JP2788482B2 - Work sectional shape determining method and work sectional shape determining device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for determining a sectional shape of a work in a sawing machine.

(Prior Art) In order to make the cutting conditions appropriate for the cut surface, it is necessary to measure the cut depth, the gullet filling amount, and the back force, which are the three basic cut limit values. The gullet filling amount is determined by cutting depth X cutting length. In order to obtain this cutting length, it is necessary to know the cross-sectional shape.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Conventionally, since the cross-sectional shape of the work cannot be automatically recognized, there are many input items, the operation is complicated, errors easily occur, and this has been a bottleneck in automation. .

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) As described above, the first problem is solved in order to solve the conventional problems.
In the means of (1), when cutting is performed on a workpiece by a driving saw blade, an increasing tendency of a cutting resistance near a cutting start time is detected, and the detected increasing tendency of the cutting resistance is stored in advance. In addition, the tendency of the cutting resistance for a round bar to increase near the start of cutting when cutting a round bar, and the tendency of increasing the cutting resistance for a square bar near the start of cutting when cutting a square bar when stored in advance. It is characterized in that it is determined whether or not the cross-sectional shape of the work is one of a round shape and a square shape by determining whether or not any one of them is close to the increasing tendency of the cutting resistance.

Further, in the second means, when cutting a workpiece by a driving saw blade, a detecting means for detecting an increasing tendency of a cutting resistance near a cutting start time is provided, and a round bar is cut. A first storing means for preliminarily storing the increasing tendency of the cutting resistance for the round bar near the starting point of cutting of the square bar, and storing in advance the increasing tendency of the cutting resistance for the square bar near the starting point of cutting when cutting the square bar. A second storing means that performs the detection, wherein the detected tendency of the increase of the cutting force is any one of the tendency of the previously stored cutting resistance for the round bar and the tendency of the previously stored cutting resistance for the square bar to increase. It is characterized in that a judgment means is provided for judging whether the cross-sectional shape of the work is one of a round shape and a square shape by judging whether or not the cutting resistance is close to the increased resistance.

(Operation) According to the first or second means, when cutting is performed on the workpiece by the driving saw blade, the detecting means detects an increasing tendency of the cutting resistance near the starting point of cutting.
Then, the increasing tendency of the cutting resistance detected by the determining means is the increasing tendency of the cutting resistance for the round bar stored in advance,
It is determined whether or not any of the pre-stored increasing tendency of the cutting force for the square bar approximates the increasing tendency of the cutting force. Accordingly, when the detected tendency of the increase in the cutting force is similar to the tendency of the increase in the cutting force for the round bar, the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece is determined to be round, When it is determined that the increasing tendency is close to the increasing tendency of the cutting resistance for the square bar, it is determined that the cross-sectional shape of the work is a square.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Examples of the sawing machine include a horizontal band sawing machine, a vertical band sawing machine, a circular sawing machine, and a bow sawing machine. In this embodiment, a hinge type horizontal band sawing machine will be described as an example of the sawing machine. .

Referring to FIG. 1, a work W is mounted on a base 3 of a hinge type horizontal band saw 1, and the work W is clamped by a fixed vice 5 and a movable vise 7.

A vertically movable saw blade housing 9 for cutting the workpiece W is provided, and a rotatable drive wheel 11 and a driven wheel 13 are mounted on the saw blade housing 9. A band saw blade T is wound around the driving wheel 11 and the driven wheel 13. The drive wheel 11 has an encoder 15 for detecting the saw speed V for driving the drive wheel 11.
A saw blade motor 15 such as a servo motor provided with A is interlocked and connected.

By driving the saw blade motor 15 with the above configuration, the drive wheel 11 rotates in a certain direction as shown by the arrow, and the band saw blade T travels from left to right.

A bracket 17 is attached to the lower right end of the saw blade housing 9, and the bracket 17 is pivotally supported by hinge pins 19. Thus, the saw blade housing 9 is moved up and down with the hinge pin 19 as a fulcrum. Saw blade housing 9
A rotary encoder 21 is attached to the hinge pin 19 in order to detect an angle S when the is moved up and down.

In order to control the vertical movement of the saw blade housing 9, a hydraulic circuit 23 is provided in the saw blade housing 9. For example, a hydraulic cylinder 27 is provided on the lower right side of the saw blade housing 9 via a piston rod 25 as a cylinder device in the hydraulic circuit 23. One end of a pipe 29 is connected to, for example, a left side wall of the hydraulic cylinder 27, and the other end of the pipe 29 is connected to a hydraulic pump 31. A check valve 33 is provided in the middle of the pipe 29.

A motor 35 for operating the hydraulic pump 31 is linked to the hydraulic pump 31. One end of a pipe 37 is connected to the hydraulic pump 31, and the other end of the pipe 37 is connected to a filter 39. The filter 39 is provided in the tank 41.

One end of a pipe 43 is connected to the right side wall of the hydraulic cylinder 27, and a pressure sensor 45 such as an elastic body type for detecting pressure in a hydraulic chamber 28A in the hydraulic cylinder 27 is connected to the other end of the pipe 43. Is connected. One end of a pipe 49 is connected to a branch point 47 in the middle of the pipe 43.
Is connected to the B port of the 4-port 3-position electromagnetic switching valve 51.

Solenoids SOL ₁ , SO
L ₂ is provided for each. One end of a pipe 53 is connected to the T port of the 4-port 3-position electromagnetic switching valve 51, and the other end of the pipe 53 is connected to the tank 41. Adjustable flow control valve as cutting control means in the middle of pipe 53
55 are provided.

With the above configuration, the motor 35 is driven and the hydraulic pump 31
Is activated, the oil in the tank 41 is filtered and the piping 37
And protruded into the pipe 29. The oil discharged to the pipe 29 is supplied to the hydraulic chamber 27A of the hydraulic cylinder 27 and pushes up the piston rod 25, whereby the saw blade housing 9 is raised around the hinge pin 19 as a fulcrum.

When the motor 35 is stopped and the solenoid SOL ₁ of the 4-port 3-position electromagnetic switching valve 51 is excited, the B port and the T port communicate with each other, and pressure oil flows from the hydraulic chamber 27A of the hydraulic cylinder 27 to the pipe 43. The pressure oil flowing into the pipe 43 is returned to the tank 41 via the pipes 49 and 53 and the flow control valve 55, so that the saw blade housing 9 is lowered by its own weight. At this time, the lowering speed of the saw blade housing 9, that is, the depth of cut is controlled by adjusting the flow control valve 55.

The moving vise 7 is provided with an encoder 57 for detecting the size of the work W, that is, the size.

The encoder 15A, the rotary encoder 21, the pressure sensor 45, the flow control valve 55, and the encoder 57 provided in the saw blade motor 15 have interfaces 59A, 59B, respectively.
It is connected to a central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as a CPU) 63 of a control device 61 via 59C, 59D and 59E.

The CPU 63 is connected to a setting input unit 65 for inputting a preset setting value. The CPU 63 has a clock 67 for measuring a cutting time when the workpiece W is cut.
Is connected. Detected by the saw speed V, angle S, the back component force of the cutting resistance detected by the pressure sensor 45 F _H and the encoder 57 detected by the rotary encoder 21 of the band saw blade T that is detected by the encoder 15A to CPU63 Dimension D of work W
, A first memory 69, a second memory 71, a third memory 73, and a fourth memory 75, each of which temporarily stores the same.

The CPU 63 has a saw speed V stored in the first memory 69.
And the back force F _H stored in the third memory 73 and the cutting constant K _A
(Constant) and the first arithmetic processing means 77 for calculating the partial cutting rate (C) by the following equation is connected.

Partial cutting rate (C) = (F _H × V) / K _A Further, the CPU 63 stores the angle S stored in the second memory 69.
Second processing means 79 for cutting depth by the following equation constants K _B based on (H) is the arithmetic processing is connected to.

Depth of cut (H) = K The _B · sin S CPU 63, operation processing portion cut rate at time T and the first processing means 77 from the cutting start at clock 67 to the cutting depth H (C) And a third arithmetic processing means 81 for calculating the cutting length (L) by the following equation based on the cutting depth (H) arithmetically processed by the second arithmetic processing means 79 is connected.

Cutting length (L) = (C × T) / H The CPU 63 has a first database 83 and a second database 85
Is connected. The first database 83 shows the tendency of the back force at each cross-sectional position shown in FIG. 2B when the round bar shown in FIG. 2A is cut, in other words, the tendency of the back force. Is stored. In addition, the second database 85
Stores the tendency of the back force at each cross-sectional position shown in FIG. 3B when the square bar shown in FIG. 3A is cut, in other words, the back force. I have.

Here, the back force curves in FIGS. 2 (B) and 3 (B) change similarly even if the back force increases due to wear of the cutting edge. Further, since the cutting length (L) is short at the start of cutting, cutting is performed at a constant cutting depth (H). The second view (B), as will be appreciated from the portion surrounded by a dotted line circle in FIG. 3 (B), increase of the back component force F _H in the cutting start point, a sudden case of round bars Yes, square bars are slower than that. I.e., the back component force curve F _c is the cutting starting point of the round bar in Figure 4, the back component force curve
F _k is the value at the time of starting the cutting of the square bar. These two curves F _c , F
Based on _k , for example, a discriminating means 87 that determines a curve shown by a dotted line _{Fo as} a discriminating curve of the work sectional shape is connected to the CPU 63.

A display device 89 for displaying various detected data is connected to the CPU 63, and various data are displayed on the display device 89 as necessary.

With the above configuration, the workpiece W is cut by the band saw blade T in the horizontal band saw machine 1. The cutting process is started, and the back force (F _H ) at the cutting depth (H) at the preset cutting start point is detected by the pressure sensor 45 and the angle S is detected by the rotary encoder 21.
When the increasing tendency of the back force (F _H ) is detected, the third memory 73 is temporarily determined.
Is stored. The increasing tendency of the actual back force (F _H ) stored in the third memory 73 is taken into the discriminating means 87.

The discriminating means 87 this actual back component force (F _H) increase is compared with the determined curve F _o of the round bar in the case greater than the determination points of the discrimination curve F _o, angular in the case of less It will be determined as a bar.

By the above-described determination operation, it is possible to distinguish whether the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W actually cut is actually a round bar or a square bar, and to perform the first calculation based on the determined cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W. In the processing means 77, the partial cutting rate (C)
Since the cutting depth (H) is obtained by the arithmetic processing means 79 and the cutting length (L) is obtained by the third arithmetic processing means 81, actual cutting conditions are determined. Further, there is no need to input the cross-sectional shape of the work W from the setting input unit 65 in advance, so that a remarkable effect is achieved in the reduction of input errors and in an unmanned system.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be embodied in other modes by making appropriate changes. For example, in the present embodiment, an example has been described in which the actual cross-sectional shape of the work W is determined by detecting the back force as the cutting force. However, instead of the back force, the main force is increased or the resultant force is used. The cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W may be determined based on a certain increasing tendency of the cutting force.

The configuration of the invention of this embodiment is summarized as follows.

That is, when cutting the workpiece W by the driving band saw blade T, an increase in the cutting resistance (in this embodiment, the back force F _H ) near the starting point of the cutting is detected,
The detected increasing tendency of the cutting force is stored in advance, and the increasing tendency F _c (see FIG. 4) of the cutting force for the round bar in the vicinity of the starting point of cutting when the round bar is cut is stored in advance. To determine whether or not any of the increasing trends in the cutting force F _k (see FIG. 4) of the cutting force for a square bar near the starting point of cutting a bar is close to the increasing trend of the cutting force. As a result, the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W is round,
It is characterized by discriminating any one of the squares.

Further, when cutting the workpiece W by the driven band saw blade T, detecting means (rotary encoder 21 and pressure sensor 45 in the present embodiment) for detecting an increasing tendency of the cutting resistance near the start of cutting. the provided provided a first database 83 for storing an increasing trend F _c of the cutting resistance for round bar in cutting the beginning vicinity in the case of cutting a round bar,
The second database 85 for storing an increasing trend F _k of the cutting resistance for square bar advance in cutting the beginning vicinity in the case of cutting a square bar is provided, increase of the detected cutting resistance, a round bar which is stored in advance and increasing F _c of the cutting resistance of the use, by determining whether approximates increase of any of the cutting resistance of increasing F _k of the cutting resistance of the pre-stored square bar, the workpiece W It is characterized in that a discriminating means 87 for discriminating whether the cross-sectional shape is round or square is provided.

 The operation of the present embodiment is summarized as follows.

That is, when cutting the workpiece W by the driven band saw blade T, the detecting means 21 and 45 detect an increasing tendency of the cutting resistance near the start of cutting. Then, the discrimination means 87, the increase of the detected cutting resistance, and increasing F _c of the cutting resistance for pre-stored round bar, the increase F _k of the cutting resistance for prestored square bar It is determined whether any one of the cutting forces approximates the increasing tendency. As a result, the detected cutting force tends to increase,
If the approximate increasing F _c of the cutting resistance for round bars, the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W is determined that round, also,
Increase of the detected cutting resistance, if it is determined that approximates increasing F _k of the cutting resistance for the corner bar, the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W is determined to be the square.

As described above, according to the invention of this embodiment, since it is possible to determine whether the cross-sectional shape of the work W is round or square, it is possible to automatically recognize the cross-sectional shape of the work W It is not necessary to input the cross-sectional shape of the work to the user, the number of input items can be reduced, and the operation of the control device can be simplified.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the invention described in claim 1 or 2, since it is possible to determine whether the cross-sectional shape of the work is round or square, the cross-sectional shape of the work can be automatically recognized. This eliminates the need for inputting the cross-sectional shape of the work to the control device of the sawing machine, reduces the number of input items, and simplifies the operation of the control device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B) and FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (A).
(B) is an explanatory view of the back force when a round bar and a square bar pre-filed in the first and second databases are cut, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the work sectional shape from the actually detected back force. It is an example figure of the example of the judgment which judges. 1 ... horizontal band saw machine (saw machine), 9 ... saw blade housing 15 ... saw blade motor, 15A ... encoder 21 ... rotary encoder 45 ... pressure sensor, 57 ... encoder 61 ... control device, 63 CPU 67 Clock 69, 71, 73, 75 First, second, third, and fourth memories 77, 79, 81 First, second, and third arithmetic processing means 87 means

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] When a cutting is performed on a workpiece by a driven saw blade, an increasing tendency of a cutting resistance near a starting point of the cutting is detected, and the detected increasing tendency of the cutting resistance is stored in advance. In addition, the tendency of the cutting resistance for a round bar to increase near the start of cutting when cutting a round bar, and the tendency of increasing the cutting resistance for a square bar near the start of cutting when cutting a square bar when stored in advance. Determining whether the cross-sectional shape of the work is round or square by judging whether or not it is close to the increasing tendency of any of the cutting forces; Method. 2. A cutting means for detecting a tendency of an increase in cutting resistance near a cutting start point when cutting a workpiece by a driving saw blade. A first storing means for storing in advance a tendency of an increase in the cutting resistance for a round bar in the vicinity, and a second storage for storing in advance a tendency of an increase in the cutting resistance for a square bar in the vicinity of the start of cutting when cutting a square bar; Means are provided, and the detected increasing tendency of the cutting force is either an increasing tendency of the pre-stored cutting force for the round bar or an increasing tendency of the pre-stored cutting force for the square bar. An apparatus for determining a cross-sectional shape of a work, comprising determining means for determining whether the cross-sectional shape of the work is round or square by determining whether or not the resistance approximates the resistance.