JP2774242B2 - Flame retardant - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flame retardant which can make a substrate such as paper or wood, for example, flame-retardant by coating or impregnating the substrate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various flame retardants have been developed to prevent the combustion of a substrate by coating or impregnating the surface of a substrate made of a combustible material such as wood or cardboard. Among them, a flame-retardant urea-based and / or melamine-based amino resin as a main component, and by adding a water-soluble inorganic compound thereto, a ceramic foam layer having excellent heat resistance when exposed to a flame. What is formed is known. (See JP-A-4-93373).

[0003] However, this flame retardant has a problem that the surface of the coating film after being applied to the substrate is sticky due to moisture absorption even after curing, and furthermore, even before curing, it gels at around 10 ° C. Therefore, there has been a problem that workability when applying or impregnating the substrate is reduced. Further, such a fire retardant, for example, a refractory material which is merely applied or impregnated on the surface of a normal plate-shaped substrate, sometimes lacks taste or aesthetic appearance, for example, when used for interior use. .

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a flame retardant having a stable viscosity without causing the coating to stick due to moisture absorption.

[0005]

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to develop a flame retardant having a stable viscosity while preventing moisture absorption of a coating film. Then, an adhesive having a certain viscosity is kneaded, and if the kneaded adhesive is cured to contain the hygroscopic flame retardant, the viscosity change due to the temperature and the stickiness of the coating surface due to moisture absorption are simultaneously observed. I found the fact that it can be suppressed. The present invention has been made based on this finding.

That is, the present invention relates to a base agent mainly containing a urea-based and / or melamine-based amino resin precondensate and a water-soluble inorganic compound, and adding titanium, alumina, silicon dioxide, and aluminum phosphate. And a flame retardant obtained by further adding a water-soluble adhesive and water.

The base agent is 10 to 40 wt%, the titanium is 4 to 20 wt%, the alumina is 12 to 40 wt%,
4 to 40 wt% of silicon dioxide, 10 to 40 wt% of aluminum phosphate, 20 to 40 wt% of a water-soluble adhesive,
5-20 wt% of water is added, preferably,
Base agent 40 wt%, titanium 8 wt%, alumina 15 wt%, silicon dioxide 6 wt%, aluminum phosphate 15 wt%, water-soluble adhesive 30 wt%, water 5
wt%.

[0008] The flame retardant of the present invention may be used as a combustible material such as paper, cardboard, wood, veneer, cloth and non-woven fabric, a noncombustible material such as metal and glass fiber, and a resin material such as polystyrene and urethane foam. A refractory material may be formed by applying or impregnating a substrate made of

As such a refractory material, a thin material having a curved surface may be used, or a lightweight foam resin material made of styrene foam may be used. Further, a flame retardant may be applied to at least one surface of the substrate, and the flame retardant may be used as an adhesive, and a surface finishing material such as bark or printed paper may be adhered thereto.

[0010]

The urea-based and / or melamine-based amino resin precondensate in the base agent forms a flame-retardant foamed carbonized layer when exposed to a flame together with carbohydrates. Inorganic compounds such as silicon, magnesium, calcium, aluminum and the like, which form a refractory ceramic foam layer. Further, when the water-soluble adhesive kneaded in the base agent is cured, the coating film is cured in a state in which the hygroscopic base agent is sealed, so that moisture absorption on the surface of the coating film can be suppressed.
Since the viscosity of such an adhesive before curing does not substantially change even when the temperature changes, the viscosity of the entire flame retardant kneaded with the adhesive also becomes stable.

In general, a water-soluble adhesive using a vinyl acetate emulsion or the like is vulnerable to heat even after curing and lacks flame retardancy, but titanium, alumina, silicon dioxide, and aluminum phosphate, which are added separately, are auxiliary agents that provide flame retardancy. To function as
The substrate can be sufficiently protected against a flame of about 1500 ° C. In addition, since these inorganic compounds also function as viscosity modifiers at the same time, the viscosity of the flame retardant as a whole can be adjusted only by changing the amount added together with the viscosity and amount of the adhesive kneaded with the base agent. It can be done easily. The numerical range of each component of the flame retardant was limited to the above range for the following reason. That is, when the content of each component is less than the lower limit, the function of each component is not sufficiently exhibited, and the formation of a foamed carbonized layer or a ceramic foamed layer is affected. If the content of each component is more than the upper limit, it is not only uneconomical, but also hinders the viscosity and the formation of the flame retardant layer.

The present invention also relates to paper, cardboard, wood,
Combustible materials such as veneer, cloth, and non-woven fabric, as well as
When applied to iron deformed by heat of about 00 ° C., deformation of iron can be prevented even when exposed to a flame of about 1500 ° C. Further, by using a thin and curved base material, a refractory material having a curved shape suitable for various uses can be obtained.

Further, if a lightweight foamed resin material made of styrene foam is used as the base material, a lightweight and inexpensive refractory material can be obtained whose thickness and shape can be freely set such as a plate shape and a block shape. Further, when the flame retardant according to the present invention is applied to such a base material at a predetermined thickness, the base material melts but is not burned even when exposed to a flame, so that no toxic combustion gas is generated. It is also suitable.

The flame retardant of the present invention exhibits an opaque white color and can be used as a wall material as it is, and it is needless to say that a colorant can be mixed before curing or painted after curing. Further, a flame retardant is applied to at least one surface of the base material, and the flame retardant is used as an adhesive, and a surface finishing material such as bark or printed paper is appropriately adhered. It is possible to obtain a refractory material having a suitable texture and aesthetic appearance as an interior material for a building, which is not visible from the outside.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

Embodiment 1

As base agents, urea-based and melamine-based resin initial condensate 40 wt%, calcium phosphate 10 wt%
%, Inorganic compound consisting of aluminum sulfate, silicon dioxide and zinc sulfate 0.5t%, maltose 3wt%, water 4
7 wt%, and a mixture of 0.5 wt% of other trace elements such as magnesium and manganese are used. 40 wt% of this base material, 8 wt% of titanium, 15 wt% of alumina,
6 wt% silicon dioxide and 15 w aluminum phosphate
30% of an adhesive obtained by mixing starch paste and vinyl acetate emulsion at a ratio of 80:20 by weight.
5% by weight of water and 5% by weight of water were added and stirred to obtain an opaque white flame retardant.

The flame retardant was applied in various thicknesses to the surface of a 5 mm-thick plywood and dried, and the surface was exposed to a gas burner flame to examine its flame retardant effect. The results are shown in Table 1 below. In addition, the time in the table is a time measured until the back surface is burnt and smoke is generated, and the thickness is 0 mm.
Only in the case of (i), that is, when the flame retardant was not applied, the time required for the surface to burn and generate a flame was measured. The temperature of the gas burner was in the range of 600 to 1500 ° C.

[0019]

[Table 1]

Embodiment 2

A base material having the same composition as in Example 1 was used.
%, 12 wt% of alumina, 4 wt% of silicon dioxide, and 10 wt% of aluminum phosphate.
40 wt% of an adhesive obtained by mixing the acrylic emulsion at a ratio of 70:30 by weight and 20 wt% of water were added and stirred to obtain an opaque white flame retardant.

Then, this flame retardant was applied to the surface of a cardboard having a thickness of 5 mm, and its flame retardant effect was examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0023]

[Table 2]

Embodiment 3

As a base material, a composition having the same composition as in Example 1 was used.
t%, 5 wt% alumina, 40 wt% silicon dioxide, 15 wt% aluminum phosphate, 10 wt% of an adhesive obtained by mixing starch paste and vinyl acetate emulsion in a weight ratio of 75:25, and 5 wt% of water, followed by stirring. Thus, an opaque white flame retardant was obtained.

Then, this flame retardant was applied to the surface of a styrene foam plate having a thickness of 50 mm, and its flame retardant effect was examined in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3 below. In addition, * mark in a table | surface shows the time until styrene foam burns up, and the part without * mark shows the time until styrene foam melt | dissolves without generating a flame or smoke under a flame retardant layer.

[0027]

[Table 3]

In the case of the first and second embodiments, the thickness is 0 m.
Except for the case of m, it was confirmed that the flame retardant applied to the surface was blackened by the flame of the gas burner, but did not ignite and no flame was observed. Further, in the case of the styrofoam plate of Example 3, if the thickness of the flame retardant layer is 0 and 0.1 mm, it burns up in several seconds to several tens of seconds, but the thickness is 0.5, 1, 2 mm
It was confirmed that it melted out without generating flame or smoke and no harmful combustion gas was generated.

Hereinafter, examples of the refractory material formed by using the flame retardant of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a refractory material using a non-woven fabric as a base material. The non-woven fabric 1 having a thickness of 3 mm is bent, and the surface thereof is impregnated with a flame retardant to form a refractory layer 2. And the refractory material 3 having a curved surface.

FIG. 2 shows an example in which a foamed resin material is used as a base material. A fireproof layer 5 made of a flame retardant is formed on the surface of a 1 cm thick styrofoam 4 to provide a lightweight fireproof material 6.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which a flame retardant is used as an adhesive and a surface finishing material is applied thereon. A fire retardant layer 8 is formed on a wood 7 as a base material, and a thinly-sliced natural bark 9 is adhered on the fire retardant layer 8 to form a refractory material 10 having the texture of a natural material.

[0033]

As described above, the flame retardant according to the present invention is in a state in which the hygroscopic base agent is sealed by the curing of the water-soluble adhesive kneaded with the base agent. Stickiness of the coating film surface can be suppressed. Since such an adhesive is stable in viscosity change due to temperature, the viscosity of the flame retardant kneaded with the adhesive is also stable, and the working efficiency can be increased. And
Since an inorganic compound of titanium, alumina, silicon dioxide, and aluminum phosphate is added as an auxiliary agent for providing flame retardancy, sufficient fire resistance can be ensured. Since these inorganic compounds also function as viscosity modifiers at the same time, the viscosity can be easily adjusted.

Further, by applying the flame retardant according to the present invention to a thin and curved base material, a refractory material having a curved shape can be obtained. Furthermore, if styrofoam is used as the base material, it is possible to obtain a lightweight and inexpensive refractory material whose shape can be easily selected.

Since the flame retardant of the present invention can be used also as an adhesive, a refractory material having a texture and appearance suitable for interior materials for buildings and the like can be obtained by appropriately attaching a surface finishing material. be able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a refractory material based on a nonwoven fabric.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a refractory material based on polystyrene foam.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing a refractory material to which bark is stuck.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 6 Nonwoven fabric 2 Flame retardant 3, 6, 10 Fireproof material 4 Styrofoam 5, 8 Fireproof layer 7 Wood 9 Natural bark

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) C09K 21/14 C08K 3/22 C08L 61/22 C09D 5/18 D06M 15/00 D21H 5/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A flame retardant mainly comprising a urea-based and / or melamine-based amino resin precondensate and a water-soluble inorganic compound. 20 wt% titanium, 12-40 wt%
Alumina, 4 to 40 wt% silicon dioxide, 10 to 4
0 wt% of aluminum phosphate is added, and 20 to 4
A flame retardant comprising 0 wt% of a water-soluble adhesive and 5 to 20 wt% of water. 2. A base agent comprising 40 wt% and titanium comprising 8 wt%.
%, Alumina 15 wt%, silicon dioxide 6 wt%,
Aluminum phosphate 15wt%, water soluble adhesive 30
The flame retardant according to claim 1, wherein 5 wt% of water and 5 wt% of water are added.