JP2824017B2 - Flame retardant cosmetic material - Google Patents
Flame retardant cosmetic materialInfo
- Publication number
- JP2824017B2 JP2824017B2 JP5349740A JP34974093A JP2824017B2 JP 2824017 B2 JP2824017 B2 JP 2824017B2 JP 5349740 A JP5349740 A JP 5349740A JP 34974093 A JP34974093 A JP 34974093A JP 2824017 B2 JP2824017 B2 JP 2824017B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- flame
- retardant
- weight
- ethylene
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は難燃性化粧材料に係
り、その目的は優れた難燃性と低発煙性とを兼ね備え、
火災発生時における危険性が低減されるため、家屋の天
井、壁に好適に使用することができ、かつ化粧材料の表
面は特有の柔らかい肌触りや風合いが損なわれることが
なく、表面の外観に優れた難燃性化粧材料を提供するこ
とにある。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flame-retardant cosmetic material, the purpose of which is to combine excellent flame retardancy and low smoke emission.
Since the danger at the time of fire occurrence is reduced, it can be used suitably for ceilings and walls of houses, and the surface of the decorative material is excellent in appearance without impairing the unique soft touch and texture. To provide a flame-retardant cosmetic material.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】家屋内装面の天井、壁面等に装飾性を付
与し、意匠性を良好にする目的で、或いは目張りや下地
の亀裂を隠す目的で化粧材が使用されている。この化粧
材としては、古くから藁半紙に亜鉛白を塗り、絵具で仕
上げを行なった壁紙が使用されていたが、近年ではメラ
ミン材等合成樹脂を用いた化粧合板或いは合成樹脂やレ
ーヨンからなるシート材料、壁紙等が広く使用されるよ
うになってきている。また、これらシート材料や壁紙等
の表面には、意匠性を高めたり、汚れを隠すために、壁
面への施工後、塗料が塗装されることも多くなってきて
いる。2. Description of the Related Art A decorative material has been used for the purpose of imparting decorativeness to a ceiling or a wall surface of an interior decoration of a house and improving the design, or for hiding a seam or a crack in a base. As this decorative material, wallpaper made by painting zinc white on straw semi-paper and finishing with paint has been used for a long time. In recent years, decorative plywood using synthetic resin such as melamine material or sheet material composed of synthetic resin or rayon has been used. , Wallpapers, etc. have been widely used. In addition, paints are often applied to the surfaces of these sheet materials, wallpaper, and the like after construction on the wall surfaces in order to enhance the design and hide dirt.
【０００３】ところが、前記した合成樹脂製の化粧合板
或いはシート材料では火災が発生した際に有毒ガスが生
じ、延焼するなどの危険性があるという問題があった。
また、塗装する場合においても通常の塗料では前記同様
に、火災時に危険性があるという問題があった。そこ
で、火災発生時の被害を小さくするために防火塗料が創
出され、前記化粧合板等の表面に塗装されていることが
多い。また、化粧材自体に難燃性が付与されたものとし
て、特開昭６０−１６１１４３号公報において、無機ウ
ール基材の表面に接着剤を介して、水酸化アルミニウム
がセルロース繊維の重量の２００〜１０００倍含有され
た不燃性シートを基紙とする化粧紙が積層してある不燃
化粧材が開示されている。However, in the case of the above-mentioned synthetic plywood or sheet material made of synthetic resin, there is a problem that toxic gas is generated when a fire occurs and there is a danger of fire spreading.
In addition, even in the case of painting, there is a problem that there is a danger at the time of a fire in the case of ordinary paint, as described above. Therefore, fire-resistant paints have been created to reduce damage in the event of a fire, and are often applied to the surface of the decorative plywood or the like. In addition, as a cosmetic material having flame retardancy, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-161143 discloses that aluminum hydroxide is added to the surface of an inorganic wool base material by an adhesive on the surface of an inorganic wool base material in an amount of 200 to 100% by weight of the cellulose fiber. A non-combustible decorative material in which decorative paper based on a non-combustible sheet containing 1000 times as a base paper is laminated is disclosed.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、現在創
出されている防火塗料は、自己消火性を備えてはいるも
のの燃焼時に発煙性があり、火災発生時には危険性があ
るなどの課題が存在していた。また、特開昭６０−１６
１１４３号公報において開示されている不燃化粧材は、
表面に化粧紙が積層されているため、やはり火災発生時
の危険性は残されており、しかも化粧紙に含有されてい
る水酸化アルミニウムの含有量がセルロース繊維の重量
の２００〜１０００倍であるため、化粧材表面の肌触り
や風合いが好ましくなく、装飾性に乏しいという欠点を
有していた。そこで、業界では、家屋内部の天井や壁面
に容易に貼着することができ、意匠性を付与するととも
に同時に優れた難燃性を備え、且つ火災発生時には発煙
量が極めて少ないなど、火災発生時の危険性が極めて小
さく、しかも化粧材の表面は特有の柔らかい肌触りや風
合いが損なわれることがなく、表面の外観に優れた難燃
性化粧材料の創出が望まれていた。However, although the fire-protection paints created at present have self-extinguishing properties, there are problems such as smoke emission when burning and danger when a fire occurs. Was. Also, JP-A-60-16
The non-combustible decorative material disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 1143 is
Since the decorative paper is laminated on the surface, the danger in the event of a fire still remains, and the content of aluminum hydroxide contained in the decorative paper is 200 to 1000 times the weight of the cellulose fiber. For this reason, the surface and the texture of the cosmetic material surface are unfavorable, and the decorative material is poor. Therefore, in the industry, it can be easily adhered to the ceiling or wall of a house interior, and it has a design property and at the same time has excellent flame retardancy. It has been desired to create a flame-retardant cosmetic material which has an extremely small danger, does not impair the characteristic soft touch and texture of the surface of the decorative material, and has an excellent surface appearance.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明は上記従来の課
題を解決するためになされたものであって、請求項１に
係る発明は、水酸化アルミニウムが含有されてなる裏打
紙の表面に無機繊維が固着され、更にこの無機繊維の表
面に難燃性塗料が塗工されてなる難燃性化粧材料であっ
て、該水酸化アルミニウムの含有量が裏打紙の重量に対
して８０重量％であることを特徴とする難燃性化粧材料
に関し、請求項２に係る発明は、前記難燃性塗料が塩化
ビニル変性率１０〜５０％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重
合体及び／又はアクリルエマルション樹脂、或いは塩化
ビニリデン変性率５〜５０％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共
重合体及び／又はアクリルエマルション樹脂であって、
それぞれの樹脂固形分が３０〜７０重量％とされるエマ
ルション樹脂の中から選択された一種又は二種以上の樹
脂を主成分として含有してなることを特徴とする請求項
１に記載の難燃性化粧材料に関する。また、請求項３に
係る発明は、前記難燃性塗料が塩化ビニル変性率１０〜
５０％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及び／又はアク
リルエマルション樹脂、或いは塩化ビニリデン変性率５
〜５０％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及び／又はア
クリルエマルション樹脂であって、それぞれの樹脂固形
分が３０〜７０重量％とされるエマルション樹脂の中か
ら選択された一種又は二種以上の樹脂を１５〜７０重量
部と、無機系難燃剤、リン系難燃剤、ハロゲン系有機難
燃剤の中から選択された一種又は二種以上の難燃剤が１
〜５０重量部配合されてなることを特徴とする請求項１
に記載の難燃性化粧材料に関し、請求項４に係る発明
は、前記難燃性塗料が前記無機繊維の表面に１００〜８
００ｇ／ｍ２（未乾燥重量）塗工されてなることを特徴
とする請求項２又は３に記載の難燃性化粧材料に関す
る。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the invention according to claim 1 provides an inorganic hydroxide on the surface of a backing paper containing aluminum hydroxide. A flame-retardant decorative material in which fibers are fixed and a flame-retardant paint is applied on the surface of the inorganic fibers, wherein the content of the aluminum hydroxide is 80% by weight based on the weight of the backing paper. The invention according to claim 2 relates to a flame-retardant cosmetic material, wherein the flame-retardant paint is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and / or an acrylic emulsion resin having a vinyl chloride modification rate of 10 to 50%. Alternatively, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and / or an acrylic emulsion resin having a vinylidene chloride modification rate of 5 to 50%,
2. The flame retardant according to claim 1, wherein one or more resins selected from emulsion resins having a resin solid content of 30 to 70% by weight are contained as main components. Related to cosmetic cosmetic materials. Further, in the invention according to claim 3, the flame-retardant paint has a vinyl chloride modification rate of 10 to 10.
50% ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and / or acrylic emulsion resin or vinylidene chloride modification rate 5
1 to 50% of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and / or an acrylic emulsion resin, wherein each resin has a solid content of 30 to 70% by weight. And 15 to 70 parts by weight of one or more flame retardants selected from inorganic flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, and halogen organic flame retardants.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the amount is from 50 to 50 parts by weight.
The invention according to claim 4, wherein the flame-retardant paint is applied to the surface of the inorganic fiber by 100 to 8%.
The flame-retardant cosmetic material according to claim 2, wherein the material is coated with 00 g / m 2 (dry weight).
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の構成】以下、この発明に係る難燃性化粧材料の
構成について詳述する。この発明の難燃性化粧材料は、
水酸化アルミニウムを含有する裏打紙を基材としてお
り、この基材の表面に無機繊維が、更にこの無機繊維の
表面に難燃性塗料が塗工されてなる。裏打紙として、水
酸化アルミニウムを含有する裏打紙を使用するのは、水
酸化アルミニウム自体が有害ガスを発生しない難燃性材
料であるとともに、火災発生時には熱により容易に分解
されて水蒸気を放出する自己消火型材料であるため、化
粧材料が燃焼して温度が上がっても、突発的に炎が広が
るフラッシュオーバーが起こりにくく、延焼しにくいた
め、好ましく使用できるからである。また、この水酸化
アルミニウムの含有量は裏打紙の重量に対して８０重量
％とされる。この理由は、水酸化アルミニウムの含有量
が多すぎると、化粧材料が有する表面の柔らかい肌触り
や風合いが損なわれてしまい、好ましくないからであ
る。さらに、この裏打紙の形状、大きさ等は特に限定さ
れず、使用目的等に応じて適宜任意に選択して使用すれ
ばよいが、重量としては、５０〜２００ｇ／ｍ２の範囲
内のものを使用するのが望ましい。この理由は、裏打紙
の重量が５０ｇ／ｍ２未満であると、薄くなりすぎ、製
造が困難になるとともに、後述する無機繊維との固着が
充分に行なえず、一方、２００ｇ／ｍ２を超えると、柔
軟性がなくなり、天井や壁面への貼着作業性が悪くなる
とともに、剥がれやすくなるため、いずれの場合も好ま
しくないからである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The construction of the flame-retardant decorative material according to the present invention will be described below in detail. The flame-retardant cosmetic material of the present invention comprises:
A backing paper containing aluminum hydroxide is used as a base material, and the surface of the base material is coated with inorganic fibers, and the surface of the inorganic fibers is coated with a flame-retardant paint. As the backing paper, the backing paper containing aluminum hydroxide is used because aluminum hydroxide itself is a flame-retardant material that does not generate harmful gas, and when a fire occurs, it is easily decomposed by heat and releases water vapor Because it is a self-extinguishing type material, even if the decorative material is burned and the temperature rises, flashover in which flame spreads suddenly is unlikely to occur, and it is difficult to spread fire, so that it can be preferably used. The content of aluminum hydroxide was 80 % by weight of the backing paper.
% . The reason for this is that if the content of aluminum hydroxide is too large, the soft touch and feel of the surface of the decorative material is impaired, which is not preferable. Furthermore, the shape, size, etc. of the backing paper are not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected and used depending on the purpose of use, etc., but the weight is in the range of 50 to 200 g / m 2. It is desirable to use The reason for this is that if the weight of the backing paper is less than 50 g / m 2 , it will be too thin and difficult to manufacture, and it will not be possible to sufficiently adhere to the inorganic fibers described below, while on the other hand it will exceed 200 g / m 2 This is because flexibility is lost, the workability of sticking to a ceiling or a wall surface is deteriorated, and the film is easily peeled off.
【０００７】裏打紙の表面には無機繊維が固着され、こ
れにより、化粧材料の表面は装飾性に優れたものとな
る。無機繊維としては、ガラス繊維、アルミナ繊維、チ
タン酸カリウム繊維等の鉱物性無機繊維、或いはその他
金属繊維、スラッグ繊維等の難燃性を有する無機繊維の
一種又は二種以上が特に限定されることなく好適に使用
される。このような無機繊維は裏打紙の表面に接着剤を
介して固着される。使用される接着剤としては、アクリ
ル樹脂、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体樹脂、塩化ビニ
ル樹脂、塩化ビニリデン樹脂等の接着剤が特に限定され
ることなく好適に使用される。このように無機繊維の固
着に使用される接着剤の重量は、５〜２０ｇ／ｍ２とさ
れるのが好ましい。この理由は、接着剤の使用重量が５
ｇ／ｍ２未満であると、無機繊維の接着強度が不充分で
あり、一方、２０ｇ／ｍ２を超えて使用されると、この
化粧材料自体が燃焼しやすくなるため、いずれの場合も
好ましくないからである。また、前記無機繊維は接着剤
により、裏打紙の表面に５０〜６００ｇ／ｍ２の重量で
固着されるのが望ましい。この理由は、無機繊維の固着
重量が５０ｇ／ｍ２未満であると、表面の装飾性が乏し
く、一方、６００ｇ／ｍ２を超えて固着されると、無機
繊維間に空気を含んだり、重量が重いため、燃焼中に剥
がれ、フラッシュオーバーの原因となり、いずれの場合
も好ましくないからである。[0007] Inorganic fibers are adhered to the surface of the backing paper, thereby making the surface of the decorative material excellent in decorativeness. As the inorganic fibers, one or two or more kinds of inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, alumina fibers, and potassium titanate fibers, or other inorganic fibers having flame retardancy such as metal fibers and slug fibers are particularly limited. It is preferably used without. Such inorganic fibers are fixed to the surface of the backing paper via an adhesive. As the adhesive used, an adhesive such as an acrylic resin, an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer resin, a vinyl chloride resin, or a vinylidene chloride resin is suitably used without any particular limitation. As described above, the weight of the adhesive used for fixing the inorganic fibers is preferably 5 to 20 g / m 2 . The reason is that the weight of the adhesive used is 5
When the amount is less than g / m 2 , the adhesive strength of the inorganic fiber is insufficient. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 20 g / m 2 , the cosmetic material itself easily burns. Because there is no. Preferably, the inorganic fibers are fixed to the backing paper surface at a weight of 50 to 600 g / m 2 by an adhesive. The reason is that if the fixed weight of the inorganic fiber is less than 50 g / m 2 , the decorativeness of the surface is poor, while if the fixed weight exceeds 600 g / m 2 , air is contained between the inorganic fibers and the weight is reduced. Is heavy, and peels off during combustion, causing flashover, which is not preferable in any case.
【０００８】以上のように水酸化アルミニウムを含有し
た裏打紙表面に、５０〜６００ｇ／ｍ２の無機繊維が固
着され、更にこの無機繊維の表面に難燃性塗料が塗工さ
れて、この発明に係る難燃性化粧材料とされる。従つ
て、難燃性化粧材料の難燃性がより高められとともに、
無機繊維のほぐれや化粧材料表面の汚れを防いで、無機
繊維による装飾性、化粧材料表面の柔らかい肌触りや風
合いを維持することができる。難燃性塗料は、難燃性化
粧材料を屋内の壁面や天井に貼る前に、難燃性化粧材料
製造工場で塗工しても、或いは建築現場において、壁面
や天井に難燃性化粧材料を貼った後で塗工してもよい。
塗工する難燃性塗料としては、従来公知の難燃性塗料が
好適に使用されるが、より望ましくは、次に詳述する難
燃性塗料を塗工すると、火災発生時の難燃性や低発煙性
が良好であるためより好ましい。As described above, 50 to 600 g / m 2 of inorganic fibers are fixed on the surface of the backing paper containing aluminum hydroxide, and the surface of the inorganic fibers is coated with a flame-retardant paint. And a flame-retardant cosmetic material. Therefore, as the flame retardancy of the flame retardant cosmetic material is further enhanced,
By preventing loosening of the inorganic fibers and dirt on the surface of the decorative material, it is possible to maintain the decorativeness of the inorganic fibers and the soft touch and texture of the surface of the decorative material. The flame-retardant paint can be applied to the wall or ceiling before applying the flame-retardant cosmetic material to the indoor wall or ceiling, or at the building site. You may apply after sticking.
As the flame-retardant paint to be applied, a conventionally known flame-retardant paint is preferably used, and more preferably, the flame-retardant paint described in detail below is applied to obtain a flame-retardant paint in the event of a fire. It is more preferable because of its excellent low smoke emission.
【０００９】前記難燃性化粧材料に塗工する難燃性塗料
として最も好ましい塗料は、塩化ビニル変性率１０〜５
０％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及び／又はアクリ
ルエマルション樹脂、或いは塩化ビニリデン変性率５〜
５０％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及び／又はアク
リルエマルション樹脂であって、それぞれの樹脂固形分
が３０〜７０重量％とされるエマルション樹脂の中から
選択された一種又は二種以上の樹脂が主成分として使用
された難燃性塗料である。The most preferred flame-retardant paint applied to the flame-retardant decorative material is a vinyl chloride modification rate of 10 to 5%.
0% ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and / or acrylic emulsion resin or vinylidene chloride modification rate 5
50% of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and / or an acrylic emulsion resin, wherein one or two or more resins selected from emulsion resins each having a resin solid content of 30 to 70% by weight are It is a flame-retardant paint used as a main component.
【００１０】ここで、特に塩化ビニル又は塩化ビニリデ
ン変性がなされたエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体エマル
ション樹脂若しくはアクリルエマルション樹脂を使用す
る理由は、これらの樹脂が塗膜の耐久性を確保し、且つ
充分な難燃性を得ることができるため、この発明におい
て好ましく使用できるからである。さらに、塩化ビニル
変性率を１０〜５０％、塩化ビニリデン変性率を５〜５
０％としたのは、塩化ビニル変性率が１０％未満、或い
は塩化ビニリデン変性率が５％未満であると、充分な難
燃性が発現されず、一方、塩化ビニル変性率が５０％、
或いは塩化ビニリデン変性率が５０％を超えると、紫外
線やアルカリ物質により塗膜が黄変したり、塗料化した
場合の塗料の貯蔵安定性が悪くなり、いずれの場合も好
ましくないからである。The reason for using an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion resin or an acrylic emulsion resin modified with vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride in particular is that these resins ensure the durability of the coating film and are sufficient. This is because it is possible to obtain excellent flame retardancy, and thus it can be preferably used in the present invention. Further, the vinyl chloride modification rate is 10 to 50%, and the vinylidene chloride modification rate is 5 to 5%.
The reason why 0% is set is that if the vinyl chloride modification rate is less than 10% or the vinylidene chloride modification rate is less than 5%, sufficient flame retardancy is not exhibited, while the vinyl chloride modification rate is 50%,
Alternatively, if the vinylidene chloride modification rate exceeds 50%, the coating film becomes yellow due to ultraviolet rays or an alkali substance, or the storage stability of the coating material when formed into a coating material is deteriorated, and in either case, it is not preferable.
【００１１】エマルション樹脂の配合量は特に限定はさ
れないが、エマルション樹脂として、塗料中に１５〜７
０重量部配合されるのが好ましい。この理由は、上記特
定のエマルション樹脂の配合量が１５重量部未満である
と、得られた塗膜がもろくなり、ヒビ割れなどの原因と
なり、一方、配合量が７０重量部を超えると、顔料濃度
が低くなるため塗膜の隠蔽力が小さくなりスケ等の原因
となったり、また塗膜の粘着性が強くなるため汚れ等が
付着しやすくなり、さらには難燃性や低発煙性に悪影響
を及ぼしたりするため、いずれの場合も好ましくないか
らである。The blending amount of the emulsion resin is not particularly limited.
It is preferable to mix 0 parts by weight. The reason for this is that if the amount of the specific emulsion resin is less than 15 parts by weight, the obtained coating film becomes brittle and causes cracks. On the other hand, if the amount exceeds 70 parts by weight, the pigment Since the concentration is low, the concealing power of the coating film is small and causes scum, etc.In addition, the adhesion of the coating film is strong, so that dirt etc. is easily attached, further adversely affecting flame retardancy and low smoke generation. In any case, it is not preferable.
【００１２】さらに、この難燃性塗料に、前記特定のエ
マルション樹脂以外に無機系難燃剤、リン系難燃剤、ハ
ロゲン系有機難燃剤の中から選択された一種又は二種以
上の難燃剤を配合することも可能である。無機系難燃剤
としては、炭酸カルシウム、三酸化アンチモン、アンチ
モンソーダ、硅酸ジルコン、酸化ジルコン等のジルコニ
ウム化合物、水酸化アルミニウム、塩基性炭酸マグネシ
ウム、硼砂、硼酸亜鉛、三酸化モリブデン、或いはジモ
リブデン酸アンチモンと水酸化アルミの錯体、三酸化ア
ンチモンとシリカの錯体、三酸化アンチモンと亜鉛華の
錯体、ジルコニウムの硅酸塩、ジルコニウム化合物と三
酸化アンチモンの錯体等の複合無機系難燃剤等が好適な
実施例として例示されるが特に限定はされない。また、
リン系難燃剤としては、リン酸アンモン、トリクレジル
ホスフェート、ジフェニルオクチルホスフェート等のリ
ン酸エステル等が好適な実施例として例示されるが特に
限定はされない。ハロゲン系有機難燃剤としては、塩化
パラフィン、塩化アンチモン、塩化ジフェニル等が好適
な実施例として例示されるが、特に限定はされない。こ
こで、これら難燃剤は、塗料中に１〜５０重量部配合さ
れる。この理由は難燃剤の配合が１重量部未満である
と、難燃剤配合による難燃性を十分発現することができ
ず、一方５０重量部を超えて配合されると塗膜の耐水
性、耐アルカリ性などの劣化を招き、また紫外線などに
より変色の恐れがあるためいずれの場合も好ましくない
からである。Further, in addition to the specific emulsion resin, one or more flame retardants selected from inorganic flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants, and halogen organic flame retardants are blended with the flame retardant paint. It is also possible. Examples of inorganic flame retardants include zirconium compounds such as calcium carbonate, antimony trioxide, antimony soda, zirconium silicate, and zirconium oxide, aluminum hydroxide, basic magnesium carbonate, borax, zinc borate, molybdenum trioxide, or dimolybdate. Complex inorganic flame retardants such as antimony and aluminum hydroxide complex, antimony trioxide and silica complex, antimony trioxide and zinc white complex, zirconium silicate, zirconium compound and antimony trioxide complex are suitable. Although illustrated as an example, there is no particular limitation. Also,
Preferred examples of the phosphorus-based flame retardant include, but are not particularly limited to, phosphates such as ammonium phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, and diphenyloctyl phosphate. Preferred examples of the halogen-based organic flame retardant include paraffin chloride, antimony chloride, and diphenyl chloride, but are not particularly limited thereto. Here, these flame retardants are mixed in the coating material in an amount of 1 to 50 parts by weight. The reason for this is that if the amount of the flame retardant is less than 1 part by weight, the flame retardancy due to the compounding of the flame retardant cannot be sufficiently exhibited. This is because it is not preferable in any case since deterioration such as alkalinity is caused and discoloration may be caused by ultraviolet rays or the like.
【００１３】さらに、この難燃性塗料において使用され
る着色顔料としては、二酸化チタン、チタンイエロー、
アンバー、ベンガラ、黄鉛、紺青、カーボンブラック、
群青、マンガン紫等の無機系顔料、ハンザエロー、ベン
ジジンエロー、トルイジンレッド、フタロシアニンブル
ー、フタロシアニングリーン、フタロシアニンブルー、
ファストスカイブルー、ジオキサンバイオレット等の有
機系顔料が好適な実施例として例示されるが、特に限定
はされない。さらに、前記着色顔料と共に、バライト、
炭酸カルシウム、クレー、タルク等の体質顔料を併用し
て使用することも任意である。また、他の着色顔料、分
散剤、消泡剤、増粘剤、防腐剤などの、通常の塗料に使
用される任意の添加物も、この発明の効果を損なわない
範囲で特に限定されることなく適宜好適に使用すること
ができる。Further, as the coloring pigment used in the flame retardant paint, titanium dioxide, titanium yellow,
Amber, Bengala, graphite, navy blue, carbon black,
Ultramarine, inorganic pigments such as manganese purple, Hansa Yellow, Benzidine Yellow, Toluidine Red, Phthalocyanine Blue, Phthalocyanine Green, Phthalocyanine Blue,
Organic pigments such as fast sky blue and dioxane violet are exemplified as preferred examples, but are not particularly limited. Further, along with the coloring pigment, barite,
It is also optional to use an extender such as calcium carbonate, clay or talc in combination. Also, any additives used in ordinary paints, such as other coloring pigments, dispersants, defoamers, thickeners, preservatives, etc., are also particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. And it can be suitably used.
【００１４】以上で得られた難燃性塗料は、難燃性化粧
材料製造工場で塗工される場合は、難燃性化粧材料にロ
ールコーター、フローコーターやナイフコーターなどに
より塗装され、建築現場においては、屋内の壁面や天井
に貼られた難燃性化粧材料にハケ、ローラー、スプレー
などによりそれぞれ１００〜８００ｇ／ｍ２（未乾燥重
量）塗装されて用いられる。塗工量を１００〜８００ｇ
／ｍ２（未乾燥重量）とするのは、１００ｇ／ｍ２未満
では、一部の無機繊維が剥き出しになり、仕上がりにむ
らができる恐れがあり、また、８００ｇ／ｍ２を超える
と、化粧材料表面の風合いが損なわれてしまい、いずれ
の場合も好ましくないからである。尚、難燃性化粧材料
を貼る時は、壁装材料協会制定「壁装標準施工法−１９
８３−」の防火仕上げに従って行なう。When the flame-retardant paint obtained above is applied in a flame-retardant cosmetic material manufacturing plant, it is applied to the flame-retardant cosmetic material by a roll coater, a flow coater, a knife coater, etc. In this method, a flame-retardant decorative material stuck on an indoor wall surface or ceiling is coated with a brush, a roller, a spray, or the like, and each is applied in an amount of 100 to 800 g / m 2 (dry weight). 100-800g coating amount
/ M 2 to a (wet weight), is less than 100 g / m 2, a portion of the inorganic fibers become exposed, there is a possibility that it is uneven finish, also exceeds 800 g / m 2, decorative This is because the texture of the material surface is impaired, which is not preferable in any case. When sticking the flame-retardant cosmetic material, the “Wall Cover Standard Construction Method-19”
83- ".
【００１５】以上説明したように、この発明の難燃性化
粧材料は、水酸化アルミニウムを含有する裏打紙を基材
としており、この基材の表面に無機繊維が、更にこの無
機繊維の表面に難燃性塗料が塗工されてなるので、化粧
材料の基材部分と表面の両方から多層的に難燃性が発揮
され、極めて優れた難燃性を有することとなる。As described above, the flame-retardant decorative material of the present invention is based on a backing paper containing aluminum hydroxide, and the surface of the substrate is coated with inorganic fibers, and the surface of the inorganic fibers is further coated with inorganic fibers. Since the flame-retardant paint is applied, the flame retardancy is exhibited in a multilayered manner from both the base portion and the surface of the decorative material, so that the decorative material has extremely excellent flame retardancy.
【００１６】[0016]
【実施例】以下、この発明に係る難燃性化粧材料の効果
を実施例を挙げることにより、一層明確なものとする。
但し、この発明は以下の実施例により、何ら限定される
ことはない。EXAMPLES The effects of the flame-retardant decorative material according to the present invention will be further clarified by giving examples.
However, the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
【００１７】〔化粧材料〕 （実施例１〜７及び比較例１〜２） 水酸化アルミニウムを８０％混入したパルプ材料より形
成された裏打紙（１２０ｇ／ｍ２）（２２０×２２０ｍ
ｍ）の表面に、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合エマルショ
ン樹脂からなる接着剤を介して、表１に示すようにガラ
ス繊維又はアルミナ繊維を固着させて実施例１〜７の化
粧材料を作製した。（尚、この実施例及び比較例におけ
るガラス繊維又はアルミナ繊維の固着量及び接着剤の使
用量はそれぞれ表１に示す処方に従った。）また、前記
水酸化アルミニウムを８０％混入したパルプ材料より形
成された裏打紙に代えて、難燃紙或いは水酸化アルミニ
ウムを２００％混入したパルプ材料より形成された裏打
紙を用いた以外は前記実施例と同様の比較例１〜２の化
粧材料を作製した。[Cosmetic Material] (Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2) Backing paper (120 g / m 2 ) (220 × 220 m) formed from a pulp material mixed with 80% of aluminum hydroxide
As shown in Table 1, glass fibers or alumina fibers were fixed to the surface of m) via an adhesive made of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion resin to produce decorative materials of Examples 1 to 7. (The fixing amount of the glass fiber or alumina fiber and the amount of the adhesive used in the examples and the comparative examples respectively follow the formulations shown in Table 1.) Further, the pulp material containing 80% of the aluminum hydroxide was used. The decorative materials of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were prepared in the same manner as in the above Example, except that the formed backing paper was replaced with a fire-resistant paper or a backing paper formed from a pulp material mixed with 200% of aluminum hydroxide. did.
【００１８】[0018]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１９】〔塗料〕 （実施例８〜１１及び比較例３〜７） 塩化ビニル変性又は塩化ビニリデン変性を有するエチレ
ン・酢酸ビニル共重合体樹脂エマルション樹脂を主成分
樹脂とし、この主成分樹脂に難燃剤（三酸化アンチモ
ン）、顔料（酸化チタン）、水、消泡剤、増粘剤をそれ
ぞれ表２に示す処方に従って添加し、これらを通常の塗
料製造方法により調製し、実施例８〜１１び比較例３〜
７の塗料を得た。（尚、使用したエチレン・酢酸ビニル
共重合体樹脂エマルション樹脂における塩化ビニル変性
率又は塩化ビニリデン変性率、及びこの主成分樹脂にお
ける樹脂固形分含有量についても表２に示す。）[Coatings] (Examples 8 to 11 and Comparative Examples 3 to 7) An ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer resin emulsion resin modified with vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride is used as a main component resin. A flame retardant (antimony trioxide), a pigment (titanium oxide), water, an antifoaming agent, and a thickener were respectively added according to the formulations shown in Table 2, and these were prepared by a usual coating production method. Comparative Examples 3 to
7 was obtained. (Table 2 also shows the vinyl chloride modification ratio or vinylidene chloride modification ratio of the used ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer resin emulsion resin, and the resin solid content of the main component resin.)
【００２０】[0020]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２１】[0021]
【試験例】（試験例１） 実施例８〜１１及び比較例３〜７で得られた塗料につい
て、それぞれ作業性、低温安定性、塗膜の外観、
耐水性、耐アルカリ性、耐洗浄性、耐候性の各
項目について、ＪＩＳ Ｋ５６６３（１９８７）に従っ
て試験した。この結果を表３に示す。[Test Example] (Test Example 1) For the paints obtained in Examples 8 to 11 and Comparative Examples 3 to 7, workability, low-temperature stability, appearance of coating film,
Each item of water resistance, alkali resistance, washing resistance, and weather resistance was tested according to JIS K5663 (1987). Table 3 shows the results.
【００２２】[0022]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００２３】（試験例２） まず、実施例１〜７及び比較例１〜２で得られた化粧材
料を石綿セメントパーライト板（厚さ１０ｍｍ）（不燃
第１００１号）の表面に接着材（でんぷんのり、エチレ
ン・酢酸ビニル系混合物）を介して貼着した。この表面
に前記実施例８〜１１及び比較例３〜７で調製された塗
料をローラーにより塗装し、以下に示す試験に供する試
料Ａ〜Ｍを作製した。この試料Ａ〜Ｍにおける化粧材料
と塗料の組合せ、及び塗装される塗料の重量を表４に示
す。(Test Example 2) First, the decorative materials obtained in Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were bonded to the surface of an asbestos cement pearlite plate (thickness 10 mm) (No. 1001) using an adhesive (starch). (A glue, ethylene-vinyl acetate-based mixture). The coatings prepared in Examples 8 to 11 and Comparative Examples 3 to 7 were applied to the surface with a roller to prepare Samples A to M to be used in the tests described below. Table 4 shows the combinations of the decorative materials and the paints in Samples A to M, and the weights of the paints to be painted.
【００２４】[0024]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００２５】前記試料Ａ〜Ｍについて、それぞれ昭和４
５年建設省告示第１８２８号に規定する表面試験を行な
い、発煙係数、残炎時間、防火上有用な溶融、キ
レツの幅・長さ（ｍｍ）、温度・時間面積、外観の
各項目について試験した。この結果を表５に示す。Each of the samples A to M was shown in Showa 4
Performed the surface test specified in Notification No. 1828 of the Ministry of Construction for 5 years, and tested each item of smoke emission coefficient, afterflame time, melting useful for fire prevention, width and length (mm) of cricket, temperature and time area, and appearance. did. Table 5 shows the results.
【００２６】[0026]
【表５】 [Table 5]
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の効果】以上詳述した如く、請求項１に係る発明
は、水酸化アルミニウムが含有されてなる裏打紙の表面
に無機繊維が固着され、更にこの無機繊維の表面に難燃
性塗料が塗工されてなる難燃性化粧材料であって、該水
酸化アルミニウムの含有量が裏打紙の重量に対して８０
重量％であることを特徴とする難燃性化粧材料に関する
ものであるから、以下のような効果を奏する。即ち、裏
打紙として、難燃性でしかも自己消化型である水酸化ア
ルミニウムが含有されてなる裏打紙を使用することによ
り、基材層となる裏打紙に難燃性が付与されるので、化
粧材料が燃焼して温度が上がってたとしてもフラッシュ
オーバーが起こりにくいため、火災発生時の危険性も小
さく、しかもこの水酸化アルミニウムの含有量が、裏打
紙の重量に対して８０重量％であることにより、化粧材
料表面の風合いが維持されるという効果を奏する。ま
た、裏打紙の表面に無機繊維が固着されることにより、
化粧材料の表面にも難燃性が付与されるとともに、無機
繊維のほぐれや化粧材料表面の汚れを防いで、無機繊維
による装飾性、化粧材料表面の柔らかい肌触りや風合い
を維持することができる。また、請求項２に係る発明
は、前記難燃性塗料が塩化ビニル変性率１０〜５０％の
エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及び／又はアクリルエマ
ルション樹脂、或いは塩化ビニリデン変性率５〜５０％
のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及び／又はアクリルエ
マルション樹脂であって、それぞれの樹脂固形分が３０
〜７０重量％とされるエマルション樹脂の中から選択さ
れた一種又は二種以上の樹脂を主成分として含有してな
ることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の難燃性化粧材料に
関し、請求項３に係る発明は、前記難燃性塗料が塩化ビ
ニル変性率１０〜５０％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合
体及び／又はアクリルエマルション樹脂、或いは塩化ビ
ニリデン変性率５〜５０％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重
合体及び／又はアクリルエマルション樹脂であって、そ
れぞれの樹脂固形分が３０〜７０重量％とされるエマル
ション樹脂の中から選択された一種又は二種以上の樹脂
を１５〜７０重量部と、無機系難燃剤、リン系難燃剤、
ハロゲン系有機難燃剤の中から選択された一種又は二種
以上の難燃剤が１〜５０重量部配合されてなることを特
徴とする請求項１に記載の難燃性化粧材料に関するもの
であるから、化粧材料は、難燃性を有するとともに燃焼
時の発煙性が低いため、火災発生時における危険性が小
さく、しかも化粧材料の表面は特有の風合いが維持さ
れ、家屋の壁、天井の内装用化粧材料として表面の外観
も極めて優れるという効果を奏する。更に、請求項４に
係る発明は、前記難燃性塗料が前記無機繊維の表面に１
００〜８００ｇ／ｍ２（未乾燥重量）塗工されてなるこ
とを特徴とする請求項２又は３に記載の難燃性化粧材料
に関するものであるから、むらなく美しく仕上げること
ができるという効果を奏する。As described in detail above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, inorganic fibers are fixed on the surface of a backing paper containing aluminum hydroxide, and a flame-retardant paint is further applied to the surface of the inorganic fibers. A flame-retardant decorative material coated, wherein the content of the aluminum hydroxide is 80 to the weight of the backing paper.
Since the present invention relates to a flame-retardant cosmetic material characterized by its weight percentage , it has the following effects. That is, by using a backing paper containing aluminum hydroxide, which is flame-retardant and self-digesting, as the backing paper, the backing paper serving as the base layer is provided with flame retardancy. Even if the material is burned and the temperature rises, flashover is unlikely to occur, so that the risk of fire is small, and the content of aluminum hydroxide is 80% by weight based on the weight of the backing paper. This produces an effect that the texture of the surface of the decorative material is maintained. In addition, by fixing inorganic fibers to the surface of the backing paper,
In addition to imparting flame retardancy to the surface of the cosmetic material, it is also possible to prevent loosening of the inorganic fibers and dirt on the surface of the cosmetic material, and maintain the decorativeness of the inorganic fibers and the soft touch and texture of the surface of the cosmetic material. The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the flame-retardant paint is an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and / or an acrylic emulsion resin having a vinyl chloride modification ratio of 10 to 50%, or a vinylidene chloride modification ratio of 5 to 50%.
Ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and / or acrylic emulsion resin having a resin solid content of 30
The flame-retardant cosmetic material according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains, as a main component, one or two or more resins selected from emulsion resins in an amount of from 70 to 70% by weight. The invention according to claim 3, wherein the flame-retardant paint is an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and / or an acrylic emulsion resin having a vinyl chloride modification rate of 10 to 50%, or an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer having a vinylidene chloride modification rate of 5 to 50%. 15 to 70 parts by weight of one or two or more resins selected from emulsion resins each of which is a polymer and / or an acrylic emulsion resin having a resin solid content of 30 to 70% by weight; Flame retardants, phosphorus flame retardants,
The flame retardant cosmetic material according to claim 1, wherein one or more flame retardants selected from halogen-based organic flame retardants are blended in an amount of 1 to 50 parts by weight. Since the cosmetic material has flame retardancy and low smoke emission when burning, the danger in the event of a fire is small, and the surface of the cosmetic material maintains a unique texture, and is used for interior decoration of walls and ceilings of houses. This has the effect that the surface appearance is extremely excellent as a cosmetic material. Further, the invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the flame-retardant paint is applied to the surface of the inorganic fiber by one.
4. The flame-retardant cosmetic material according to claim 2 or 3 which is coated with a non-dried weight of 00 to 800 g / m 2 (undried weight). Play.
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 ＦＩ Ｃ０９Ｄ 133/06 Ｃ０９Ｄ 133/06 Ｃ０９Ｋ 21/14 Ｃ０９Ｋ 21/14 Ｅ０４Ｂ 1/94 Ｅ０４Ｂ 1/94 Ｗ (56)参考文献 特開 昭60−161143（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平２−60971（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) B32B 1/00 - 35/00Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification symbol FI C09D 133/06 C09D 133/06 C09K 21/14 C09K 21/14 E04B 1/94 E04B 1/94 W (56) References JP-A Sho 60- 161143 (JP, A) JP-A-2-60971 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) B32B 1/00-35/00
Claims (4)
打紙の表面に無機繊維が固着され、更にこの無機繊維の
表面に難燃性塗料が塗工されてなる難燃性化粧材料であ
って、該水酸化アルミニウムの含有量が裏打紙の重量に
対して８０重量％であることを特徴とする難燃性化粧材
料。1. A flame-retardant decorative material comprising an inorganic fiber fixed to a surface of a backing paper containing aluminum hydroxide, and a flame-retardant paint applied to the surface of the inorganic fiber, A flame-retardant decorative material, wherein the content of the aluminum hydroxide is 80% by weight based on the weight of the backing paper.
〜５０％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及び／又はア
クリルエマルション樹脂、或いは塩化ビニリデン変性率
５〜５０％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及び／又は
アクリルエマルション樹脂であって、それぞれの樹脂固
形分が３０〜７０重量％とされるエマルション樹脂の中
から選択された一種又は二種以上の樹脂を主成分として
含有してなることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の難燃性
化粧材料。2. The flame-retardant paint has a vinyl chloride modification rate of 10%.
50 to 50% of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and / or an acrylic emulsion resin, or an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and / or an acrylic emulsion resin having a vinylidene chloride modification rate of 5 to 50%, each of which has a resin solid content of The flame-retardant cosmetic material according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains, as a main component, one or two or more resins selected from emulsion resins having a content of 30 to 70% by weight.
〜５０％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及び／又はア
クリルエマルション樹脂、或いは塩化ビニリデン変性率
５〜５０％のエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体及び／又は
アクリルエマルション樹脂であって、それぞれの樹脂固
形分が３０〜７０重量％とされるエマルション樹脂の中
から選択された一種又は二種以上の樹脂を１５〜７０重
量部と、無機系難燃剤、リン系難燃剤、ハロゲン系有機
難燃剤の中から選択された一種又は二種以上の難燃剤が
１〜５０重量部配合されてなることを特徴とする請求項
１に記載の難燃性化粧材料。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the flame-retardant paint has a vinyl chloride modification ratio of 10.
50 to 50% of an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and / or an acrylic emulsion resin, or an ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer and / or an acrylic emulsion resin having a vinylidene chloride modification rate of 5 to 50%, each of which has a resin solid content of 15 to 70 parts by weight of one or two or more resins selected from emulsion resins in which the content is 30 to 70% by weight, and selected from inorganic flame retardants, phosphorus-based flame retardants, and halogen-based organic flame retardants. The flame-retardant cosmetic material according to claim 1, wherein 1 to 50 parts by weight of one or more selected flame retardants are blended.
１００〜８００ｇ／ｍ２（未乾燥重量）塗工されてなる
ことを特徴とする請求項２又は３に記載の難燃性化粧材
料。4. The flame-retardant cosmetic according to claim 2, wherein the flame-retardant paint is applied on the surface of the inorganic fiber in an amount of 100 to 800 g / m 2 (dry weight). material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5349740A JP2824017B2 (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Flame retardant cosmetic material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5349740A JP2824017B2 (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Flame retardant cosmetic material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07186333A JPH07186333A (en) | 1995-07-25 |
| JP2824017B2 true JP2824017B2 (en) | 1998-11-11 |
Family
ID=18405785
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5349740A Expired - Lifetime JP2824017B2 (en) | 1993-12-27 | 1993-12-27 | Flame retardant cosmetic material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2824017B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5352229B2 (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2013-11-27 | ニチアス株式会社 | Processing method of spray material containing asbestos |
| JP6088215B2 (en) | 2011-11-14 | 2017-03-01 | 日東電工株式会社 | Flame retardant composite material |
| EP2837658B1 (en) | 2012-04-11 | 2018-11-14 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Flame-retardant silicone resin composition and flame-retardant silicone resin sheet |
| JP6470502B2 (en) | 2013-05-01 | 2019-02-13 | 日東電工株式会社 | Flame retardant composite material |
| JP6317988B2 (en) | 2013-05-01 | 2018-04-25 | 日東電工株式会社 | Flame retardant sheet and flame retardant composite material |
| JP6138010B2 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2017-05-31 | 東リ株式会社 | Interior sheet for bathroom and method for producing interior sheet for bathroom |
| JP6369849B2 (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2018-08-08 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | Thermal insulation coating material, thermal insulation building material, and building repair method |
| CN106497267A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-03-15 | 吴肖颜 | A kind of expanding fire-proof paint and preparation method thereof |
| WO2020004119A1 (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-02 | 日東電工株式会社 | Flame retardant material |
| EP3816236A4 (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2022-03-16 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Flame retardant material |
| WO2020004120A1 (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-02 | 日東電工株式会社 | Flame retardant coating film |
| JP7474204B2 (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2024-04-24 | 日信化学工業株式会社 | Coating composition, coating composition for furniture and building interiors, and laminate |
| JP7474205B2 (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2024-04-24 | 日信化学工業株式会社 | Coating composition for exterior walls and building exteriors, and laminate |
| KR102586558B1 (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2023-10-11 | 설진정 | Frp material with reinforced non-combustibility, corrosion resistance and waterproofness |
| KR102586557B1 (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2023-10-11 | 설진정 | Frp material with reinforced non-combustibility |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60161143A (en) * | 1984-02-01 | 1985-08-22 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Incombustible decorative material |
| JPH0260971A (en) * | 1988-08-29 | 1990-03-01 | Suzuka Toryo Kk | Flame-retarding elastic coating material having moisture permeability |
-
1993
- 1993-12-27 JP JP5349740A patent/JP2824017B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07186333A (en) | 1995-07-25 |
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