, structural reinforcing bars are not arranged and, for example, sufficient structural strength is achieved. Of course, it is also possible to use reinforcing bars, iron wires, steel wires, etc. and arrange them in a net shape to serve as a wire mesh for holding the coarse aggregate, and to provide it on both the inner and outer surfaces of the coarse aggregate-containing segment 11. It is.

Furthermore, the present invention does not necessarily have to be constructed using the shield construction method as a tunnel formed underground, but can be replaced with the NATM construction method, which is also used in mountain tunnels. It can also be used in lining methods.

Furthermore, the present invention can be fully utilized not only for side shafts but also for lining vertical shafts.

Furthermore, it goes without saying that the cross-section of the pit formed underground is not limited to a circular shape, but is not limited to a particular cross-sectional shape such as an oval, a square, a horseshoe, and a so-called roof shield. It can also be used for arc-shaped shield construction methods such as.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, coarse aggregate-containing segments are assembled in the required shape in a mine formed underground, a formwork is provided in this assembly, and the coarse aggregate-containing segments are The concrete lining is constructed by press-fitting filler into the segments and formwork, and in the case of segments containing coarse aggregate, reinforcing material is provided in the pores and coarse aggregate is placed inside. ,
In addition, since the frame is provided with a net-like body for preventing and reinforcing the coarse aggregate from falling out, and the frame is filled with filler, (a) compared to the conventional segments made of concrete blocks, Since the segments are mainly made of coarse aggregate, they are light in weight and easy to assemble.

(a) The conventional concrete segments mentioned above require large-scale factory equipment to manufacture, and are therefore expensive; however, the segment containing coarse aggregate according to the present invention requires particularly large-scale equipment. It is not necessary and can be easily made at a construction site, reducing costs.

(c) In cases where reinforcing bars are placed double in the cast-in-place shield in the conventional shield construction method,
It has been difficult to fill concrete to every corner because it is obstructed by reinforcing bars, etc., but according to the present invention, even if the reinforcement is sufficiently arranged in advance and filled with coarse aggregate, the filling will not remove the coarse aggregate. Since the mortar is injected under pressure, it can be filled to every corner of the formwork containing segments containing coarse aggregate, so that a concrete lining with sufficient strength can be formed.

In other words, the difficulty of placing reinforcement due to the narrow benefits of conventional cast-in-place concrete such as the shield method, or the obstruction of concrete pouring due to reinforcement, is completely eliminated, and the amount of reinforcement required in the design can be accurately placed.
Moreover, since it can be easily installed, it is possible to obtain a lining body that can appropriately respond to various soil types and earth pressures.

There are other effects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2A to 2C are explanatory diagrams of the structure of a coarse aggregate-containing segment used in the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an assembly of coarse aggregate-containing segments. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the construction state, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are respectively conventional examples. 1...Shield, 2...Shield tube, 2a...
Partition wall, 2b...Shield rear cylinder, 3...Shield jack, 4...Bearing, 5...Cutter rotating shaft, 6...Rotating cutter, 7...Earth removal device, 8...
...Face chamber, 9...Formwork, 10...Reaction force receiver, 11A
... Concrete lining body, 11 ... Segment containing coarse aggregate, 12 ... Injection pipe, 13 ... Partition plate, 1
4... Seal, 15... Spacer, 16... Adjustment jack, 17... End plate, 18... Side plate, 19...
... Vertical reinforcing bars, 20... Horizontal reinforcing bars, 21... Coarse aggregate, 2
2...Network, 23...Spacer, 24...Joint plate, 25...Hole, 26...Vertical joint rod,
27... Nut, 28... Vertical joint box, 29... Male screw, 30... Wedge, 31... Overhang plate, 32... Diagonal side plate, 33... Hole, 34... Inner plate, 35... ...Wedge, A...Assembly, b...Tail void, m...Filling.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A segment 11 containing coarse aggregate is assembled in a pit formed underground, a formwork 9 is provided in this assembly,
A method for constructing a concrete lining underground, which comprises constructing a concrete lining by press-filling a filler m into the formwork 9 and the coarse aggregate-containing segments 11. 2. A segment containing coarse aggregate, characterized in that coarse aggregate 21 is placed inside a frame body 9, and a mesh body 22 for preventing and reinforcing the coarse aggregate 21 from falling off is provided on the frame body 9. . 3. Claim 2, characterized in that a reinforcing material is provided in the frame 9 together with the coarse aggregate 21.
Coarse aggregate-containing segment as described in section.