JP2815098B2 - Container support transport cart - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/NL91/00002 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 3, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 3, 1992 PCT Filed Jan. 4, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO91/09792 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 11, 1991.For picking up and moving containers with corner castings on platforms, railway wagons or ships, two carriages are locked one to each end face of the container. These carriages have sets of wheels, which are vertically movable therein and allow displacement of the carriages in their longitudinal direction. With the wheels of each set at the same height, the carriages are in the lowest position and can be locked by locks in the corner castings of the container. By moving one wheel of each set of each carriage down, the carriage and, if locked thereto, the container are lifted for displacement. Such wheels can bridge gaps between loading surfaces and differences in height between such surfaces. The carriages may also have wheels with a horizontal axis transverse to the other wheels, to allow movement of the carriages with or without a container transversely to their longitudinal direction.

Description

The present invention relates to a trolley for supporting and moving a container,
The trolley comprises a frame, the frame being laterally protruding from the frame near each end, gripping means for gripping the container, and near each end the trolley on these wheels of the trolley. Move lengthwise. The vehicle includes a wheel having a horizontal horizontal axis, and lifting means for lifting and lowering the container gripped by the gripping means of the two trucks, one for each end of the container.

Such a trolley is disclosed in West German Patent Application No. 1,55
The 6,200 bogie is known. In this patent application, the wheels have their shafts fixed to the bogie. The holding means is
A pivotable arm with a lug that engages the lower corner casting of a so-called ISO container or sea freight container, held by lifting means,
The lifting means is configured to move the gripping means up and down with respect to the carriage.

The invention of the patent application provides a simple system for lifting a container a short distance and moving the container from, for example, a pier to a ship deck or a loading platform of a road or rail vehicle.

However, this system cannot cover even very small differences in height between the surfaces. Such a difference in height is caused, for example, by a load, that is, by a degree of compression of a spring of a road vehicle or a railway vehicle.

In order to improve the known truck, the truck of the present invention comprises a structure in which the lifting means has a set of wheels near each end of the truck, the wheels being horizontal in the longitudinal direction of the truck. The wheels are spaced apart and each wheel is raised and lowered by one wheel of each set of two wheels with sufficient force to lift the adjacent portion of the container with the trolley a short distance. A moving means is provided for moving the container in the longitudinal direction of the trolley with the two trolleys mounted on opposite ends of the container.

Therefore, the truck is moved by the opposing sides of the container, the container is gripped by the gripping means, locked by this means, the height of the wheel portions is changed with respect to the frame of these trucks, and the container is moved. It is possible to lift and then move the container connecting the carts,
On the other hand, a set of two wheels, which can be moved manually in the height direction of the frame, for example during the movement of the loading platform and the loading surface of the vehicle, even if there is a horizontal gap and height between these surfaces Even if there is a difference, the container can be operated so that it can move smoothly from one side to the other side.

French Patent Application No. 1,056,947 discloses a container in which, on each of the opposing end faces, a carrier means consisting of three sets of wheels having an axis perpendicular to this end face is fixedly and permanently mounted. One of the wheels of each set is mounted on a swing arm near each side of each carrier means, which swing arm is manually swung down from a high, inactive position to bring the wheels to the end face of the container. Can be projected to a lower position outside. The wheels can be locked in this position and the container can be supported on one side on the transport surface on which the container has to be moved. Wheels mounted on a vertical rod are provided near the wheels on the swing arm. The wheels can be moved up and down a considerable distance, and can lift the container by a considerable height or a small height.
Thus, the container can be supported on wheels and lifted to the desired level, and one of the wheels on the rocking arm can be used for lateral movement, for example with respect to a railcar.

The third set of wheels is located in the center of the carrier means and is movable up and down, to or against the support surface when one of the other sets of wheels must be retracted from the support during movement. To support moving containers.

This known system raises and lowers the wheels because, when locked, the wheels on the swing arm can support a portion of the weight of the container at its lowest position, but have no drive means to raise or lower the container. Complex operations can only be performed to bridge slight differences in height between transport surfaces, wharfs, decks and vehicle platforms.
The rocking arm must be unlocked and moved to a non-projecting position when the container is pinched and stored with other containers, or when transported by a road vehicle or a railroad vehicle.

In a most preferred embodiment of the truck of the present invention, which provides a very simple structure, each set of wheels has a common carrier supported in the frame of the truck, the carriers being horizontal on a vertical plane between the wheels. Can be tilted about a suitable transverse axis, the wheels are rotatably mounted in the carrier so as to be immovable, and the carrier has means for tilting the carrier and holding it in a tilted state. Using a simple controller such as a linear motor, the carrier can be tilted and fixed in position so that one set of wheels is at the same height, or one wheel is higher than the other. it can.

Preferably, the wheels are provided with drive means for actively rotating the container to move it.

The gripping means engages a bottom corner casting of the container at an end wall of the container located along the trolley. For this reason, an inexpensive trolley, a simple and lightweight one can be used. In addition, this gripping means
Since there is no portion protruding from the carriage outside the horizontal dimension of the adjacent surface of the container, the containers can be moved laterally with respect to each other even if there is no space between the containers. Since the trolley can move in its length direction, the trolley can be engaged with the short end face of the container to move the container in a direction perpendicular to the length direction and with the gripping means near each end, It is preferred to provide said retaining structure for a set of wheels. When the container is moved in the length direction of the container connected to the cart, a vertically movable wheel rotating around a horizontal axis perpendicular to the axis of the wheel is provided.
It may be installed on a trolley.

Moving the trolley along each of two opposite sides of the container, causing the gripping means to grip the container, and moving at least one wheel of the trolley at each corner of the container downward relative to the frame of the trolley. Then, the container is lifted and transported, the container connected with the cart is moved, and finally, the wheel moved downward is moved up again to lower the container.

The method for moving a marine cargo container with the truck of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings showing preferred embodiments of the truck of the present invention. The attached drawings are as follows.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the truck of the present invention and a loading and / or unloading platform, showing a marine cargo container being about to be unloaded from a truck to the platform.

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the same type of platform and rail wagon, and opposite platforms and containers and trolleys.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the bogie according to the present invention, in which a center portion is cut away, and a left-side view is different from a right-side view.

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view along the line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along a line VV in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view along the line IV-IV in FIG.

FIGS. 7 and 8 are each a schematic side view of a set of wheels of the truck of the above drawings, showing adjacent portions of the loading surface of a station platform or wharf, for example, a rail wagon in different positions during use.

FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view of a plane parallel to the length direction of the bogie of FIG. 3, and shows only a central portion thereof.

A loading and / or unloading platform 1 is adjacent to the railway track 2 along which a loading and / or unloading platform 3 extends on the other side. These platforms may be provided with strip-shaped reinforcements 4 to support the load of the container and to ensure that the container can move on it.

The carriage 5 is movable along the platforms 1 and 3. The trolley comprises a hollow, horizontal box-shaped frame 6, which is open on the entire bottom surface or open only near both ends and has an opening on the top surface,
A pair of wheels 8 and 9 are housed at each end. The wheels are so wide that the truck can travel without the danger of tipping. In practice, each wheel consists of two narrow wheels facing each other on the same axle, with a space between them, in which space a gear wheel 10 which is rigidly connected to said wheel. Is provided (FIG. 5).

The wheels 8 and 9 are rotatably mounted in a carrier 11 at a horizontal distance from each other (FIGS. 3 and 5),
In the frame 6 of the carriage 5, it can be pivoted about an axis 12 (FIGS. 3 and 6). The piston rod 13 of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is hingedly engaged with each carrier 11 at a portion 15, preferably inside the length of the bogie. The cylinder 14 is fixed to the frame 6,
Since the hinge point must be able to move a little horizontally when the carrier is tilted, the piston rod should be able to move some in the horizontal direction.

The rotary lock 17 having the non-circular head 18
Is provided at each end. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the lock shaft 19 is housed in a sleeve 20 which is partially welded to the box frame 6 and
A wide portion 24 is provided on the side where the 18 is located and protrudes from the frame on the opposite side of the lock head 18. The sleeve 20
Has an axial slit 21 at its upper edge, and this slit 2 has an outer peripheral slit 22 at its end closest to the frame 6.
Is connected to The shaft 19 of the lock comprises a radial recess into which the rod 23 can be fixed or removably inserted.

The shaft 12 is rotatably mounted on the cylindrical frame 6 (FIG. 6), and a hydraulic motor 16 for rotating the shaft 12 is mounted on the outside of one side of the frame. A pinion 28 (FIG. 6) is keyed to the shaft 12 near the central longitudinal plane of the frame 6, said pinion engaging the pinion portion 10 of the corresponding wheel 8 and 9 in the same carrier 11. I have.

When the carrier 11 is in a horizontal position as shown on the left of FIG. 3, the wheels 8 and 9 are at the same level and the frame 6 is at the lowest position. In that case the lock 17 is the container 26
[Standard design as a marine cargo container (Fig. 1, 2
And 4)] at the same height as the so-called corner casting slit 27 at the bottom. When the carrier 11 is tilted by extending or shortening the cylinder 14, one of the wheels 8, 9 attached to the carrier 11 is lower than the other, which means that the carriage 5 is mounted. If the supporting surfaces provided are at the same height, it means that the frame 6 moves to a higher level.

This device operates as follows. That is, the rod 23
To move each lock from the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 4 to the right to the position where the non-circular head 18 is retracted into the wide portion 24 of the sleeve 20 as shown by the dashed line in FIG. 4 (position 18 ′). Move. Next, the carriage 5 is moved from the position shown in FIG. 1 to a position along the short end surface of the marine cargo container 26 (FIG. 1) lowered from the vehicle. If meanwhile, each set of wheels 8,
Assuming that the lock heads 9 are at the same height as shown on the left side of FIG. 3, each lock head 18 is located at a position facing the slit 27 of the corner casting 25 provided at the corner at the bottom of the container. When the lock is slid to the left side in FIG. 4 by operating the rod 23, the lock head 18 projects from the frame 6, penetrates the slit 27 and is inserted into the corner casting 25. Next, the lock head is inserted into the outer peripheral slit 22. It is rotated by moving the rod 23 along. Thus, the carriage 5 is locked to the container by the head 18. The side of the lock head 18 thus rotated is indicated by a chain line 18 ". FIG. 4 shows a state in which the frame 6 is somewhat horizontally separated from the corner casting 25, as described above. The trolley 5 comes into direct contact with the container by locking the container.

Both ends of each of the two carts 5 are locked to the narrow end of the container, and the hydraulic cylinder 14 is shortened or extended, and locked in the shortened or extended state. When the hydraulic cylinder is shortened, the outer wheels 8 move relatively downward, and when extended, the inner wheels 9 move downward. In both cases, the dolly frame 6 is lifted and the container
26 is locked with two trolleys in contact with each end. One wheel 8 depending on the direction to move the container
And on the opposite side the wheels 9 so that the front wheels of each set are lifted in the direction of movement of the container. Activate the hydraulic motor 16 and move the wheel 8
And 9 by driving the container laterally, for example from the platform 1 to the loading surface 2 "of the rail wagon 2 'on the rail 2, or from that rail wagon to the platform, for example opposite the railway track 2 Side platform 3 (FIGS. 1 and 2).
Next, by extending or shortening the cylinder 14, the wheels 8, 9 of each set are again leveled (FIG. 3).
Left), the trolley frame 6 is lowered with the container and the container is placed on a wagon or platform,
Then, the rod 23 is operated to rotate each lock 17 to move the head 18 to the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 4, and then to retract each lock (right in FIG. 4) to remove the lock head 18 from the corner casting 25. The cart 5 is detached from the container and can move freely. If the trolley later needs to be used to move the container further on the platform or rail wagon, the trolley may remain connected to the container. When moving on a rail wagon, this is convenient because the trolley can be used to move the container from the rail wagon at another location.

Moving containers from a ship to a wharf or vice versa is exactly the same as above.

Figures 7 and 8 show the wheel 8 when moving the container to the right.
9 and 9 are shown below. When the container is lifted, the front wheels 8 in the traveling direction are higher than the other wheels 9. When moving the container from the loading surface A to the loading surface B, the two carts connected to the container are moved by the right set of wheels 8 above the loading surface B, and the gap C between the loading surfaces is changed. Move until the wheel passes. Then, the carrier 11 of these wheels is tilted until the wheels 8 land on the loading surface B, that is, from the position shown by the dashed line in FIGS. 7 and 8 to the position shown by the solid line. The carrier 11 is then tilted a little further back until the wheels 9 are lifted away from the loading surface A. In this state, the container can be moved to the loading surface B together with the truck. Wagon loading surface 2 "with no load when container is moving from platform to rail wagon
Is usually slightly higher than the platform,
In the loaded state, the spring is slightly compressed,
The loading surface will eventually be about the same height as the platform or slightly lower than the platform.

The other set of wheels of the same trolley 5 is moved in the same manner, but in this case the wheels 9 are lifted, the wheels are lowered and landed on the loading surface B, while the other wheels 8
From the loading surface A.

Since the wheels 8, 9 of each set pass at the same height, the container may have its bottom edge touching the higher of two adjacent loading surfaces. But this is not a problem at all. This is because, if the container connecting the carts gets stuck, tilting the wheels prevents damage to the platform, loading surface or container. However, if one wishes to prevent this edge contact, only one wheel can be moved downward at a time (FIG. 7).
And 8), the majority of the weight of the container should be moved above loading surface B, and then the same opposite wheel (8 in FIGS. 7 and 8) should be moved downward. Good. At this time, the container is temporarily supported at three points. The above contact between the loading surface and the container
Can be prevented by mounting it so that it can move vertically in the trolley, but in most cases this
The device is unnecessarily complicated.

Near each end of the frame 6, one or two transverse wheels 29 (FIGS. 1, 5 and 6) are provided for moving the container not only laterally but also its length.
Is provided. The wheels are preferably drivable by a hydraulic motor 30 and move up and down with respect to the frame 6 between a raised inactive position and a lowered position protruding below the frame 6 and wheels 8 and 9. It is possible. Many alternative embodiments are possible. For example, those shown on the left and right in FIG. 3 are conceivable. The embodiment on the left in FIG. 3 is clearly shown in FIG. 5 when viewed from the VV section in FIG. On the other hand, the embodiment on the right in FIG. 3 is clearly shown in FIG.

In the embodiment of FIG.
The housing of the motor is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 13 fixed to the frame 6 so as not to rotate. The cylinder 31 has wheels 8 and 9
Even if the wheels 29 are at the same height, as shown on the right of FIG.
By pressing down, the frame 6 can be held at the raised position. By providing two devices of such a structure on each carriage 5, that is, by providing two devices of this structure on each side of the container, a total of four devices, the wheel 29 is pressed down and locked, By operating the motor 30, the container can be moved.

A hydraulic cylinder for pushing down the wheel 29 may be provided in the structure shown in FIG. 6, but this is not shown because it can be omitted. In this example, the wheel 29 is mounted on an arm 32 consisting of, for example, one fork or two parallel arms, and is housed between the teeth of the fork or between the two arms and has a hydraulic motor 30 Are mounted on one of the arms or outside the teeth of the fork. The arm 32 is attached so as to be rotatable around a pivot pin 33 that passes through a bracket attached to the side wall of the frame 6. Due to the tension spring 34, the axle of the wheel 29 is fixed to the frame 6 at the same height as the pivot pin 33.
Connected to 35. The downward rotation of the arm 32 is restricted by a stopper 41 provided on the bracket of the pivot 33, and the arm 32 can be locked at the lower end position by a manually operated lock. Therefore, when in the lower end position, the arm 32
Can absorb large upward forces without moving upwards. The lock 36 allows the arm 32 to be displaced laterally (in the longitudinal direction of the bogie) against the force of a light spring when the arms 32 move downward and come into contact with each other, for example by means of an inclined surface formed in the arm or the lock. Thus, the arm 32 may be able to pass through the lock. The arm 32 is always pressed at its highest position by a spring 34 against a stopper (not shown). When a protruding portion (not shown) on the arm 32 of the wheel 29 is pressed down with, for example, a foot, the arm 29
32 passes through a horizontal position where the spring 34 is maximally stretched and moves further downwards, this time the arm 32
Is pulled toward the lower end position. When the wheels 8 and 9 are located in such a position that the wheel 29 cannot reach the lower end position, the wheel 29 abuts, for example, on the platform 1 or 3. In order to support the truck 5 with the wheels 29, the hydraulic cylinder 14 is operated to raise the frame 6 by one of the wheels 8 or 9 until the wheels 29 move to the lower end position. Lock with lock 36. Next, the difference in height between the wheels 8 and 9 of each set is reduced, and the wheels 8 or 9 supporting the cart 5 are lifted, whereby the cart 5 is supported by the wheels 29. If it is necessary to support the trolley as described above without the trolley 5 connected to the container, it is desirable to mount one or more additional wheels inside the frame 6. In this case, the direction of the axle of this other wheel is matched with that of the wheel 29, and this wheel can be moved up and down, for example, by a hydraulic cylinder. This prevents the carriage from tilting about the longitudinal axis. This is shown in detail in the figure. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a central part of the frame 6 of the bogie, which is omitted in FIG. 3, taken on a vertical plane parallel to the length direction of the bogie. A hydraulic cylinder 37 is mounted upright in the center of the frame 6, the piston rod of which is provided with two freely rotatable wheels 38. These wheels are preferably provided in the center between the vertical side walls of the frame 6 or, if the width between said side walls is sufficient, as close as possible to the side wall in contact with the container to be supported. In both the case where the container is connected and the case where the bogie is not supported by the wheels 29 in FIG.
To push down the wheel 38 to the same extent as the wheel 29. As a result, the trolley is supported on the base at three points that are not in line with each other, i.e., wheels 29 and 38, so that the trolley does not tilt at right angles to its length even without containers.

If the wheels 38 with cylinders 37 can be mounted on both sides at a considerable distance from the center between the side walls of the frame 6, the wheels 29 and their supporting drives shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 can all be omitted. . However, frame 6
Tiltable carriers in these areas away from the center of the
With the 11 and the lock 17, there is usually not enough space in the frame to mount the wheels 37 in this way.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which a rectangular opening 39 is provided on both sides of the central portion near one or both lower ends of the side wall of the frame 6. A rectangular sleeve 40 is mounted in this opening and the sleeve is welded between the side walls. The truck can be moved entirely by the truck by engaging the teeth of a forklift truck with the sleeve. The sleeve 40 may be welded to the bottom of the side wall rather than slightly above the lower edge of the side wall.

Regardless of whether or not a container is connected between the two trucks, the truck is driven by a hydraulic motor 30 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the truck, that is, the length of the container. Can be moved in the vertical direction.
A hydraulic motor drive device may be provided on the wheels 38 as needed.

Means (not shown) for operating a hydraulic motor such as a pump with a storage / buffer tank for a hydraulic medium, a drive motor of this kind, a pipe, an operation switch, etc. are provided inside or outside the frame 6 of each bogie. Can be installed. The drive motor may be a battery-powered electric motor mounted on the trolley, which battery has an electrical connection so that it can be charged at a charging station when the trolley is not in use, for example at night.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B65D 90/12-90/18 B60B 33/00-33/06

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a frame (6),
A gripping means (17, 18) is provided near each end for laterally projecting from the frame for gripping the container, and further moves the cart (5) in the length direction near each end. For this purpose, wheels (8, 9) having a horizontal transverse axis and lifting means for raising and lowering the container gripped by the gripping means (17, 18) of the trolley provided at each end of the container, two in total. (11) The trolley (5) for supporting and moving the container provided with (11,13,14), wherein the lifting means is the trolley (5)
Near each end of the vehicle, the wheels (8,9) are arranged horizontally apart along the length of the bogie, and each wheel (8,9) Drive means for moving each wheel up and down by one wheel of each set of two wheels (8, 9) with sufficient force to lift the adjacent part of the container with the trolley (5) a short distance A trolley, characterized in that the trolley (5) can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the trolley (5) by means of the two trolleys (5) mounted on opposite ends of the container. 2. Each set of wheels 8, 9 comprises a common carrier (11) supported on a trolley frame (6), the carrier being horizontal on a vertical plane between the wheels (8, 9). Can be tilted about a suitable transverse axis (12), in which the wheels are mounted so that they can rotate but cannot move, and further tilt and hold the carrier (11). 2. The truck according to claim 1, further comprising means (13, 14, 15). 3. A truck according to claim 1, wherein the wheels (8, 9) are provided with drive means (10, 16, 28) for positively rotating them. 4. A container holding means 1 (17, 18) is attached to a lower portion of a truck (5), and said holding means is higher than a lowest position of wheels (8, 9) with respect to a frame (6) of the truck (5). 4. The truck according to claim 1, wherein when in position, the truck is adapted to engage a corner casting (25) at the bottom of the end wall of the container located along the truck. 5. The container gripping means (17, 18) is located at a distance equal to the distance between the short side bottom corner castings (25) of the standard container (26) (so-called marine cargo container). The trolley according to claim 4. 6. The holding means (17, 18) can be retracted into the frame (6) of the carriage (5).
5. The cart according to any one of 5. 7. The gripping means (17, 18) is formed by a rotary lock (18) having a non-circular head, such that the lock can slide axially in the frame (6) of the truck (5). The cart according to claim 6, which is provided. 8. The bogie frame (6) in which the lock shank (19) is opposite to the side on which the lock head (18) is located.
Opening (22) projecting therefrom and into which the actuating rod (23) is fixedly engaged or removably insertable
Which allows the lock head (18) to rotate about an axis and the head to be retracted into the bogie frame (6) and to protrude outside the bogie frame (6). 8. The cart according to claim 7, wherein the carriage can be slid between the carts. 9. At least two further wheels (29,38) rotatable about a horizontal axis perpendicular to the axis of said wheels (8,9), said further wheels (29,28) being mounted on a bogie (5) Up and down with respect to the frame (6), that is, at least when these wheels (8, 9) are not at their lowest positions with respect to the frame (6), the bottom side is lower than the bottom side of the wheels. A truck according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein means (31,32,37) for moving between a position and a position higher than the wheels (8,9) are mounted.