JP2762685B2 - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument having a musical tone control such as an electronic organ, an electronic piano, a portable keyboard electronic musical instrument, and a push-button type hand-held electronic musical instrument. The present invention relates to a means for accurately expressing a subtle operation of an operator by a person's emotional expression in a musical tone.

[Summary of the Invention]

According to the present invention, in an electronic musical instrument having a musical tone control operation device, a signal is generated by sensing the entire stroke of the operation operation of the operation device, and the operation speed or acceleration of the operation device exceeds a predetermined value based on the signal. Only when it is detected, the tone control parameters are changed and controlled in accordance with the detection signal, thereby performing complex emotional expressions based on the manner of operation during the entire operation of the operator by the player. It is intended to be able to perform faithfully to the will of others.

[Conventional technology]

Electronic musical instruments such as electronic organs basically controlled sounding by opening and closing a key switch by pressing a key.However, the sound characteristics were monotonous and express the emotions of a player like a piano. Can't play.

Therefore, various techniques have been developed to provide a so-called touch response function in order to change the sounding characteristics due to the difference in force at the time of key depression and to enable emotional expression.

This touch response function applies a touch control by controlling the volume, pitch, tone color, etc. of the generated musical tone in accordance with the rise of the key and the movement of the player's finger in the sustained state of the sound after the key is pressed. That is.

For this purpose, as shown in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 54-6421, a magnet and a coil are relatively displaced by a keypress to generate an induced electromotive force, and the output is used as a touch response control signal. It is.

In addition, as seen in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-31331, a conductive elastic member is deformed in response to a key depression to sequentially short-circuit a plurality of fixed contacts arranged on a substrate to gradually reduce the resistance value. In some cases, this is converted to a voltage and used as a touch response control signal.

Further, as seen in JP-A-58-18812,
It is also considered that a digital disc signal generated by rotating a rotary disk-shaped movable contact by pressing a key and sequentially contacting a plurality of fixed contacts on a substrate has an effect on performance.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, each of these conventional techniques has the following problems.

The first and second devices each provide a touch response by analog signal processing, so that the hardware of the electronic musical instrument increases, leading to cost increase, and it is generally difficult to perform a stable operation. It is. In the second case, it is difficult to make the pitch of the fixed contact too small from the viewpoint of forming the contact and the enormous amount of wiring, so that detailed control is impossible.

The third one makes it possible to provide a touch response by a digital signal, so that it is particularly convenient to adopt it to an electronic musical instrument that generates a musical tone by digital signal processing using a microcomputer, which has recently become mainstream. Although good, the signal generation accuracy is also limited by the contact arrangement, and the number of output lines is required by the number of contacts. Also,
Not only is its structure complicated and its design freedom is limited,
There is also a problem in terms of durability.

Further, there is a problem that none of the sensors can sense the entire stroke of the key pressing operation, and the detection signal is output even when the key is operated very slowly.

The present invention solves such a problem in the conventional electronic musical instrument, and performs the entire operation of the operator by the player.
It is an object of the present invention to enable fine-grained touch control according to the manner of operation to be realized faithfully according to the player's will.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention includes a musical tone control operator for moving a detected portion provided at a predetermined pitch, and Pulse generating means for sequentially generating a plurality of pulses in accordance with the moving amount of the unit, and counting the pulses sequentially generated by the pulse generating means, and detecting the movement information of the operation element as a digital signal according to the number of pulses. And a means for changing and controlling the tone control parameter based on the movement information detected by the movement detecting means.

Also, in place of the movement detection means, a movement start detection means for detecting the movement start of the operation element, and a pulse generated by the pulse generation means within a predetermined time from the time when the movement start detection means detects the movement start A counter for counting the number may be provided, and the means for controlling the change of the tone control parameter may control the change of the tone control parameter according to the count value detected by the counter.

Alternatively, instead of the movement start detecting means and the counter, an operation detecting means for detecting the start and end of movement of the operation element, and a time period from the start to the end of movement of the operation element detected by the operation detection means A counter for counting the number of pulses generated by the pulse generating means, wherein the means for controlling the change of the tone control parameter controls the change of the tone control parameter in accordance with the count value detected by the counter. It may be.

The movement start detecting means detects the start of movement by comparing the value of the movement information, and preferably has means for variably setting a comparison value for comparison with the movement information.

In addition, it is preferable that the movement detecting means has means for variably setting a comparison value for comparing the number of pulses in order to detect at least one of the movement start and the movement end of the operation element.

[Action]

In the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention, when the musical tone control operation element is operated, a plurality of movements are performed in the entire movement range (entire stroke) of the movement operation in accordance with the movement amount of the detection target moved by the operation. Are sequentially generated, the movement information of the operation element is detected as a digital signal in accordance with the number of pulses, and the tone control parameters are changed and controlled based on the movement information, so that digital signal processing using a micro computer is performed. It is possible, and the generation pattern of the pulse changes depending on the manner of operation of the operation element by the player. However, the movement information is obtained over the entire movement range, and various musical sounds such as touch controls faithful to the player's will are obtained. Control can be performed finely.

The movement information of the operation element is generated in accordance with the movement amount of the detected portion within a predetermined time or until the end of the operation is detected (for example, for each predetermined time section) from the time when the movement of the operation element is detected. By counting the number of pulses, digital information corresponding to the operation speed or acceleration of the operation element can be obtained.

In addition, when detecting the start of movement of the operator, the width of the dead zone at the beginning of the operation can be freely changed by variably setting a comparison value for comparison with the movement information.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Therefore, various embodiments will be described with respect to a pulse generation unit that senses the entire stroke of the operation of the operating element and generates a large number of pulses corresponding to the moving operation amount of the operating element, that is, the full-stroke sensing means. .

First Embodiment A first embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an electronic organ will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, the key is a skein key for controlling the musical tone, and generates a pulse magnetically by moving the key itself.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the keyboard mechanism, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the keyboard mechanism. The key 1 is integrally formed by using, for example, synthetic resin, and projections 1b and 1c are provided on the lower surface near the key pressing portion 1a. A protrusion 1d is provided on the lower surface of the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction, and an engagement protrusion 1e is provided on the base end. An upper end stopper 1f of the key 1 is formed to protrude rearward below the protrusion 1c.

Although the structure in the case where the key 1 is a white key is shown, the black key 1 '
In the case of, the key pressing portion is substantially the same except that the key pressing portion does not extend forward but protrudes upward.

On the other hand, a keyboard frame (hereinafter, simply referred to as a "frame") 2 as a key support member is made of a magnetic material such as iron, and has through holes into which the engaging projections 1e and the upper stopper 1f of the key 1 are respectively fitted.
2a and 2b.

Then, the engaging projection 1e of the key 1 is fitted into the through hole 2a, and the rear end rising portion 2c of the frame 2 is clipped by the clip-shaped leaf spring 3.
, The key 1 is pivotally attached to the frame 2 so as not to be detached, and can be rotated about the fulcrum C.

Further, a leaf spring 4 engaged between the key 1 and the frame 2 urges the key pressing portion 1a side of the key 1 upward, so that the upper limit stopper 1f is attached to the lower surface of the frame 2 in felt. The upper limit position is set by contacting the stopper 5 with the above.

In the low step portion 2d formed by bending on the front side of the frame 2,
A stopper 6 made of felt or the like to which the protruding piece 1b contacts when the key is pressed is stuck, and a rising piece 7 made of a magnetic material such as iron is attached to the rear of the stopper 6 so as to correspond to each key 1, and each protruding piece 1c Are fixed to each other by screws or the like so as to be slightly separated from each other in the front, and a rear common yoke is constituted by the rising pieces 7.

On the back surface of the protruding piece 1c of the key 1, one magnetic pole surface of a laminated magnet 8 in which plate-shaped permanent magnets are vertically laminated so that N poles and S poles alternately appear, is fixed. The other magnetic pole surface 8a of the magnet 8 is formed by protruding the N pole and recessing the S pole along a cylindrical surface centered on the fulcrum C of the key 1.

 Thus, the magnetic change inducing means is configured.

A printed circuit board 9 is attached to the surface of the frame 2 as shown in detail in FIG.
In addition, slits 9a are provided at the same interval as the key 1, and the coils 10 are printed and formed around the slits 9a.
Is divided into one octave by one connection terminal 11
And the other end is connected to the earth side by one octave.

A yoke piece 13 made of an iron plate is placed on the upper part of the printed circuit board 9 with an insulating adhesive sheet layer 12 interposed therebetween.
a is inserted into the slit 9a of the printed circuit board 9 and abuts on the surface of the frame 2 (see FIG. 4), and the other end is between the magnetic pole surface 8a of the laminated magnet 8 provided on the key 1 side. They face each other with a slight gap.

In this state, a common support cover 14 made of a non-magnetic material such as a synthetic resin or an aluminum plate is fixed from above by a set screw 15 as shown in FIG. The curved portion 13a is pressed against the frame 2.

 Thus, the magnetic change detecting means is configured.

It is preferable that the tip of the yoke piece 13 is formed with a slope 13b so as to be sharp in order to reduce the loss of magnetic flux.

Also, instead of pressing the bent portion 13a of the yoke piece 13 against the frame 2, the yoke piece 13 'is formed in a flat plate shape as shown in FIG. 2e may be brought into close contact with the yoke piece 13 '.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a transmission type photo sensor 16 is provided on the printed circuit board 9 corresponding to the projection 1d of the key 1, and the light from the light emitting portion is blocked by the projection 1d when the key is pressed. Thus, the state of the key 1 (key depression / key release, etc.) can be detected.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 3, the magnetic path of the laminated magnet 8 forms a magnetically closed circuit that returns to the laminated magnet 8 via the yoke piece 13, the keyboard frame 2, and the rising piece 7.

When the key pressing portion 1a of the key 1 is pressed downward against the urging force of the leaf spring 4 from the state shown in FIG. 1, the laminated magnet 8 swings downward about the fulcrum C in the figure. When the N pole and the S pole face each other, the yoke piece 13
The direction of the lines of magnetic force passing through is reversed, and the magnetic flux of the magnetically closed circuit intermittently changes suddenly.

As a result, the induced current alternately changes the direction of the coil 10 formed around the yoke piece 3 and flows in a pulse shape. Therefore, during the entire key depression operation of key 1,
A number of pulses can be generated in a non-contact manner corresponding to the amount of movement (position and speed or acceleration).

Since the number of generated pulses per unit time is proportional to the key pressing speed, that is, the key pressing intensity, the musical tone intended by the player is changed by changing the above-mentioned musical tone control parameter in a number of steps corresponding to the number of pulses. It can be generated arbitrarily.

The output line of the pulse signal from each coil 10 is
Only a common ground line for each key and one signal line for each key are required.

Here, various aspects of the laminated magnet 8 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 6 (a) shows that the magnetic pole face 8a
It is formed in a cylindrical surface centered on (FIG. 1), and N poles and S poles are alternately provided in the vertical direction. The induced current generated in the coil 10 changes gradually in a sine curve.

Such N-pole and S-pole pitches can be magnetized on the order of microns.

The structure shown in FIG. 2B is formed in a step-like manner by alternately providing the surface for each of the N-pole and the S-pole. This is convenient because the falling and the steepness become steep, and a pulse having a high peak can be obtained.

1C has the same shape as that shown in FIG. 2B, and the stepped magnetic pole surface facing the yoke piece 13 is an N-pole (or S-pole). The flat magnetic pole surface on the side is an S pole (or N pole).

In the above three types of laminated magnets, the same pulse is generated when the key 1 moves forward and when the key 1 moves backward. Therefore, if it is desired to use only the pulse generated during the forward movement, the key must be moved forward by another means. A signal must be generated for discriminating the backward movement, and complicated signal processing must be performed.

The one shown in Figure (d) is an improvement of this point.
High step of the magnetic pole surface facing the yoke 13 (N pole in this example)
Is formed in a sawtooth shape.

In this way, it is possible to make the positive rising pulse large and the negative falling pulse small when the key is pressed, and to make the positive rising pulse small and the negative falling pulse large when the key is restored. By setting the threshold level higher than the positive rising pulse of the time,
Only the pulse generated when the key is pressed can be easily extracted.

Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In this embodiment, the movement of the key itself, which is an operator,
The full-stroke sensing means generates pulses photoelectrically.

In this embodiment, a support frame 21a protrudes from the lower surface of the key 21,
On the support frame 21a, a pattern plate 22 having an opaque horizontal stripe pattern 22a formed by printing or the like with fine pitch on a transparent film is held along the longitudinal direction of the key 21 to constitute an optical change inducing means.

On the other hand, the frame 2 and the printed circuit board 23 are provided with H-shaped slits 2d and 23a through which the support frame 21a and the pattern board 22 can be inserted, respectively, corresponding to the respective keys, and the slits 23a are formed on the printed circuit board 23. A transmission type photo sensor 24 having a light emitting portion 24a and a light receiving portion 24b opposed to each other is disposed on both sides of the sandwiched portion to constitute optical change detecting means.

Now, when the pattern plate 22 passes between the light-emitting portion 24a and the light-receiving portion 24b of the photo sensor 24 due to key depression, the light-receiving light beam is intermittently blocked by the opaque horizontal stripe pattern 22a,
Each time the transparent portion passes, current flows to the light receiving portion 24b.

Therefore, a large number of pulses corresponding to the amount of key movement can be generated in a non-contact manner in the entire stroke of the key pressing operation.

Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This embodiment also generates a pulse photoelectrically by the movement of the key itself.

In this embodiment, a hollow hanging portion 31a serving as an upper stop and a lower stop is provided on the lower surface of the key 31, and the wall 3
1b is formed in a cylindrical shape around a fulcrum axis C in the direction of rotation of the key 31, and a pattern plate 32 having a black and white horizontal stripe pattern as shown in FIG. A horizontal stripe pattern is directly applied to the rear wall surface 31b of the base 31a with a jet ink to form a pattern surface 32a.

 Thus, the optical change inducing means is configured.

On the other hand, a reflection type photo sensor 34 is provided for each key on the printed board 33 so as to face the pattern surface 32a to constitute an optical change detecting unit.

This reflection type photo sensor 34 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in the figure, a light emitting element (LED) 34a, condenser lenses 34b and 34c
_A light emitting section 34A composed of a light receiving element (photodiode or phototransistor) 34e and a light receiving lens
34f, and a light receiving portion 34 _B consisting of 34g and the reflecting surface 34h.

Since the light receiving portion 34 _B and the light emitting portion 34 _A is constructed in the same manner, Fig. 12 (c) are shared on both wrote in the sign of the light receiving portion ().

The light emitted from the light emitting element 34a is converted into a parallel light beam by the condenser lens 34b, and after changing its direction at a right angle on the reflection surface 34d, is condensed on the pattern surface 32b by the condenser lens 34c and reflected from the pattern surface 32b. The light is converted into a parallel light beam by the light receiving lens 34g, and after changing its direction at right angles on the reflection surface 34h, is received by the light receiving lens 34f on the light receiving element 34e.

Was but connexion, when the pattern surface 32b by key depression to swing downward about the fulcrum C, photoelectrically converts the light emitted from the light emitting section 34 _A by intermittently receiving the light receiving portion 34 _B, the amount of received light A number of electrical pulse signals are generated according to the change.

The concave groove 31c provided in the hanging portion 31b is an escape groove for fitting the photo sensor 34 when the key 31 is attached to or detached from the frame 2 so as to shift the key 1 backward.

Fourth Embodiment Next, a description will be given of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a keyboard electronic musical instrument such as an electronic piano, for example, in which a touch similar to a keyboard musical instrument having a hammer can be obtained like a piano.

 FIG. 13 to FIG. 24 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the full-stroke sensing means senses the movement of the interlocking member which is moved by a greater amount than the key in response to the key depression operation, and magnetically generates a pulse.

First, this keyboard device will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.

The key 41 has a cylindrical inner surface concave surface 41a at the base end thereof, and the concave surface 41a swingably slidably contacts a columnar pin 43 fixed to the rear end of the slit 42a of the frame 42.

A cylindrical pin 44 is fixed to the front end of the slit 42a,
A cylindrical inner surface concave surface 45a formed at the base end of an interlocking member (hereinafter, referred to as a "hammer" for convenience) 45 made of a crank-shaped mass (for example, iron) is slidably slidably in contact with the pin 44,
The free end of a leaf spring 46 whose base end is fixed to the pin 43 is engaged with the rear end step 45b, and the hammer 45 is biased clockwise in FIG. The key 41 is also urged clockwise in the vicinity of the base end to give each one a return habit.

The hammer 45 is provided with an engagement pressing portion 45c which engages with a concave portion 41b provided at a lower portion of the side surface of the key 41. When the key is pressed, the key 41 swings downward, so that the hammer 45 also receives the urging force of the leaf spring 46. Swings in the same direction against it.

At this time, there is a large difference in the distance from the engagement pressing portion 45c of the key 41 and the hammer 45 to the pins 43 and 44, which are the fulcrums (that is, the hammer 45 has the engagement pressing portion 45c and the fulcrum 4c).
4 is short), and the stroke of the hammer 45 can be enlarged several times by a slight stroke of the key 41, and a touch like a piano can be obtained.

In order to apply the present invention to the keyboard device having the above configuration, it is convenient to use the hammer 45 whose movement is enlarged.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15, a magnet pattern 45d is formed on the lower side surface of the hammer 45 by subdividing it into a fan shape centering on the pin 44 and vertically magnetizing N poles and S poles alternately. On the lower surface, the 16th molded by injection molding
A frame 47 made of resin as shown in the figure is fixed, and a portion of the magnet pattern 45d of the hammer 45 is inserted into each narrow space 47a of the frame 47 with a slight gap between both side walls. .

Then, when molding the frame 47, the seventeenth
Flexible substrate 48 having a plurality of (for example, one octave of hammer 45) conductive patterns 48a as shown in FIG.
18 is bent and inserted so that the conductive pattern 48a is in the state shown in FIG. 18, and then resin is injected.

Then, the side wall surface 47 surrounding the narrow space 47a of the formed frame body 47
A conductive pattern 48a as shown in FIG. 18 is disposed on b, 47c, 47d, and the conductive pattern 48a on both side walls 47b, 47d is
42 to match the direction of radiation from the pin 44, both side walls
The conductive patterns of 47b and 47d are shifted by one pitch of the magnet pattern 45d provided on the hammer 45.

Here, the method of manufacturing the hammer 45 will be briefly described. As shown in FIG. 19, the hammer 45 has a tip 45e, an intermediate portion 45f, and a base 45f.
It is divided into three parts of 45g and each is made of iron material.
A notch 45h as shown in an intermediate portion 45f shown in FIG. 20 is provided, and both side surfaces of the intermediate portion 45f are magnetized in layers, and then the notch 4h is formed.
Outsert the resin layer 45i at 5h.

In the same manner, the resin is outsert to the ridge portion also at the tip portion 45e and the base portion 45g, and they are integrally assembled as shown in FIG.

This is to prevent burrs and the like at the ridges of the hammer 45 from coming into contact with the inner surface of the frame 47. The thinner the resin layer, the greater the change in the lines of magnetic force.

Therefore, outsert this resin,
It is most desirable to deburr the ridge of the hammer 45.

Also, in order to magnetize the intermediate portion 45f of the hammer 45, as shown in FIG. 21, an automatic magnetizing machine equipped with a strong electromagnet Mg is used to move the partial magnetization of the surface relative to each other with a predetermined pitch. When the magnetization of the front surface ends, the back surface is similarly magnetized.

As a result, a row of N poles and S poles can be formed on the front and back surfaces of the intermediate portion 45f.

If the magnetic poles of the automatic magnetizing machine are opposed to both surfaces of the intermediate portion 45f, magnetization on both surfaces can be performed simultaneously.

According to this embodiment, when the key 41 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 swings downward about the center of the pin 43 by pressing the key, the hammer 45 moves faster than the key 41 using the center of the pin 44 as a fulcrum. Swings downward, and the magnet pattern 45d
Pass through 8a.

At this time, a current flows through the conductive pattern 48a. The principle of the relationship between the conductive pattern 48a and the magnet pattern 45d will be described with reference to FIG.

When the magnet pattern 45d is in the state shown in the figure, the magnetic field from the N pole to the S pole causes the conductive pattern 48b to show an arrow Y,
Although the current in the Y 'direction flows, the direction of the magnetic field is reversed when the magnet pattern 45d moves one pitch in the direction of the arrow X, so that the direction of the current is also reversed. Positive and negative pulses are obtained by this current change.

Since the conductive pattern 48a is formed by connecting portions orthogonal to the moving direction of the magnet pattern 45d to form a repetitive pattern, the pattern length becomes long, and a large pulse can be generated in a small space.

Now, assuming that the pattern length of the conductive pattern 48a is 1, the moving speed of the magnet pattern 48a is U, and the magnetic flux density is B, the induced electromotive force E generated in the conductive pattern 48a can be expressed by the following equation.

E = UBl In this embodiment, the conductive pattern 48a is arranged on both sides of the magnet pattern 45d, but the principle is exactly the same as above, and a large electromotive force can be obtained by increasing the pattern length of the conductive pattern 48a. It is understood that it can be done.

In this embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to a keyboard device provided with a hammer has been described. However, even in a keyboard device having no hammer, a magnet pattern may be provided on a lower portion of a key or on a side surface of a member to which a key is fixed. The pulse generating means similar to that of the present embodiment can be constituted by providing.

The number of pulses generated in the above embodiment is the magnet pattern 45d
Although the pitch is inversely proportional to the pitch, there is a case where the magnetization pitch cannot be reduced so much because of the relationship with the magnetic flux density.

This problem can be solved by changing the shape of the conductive pattern. FIG. 23 shows an example of the conductive pattern.

This is because the pitch of the conductive pattern 48c is shifted by half the pitch of the magnet pattern 45d at the center on one side, and the other side is shifted by half the pitch in the same manner. Things.

As described above, the conductive pattern 48c is set to 1 / of the magnet pattern 45d.
By shifting in the X direction (vertical direction) by two pitches, the pitch of the magnetic field change received by the portion of the conductive pattern 48c perpendicular to the arrow X becomes 1/2, and the same movement amount of the magnet pattern 45d is obtained. Thus, twice as many pulses can be generated.

Instead of changing the conductive pattern in this way,
As shown in FIG. 24, the magnet pattern of the hammer 45 is shifted from the center in the longitudinal direction by 1/2 pitch in the X direction indicated by the arrow (up and down directions) on both sides from the center in the longitudinal direction while the conductive pattern remains as shown in FIG. However, the same effect can be obtained.

Fifth Embodiment Next, FIGS. 25 to 29 show a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the entire stroke sensing means senses the movement of a hammer, which is a key interlocking member, and generates a pulse photoelectrically.

That is, a hammer 51 is provided as shown in FIG. 25 in place of the hammer 45 of the fourth embodiment, and a cylindrical surface 51a centered on a pin 44 serving as a fulcrum is formed at the tip of the hammer 51. A pattern plate formed by attaching a horizontal stripe pattern 52a composed of horizontal black and white stripe patterns as shown in FIG. 26 (a) to the surface 51a, or by applying the jet ink directly to the horizontal stripe pattern 52a. The surface 52b is formed.

The frame 42 is provided with a support base 42b projecting from the pattern surface 52b with a slight gap therebetween, and the support base 42b
26. The reflection type photo sensor 53 and its wiring housing groove 42 are provided on the facing surface 42c (shown in the front and rear opposite directions) shown in FIG.
d, and as shown in FIG.
The light emitted from the light emitting element 53a is reflected by the pattern surface 52b and received by the light receiving element 53b.

This embodiment has such a structure. When the pattern surface 52b swings downward around the center of the pin 44 by pressing a key, the light receiving element 53b intermittently receives light and photoelectrically exchanges the light. Generates a pulse.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 28, a printed circuit board 54 having a coil 54a disposed around the hammer insertion hole 42e is adhered to the frame 42. Immediately before the position, a magnet pattern 49 is formed at a position passing through the coil 54a.

Thereby, a pulse signal can be generated in the coil 54a immediately before the key 41 returns.

In addition, if a magnet pattern similar to the magnet pattern 45d shown in FIG. 15 is formed on both sides of the hammer 51 over the entire stroke of the part moving in the hammer insertion hole 42e, the operation of the key 41 can be performed. Sometimes, the movement of the hammer 51 causes the coil 54a to move.
Since it is possible to generate an alternating current, the current can be rectified and used as a power source for the photosensor 53.

In this way, a pulse corresponding to a key operation can be generated photoelectrically without receiving power supply from outside the keyboard.

Also, as shown in FIG. 29, a metal plate 55 such as iron or aluminum is adhered to the inside of the front end surface 41a of the key 41, and a printed circuit board 56 is fixed to the rising portion 42f of the frame 42, and the printed circuit board 56 is fixed. If a coil 57 is printed on the surface facing the metal plate 55 and a current flows through the coil 57, when the metal plate 55 is displaced relative to the coil 57 by the displacement of the key 41, the current flowing through the coil 57 Changes.

By detecting the change in the current by the current change detection circuit 58, a key-off (K OFF) signal can be obtained when the key 41 is restored.

In the fifth embodiment, exactly the same pulse is generated by the photo sensor 53 when the hammer 51 reciprocates, so that the pulse cannot be distinguished.

In order to be able to determine the moving direction of the hammer, for example, a horizontal stripe pattern formed on the cylindrical surface 51a of the hammer 51 is divided by half pitch from the center as shown in FIG. 52 _a and 52 _B, so as to face each to the respective portions, disposing the pair of reflective photo sensor 53 _a, 53 _B at the same height.

Thus, in the forward path of the hammer 51 two photo sensor 53 _A, 53 _B of the output A, B, for example, Figure 31 (b) as shown in B is from A [pi / 2 by the phase is delayed waveform In the return path, the waveform becomes as shown in FIG. 11B, and the waveform of A is delayed from the phase of B by π / 2.

Therefore, from the lead and lag of the phases of the outputs A and B,
The forward movement and the backward movement of the hammer 51, that is, the forward movement and the backward movement of the key 41 can be determined.

It should be noted that the pair of photo sensors 52A and 52B may be shifted vertically by half a pitch of the horizontal stripe pattern without displacing the horizontal stripe pattern.

Further, this determination method is not limited to the fifth embodiment, but can be applied to the first to fourth embodiments.

For example, in the case of a pulse generating means composed of a magnet, a coil and a yoke, the magnet pattern is divided into two and shifted by 1/2 pitch, and a yoke having a coil wound opposite to each of them is provided, or a pair of yokes is provided. The position of the yoke facing the magnet pattern may be shifted by half a pitch of the magnet pattern.

Sixth Embodiment Next, a sixth embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a handheld electronic musical instrument will be described.

FIG. 32 shows an example of a hand-held electronic musical instrument. A plurality of push-button keys 61 corresponding to the index finger, the middle finger, the ring finger and the little finger are provided on an upper surface 60a of a triangular prism-shaped main body 60, and a thumb is provided on one side 60b. A corresponding one of the push button keys 61 is provided, and by pressing each of the push button keys with a finger, a musical tone having a different pitch is generated.

Various kinds of performances can be performed by holding a pair of electronic musical instruments having different sound ranges in both hands and operating them.

In such an electronic musical instrument, the lower surface of the push button key 61 is
As shown in FIG. 34, a cylindrical laminated magnet 62 in which N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at the same pitch on the outer peripheral surface is slidable in the axial direction in a case 63 made of resin as shown in FIG. And is urged by a spring 64 in the protruding direction.

On the other hand, a coil 65 is fitted along the circumference at the center of the inner peripheral surface of the case 63, and a cushion serving as a stopper is provided on the bottom surface.
Attach 66.

The upper surface of the case 63 is formed in a conical shape, and a push button key is provided.
The downstroke of 61 is increased.

With the above configuration, when the push button key 61 is pressed against the spring 64, the laminated magnet 62 moves downward, so that the coil 65
, An induced current that alternately flows in the coil 65 flows, and positive and negative pulses are obtained over the entire stroke of the push button key.

This embodiment may be applied to a general keyboard electronic musical instrument, and a member corresponding to the push button key 61 may be moved in conjunction with the key depression.

Seventh Embodiment FIGS. 35 to 37 show a seventh embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument having a push-button key as in the sixth embodiment.

In this embodiment, the N pole and the S
The two magnet plates 72, 72 having the poles alternately magnetized are fixed so as to sandwich the center bank 73 integrated with the push button key 71, and the portions of the magnet plates 72, 72 can be inserted into the fixed portion side. A printed circuit board 74 having a slit 74a is fixed.

On this printed circuit board 74, coils 75 are printed on both front and back surfaces around the slit 74a.
Through the insulating sheet 76 (see Fig. 37)
It is sandwiched between two yoke plates 77 made of a magnetic material having a slit 77a corresponding to the slit 74a.

According to this embodiment, when the push button key 71 is pressed, the magnet plate 72 moves by passing through the slit 74a of the printed circuit board 74, and generates a pulse due to the induced current in the coil 75 by the change in magnetic flux.

At this time, an edge effect is generated by the ridge portion 77b of the yoke plate 77 shown in FIG. 37, the magnetic flux is concentrated, and the pulse current flowing through the coil 75 can be increased.

This embodiment can also be applied to a general keyboard electronic musical instrument.

Eighth Embodiment FIGS. 38 to 41 show an eighth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is another example in which the full-stroke sensing means photoelectrically generates a pulse by moving a key.

That is, the heavy magnetic body 82 is fixedly provided on the lower surface of the key 81, and a pair of frames 83, 83 are fixedly provided on the frame (not shown) at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the key 81.

Then, two sets of grooves 83a and 83b parallel to the vertical direction are formed on the inner surface of the frame 83, and the slide frame 84a of the slide member 84 is slidably inserted into one of the grooves 83a.
The magnet 84b is integrally fixed to the upper part of the upper part 4, and the upper surface of the magnet 84b is formed into a spherical shape (FIG. 38) or a cylindrical surface (FIG. 39), and is attracted to the lower surface of the magnetic body 82.

In the other groove 83b of the frame 83, a fixed pattern plate 85 having a stripe pattern 85a in which transparent parts and opaque parts are alternately arranged with equal pitch P as shown in FIG. A pattern frame 86 is mounted, and a movable pattern plate 87 having a stripe pattern 87a having the same pitch as that of the stripe pattern 85a and having a small angle is fixed to the slide frame 84a.
It is installed in parallel in a similar manner to 5.

Note that the opposing surfaces of the fixed pattern plate 85 and the movable pattern plate 87 are desirably provided close enough to make contact. Ideally, D ₁₁ = 0.

A light emitting portion 88a and a light receiving portion 88b of the transmission type photo sensor 88 are disposed on both sides of the fixed and movable pattern plates 85 and 87.

According to this embodiment, when the magnetic body 82 is lowered by pressing the key 81, the slide member 84 is pressed by the magnetic body 82 and moves down. At this time, since the magnetic body 82 is fixed to the key 81, it moves in an arc shape, and since the slide member 84 is guided by the groove 83b of the frame 83, it moves linearly vertically, but the upper surface of the magnet 84b Since it is formed on a spherical surface or a cylindrical surface, it can move smoothly.

When the movable pattern plate 87 overlaps the fixed pattern plate 85 due to the lowering of the slide member 84, the 41st overlaps with the striped pattern.
A thick moiré fringe 89 as shown in the figure is generated, and the moiré fringe 89 moves rapidly downward as the movable pattern plate 87 descends.

Here, the pitch of the stripe patterns 85a and 87a is P, and the moire stripe 89
Where W is the distance between the two patterns and θ is the inclination angle of both patterns. Holds, and when the angle θ is sufficiently small, approximately Becomes

Therefore, according to this method, the moiré fringes 89 can be rapidly moved by a slight movement amount of the movable pattern plate 87, and tens to hundreds of moiré fringes can be obtained with a slight stroke of the key 81. be able to.

For example, if the pitch of the stripe patterns 85a and 87a is set to 0.1 mm, 100 crosses can be made with a stroke of 10 mm. By detecting it with the photo sensor 88, a large number of pulses can be obtained.

The inclination angle θ of both patterns is set so that the interval W between the moire fringes is equal to or greater than the resolution of the photo sensor 88.

When the key 81 returns, the magnet 84b of the slide member 84 is
Since the movable pattern plate 87 is pulled up and follows the movable pattern plate 2, the movable pattern plate 87 also rises to the state shown in FIG.

It should be noted that a magnet may be fixed to the key 81 and the slide member 84 may be a magnetic material.

As shown in FIG. 42, the slide frame 84a and the fixed pattern frame 86 are formed in an arc shape centering on the fulcrum C of the key 81 '. If the fixed pattern plates 85b and 87b are mounted, the inclination angle of both patterns is small at the initial stage of key depression and large at the end stage, so that moire fringes generated by the same amount of movement of the key 81 'are initially generated. The number of final periods increases, and more pulses can be generated for a small amount of movement during after-control.

Here, the principle that the moiré pattern crosses the photo sensor as the key is pressed will be described with reference to FIGS. 38 and 41 and FIGS. 43 and 44.
This will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. For convenience of description, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

38. When the movable pattern plate 87 and the fixed pattern plate 85 shown in FIG. 38 are overlaid, they become as shown in FIG. 41, FIG. 43, and FIG. FIG. 43 is an enlarged view of FIG. 41, and FIG. 44 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.

In FIG. 43 and FIG. 44, the lines of the stripe patterns 85a and 85b are drawn to be extremely thin in order to explain the principle.

As can be seen from FIG. 43, on the lines 91a-91b, 92a-92b connecting the points where the lines cross each other, as shown by circles, the lines (85a, 87a in FIG. 44) Is the widest.

Further, between the lines 91a-91b and the lines 92a-92b, the distance between the lines is small. A moiré pattern (opaque portion) is formed in this narrow place.

That is, if the line drawn in FIG. 43 is drawn with a thick line slightly smaller than the pitch P, the above narrow portion becomes opaque, and the wide portion indicated by a circle (see microscopic view). (A rhombus), the transparent part remains.

 These transparent and opaque portions form a moire pattern.

Here, in FIG. 44, it will be explained that a large number of moiré patterns are crossed by a slight key press (movement distance).

In this figure, the transparent portions of the moire pattern are formed on the lines 91a-91b and 92a-92b by the above description. Hereinafter, for the sake of explanation, the viewpoint is placed on the transparent part.

By moving the possible pattern plate 87 in the key pressing direction DR, the intersection PT1 reaches the intersection PT4 via the intersection PT1 '.

The movement of the intersection PT1 to PT4 means that the line 87a1 moves to the line 87a2, and the movement distance of the movable pattern plate 87 is D. That is, the moiré pattern moves obliquely by the pattern width W with respect to the key pressing distance D.

Therefore, the moving magnification BY is Focusing on the triangle PT1-PT2-PT3 in FIG. 44, Becomes

However, theta ₁ is a angle formed by the fixed pattern lines 85a and the key depression direction DR.

Then, from the above equations (1), (3) and (4), Becomes

Here, for reference, if the intersection angle θ between the pattern lines 85a and 87a is θ = 2 degrees, θ ₁ = 45 degrees, and the pitch (strip width) P of the pattern lines 85a and 87a is P = 0.1 mm, (5) From the formula, the magnification BY is Becomes

That is, it acts as if there is a keystroke of 20.95 [cm] in appearance.

From formula (1), the width W of the moire pattern is Becomes

Further, the number N of the moire patterns crossing the photo sensor is as follows.

This proves to be correct according to other considerations. That is, the number N is And if θ + θ ₁ is 90 degrees, the previously considered 100
It will be clear that this will be a [book].

Ninth Embodiment In each of the embodiments described so far, the case where the tone control operator is a key has been described. However, this operator is not limited to a key. Can be applied.

An example is shown in FIG. There is an expression pedal device as a volume control mechanism for controlling the total level of the electronic musical instrument, and FIG. 45 is a partially cutaway side sectional view thereof.

93 is a support base, and 94 is a support base 93 with the shafts of the support parts 94b and 94c.
The tread is rotatably supported by AX, and both sides of the shaft of the support portion are supported by nuts AXa and bolt heads.

The tread 94 is made of plastic, and is provided with a metal base 94a at a claw 94f (four at almost four corners) protruding from the back surface of the tread 94.
Is crimped.

The base 94a is provided with supporting portions 94b and 94c and a driving tongue piece 94d at a middle portion in the longitudinal direction by cutting and raising pieces.

This is the intermediate portion of the tongue piece 94d provided holes 94d ₀ so as not to block rotation of treadle 94, further tip 3 pawl portion formed by a pawl of Article 2 in the portion 94d _1, 94d ₂ , 94d ₃ are provided, and a pinion portion 94e and the tongue 94d are summer as crimped as Ratsukupinion mechanism at the claw portions 94d _1, 94d _2, 94d _3.

On the other hand, a boss 9 as a spacer is provided on the bottom surface 93a of the support 93.
3b ₁ , 93b ₂ and 93b ₃ are provided, on which two guide members 95 having a U-shaped groove 95a are provided by screws (not shown) or the like. The two guide members 95 are provided in parallel so that the grooves 95a face each other.

A sliding portion 96 provided with a sliding protrusion 96 having a width slightly smaller than the width of the groove so as to slide into the groove 95a and a connecting portion 97 connected to the rack 96. The slide frame 84a with the protrusion is slidably held.

When the rack 96 and the slide frame 84a are held in the groove 95a, the teeth of the rack 96 and the pins of the pinion 94e are held so as to mesh with each other.

A fixed pattern frame 86 is fixed to the lower side of the slide frame 84a on the bottom surface 93a of the support 93 via a boss (not shown).

A light-emitting portion 24a is provided on the bottom surface 93a of the support 93 via a spacer 24c below the central portion of the fixed pattern frame 86, and a guide member 95 or a guide member 95 is provided at an upper position of the slide frame 84a to face the light-emitting portion 24a. A light receiving unit 24b attached via a light receiving unit support (not shown) fixed to the bottom surface 93a of the support 93.
Are arranged.

The expression pedal device having the above configuration rotates in the direction of the lower arrow A when depressing the left side of the figure in accordance with the heel side of the foot and rotates the pinion portion 94e clockwise (the direction of arrow C). Since it is rotated, the rack 96 is moved to the left, and the slide frame 84a is also moved to the left.

Accordingly, the slide frame 84a and the fixed pattern frame 86 are provided with a stripe pattern so that a moire pattern can be generated in the same manner as in the eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 38. A signal of one pulse per stripe is obtained from an output line (not shown) of the light receiving section 24b over the previous stroke.

By inputting this pulse signal to a circuit to be described later, the volume and the like of the generated musical tone can be controlled in multiple stages.

Further, in this embodiment, since the rack and pinion mechanism and the slide mechanism are employed, an appropriate friction can be obtained, and the stepping operation becomes comfortable.

The expression pedal device is used in the same manner as that described in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 152197/1985. That is, it is used independently of the main body of the musical instrument, and in some cases, used on an auxiliary stand.

As an application of the ninth embodiment, for example,
As described in No. 8, it is a matter of course that the interior type may be provided inside the instrument body. In the technology disclosed in this publication, a magnet is embedded in the pedal shaft portion because a large-diameter shaft is used. It is suitable for the type that fits.

Supplementary Example In the above-described ninth embodiment, the operation element is described as the tread plate of the expression pedal device. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be applied to a knee lever control device.

For example, the slide member 46 shown in FIG. 1 of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-187890 is replaced with the above-described eighth embodiment (FIG. 38).
The movable pattern plate 87 is disposed in the space occupied by the slide member, and the same moire pattern as described above is generated on the movable pattern plate and the fixed pattern plate 85 fixed on the main body (plate). If it is obtained, the same operation and effect as those of the above-described eighth and ninth embodiments can be obtained, and the use circuits shown in FIGS. 46 and 53 described later can be used similarly.

The present invention can also be applied to a case where the operator is a joystick operator for tone control.

The configurations described in the first to eleventh embodiments described above are not limited to these, and can be used by appropriately replacing each element.

Further, according to the full-stroke sensing means of each of these embodiments, a large number of pulses corresponding to the operation amount are generated in a non-contact manner over the entire stroke of the operation element.
It is durable and has very little change over time. Then, a large number of pulse signals can be extracted from the keyboard or the key support corresponding thereto with a minimum number of output lines of one or two for each key.

Next, a description will be given of a signal processing circuit for changing various tone control parameters by using a large number of pulses generated when a key is pressed by the full-stroke sensing means in each of the above-described embodiments.

<First Circuit Example> FIG. 46 is a block diagram showing a first circuit example.

This circuit is roughly divided into a key operation pulse detection circuit 100,
Key press (keying) detection circuit 110 and key press end detection circuit 1
20, a touch data forming circuit 130, a multi-circuit 140,
It comprises a tone signal generating circuit 150 and a sound system 160.

Among these circuits, the key operation pulse detection circuit 100, the key depression detection circuit 110, the key depression end detection circuit 120, and the touch data formation circuit 130 operate based on the pulse signal generated by the full stroke sensing means described above. A detection means for detecting the speed or acceleration of the child by a digital signal is provided, and is provided corresponding to each key of the keyboard.

The keys mentioned here include the above-described sixth embodiment and ninth embodiment.
Needless to say, it also includes a push button key, a tread, and the like as shown in the embodiment.

The key operation pulse detection circuit 100 is a circuit that detects a pulse signal generated from a pulse generation unit PG provided for each key on the keyboard of each of the above-described embodiments and shapes the waveform, and in this example, the pulse generation unit A PG that generates pulses by magnetic means is used.

Accordingly, the pulse signal (current) generated in the coil L corresponding to the coil 10, 48a, 56, 65, 75, etc. in the embodiment having the above-described magnetic pulse generating means is amplified and converted into a voltage signal. an amplifier 101 which, waveform shaping by differentiating the output consists of the waveform shaping circuit 102 for outputting a key operation pulses CK ₁ with a pulse width of clock pulses CK ₀ from the high-speed oscillation circuit 111 to be described later.

In this case, if the shape of the magnetic pole surface of the laminated magnet facing the yoke piece that guides the magnetic flux to the coil L is devised and formed, for example, as in the example shown in FIG. When the output pulse signal Ps is depressed, the rising pulse is large as shown in FIG. 47 (a) and the falling pulse is small, and when returning, the falling pulse is large and rising as shown in FIG. 47 (b). The pulse can be made smaller.

Therefore, in the waveform shaping circuit 102, if a threshold level as shown by Vr in FIG. 47 is set, and only pulses exceeding the threshold level are extracted and the waveform is shaped, the key recovery (key rise) can easily be prevented from outputting a key operation pulses CK ₁ is in time).

When a pulse generator that generates pulses by photoelectric means is used as the pulse generator PG, the output of the photoelectric pulse generator, for example, the photo sensors 24, 34, 53, The output of the light receiving circuit as shown in FIG. 48 incorporated in 88 or the like may be input to the waveform shaping circuit 102 of the key operation pulse detecting circuit 100 described above.

Light receiving circuit illustrated in FIG. 48 is made of a photodiode, FETs Q ₁ and resistors and the light receiving element PD such as a photo-transistor R _1, R ₂ Prefecture.

In this case, as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, a pulse signal having a phase shift of 90 ° is generated from a pair of photo sensors, and the moving direction of the key can be determined based on the lead / lag relationship. and manner, may be generated a key operation pulses CK ₁ only when the key is pressed.

The key press detection circuit 110 is a high-speed oscillation circuit 1
11 and the resulting high-speed clock pulse CK
A counter 112 for counting ₀ , a latch circuit 113 for latching the count value, and an AND circuit G ₁ , OR circuits G ₂ , G ₃ , G for generating a reset signal for the counter 112 and a latch signal for the latch circuit 113. _A D-type flip-flop circuit (hereinafter simply referred to as "FF") 114 serving as a delay circuit and a delay value circuit; a preset value setting circuit 115 for manually setting a preset value P1 manually by the volume VR ₁ ;
A input for inputting the preset value P1 and a latch circuit 113
The input is compared with the B input for inputting the count value latched in the above. When A> B, the output is set to "1" and the key is pressed (keying).
And a comparator 116 for generating a signal.

Key depression end detecting circuit 120 includes a Purisetsuto value setting circuit 121 for setting arbitrarily Purisetsuto value P2 at Yotsute manually Boriyumu VR _2, A input and the latch circuit 113 to latch count value to enter the Purisetsuto value P2 And a comparator 122 which compares the input with the B input and sets the output to "1" when A <B to generate a key depression end detection signal.

The touch data forming circuit 130 is a key operation pulse detecting circuit 1
A counter 131 for counting a key operation pulses CK ₁ output from 00, the latch circuit 132 to output the latch the count value, the key depression detecting circuit described above a latch signal of the reset signal and the latch circuit 132 of the counter 131 A set / reset type flip-flop circuit (hereinafter abbreviated as "FF") 133 for obtaining from the output signals of the key 110 and the key-end detection circuit 120, a differentiating circuit 134, a one-shot multivibrator having an inverted output (hereinafter "/ OS"). 135) and a switching switch 136.

The / OS circuit 135 can be constituted by a one-shot multivibrator and a NOT circuit for inverting its output.

 Next, the operation of this circuit will be described.

Purisetsuto values P1 and P2 are normally set to any value closer to a full count value C _MAX of the counter 112. (For example,
When C _MAX = 100, P1 = 90 and P2 = 95. Before the key press starts, the key operation pulse detection circuit 100
Key operation pulse CK ₁ from has not been output.

When the counter 112 counts the clock pulse CK ₀ from the high-speed oscillation circuit 111 and the count reaches the full count value C _MAX , all the inputs of the AND circuit G ₁ become “1”. It becomes 1 ", because it gives a latch signal to the latch circuit 113 via the OR circuit G _3, latch 1
13 and outputs the latched its full count value C _MAX.

When the output of the AND circuit G ₁ is set to "1", the output of the OR circuit G ₂ becomes "1", is delayed by one cycle of Yotsute clock pulses CK ₀ to FF114, the OR circuit G ₂ output since the reset signal becomes "1" is, the counter 112 starts counting of the clock pulses CK ₀ from again being reset to "0".

It was but connexion, a subsequent full count value C _MAX output from each of the latch circuits 113, Purisetsuto value setting circuit 115
Is larger than the preset value P1 by
Since the input of 6 is A <B, its output is "0".

On the other hand, since the output of the latch circuit 113 serving as the B input is larger than the preset value P2 serving as the A input, the output of the comparator 122 of the key depressing end detecting circuit 120 becomes "1" because A <B. , Reset FF133.

As a result, when the / Q (meaning the inversion of Q) output of the FF 133 becomes "1", the counter 131 is reset to a disabled state.

When the switching switch 136 of the touch data forming circuit 130 is switched to the a side as shown in FIG.
When the output of 122 becomes "1", a latch signal is given to the latch circuit 132, but since the counter 131 does not count anything and its output is "0", it is necessary to latch "0". Therefore, the output is also “0”.

When the output of the comparator 122 becomes "1", the counter 112 is also reset, but the Q output becomes "0" by the reset of the FF133, so that the comparator 122 is disabled, and the FF133 and the counter are reset. Release the reset of 112.

Until this condition persists key is pressed, a number of key operations pulses CK ₁ When a key is pressed from the key operation pulse detection circuit 100 are sequentially output. This key operation pulses CK ₁ is generated in response to an operation amount of movement of the key, the pulse interval T (time) is inversely proportional to the displacement speed of the key as shown in FIG. 49.

With this key operation pulses CK ₁ is input to the counter 131 as a count pulse, latch 11 via the OR circuit G ₃
3 to give latch signal to provide a reset signal to the counter 112 via the OR circuit G ₄ and FF114 and OR circuit G _2.

However, since the key depression initial stage is the displacement speed of the key is slow, the spacing T of the key operating pulses CK ₁ is long, the count value C _N of the counter 112 is from Purisetsuto value P1 as a full count value C _MAX or city smaller than Since the latch circuit 113 is latched after the increase, the input of the comparator 116 is still A <B, and the output of the comparator 116 is still "0".
31 remains disabled.

After that, when the key displacement speed becomes faster, the counter
Next key operation pulses CK ₁ while the count value C _N is less than Purisetsuto value P1 of 112 is entered, the latch circuit 1 that value
13, the input of the comparator 116 is A>
At B, its output becomes "1". This rising becomes a key press signal or a keying signal.

And you go-between, FF133 is in the / Q output is "0" is excisional, in order to release the reset of the counter 1, counter 131 starts counting of a go-between key operation pulse CK ₁ to enable state.

When the FF 133 is set, the Q output thereof becomes "1", so that the comparator 122 of the key press end detection circuit 120 is enabled.

Further, at the rising edge of the Q output, the differentiating circuit 134 outputs a differential pulse to trigger the / OS circuit 135, so that the output changes from "1" to "0" and returns to "1" after a certain time.

Therefore, if the switching switch 136 is switched to the b side, the latch circuit 132 latches the count value of the counter 131 at the rising edge of the output of the / OS circuit 135 and outputs it as touch data.

That is, Tatsuchideta this case, a key depression signal as described above is generated, the counter 131 is a count value within a predetermined time from the start of counting of the key operating pulses CK _1, the displacement speed of the key ( The value increases as the key pressing speed) increases, that is, as the key touch increases.

On the other hand, when the switching switch 136 is switched to the a side as shown in the figure, the key depression end detection circuit 120
When the output of the comparator 122 rises from "0" to "1", the latch circuit 132 latches the count value of the counter 131 and outputs it as touch data.

That is, without only pressed halfway for or weak Tatsuchi key is pressed to the lower limit position, the displacement speed of the key is very small, the interval T of the key operating pulses CK ₁ becomes long, latch 113 is latched counter since 112 of the count value C _N is greater than Purisetsuto value P2 of the key depression end detection circuit 120, it'll connexion comparator 122 is set to "1" to output.

Therefore, the touch data in this case is the counter 13
After 1 starts counting of the key operating pulses CK _1, a count value immediately before the movement of the key stops, a value corresponding to the depth of the depressed key.

When the output of the comparator 122 becomes “1”, the counter 112
Is reset, and the counter 131 is reset to a disabled state after a delay of the inversion time of the FF 133, and the comparator 122 itself is also disabled as described above.

Here, prevented by setting slightly smaller than the full count value C _MAX of the counter 112 Purisetsuto value P1, the Tatsuchideta from malfunction unstable or summer by depression initial or slight movement after key depression .

In addition, dead zones are provided at the beginning and end of key press by the preset values P1 and P2, and the widths thereof can be freely changed by changing these set values.

Here, the operation at the initial stage of key depression will be described in more detail. It is assumed that the switching switch 136 is switched to the a side as shown in the figure.

Counter 112 from being connexion reset such full count value C _MAX, the time from the timing of the initial key operation pulses CK ₁ is inputted as t, the count value C _N is Purisetsuto value
Assuming that the time required to reach P1 is T ₁ and the time required to reach the preset value P2 is T ₂ (T ₁ <T ₂ ), the following three cases can be considered as the relationship between these timings.

(1) <Since latch 113 while the count value C _N is less than Purisetsuto value P1 in the case of T ₁ counter 112 latches it, comparator 116 A> t outputs "1" since the B. And I connexion, FF133 is to enable the counter 131 is excisional sometimes initial key operation pulses CK ₁ is counted.

At this time, since naturally t <T _2, the output of the comparator 122 is "0", in FF133 is not reset, latch 1
Since the latch operation is not performed in 32, its output remains "0".

(2) for T ₁ <t <count value C _N is latch 113 from greater Do connexion than Purisetsuto value P1 in the case of T ₂ counter 112 latches it, its output since the comparator 116 becomes A <B is The counter 131 remains disabled, and the counter 131 remains disabled.

Since the output of A <B of the comparator 122 is also “0”,
The latch circuit 132 does not latch.

(3) When t> T ₂ The output of the comparator 116 is “0”, the counter 131 remains disabled, and the input of the comparator 122 is A <B
However, since the Q output of F133 is "0", the output is kept "0" and the latch circuit 132 does not latch because the output is in the disabled state.

As described above, in the case (1) and the cases (2) and (3), an error of “1” occurs in the count value of the counter 1, but the number of pulses generated at one key press is 50 to 50. If there are about 100, there is almost no effect.

The circuits described above are provided corresponding to each key, and the touch data output from the latch circuit 132 of each touch data forming circuit 130 is input to a multi-circuit (multiplexer) 140, and the common output The signal is transmitted from the line to the tone signal generation circuit 150 in a time division manner.

The tone signal generation circuit 150 generates a tone signal having a pitch corresponding to the key to which the touch data has been input. At this time, the tone level is determined by the value of the touch data input (initial level and attack level of the envelope waveform). , Sustain level and time, etc.), tone, pitch fluctuation, tempo,
Various tone control parameters such as the depth and speed of vibrato or tremolo can be changed in a number of steps, whereby a tone signal faithfully responding to the player's emotional injection due to the strength and depth of the key depression. Can be generated.

Then, the tone signal generated by the tone signal generating circuit 150 is supplied to a sound system 160 including an amplifier 161 and a speaker 162 to perform electro-acoustic conversion to generate a tone.

According to this embodiment, when the key-pressing speed reaches a constant speed, a key-pressing (keying) system is generated and a counter is generated.
So as to start counting of the key operating pulses CK ₁ by 131, and summer the constant velocity value of Purisetsuto value P1 to be changed to by connexion optionally be variably set.

This means that the threshold level of the dead zone in the initial stage of key depression can be set arbitrarily.

Accordingly, for example, when the volume level of a musical tone is controlled in accordance with the touch data obtained when the switching switch 136 is set to the a side, as shown in FIG. 50, the smaller the preset value P1, the smaller the touch force. Since the volume level of the sound becomes small and the volume level when the touch force is large does not become too low, the dynamic range is expanded.

That is, since when Tatsuchi force is small, the moving speed of the key is slow, the smaller the Purisetsuto value P1, the count start key operated pulse CK ₁ by the counter 131 depressed signal is generated from the start of key depression Is delayed and the number of uncounted pulses increases, so that the value of the touch data output from the latch circuit 132 decreases, and the volume level decreases.

However, since the key depression speed is high when Tatsuchi force is large, even if small Purisetsuto value P1, the count of the key operating pulses CK ₁ by the counter 131 depressed signal is generated is started immediately, count There are few pulses that are not performed.
Therefore, the value of the touch data does not change much according to the magnitude of the preset value, and the volume level does not decrease much.

Since the dynamic range can be varied in this manner, a performance device having any expressive power can be provided, and in particular, the degree of freedom in trigger performance is increased.

This feature can also be used for controlling the volume of an automatic performance piano.

For example, when the initial touch data is stored together with the pitch information and the note length information, the preset value P1 is set to the maximum value (full count value) immediately before the counter 112 overflows.
Or set to a relatively large value and play (automatic play)
Sometimes, if the value is set to a relatively small value, a note that does not have a certain touch force will not be pronounced even though the key moves, and the expressive power can be severely checked.

It has been described that a circuit for creating such touch data is provided for each key. However, only one set of this circuit is provided in common for each key, and this circuit is used in a time-division manner for each key. You may make it.

Further, all the functions of these circuits can be realized by a program processing using a microcomputer.

<Second Circuit Example> Next, a second circuit example according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 51 shows a touch data forming circuit 130 of the first circuit example.
46 is a block diagram showing only a portion corresponding to FIG. 46, and other portions are the same as those in the first circuit example shown in FIG. 46, so that illustration and description thereof are omitted.

The touch data forming circuit 230 includes a counter 131 and an FF13
3 and the differentiating circuit 134 are the same as the above-mentioned touch data forming circuit 130, but four latch circuits 132a to 132c are used as latch circuits.
132d is provided, and four / OS circuits 135a to 135d are connected in series even if the / OS circuit is provided, and the rise when the output of each / OS circuit changes from "0" to "1" , Each latch circuit 132a ~
It is a 132d latch signal.

Furthermore, the value obtained by subtracting the A input from the B input (B−
A) are provided between the outputs of the latch circuits 132a and 132b, between the outputs of the latch circuits 132b and 132c, and between the outputs of the latch circuits 132c and 132d. Along with the output, the outputs of the subtraction circuits 137a to 137c are sent to the multi-circuit as touch data via AND gates 139a to 139c, respectively.

Further, the output of the latch circuit 132a is set to the A input, the output of the subtraction circuit 137a is set to the B input, and the output is set to "1" when C <AB (where C is a positive numerical value, for example, " 3 ") is provided with a subtraction comparison circuit 138a, and its output is set to NO.
Inverted and in T circuits N ₁ given as inhibit signal to the AND circuit 139a,
Prohibition means is provided for closing the AND gate 139a when the prohibition signal is "0".

As similar prohibiting means, the subtraction comparison circuit 138b provided between the output of the subtraction circuit 137a and 137b, and the inhibition signal of the AND gate 139b inverts the output at the NOT circuit N _2, subtracting circuit 137b and 1
A subtraction and comparison circuit 138c is provided between the outputs of 37c, and the output is NOT
And the inhibition signal of the AND gate 139c inverts the circuit N _3.

According to this circuit, when FF133 is set by a keypress signal when the output of the comparator 116 of the keypress detection circuit 100 shown in FIG. 46 becomes "1", its / Q output becomes "0". And the counter 131 is enabled, and the key operation pulse CK ₁
Start counting.

At the same time, the differentiating circuit 134 generates a differential pulse at the rise of the Q output of the FF 133, and triggers the / OS circuit 135a. Thereafter, the / OS circuits 135b, 135c and 135d are sequentially triggered with a delay of a predetermined time, and a latch signal (rising signal) is sequentially applied to the latch circuits 132a to 132d at predetermined time intervals.

It was but connexion, when the delay time by each / OS circuits tau, each latch 132a~132d the time respectively from the counter 131 starts to count the key operation pulses CK ₁ tau, 2.tau,
The count values after 3τ and 4τ are latched.

Then, the output of the latch circuit 132a is used as touch data, and the outputs of the subtraction circuits 137a to 137c are respectively AND gate 1
The data is transmitted to the multi-circuit as touch data via 39a to 139c.

However, when the output of the latch circuit 132a or the value obtained by subtracting the output of the subsequent-stage subtraction circuit from the output of the preceding-stage subtraction circuit becomes larger than the set value C, the output of the subtraction-comparison circuit becomes “1” and the output of the NOT circuit becomes “1”. Since it becomes "0", the AND gate closes and the output of the subtraction circuit is not output as touch data.

For example, if the outputs of the latch circuits 132a, 132b, 132c, 132d are "22", "53", "64", and "64", respectively, the touch data is "22".

The outputs of the subtraction circuits 137a, 137b, and 137c are "31", "11", and "0", respectively.
Is so "-9", the output does not become When C = 3 to C <A-B is "0", the output of the NOT circuit N ₁ is "1"
Therefore, the AND gate 139a is opened, and the output "23" of the subtraction circuit 137a becomes the touch data.

Since AB of the subtraction / comparison circuit 138b is "20", C
<AB, so the output becomes “1” and the NOT circuit N ₂
Becomes "0", the AND gate 139b closes, and the output "11" of the subtraction circuit 137b is not output as touch data.

The output of the subtraction circuit 137c is "0" and the AND gate 139c
Of course, no touch data is output.

By doing so, when the key is pressed relatively Yutsukuri Since key operated pulse CK ₁ to latch 132d is latched the count value of the counter 131 is input, to the 52 Figure (a) As shown in Case 1 shown, four latch data are accurately obtained.

However, when the key is pressed strongly, the displacement speed increases. For example, as in the case 2 shown in FIG. 52 (b) in the above example, before the latch circuit 132c latches the count value of the counter 131, Key operation completed and key operation pulse CK
_{Since 1} is no longer input, the output of the subtraction circuit 137b is not the exact number of pulses during the time τ, and its output is prohibited.

In this case, as the touch data, for example, a value obtained by adding a difference to the value of the touch data (in this example, 31
+ 9 = 40) may be used by interpolation.

According to this embodiment, volume control such as the attack level of the envelope waveform can be performed using the touch data.

Also, using the value of each touch data to n or the magnitude of the difference (corresponding to the key depression acceleration), controlling the tone color, controlling the sustain time of the envelope waveform, or controlling the pitch variation, vibrato, tremolo depth and the like. Speed and the like can also be controlled.

Further, it is possible to control the timbre (combination of harmonic synthesis, etc.) in the next section using the touch data to n.

As described above, according to this embodiment, it is possible to obtain touch data by counting key operation pulses for each of a plurality of time intervals during key depression and change different tone control parameters, thereby enabling fine-grained tone control. This makes it easier for the player to inject emotions.

If a large number of latch circuits and / OS circuits are provided, a large number of touch data can be obtained by dividing one key press time into a larger number of time sections.

Further, when the count value of the counter 131 is reset by one latch circuit, the counter is reset to start counting the key operation pulse again, so that the subtraction circuits 137a to 137c become unnecessary.

Also, the function of the touch data forming circuit 230 can be realized by program processing using a micro computer.

<Third Circuit Example> Next, a third circuit example will be described with reference to FIG. 53 and subsequent figures.

FIG. 53 is a block diagram showing a third circuit example with the multi-circuit and subsequent circuits in FIG. 46 omitted.

In this circuit example, the key operation pulse detection circuit 100 'is composed of an amplifier 101 and a waveform shaping circuit 102', similarly to the circuit of FIG. 46. shape the pulse signal generated L or photo sensor so as to output a key operation pulses CK _1.

The key press detection circuit 110 and the key press end detection circuit 120 are the same as the circuit of FIG. 46, and the touch data formation circuit 330 and the newly provided key recovery signal detection circuit 170 are features of this circuit. is there.

The touch data forming circuit 330 has the same counters 131 and FF 133 as the touch data forming circuit 130 of FIG.
A latch circuit 332 with an LR) terminal, a selector 333, a preset value setting circuit 334 and a coincidence detection circuit 335, a set / reset type FF 336, and two D-type FFs 337 and 338 constituting a 2-bit shift register. , And an AND circuit 339.

The key recovery signal detection circuit 170 is generated by the photo sensor 16 shown in FIG. 1, the coil 54a shown in FIGS. 25 and 28, the coil 57 shown in FIG. 29, or another proximity sensor NS. A circuit for generating a return pulse immediately before the key completely rises and returns based on the signal.
And a NOT circuit 172 and an AND circuit 173.

When the proximity sensor NS generates a pulse signal a as shown in FIG. 54 (a) at the time of key operation, for example, the FF171
Outputs a pulse signal b which is delayed by one pulse of clock pulses CK ₀ it as shown in FIG. (B).

On the other hand, the NOT circuit 172 inverts the pulse signal a and outputs a pulse signal c shown in FIG. 9C, and the AND circuit 173 takes the AND of the pulse signal c and the pulse signal b output from the FF 171. , And outputs a key recovery pulse d shown in FIG.

This key return pulse d is generated between a lower limit position III when the key K is pressed and an upper limit position I when the key K shown in FIG. 55 is reached, and at a position II just before returning to the upper limit position I completely. .

The key recovery pulse d is input to the touch data forming circuit 330 as a reset signal of the FF 336 and as a clear signal of the latch circuit 332 and the FFs 337 and 338.

Therefore, before the key is pressed, the FF 336 is reset by the key return pulse at the time of the previous key pressing, and the latch circuits 332 and FF 33 are reset.
7,338 has been cleared.

Then, as the preset value P3 by the preset value setting circuit 334, a small value such as "2 to 4" is set.

When the key press is started, similar to the circuit in FIG. 46,
A pulse interval inversely proportional from the key operation pulse detection circuit 100 'to the displacement speed of the key, is output key operation pulses CK _1, the comparator 116 of the key-depression detecting circuit 110 when the displacement speed of the key is greater than or equal to the specified value to output " To set it to 1 ", FF133 is set and the reset of the counter 131 is released.

Counter 131 counts the subsequent key operation pulses CK _1,
When the count value reaches the preset value P3, the two inputs A and B of the coincidence detection circuit 335 become A = B, so that the output becomes "1" and the FF 336 is set. Therefore, AND
One input of the circuit 339 and the D input of the FF 337 become “1”.

By doing so, a key operation pulse is generated when the key vibrates or the player accidentally touches the key unintentionally, and even if it is counted by the counter 131, As described above, depending on the input timing of the key operation pulse, even if the key operation pulse is partially counted before the moving speed of the key reaches the set value, the count is extremely small in such a case. By preventing the value from being latched, it is possible to prevent a malfunction in which the value is erroneously output as the initial touch data.

Although then counter 131 continues counting the key operation pulses CK _1, the key stops reaches the outermost pressed position, the output of the comparator 122 of key depression end detection circuit 120 becomes "1", the output of the AND circuit 339 The latch signal becomes “1”,
The latch circuit 332 latches the count value of the counter 131 at that time.

Also, since a pulse is input to the CK terminal of FF337, 338,
The Q output of the FF 337 whose D terminal is “1” becomes “1”, and the selector 333 is enabled.

When enabled, the selector 333 inputs the latched count value to the latch circuit 332 and outputs it as initial touch data to the multi-circuit 140 in FIG. 46 from the output line on the "0" side.

Further, at this time, FF133 is reset and its / Q output becomes “1”, so that the counter 1 is delayed by the inversion time of FF133.
31 is reset to a disabled state.

Then, when the key starts to rise, again the key operation pulse CK ₁
There occurs, the key-depression detecting circuit 110 detects that the counter 131 starts counting of the key operating pulses CK ₁ is released reset.

Then, when the key is stopped again before the key has risen to the position II in FIG. 55, the latch circuit 332 again uses the pulse signal from the key press end detection circuit 120 to reset the counter 131 at that time.
And the D terminal of FF338 is "1", so that when a pulse is input to the CK terminal, the Q output becomes "1" and a switching signal is given to the selector 333.

As a result, the selector 333 inputs the count value latched by the latch circuit 332, and then inputs the count value from the output line on the “1” side as aftertouch data to the multi-circuit 140.
Output to

Thereafter, each time the key is pressed or returned between the positions II and III in FIG. 55, the key operation pulse is counted by the counter 131, and the count value is counted by the latch circuit 332.
Are output from the selector 333 as aftertouch data.

When the key returns to the position II or higher, the key recovery pulse d is output from the key recovery signal detection circuit 170, so that the latch circuit 332 and the FFs 337 and 338 are cleared, and the selector 333 is disabled. However, the count value up to that time is not output as aftertouch data.

Therefore, when the key is pressed and then returned to the upper limit, only the initial touch data is output, and the after touch data is not output.

Such a circuit is provided corresponding to each key, and the initial touch data and the after touch data output from each touch data forming circuit 330 are input to the multi-circuit 140, and the respective keys are time-divisionally initialized. The Yacht touch data and the after touch data are sent to the tone signal generation circuit 150.

In the same manner as described above, various tone control parameters such as the attack level (volume) of the generated tone signal can be controlled in multiple stages using the initial touch data.

Also, after-touch data can be used to perform after-tone control after tone generation, such as multi-step tone control using various parameters such as delay vibrato tremolo, pitch change, tone color change, and sustain waveform.

According to this circuit, the initial touch data and the after touch data can be detected by a common circuit.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention generates a pulse according to the moving force over the entire moving range (entire stroke) during the operation of the operator such as the key by the player, and Movement information corresponding to the movement speed and acceleration of the operation element is detected as a digital signal in accordance with the number of pulses, and tone control parameters can be changed and controlled based on the movement information.

Therefore, various musical sound controls such as touch control can be performed finely throughout the entire process, musical sounds can be formed with emotional expressions faithful to the player's will, and advanced playing with an electronic musical instrument becomes possible.

In addition, digital signal processing using a microcomputer is possible, and the increase in hardware is small, and it can be realized at a low cost with a relatively simple configuration.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a keyboard mechanism according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the same, FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of an essential part of the same, FIG. 4 and FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing different aspects of the yoke and the frame, FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing various aspects of the laminated magnet, FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a keyboard mechanism of a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the same, FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a keyboard mechanism according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the same, FIG. 11 is a view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of the reflection type photo sensor, FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a keyboard mechanism according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 14 is a sectional view thereof, and FIG. FIG. 16 is an explanatory view of a magnet pattern formed on the hammer, FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the frame, and FIG. FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a conductive pattern formed on the flexible substrate, FIG. 19 is a front view showing a completed state of the hammer, and FIG. 20 is an intermediate portion of the hammer before outsert. FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a state, FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of magnetizing a magnet pattern, FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing a relationship between a conductive pattern and a magnet pattern for explaining a pulse generation principle according to this embodiment, FIG. 23 is an explanatory view showing a different example of a conductive pattern. FIG. 24 is an explanatory view showing a different example of a magnet pattern formed on a hammer. FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing a keyboard mechanism of a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 26 is a perspective view showing the main part of the same, FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing a reflection type photo sensor provided to face the pattern surface, and FIG. 28 is around a hammer insertion hole of the frame of this embodiment. Print forming coil FIG. 29 is a front view showing a part of the board, FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example of a configuration for generating a key-off signal, and FIG. 31 (a) and (b) are output waveform diagrams of pulse signals at the time of forward movement and backward movement detected by the pattern, and FIG. 32 is a diagram of a handheld electronic musical instrument to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 33 is a sectional view showing a push-button mechanism according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 34 is a perspective view of a laminated magnet fixed to the push-button key, and FIG. 35 is a view showing the present invention. FIG. 36 is a perspective view of the seventh embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 37 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing the relationship between the magnet plate and the coil, and FIG. FIG. 39 is a perspective view showing a main part of a keyboard mechanism according to an eighth embodiment; FIG. 40 is an exploded perspective view showing the fixed pattern frame and the fixed pattern plate, FIG. 41 is an explanatory view showing the same moiré fringe generation state, and FIG. 42 is this embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the modification which changed some of them. 43 and 44 are explanatory diagrams of the operation of the moiré pattern according to the eighth embodiment, FIG. 45 is a partially cutaway side sectional view showing an expression pedal device of a ninth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 47 is a block diagram of a first circuit example according to the present invention, FIG. 47 is a waveform diagram showing an example in which pulse waveforms are generated when a key is pressed and when it is returned, and FIG. 48 is a circuit showing an example of a light receiving circuit of a photo sensor. FIG. 49 is a waveform diagram of a generated key operation pulse. FIG. 50 is a diagram showing a dynamic range change characteristic according to a preset value P1. FIG. 51 is a touch data generator of a second circuit example according to the present invention. 52 is a block diagram of the same, FIG. 53 is a block diagram of a third circuit example according to the present invention, and FIG. 54 is a block diagram of each part for explaining the operation of the key recovery signal detection circuit. Waveform diagram, FIG. 55 is provided for describing the operation of this embodiment. It is an explanatory diagram. 1,21,31,41,71,81… Key 2,42, keyboard frame 8,62… Laminated magnet 9,23,33,54,74… Printed circuit board 10,65,75,… Coil 16,24,88 … Transmissive photo sensors 22, 32, 52… Pattern plate 34,53… Reflective photo sensors 45,51… Hammer (interlocking member) 72… Magnet plate, 84… Slide member 84a… Slide frame, 85… Fixed pattern plate 86… Fixed Pattern frame, 87: movable pattern plate 89: moiré stripe, 93: support base, 94: tread plate 100, 100 '... key operation pulse detection circuit 110: key depression detection circuit 120: key depression end cycle detection circuit 130, 230, 330 ... touch data formation circuit 140 ... Multi circuit 140 ... Tone signal generation circuit 160 ... Sound system 170 ... Key recovery signal detection circuit

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-58-18812 (JP, A) JP-B-61-54234 (JP, B2) US Patent 4,580,478 (US, A)

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] A musical tone control operation member for moving and operating a detected portion disposed at a predetermined pitch, and a plurality of sound control members in accordance with the amount of movement of the detected portion in the entire movement range of the operation of moving the operation portion. Pulse generation means for sequentially generating pulses; movement detection means for counting pulses sequentially generated by the pulse generation means and detecting movement information of the operation element as a digital signal in accordance with the number of pulses; Means for changing and controlling musical tone control parameters based on movement information detected by the means. 2. A musical tone control operation member for moving an object to be detected, which is disposed at a predetermined pitch, and a plurality of operation members corresponding to the amount of movement of the object to be detected in the entire movement range of the operation of the operation member. Pulse generation means for sequentially generating pulses; movement start detection means for detecting the start of movement of the operator; pulses generated by the pulse generation means within a predetermined time from the time when the movement start detection means detects the start of movement An electronic musical instrument, comprising: a counter for counting the number; and means for changing and controlling musical tone control parameters in accordance with a count value detected by the counter. 3. A musical tone control operation device for moving and operating a detected portion provided at a predetermined pitch, and a plurality of sound control devices in accordance with the amount of movement of the detected portion in the entire moving range of the operation operation of the operation device. Pulse generating means for sequentially generating a pulse; operation detecting means for detecting the start and end of movement of the operation element; and the pulse between the movement start and end of the operation element detected by the operation detection means. An electronic musical instrument, comprising: a counter for counting the number of pulses generated by a generating means; and means for changing and controlling musical tone control parameters in accordance with a count value detected by the counter. 4. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 2, wherein said movement start detecting means detects the start of movement by comparing values of movement information, and is used for comparing with movement information. An electronic musical instrument having means for variably setting a comparison value. 5. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 3, wherein said movement detecting means compares the number of pulses in order to detect at least one of the start and end of movement of said operator. An electronic musical instrument comprising means for variably setting a value.