JP2788387B2 - Incinerator combustion state detector - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides imaging means for inputting the combustion state from the downstream side of a stoker-conveying type incineration zone, and determines the combustion state of dust in the incineration zone from image data input by the imaging means. The present invention relates to a device for detecting a combustion state of a refuse incinerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a device for detecting the combustion state of a refuse incinerator of this kind, an area of a bright area determined to be a flame by the imaging means and a supply of combustion air provided at a lower portion of an incineration zone are known. The combustion state of dust is determined from the value of the pressure loss detected by the pressure detector provided in the wind box. That is, in general, if the area of the bright region is small, the combustion state is deteriorated, if the area of the bright region is appropriate, the combustion state is appropriate, and if the area of the bright region is large, the combustion state is excessive. This has the following drawbacks.
For example, even when the quality of the garbage in the incineration zone is poor and large, and when the amount of the garbage in the incineration zone is small, it is determined that the area of the light region is small and the combustion state is deteriorated.
Since it is not possible to identify which one is used, it is not possible to judge from the detection result by the combustion state detecting device whether the new dust input amount should be increased or decreased. Therefore, the above-described drawbacks are avoided by taking into account the determination that the amount of dust is large if the value of the pressure loss detected by the pressure detector is large, and that the amount of dust is small if the value of the pressure loss is small. Was.

[0003]

However, according to the above-mentioned prior art, when a combustion air blow-through phenomenon occurs due to damage to the stoker in the incineration treatment zone or uneven distribution of dust.
Although the amount of dust is large, the pressure loss value is reduced, and it is also difficult to accurately detect the pressure loss value. An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and to accurately determine the combustion state by taking into account the state of dust using only image data obtained by an imaging unit that inputs the combustion state from the downstream side of the stoker-conveying incineration zone. It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator combustion state detecting device which can be determined in the following manner.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, a combustion state detecting apparatus for an incinerator according to the present invention is characterized by the following features.
The point is that the combustion state is determined from the relationship with the area of the dark region existing within the outer contour of the bright region.

[0005] Further, it is determined from the relationship between the area of a bright area determined as a flame in the input image data and the area of a dark area existing within the outer contour of the bright area, and the lower end position of the bright area. The point is that the combustion state is determined from the relationship with the burn-off position.

[0006]

In other words, if there is a dark area inside the outer contour of the bright area determined to be flame in the input image data by the imaging means,
The area is regarded as an area where unburned dust is present, not as an area where no dust is present. If the area of a light area determined to be a flame is small, the combustion state is degraded and the light area is degraded. If the area is appropriate, the combustion state is appropriate, and if the area of the bright region is large, it is determined that the combustion state is excessive,
The correct combustion state is determined by supplementing the amount of unburned dust according to the area of the dark region at that time. Further, in addition to the above-described operation, the burn-off position at which the dust shifts from gas combustion to solid combustion can be determined based on the lower end position of the bright area, so that the burn-off position is located on the upstream side in the transport direction by the stoker. If there is, the amount of garbage burning on the incineration zone as a whole is small, and if the burn-out position is downstream in the transport direction by the stoker, the amount of garbage burning on the incineration zone as a whole is large The accurate combustion state is determined in consideration of the above. For example, if the burn-out position is on the upstream side where the amount of burning dust is small, the brightness of the input image data is small, and if the burn-off position is on the downstream side where the amount of burning dust is large, the input image The brightness threshold of the image data is determined using the tendency of the brightness of the data to increase.

[0007]

Thus, according to the present invention, the combustion state taking into account the state of dust can be accurately determined using only image data obtained by the imaging means for inputting the combustion state from the downstream side of the stoker-conveying incineration zone. It has become possible to provide a combustion state detection device for an incinerator that can be used.

[0008]

Embodiments will be described below. As shown in FIG. 3, the refuse incinerator is supplied by a hopper 3 for receiving municipal garbage as an incineration object, a pusher 4 for introducing the incineration object in the hopper 3 from a lower end into the furnace, and a pusher 4. A stoker-type conveying means 5 for incineration processing while stirring and conveying the incinerated material is provided, and an air supply means 6 for supplying air for primary combustion from the bottom thereof is provided.

The transporting means 5 comprises a drying zone L for drying the incinerated material, a combustion zone M for burning, and an incineration process by alternately arranging movable grate reciprocating obliquely upward with respect to the fixed grate. The incineration zones consisting of the post-combustion zone N are configured so that the speed can be independently adjusted. The space above the stoker 5 is configured as a primary combustion region 1 for directly incinerating the incineration material, and the space above the stoker 5 is configured as a secondary combustion region 2 for completely combusting the combustion gas. A waste heat boiler 6 for recovering the heat energy of the combustion exhaust gas is provided in the space on the side to supply the heat generated by the combustion to the power generation device 11,
Further, there is provided an exhaust gas treatment device including a bag filter 8, a smoke washing device 9, and the like provided in the middle of a flow passage from an exhaust gas passage 7 connected to the downstream to a chimney 10.

An imaging means 20 for inputting a combustion state from a downstream side of a combustion zone M (hereinafter simply referred to as "incineration zone M"), which is an example of an incineration zone, is provided at the upper central portion of the side wall on the downstream side of the conveying means 5. A CCD camera as its imaging means 2
An image processing means 21 for judging the combustion state of the dust in the incineration zone M from the input image data of 0 is provided to constitute a combustion state detection device.

The image processing means 21 includes, as shown in FIG.
The average luminance is obtained from the image data input from the imaging means 20, and a predetermined coefficient (which can be appropriately set by attaching a furnace or a camera, for example, is 1.3 as a preferable value for a certain incinerator). Multiplied by
Light (W) dark (B) ". Incineration zone M
The outline of the area of the flame above the left and right end points a and b of the flame in FIG. 4 is obtained by removing the noise of the outline part of the binarized image data by expansion and contraction processing or the like, and then adding “brightness (W)”. The connected pixels are continuously connected to extract a contour c, and the contour of the lower flame region is defined as a group G1, G2,... Although it is not limited, it is divided into about 10 divisions in the scanning line direction, and the pixels indicating “bright (W)” among the pixels in the group are predetermined values (this value is also set appropriately). If it is not less than 30%), the process of extracting the line segment represented by the group as a part of the contour d is sequentially executed from the end points a to b, and the contour adbc
Is defined. Inside the contour line adbc, a contour e between an area indicating “dark (B)” and an area indicating “bright (W)” is defined.

From the number of pixels (corresponding to the area of the flame) of the “bright (W)” region in the region surrounded by the contour line adbc,
Combustion degradation, based on predefined table data
The output is determined by judging whether the combustion is appropriate or excessive. Based on the number of pixels in the “dark (B)” area (corresponding to the unburned dust amount) in the area surrounded by the contour line adbc, the dust amount is small, appropriate, and large based on table data defined in advance. It is determined which of them is output.

The combustion state is determined as follows from the flame state and the amount of dust. 1. Deterioration of combustion and small amount of garbage
Garbage needs to be supplied immediately. 2. Deterioration of combustion and appropriate amount of refuse: Insufficient combustion air, and it is necessary to increase air supply. 3. Deterioration of combustion and large amount of trash: The garbage is heaping, and it is necessary to reduce the supply of trash and increase the air supply. 4. Appropriate combustion and small amount of garbage: There is a shortage of garbage, but it is almost appropriate. 5. Appropriate combustion and garbage amount: Appropriate and preferably maintained as is. 6. Appropriate combustion and large amount of garbage: Excessive garbage, but almost appropriate, keeping the status quo, or slightly reducing the amount of garbage supplied. 7. Excessive combustion and low refuse: Insufficient refuse, excessive combustion air, but the temperature will drop shortly. 8. Excessive combustion and appropriate amount of refuse: Excessive combustion air amount, and it is necessary to reduce the air supply amount. 9. Excessive combustion and large amount of waste: Excessive amount of waste and excessive amount of combustion air, both of which need to be reduced.

Based on the combustion state determined in this way and its temporal variation (for example, transition of the area ratio between the “bright (W)” area and the “dark (B)” area), the pusher speed is determined. , The control factors that contribute to combustion, such as the stoker speed and the supply amount of combustion air. Here, as a control mechanism for controlling these factors, a PI using a computer is generally used.
Although a D control mechanism can be adopted, the present invention can be applied to other than the PID control mechanism.

Another embodiment will be described below. In addition to the relationship between the area of the bright region (W) determined to be a flame in the input image data and the area of the dark region (B) existing within the outer contour of the bright region (W), the light region The combustion state detection device of the incinerator can also be configured in consideration of the relationship with the burn-off position determined from the lower end position of the incinerator.

For example, if the burn-off position is on the upstream side where the amount of garbage burning is small, if the luminance of the input image data is small, and if the burn-off position is on the downstream side where the amount of garbage burning is large,
Utilizing the tendency of the brightness of the input image data to increase, the lightness / darkness threshold of the image data is set higher toward the burn-off position on the downstream side, so that the degree of unburned dust found in the flame is burned off. It can be detected reliably regardless of the difference in position.

For example, as described in 1. To 9. By adding the burn-off position to the judgment, it is possible to grasp the combustion state in more detail without providing a new sensor, thereby controlling the control factors contributing to combustion, such as the pusher speed, the stoker speed, and the combustion air supply amount. , Can be controlled more appropriately.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of image processing.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of an incinerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 imaging means M incineration zone B dark area W light area

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-61-36612 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F23G 5/50

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] An imaging means (20) for inputting a combustion state from a downstream side of an incineration zone (M) is provided, and the imaging means (2) is provided.
0) a combustion state detection device for a refuse incinerator for judging a combustion state of refuse in the incineration zone (B) from the input image data according to 0). A combustion state detection device for an incinerator, which determines a combustion state from a relationship between an area and an area of a dark area (B) existing within an outer contour of the light area (W). 2. An imaging means (20) for inputting a combustion state from a downstream side of a stoker transport type incineration zone (M),
What is claimed is: 1. A garbage incinerator combustion state detecting device for judging a garbage combustion state in said incineration zone (B) from input image data obtained by said imaging means (20), wherein a bright area determined as a flame of said input image data is provided. Combustion from the relationship between the area of (W) and the area of the dark area (B) existing within the outer contour of the light area (W), and the burn-off position determined from the lower end position of the light area. An incinerator combustion state detector that determines the state.