JPH0464697A - Construction of tunneling space - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the extent of tunneling efficiency by tunneling natural ground, constructing two advanced galleries at both sides, and installing plural pieces of arched pipe supports in the natural ground lying between these advanced galleries in making them go along a tunneling space section, then tunneling the lower ground. CONSTITUTION:Two advanced galleries 3, 5 are bored in the tunneling direction of a tunnel 1 at both sides of natural ground 2, and a lot of arched pipe supports 6 are installed in space between both these galleries in making them adjoining to each other along a boring form of the tunnel 1. In addition, the supports 6 are connected to each other with a steel pipe of length L1 and a joint 9, and each guide hook 7a is installed at the left side of this pipe 7 at the specified intervals along the axial direction of the pipe. Then, each guide pipe 7b is installed in parallel with a shaft center of the pipe 7 at the right of this pipe 7, while a slit 7c is installed in the side along the shaft center of the pipe 7, and afterward adjacent pipes 7 are connected via the guide pipe 7b and the guide hook 7a. With this constitution, tunneling and timbering construction can be parallelly performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a method for constructing an excavated space suitable for use in constructing large-section tunnels, subway station areas, large underground spaces, and the like.

(b), Conventional technology Conventionally, when excavating a tunnel with low ground strength, excavation near the upper end of the tunnel is preceded by constructing a lining for that part.
A method is used in which excavation is carried out successively downward.

(C) 1. Problems to be solved by the invention However, in this method, since the upper end of the tunnel is excavated first, the working space is inevitably limited, making it difficult to introduce excavating machines, and using manual labor. There are unavoidable disadvantages in relying on excavation. Further, when the tunnel has a large cross-section, it is necessary to finely add and divide the crown to prevent the ground from collapsing, which further increases the above-mentioned disadvantages.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention aims to provide a method for constructing an underground space that can efficiently excavate an excavated space such as a tunnel with a large cross section.

(d) Means for Solving Problem 1, ie, 1 This invention provides two advanced shafts (3, 5) when excavating a ground (2) to construct an excavated space such as a tunnel.
Construct pipe supports (6) on both sides along the excavation space such as the tunnel (1) to be excavated, and arch-shaped pipe supports (6) in the ground to connect the advanced shafts (3, 5) to the cross section of the excavation space. A plurality of pipe supports (6) are laid along the pipe, and the ground (2) below the pipe supports (6) is excavated to form an excavation space.

Further, the present invention provides that, when excavating the ground to construct an excavated space such as a tunnel, one advanced shaft (5) is constructed along the excavated space such as the tunnel (1) to be excavated, From the face (1a) on the opposite side of the advanced shaft (5) into the ground,
The advanced shaft (5
), lay multiple pipe supports (6) in an arch shape along the cross section of the excavation space, and excavate the ground (2) below the pipe supports (6) that have been laid. It is constructed to form a space.

In addition, the present invention constructs three advanced shafts (3, 5, 17) on both sides and above the excavation space to be excavated when excavating the earth (2) and constructing the excavation space. Then, arch-shaped pipe supports (
6) are laid along the cross section of the excavated space, and the ground (2) below the laid pipe supports is excavated to form the excavated space.

Note that numbers in parentheses are for convenience to indicate corresponding elements in the drawings, and therefore, this description is not limited to the descriptions in the drawings. r(e) below,
The same applies to the column "Effect".

(e) 0 effect With the above-described configuration, the present invention has an advanced shaft (3°5.17
) side, pipe shoring (6) is laid, and the face (1a)
From the side, look at the ground (
2) acts so that it is excavated.

Furthermore, the present invention operates so that the pipe support (6) is constructed from one end of the face (1a) toward the other advanced shaft (5).

(f), Example Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a tunnel excavation site to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the pipe support section of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the pipe support section of Fig. 2. The figure is a sectional view taken along the line IV--IV in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another construction example of pipe shoring.

6 to 9 are diagrams showing an example of a tunnel excavation method using the present invention, FIG. 10 is a plan view of a tunnel excavation site to which another embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a tunnel excavation method using the present invention. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a tunnel excavation site to which another embodiment of the present invention is applied.

At the excavation site of tunnel 1, as shown in Figure 1, advanced shafts 3.5 are excavated on both sides of the ground 2 where tunnel 1 is planned to be excavated. It is formed along the excavation direction and perpendicular to the plane of the paper in the figure. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, between the advanced shafts 3 and 5, a pipe support 6 is formed in an arch shape along the excavated shape of the tunnel. As shown, a large number of tunnels are laid adjacent to each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction of arrow A, which is the tunnel excavation direction.

Each pipe support 6 is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4,
A plurality of steel pipes 7 having a circular cross section and a length Ll are connected in series through a joint 9, and a guide hook 7a is attached to the left side of each steel pipe 7 in FIG. are implanted at predetermined intervals along the axial direction of the

A guide pipe 7b is provided on the right side of the steel pipe 7 in FIG. has been done. The guide hook 7a of the steel pipe 7B laid adjacent to the steel pipe 7A is fitted into the slit 7C of the guide pipe 7b of the steel pipe 7A on the left side of FIG. The guide hook 7a of the steel pipe 7I laid adjacent to the steel pipe 7B is fitted into the slit 7C of the pipe 7b, and the adjacent steel pipes 7 are sequentially inserted through the guide pipe 7b and the guide hook 7a. connected.

The excavation site of tunnel 1 has the above configuration, so when excavating the tunnel, first,
As shown in the figure, from the advanced shaft 3 on the left side of the figure, the excavation bit lla is rotated along the uppermost pipe support 6 in Figure 2 among the pipe supports 6 that have already been laid. The movably mounted excavator 11 is launched toward the opposing advanced mine 5. At this time, the excavator 11 has approximately the same diameter and length as the steel pipe 7, and one steel pipe 7 having a length Ll is connected to the rear of the excavator 11 via a joint 9. put.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 6, while pressing the rear end of the steel pipe 7 in the direction of arrow B,
The excavator 11 is advanced in an arch shape along the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel that has not yet been excavated by rotating la.
As shown in FIG. 4, the steel pipe 7 is attached to a guide hook 7.
a is connected to the guide pipe 7b of the steel pipe 7 of the pipe shoring 6 shown in the lower part of FIG. 7 is guided by the existing pipe support 6 and smoothly moves in the direction of the advanced shaft 5 facing in an arch shape, as shown in FIG.

Note that when the excavator 11 has traveled a predetermined distance L1, a new steel pipe 7 is further connected to the rear of the steel pipe 7 via a joint 9. In this way, as shown in Figure 7,
When the excavator 11 at the tip reaches the opposing advanced shaft 5, when the excavator 11 is removed from the steel pipe 7, a new pipe support 6 made of the steel pipe 7 has been laid in the ground 2. becomes. Note that when the excavator 11 excavates.

The excavator 11 is also equipped with a guide hook similar to the steel pipe 7, and the guide pipe 7b of the existing adjacent pipe support 6 is installed.
Of course, it is also possible to use it as a guide rail during excavation.Furthermore, as shown in FIG. It is also possible to connect it to the guide hook 73 of the steel pipe 7 and tow the other end with a winch installed in the advanced shaft 5 to support the excavation operation of the excavator 11.

Once one pipe support 6 has been laid in this way, a new pipe support 6 is further laid by the excavator 11 above the pipe support 6 that was laid this time in FIG.

When a predetermined number of shoring structures 6 have been laid, as shown in FIG. 8, side wall concrete 13.13 is placed at the bottom of the newly laid shoring structures 6 to complete the construction of the shoring structures. At this time, in order to reinforce the surrounding ground 2, it is also possible to inject a ground improvement agent or the like into the surrounding ground 2 from inside the pipe support 6 that has been completely laid. Furthermore, it is also possible to improve the strength of the shoring 6 itself by filling the m-pipe 7 with concrete or installing reinforcing members.

In this way, when the pipe support 6 supporting the ground 2 has been constructed together with the side wall concrete 13, as shown in FIG. This is done from the side using heavy equipment, but at this time, the ground 2 is already supported by the pipe support 6, so even if the ground inside the support 6 is excavated extensively using heavy equipment, etc. The tunnel 1 can be excavated smoothly and quickly without deformation of the mountain 2 or collapse of the tunnel.

In addition, in parallel with the excavation of the tunnel 1, on the advanced shaft 3.5 side, a new pipe support 6 is being laid on the ground 2 using the aforementioned excavator 11, and the tunnel 1 is being excavated. The excavation operation from the face 1a side and the shoring operation from the advanced shaft 3.5 side are performed simultaneously and efficiently. Face 1a corresponding to the constructed part of pipe support 6
When the excavation of 13 is completed, as shown in Fig.
, and complete the construction of that part of the tunnel.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, as shown in FIG. Depending on the condition of the mountain 2, as shown in FIG. 5, it is of course possible to construct the tunnel so that it is laid at a predetermined interval L2 in the tunnel excavation direction. In this case, in order to prevent the collapse of the ground 2 between the adjacent supports 6.6, the surrounding ground 2 is reinforced by injecting a ground improvement agent 15 or the like as necessary.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the pipe support 6 is used.

As shown in Fig. 2, we have described the case where the pipe support 6 is laid in a direction perpendicular to the tunnel excavation direction (six arrow directions), that is, parallel to the tunnel cross-sectional direction. It is not limited to the direction parallel to the cross-sectional direction, but it is also possible to lay the tunnel in a direction inclined at an angle θ with respect to the cross-sectional direction of the tunnel, as shown in FIG. 10, for example. When using this method, when laying the pipe support 6,
Since the starting position of the excavator 11 can be directed diagonally upward in the figure from the leftmost part of the face 18 in the figure, the advanced shaft 5 can be moved to the side opposite to the part of the face 18 from which the excavator 11 started.
That is, since it is necessary to provide only the right side in FIG. 10, which is the side where the excavator 11 reaches, extremely economical construction is possible.

Further, in addition to the above-mentioned advanced shafts, for example, as shown in FIG.
When the pipe support 6 is laid between the advanced pits 3.17 and 17.5, the distance to be excavated by the excavator 11 each time is shortened, so the work of laying the pipe support 6 by the excavator 11 is facilitated. And it can be performed with high precision.

Furthermore, although the above-mentioned embodiment describes a case in which the present invention is applied to tunnel excavation, the present invention is not limited to tunnel excavation, but can be applied to any case where it is necessary to excavate a space with a large cross section in the ground. It can be applied to various cases such as construction of subway stations and underground spaces.

Further, the steel pipe 7 constituting the pipe support 6 may have a circular cross section or any other shape such as a rectangular cross section.

(g) 0 Detailed Description of the Invention According to the present invention, two advanced shafts 3.
5 are constructed on both sides along the excavation space such as the tunnel 1 to be excavated, and pipe supports 6 are arranged in an arch shape in the ground 2 along the cross section of the excavation space to connect these advanced shafts 3.5. The structure is such that a plurality of pipe supports 6 are laid in a shape, and the ground 2 under the laid pipe supports 6 is excavated to form an excavation space. Since it is in a state where it is supported by, there is no risk of cave-ins even when excavating with heavy equipment, and the excavation work can be carried out efficiently. Furthermore, since the work of laying the pipe support 6 is done on the advanced shaft 3.5 side and the work of excavating the ground is done on the face side, conventionally they have been done alternately.

It becomes possible to perform the excavation work of the face and the construction work of the shoring at the same time, making it possible to construct the excavated space efficiently.

Furthermore, when excavating the ground to construct an excavated space such as a tunnel, one advanced shape 5 is constructed along the excavated space such as the tunnel 1 to be excavated, and the advanced shape 5 is constructed on the opposite side of the advanced shape 5. A plurality of pipe supports 6 are laid in the ground from the face 18 part in an arch shape along the cross section of the excavation space, diagonally with respect to the excavation direction of the excavation space, toward the advanced shape 5. If the ground 2 at the bottom of the pipe support 6 is excavated to form an excavation space, in addition to the above-mentioned effects, it becomes possible to excavate the excavation space with one advanced structure 5, which is extremely economical. construction becomes possible.

In addition, when excavating the ground and constructing an excavation space, three advanced shapes 3.5.17 are constructed on both sides and above the excavation space to be excavated, and the Sowara advanced shape 3.17 and 17.
Pipe shoring in an arch shape in the ground connecting between 5 and 6
If a plurality of pipes are laid along the cross-section of the excavated space, and the ground 2 below the pipe shoring that has been gently laid is excavated to form the excavated space, the distance excavated at one time by the excavator 11 is Since the length can be shortened, the pipe support 6 can be easily laid with high precision.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a tunnel excavation site to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the pipe shoring part in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the first line IV-IV, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing another example of pipe shoring construction. 6 to 9 are diagrams showing an example of a tunnel excavation method using the present invention. FIG. 10 is a plan view of a tunnel excavation site to which another embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a tunnel excavation site to which another embodiment of the present invention is applied. Fig. 4 1...Excavation space (tunnel) 1a...Face 2...Ground 3.5.17...Advanced state 6...Pipe support Engineering Figure 5 Ro Ganto Mitsui Construction Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Phase 1) Shinji Figure 6 U) Neto

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) When excavating the ground and constructing an excavation space, two advanced pits are constructed on both sides along the excavation space to be excavated, and these advanced pits are connected into the ground. A method for constructing an excavation space in which a plurality of pipe supports are laid in an arch shape along the cross section of the excavation space, and the ground beneath the laid pipe supports is excavated to form an excavation space. . (2) When excavating the ground to construct an excavation space, one advanced pit is constructed along the excavation space to be excavated, and from the face part on the opposite side of the advanced pit into the ground, A plurality of pipe supports are laid in an arch shape along the cross section of the excavation space toward the advanced shaft diagonally with respect to the excavation direction of the excavation space, and the ground beneath the laid pipe supports is A method of constructing an excavation space configured by excavating to form an excavation space. (3) When excavating the ground and constructing an excavation space, three advanced pits are constructed on both sides and above the excavation space to be excavated, and these advanced pits are connected to each other. The excavation space is constructed by laying multiple arch-shaped pipe supports in the mountain along the cross section of the excavation space, and excavating the ground beneath the laid pipe supports to form the excavation space. Construction method.