JP2749582B2 - Cutting control method and processing condition setting method and apparatus for band sawing machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a cutting control method, a processing condition setting method, and a device therefor in a band sawing machine for cutting various steel materials.

(Prior Art) Generally, a cutting condition index of a band sawing machine for cutting various steel materials is determined by a saw speed and a cutting rate. In order to set the target cutting rate according to the material and shape dimensions of the work, the machine operator actually cuts the work to be cut with a band saw machine, measures the time required for it, and measures the time set in advance. If they are different, they are adjusted again and the cutting conditions are determined after trial and error.

Also, as a method of giving a cut to a work with a cutting tool, a constant cutting method or a constant load method is known.
The method of giving a cut to a work with a band saw blade in a band saw machine employs the latter constant load method described above. This constant load method does not directly control the depth of cut, that is, the cutting rate.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, even if the above-mentioned cutting control in the band saw machine is directly performed, it is very difficult to adjust the cutting rate to the target value because of the constant load method.

Further, even if the target cutting rate is used, the target cutting rate is an average cutting rate for all the cross sections, and therefore, no particular consideration is given to the wear of the band saw blade. Therefore, if an attempt is made to match the target cutting rate to the band saw blade with advanced wear, an excessive back force will be generated, causing a problem of causing tooth chipping and early wear and further causing bending. .

An object of the present invention is to perform a cutting control automatically so as to bring a partial cutting rate close to a target cutting rate while a workpiece is being cut by a band saw blade in a band sawing machine in order to improve the above-described problem. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutting control method, a processing condition setting method, and an apparatus for setting a cutting condition in a band sawing machine capable of setting appropriate processing conditions for a work made of an unknown material.

[Constitution of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems as described above, and the invention according to claim 1 is a method for controlling the cutting of a saw blade to a work. In, the cutting position of the saw blade with respect to the workpiece is detected by the position sensor and the actual cutting amount is calculated, and the partial cutting rate is calculated based on the cutting amount, the preset saw blade pitch, the cutting length, and the saw speed. This is a cutting control method that calculates and performs cutting control so that the partial cutting rate approaches a preset target cutting rate.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, at the time of cutting the work by the saw blade, a plurality of cut positions of the saw blade with respect to the work are detected by the position sensor. The relational expression indicating the relationship between the depth of cut and the backing force is determined by the detected backing force, and the relationship between the cutting amount and the backing force of various steel materials is determined to obtain the relationship between the cutting force and the backing force. This is a processing condition setting method for setting a cutting processing condition by obtaining an appropriate depth of cut and a back force based on the cutting depth.

The invention according to claim 3 is a saw blade housing provided with a saw blade for cutting a work, a saw blade housing operating device for acting the saw blade housing in a direction approaching and moving away from the work, and the saw blade. In a cutting control device for a sawing machine including a position sensor for detecting a position of a housing and a control device for controlling the saw blade housing operating device, the detected cutting amount and back force of the saw blade are preset. Processing means for calculating a partial cutting rate based on the pitch, cutting length and saw speed of the saw blade, and a partial cutting rate calculated by the calculating processing means to approach a preset target cutting rate. Cutting control means for adjusting the force.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Before describing the configuration of the present invention, the basic concept of achieving the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the cutting depth and the back force in the cutting action by the band saw blade. The ratio between the depth of cut δ per band of the band saw blade and the back force f per blade is called a cutting constant K (a value unique to the work and the tooth tip of the band saw blade), and is expressed by an equation. Since K = f / δ, f = K · δ (1)

Difference in the material of the workpiece W to be cut, for example, workpieces W ₁ and W ₂
Then, in FIG. 2, straight lines A and B are obtained.

Further, when the band saw blade tooth tip wear has progressed in the same material for example workpiece W _1, in FIG. 2, the straight line A is changed as linear C. That is, the straight line A is a characteristic time of a band saw blade without tooth tip wear, and this value is stored in the database as an important key value when selecting cutting conditions for various works.

Now, the material is tried unknown workpiece W cutting, when changing from infeed amount [delta] ₁ to [delta] ₂ in FIG. 2, the value of the back component force is to become had from f ₁ to f _2. It is not known whether the measured value δ ₁ or f _{1 of} only one point is one point of the straight line B or one point of the straight line C. That is, it is not possible to distinguish between the difference in the material and the wear of the band saw blade.

However, by measuring _two different points (δ ₁ , f ₁ ) and (δ ₂ , f ₂ ), a trend line f = K · δ + D (2) can be obtained.

Assuming that this trend line is a straight line C stored in advance, the following can be understood.

That is, the material similar to the straight line A is cut, and the increase in the back force due to the wear of the band saw blade is only "D".

If these two factors are known, appropriate cutting can be performed by selecting the cutting conditions of the straight line A from the database. Therefore, when performing cutting on a non-material workpiece, appropriate processing conditions can be set by detecting the cutting depth and the back force at two points in advance by trial cutting.

It is known that the relationship between the depth of cut δ and the partial cutting rate E satisfies δ = (lp × E) / (l × V) (3). (However, lp: saw blade pitch, l: cutting length) In the equation (3), lp and l are preset values, and by detecting the cutting depth δ and the saw speed V, the partial cutting E Will be measured. Therefore, changing the partial cutting rate E to be close to the transmission cutting rate is
Controlling the cutting depth δ and the saw speed V.
Changes the back force f, the depth of cut δ,
That is, the back force f and the saw speed V are controlled.

If the sawing speed V is constant, the cutting rate E and the back force f are controlled so that the partial cutting rate E approaches the target cutting rate.

In order to control the partial cutting rate E within an appropriate range, the database includes a cutting amount δ and a cutting amount l / as shown in FIG.
A relation graph with the saw blade pitch lp is filed. In FIG. 3, the range linear Y ₁ is a depth of cut limitation linear Y ₂ is the cutting rate limit and linear Y ₃ shows the back component force limit, surrounded by the straight lines Y _1, Y ₂ and Y ₃ The inside shows the appropriate range. Therefore, by controlling the detected partial cutting rate E to fall within this appropriate range, appropriate cutting can be performed, and the cutting depth limit, cutting rate limit, and back force limit can be clearly understood. it can.

Next, FIG. 1 shows the constituent blocks of a cutting control device in a band sawing machine.

In FIG. 1, on the base 3 of the band saw machine 1,
The work W is placed, and the work W is clamped by the fixed vice 5 and the movable vise 7.

A vertically movable saw blade housing 9 for cutting the workpiece W is provided. The saw blade housing 9 has a rotatable drive wheel 11 and a driven wheel 13 mounted thereon. A band saw blade T is wound around the driving wheel 11 and the driven wheel 13. A saw blade motor 15 such as a servo motor having an encoder for driving the drive wheel 11 is connected to the drive wheel 11 in an interlocking manner.

By driving the saw blade motor 15 with the above configuration, the drive wheel 11 rotates in a fixed direction as shown by the arrow, and the band saw blade T travels from left to right.

A bracket 17 is attached to the lower right end of the saw blade housing 9, and the bracket 17 is pivotally supported by a hinge pin 19. Thus, the saw blade housing 19 is moved up and down with the hinge pin 19 as a fulcrum. Saw blade housing 19
An angle sensor 21 as a position sensor such as a rotary encoder is attached to the hinge pin 19 in order to detect an angle S as a position when the is moved up and down.

In order to control the vertical movement of the saw blade housing 9, a hydraulic circuit 23 is provided in the saw blade housing 9. For example, a saw blade housing operating device for operating the saw blade housing 9 in a direction approaching to and separating from the workpiece W via a piston rod 25 as a cylinder device of the hydraulic circuit 23 is provided at a lower right portion of the saw blade housing 9. A hydraulic cylinder 27 is provided. For example, piping on the right side wall of the hydraulic cylinder 27
One end of 29 is connected, and the other end of piping 29 is 4 port 3
It is connected to the B port of the position switching valve 31.

One end of a pipe 35 is connected to a branch point 33 in the middle of the pipe 29, and the other end of the pipe 35 is connected to a hydraulic pump 37. A check valve 39 is provided in the middle of the pipe 35.

A motor 41 for operating the hydraulic pump 37 is linked to the hydraulic pump 37.

Further, one end of a pipe 43 is connected to the hydraulic pump 37, and the other end of the pipe 43 is connected to a filter 45. The filter 45 is provided in a tank 47.

The 4 port 3 position electromagnetic switching valve 31 has a solenoid SO
L ₁ and SOL ₂ are provided respectively. One end of a pipe 49 is connected to the P port of the 4-port 3-position electromagnetic switching valve 31, and the other end of the pipe 49 is connected to the tank 47. 4
One end of a pipe 51 is connected to the T port of the port 3 position electromagnetic switching valve 31, and the other end of the pipe 51 is connected to the tank 47. At the branch point 53 in the middle of the pipe 51, the pipe 55
The other end of the pipe 55 is connected to a pressure sensor 57 of an elastic body type or the like for detecting a pressure in the hydraulic chamber 27A in the hydraulic cylinder 27. In the middle of the pipe 51, an adjustable flow control valve 59 as a cut control means is provided.

With the above configuration, the motor 41 is driven and the hydraulic pump 37
Is activated, the oil in the tank 47 is
And is discharged to the pipe 35. The oil discharged from the pipe 35 is transferred to the hydraulic chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 27 through the pipe 29.
By being supplied to 27A and pushing up the piston rod 25, the saw blade housing 9 is raised with the hinge pin 19 as a fulcrum.

When the motor 41 is stopped and the solenoid SOL ₁ of the four-port three-position solenoid-operated directional control valve 31 is excited, the B port and the P port communicate with each other, and the piping 2 extends from the hydraulic chamber 27A of the hydraulic cylinder 27 to the piping 2.
The hydraulic pressure is returned to the tank 47 via 9, 49, and the saw blade housing 9 is lowered. Alternatively, when the motor 41 is stopped and the solenoid SOL ₂ of the 4-port 3-position electromagnetic switching valve 31 is excited, the B port communicates with the T port, and the hydraulic cylinder
Pressure oil is supplied from the hydraulic chamber 27A of the tank 27 via the pipes 29 and 51 to the tank 47.
, The saw blade housing 9 is lowered by its own weight. At this time, the lowering speed of the saw blade housing 9, that is, the depth of cut is controlled by adjusting the flow control valve 59.

The saw blade motor 15, an angle sensor 2 as a position sensor
1, the pressure sensor 57 and the flow control valve 59 are connected to the control device via interfaces 61A, 61B, 61C and 61D, respectively.
It is connected to a central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as a CPU) 65.

A setting input section 67 for inputting a preset setting value is connected to the CPU 65. Further, while the cutting work is being performed on the work W by the band saw machine 1, the descent angle and pressure when the saw blade housing 9 is lowered are detected by the CPU 65.
1. A first arithmetic processing means 69 for detecting the angle of depression and pressure detected by the pressure sensor 57 and calculating the depth of cut δ and the back force f is connected.

The CPU 65 is connected to a second arithmetic processing means 71 for arithmetically processing the partial cutting rate E based on the depth of cut δ and the back force f calculated by the first arithmetic processing means 69.

Further, the CPU 65 is connected to a first database 73 in which a relational graph as shown in FIG. 2 in which the relation between the depth of cut by various steel materials and the back force f is obtained in advance, and A second database filed with a relational graph as shown in FIG. 3 for grasping a cut amount limit, a cutting rate limit, and a back force limit in relation to a cut amount δ and a cutting length l / saw blade pitch lp. 75 is connected.

The CPU 65 is connected to a third database 77 which stores preset target cutting rate data of various steel materials and the like, and stores the detected cutting amount δ, back force f, partial cutting rate E, and the like. The display device 79 to be displayed is connected.

Next, the operation when cutting the unformed workpiece W will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

In Figure 4, inputting a diameter of preset example workpiece W in Step S ₁ from the setting input unit 67. Try shaving in the step S ₂ to determine whether it or after completion, if the trial cutting have not already done the procedure proceeds to step S _3, perform a trial cutting.

While doing the trial cutting, the angle sensor 21 in step S _4, descent angle of two points by the pressure sensor 57 detects the pressure. The first calculation processing means 69 calculates the cut amounts δ ₁ , δ ₂ ; the back force f ₁ , f _{2 based} on the detected descent angle and pressure.

In step S _5, the depth of cut δ _1, δ _2; back component force f _1, f ₂
From the relationship graph between the depth of cut δ and the back force f as shown in FIG. 2 stored in the first database 73, the appropriate depth of cut δ and the back force f are obtained. Furthermore, the proper depth of cut δ and the back component force setting conditions machined from f is determined in step S _6.

After not determine the set conditions to the non-material work W, to determine whether they have finished shaving try again in the step S _2. Because have already done cutting test in this case, the process proceeds to step S _7, to begin the actual cutting. The depth of cut δ and the back component force f in the cutting in step S _8, the angle sensor 21, descent angle detected by the pressure sensor 57, for processing by the first processing unit 69 based on the pressure.

And Step S ₉ in the depth of cut δ, which is the arithmetic processing by the first processing means 69 on the basis described above (3) by the second
The arithmetic processing means 71 calculates the partial cutting rate E. Partial cut rate E Step S ₁₀ is compared judged that the target cut rate stored in the third database 77, when the partial cutting rate E is different from the target cut rate is cut control in step S ₁₁ Do. For example, if the sawing speed V is constant, the flow regulating valve 59 is adjusted to adjust the back force f. If the back force f is adjusted, the control of the cutting depth δ is automatically performed by the above-mentioned equation (2).

In order to make the partial cutting rate E close to the target cutting rate, it is also possible to change the sawing speed V while keeping the depth of cut δ constant in the above-mentioned equation (3).

Then, the process proceeds to step S _12, if entered partial cut rate E it is within the proper range a relationship graph based on, as shown in FIG. 3 which is a file in the second database 75, exit directly If not within the proper range, step
Proceeds to S _13, so that replacement of the band saw blade T is performed is issued exchange command of the band saw blade T.

As described above, when the workpiece W whose material is unknown is subjected to the cutting process, by detecting the cutting amount δ and the back force f of the two points in advance during the trial cutting, the detected cutting of the two points is performed. Setting conditions for appropriate cutting can be easily determined from the amount δ and the back force f.

Further, during the cutting of the workpiece W, the partial cutting rate E is measured by automatically detecting the depth of cut δ and the back force f, and the partial cutting rate E is set to the target cutting rate. Cut control can be performed automatically to get closer.

Further, the measured partial cutting rate E is compared with the relationship between the cutting depth δ and the cutting length l / saw blade pitch lp as shown in FIG. Because it can be controlled so as not to exceed the limit,
In addition to being able to perform machining under the cutting conditions of the maximum efficiency, it is possible to prevent tooth chipping, prevent early wear, and further suppress cutting by bending.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be embodied in other modes by making appropriate changes.

For example, the present invention can be applied to a band sawing machine in which the saw blade housing 9 moves in a vertical direction, and the back force can be directly detected by a back force sensor attached to the saw blade guide.

[Effects of the Invention] As can be understood from the above description of the embodiment, in summary, the invention according to claim 1 is a method for controlling the cutting of the saw blade with respect to the work by setting the cutting position of the saw blade with respect to the work. The actual depth of cut (δ) is detected by a sensor, and the actual depth of cut (δ) is calculated. Based on this depth of cut (δ), a preset saw blade pitch (lp), cutting length (l), and saw speed (v), This is a cutting control method in which a partial cutting rate (E) is calculated and a cutting control is performed so that the partial cutting rate (E) approaches a preset target cutting rate.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, at the time of cutting the work by the saw blade, a plurality of cut positions of the saw blade with respect to the work are detected by the position sensor. The relational expression indicating the relationship between the depth of cut and the backing force is determined by the detected backing force, and the relationship between the cutting amount and the backing force of various steel materials is determined to obtain the relationship between the cutting force and the backing force. This is a method for setting machining conditions in a sawing machine for setting cutting conditions by obtaining an appropriate depth of cut and a component force based on the cutting force.

The invention according to claim 3 is a saw blade housing provided with a saw blade for cutting a work, a saw blade housing operating device for operating the saw blade housing in a direction approaching and moving away from the work, and the saw blade. In a cutting control device for a sawing machine including a position sensor for detecting a position of a housing and a control device for controlling the saw blade housing operating device, a detected cutting amount (δ) and a back force ( f) and a processing means for calculating a partial cutting rate (E) based on a preset saw blade pitch (lp), cutting length (l), and saw speed (v), and calculation by the processing means Cutting control means for adjusting the back force so that the set partial cutting rate (E) approaches a preset target cutting rate.

As is apparent from the above configuration, in the invention according to the first aspect, the partial cutting rate E is calculated based on the actual depth of cut δ, the preset saw blade pitch lp, the cutting length l, and the saw speed v. Since the cutting control is performed so that the partial cutting rate E approaches a preset target cutting rate, the partial cutting rate is always set to the target cutting rate when cutting from the start of cutting the work to the closing of the cutting end. Since the cutting control is performed so as to approach, the cutting force of the saw blade and the early wear can be suppressed and the occurrence of the bending can be suppressed without causing excessive back force.

In the invention according to claim 2, the cutting amount and the back force at a plurality of locations are detected at the time of cutting of the work to obtain a relational expression indicating a relationship between the cutting amount and the back force, and the cutting amount by various steel materials is determined. Since the cutting conditions are determined by obtaining the appropriate depth of cut and the back force based on the data of the previously filed database and the relational expression to obtain the relationship with the back force, the material of the workpiece is Even if you are unsure,
Cutting conditions corresponding to the material of the work can be set. Therefore, for example, even if the cutting is started without setting the cutting conditions, the cutting conditions are automatically set, and the work can be cut easily.

In the invention according to claim 3, the partial cutting rate E is determined based on the detected cutting amount δ of the saw blade, the back force f, the preset pitch lp of the saw blade, the cutting length l, and the saw speed v. Since it comprises arithmetic processing means for calculating, and cutting control means for adjusting the back force so as to bring the partial cutting rate E calculated by the processing means close to a preset target cutting rate, it is always provided. The workpiece can be cut at substantially the target cutting rate, and no excessive back force is generated on the saw blade, and tooth missing, early wear and bending can be suppressed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cutting control device in a band sawing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an example diagram showing a relationship graph between the cutting depth and the back force. FIG. 3 is an example diagram showing a relationship graph between the cutting depth and the cutting length / saw blade pitch. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of this embodiment. 1 Band sawing machine 9 Saw blade housing 21 Angle sensor 23 Hydraulic circuit 57 Pressure sensor 59 Flow control valve 65 CPU 69 First arithmetic processing means 71 Second Arithmetic processing means 73: first database 75: second database 77: third database

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] In a method for controlling the cutting of a saw blade with respect to a work, a position sensor detects a cutting position of the saw blade with respect to the work and calculates an actual cutting amount (δ). A partial cutting rate (E) is calculated based on a preset saw blade pitch (lp), cutting length (l), and saw speed (v), and the partial cutting rate (E) is set to a preset target. A cutting control method for a sawing machine, wherein the cutting control is performed so as to approach a cutting rate. 2. A cutting machine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of cutting positions of the saw blade are detected by the position sensor when the workpiece is cut by the saw blade. Determine the relational expression indicating the relationship between the depth of cut and the back force by the component force, determine the relationship between the depth of cut by various steel materials and the back force, and appropriately determine the relationship between the data in the previously filed database and the above relational expression. A cutting condition setting method for a sawing machine, wherein a cutting condition is set by obtaining an appropriate depth of cut and a back force. 3. A saw blade housing provided with a saw blade for cutting a workpiece, a saw blade housing operating device for operating the saw blade housing in a direction approaching and moving away from the workpiece.
In a cutting control device for a sawing machine including a position sensor for detecting a position of the saw blade housing and a control device for controlling the saw blade housing operating device, the detected cutting amount (δ) of the saw blade and the height Arithmetic processing means for calculating the partial cutting rate (E) based on the component force (f), the preset saw blade pitch (lp), the cutting length (l), and the saw speed (v); A cutting control means for adjusting a back force so as to bring a partial cutting rate (E) calculated by the means closer to a preset target cutting rate.