JP2759877B2 - Granular cocoon fuzz and its production method and production apparatus - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a granular material formed by shaping cocoon fluff, which is used as a fertilizer, a soil activator, etc. in the fields of agriculture and horticulture, and a method and an apparatus for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the use of large amounts of chemical fertilizers and the application of chemicals to soil have caused not only the problem of groundwater pollution around agricultural lands and golf courses, but also the problem of water pollution in river basins and the human body. It causes social problems such as influence. Furthermore, the use of artificial chemicals in the agricultural field has been found to cause not only the safety of food but also the vitality of the soil itself, and the use of organic fertilizers has been reviewed.

[0003] Various organic fertilizers have been used for growing crops since ancient times, but they are inconvenient to handle, particularly odorous, and have difficulty in use. The use of organic fertilizers is also recommended in the field of horticulture, but also has a problem in that hands and utensils are smudged and odor is generated.

The so-called cocoon fuzz as a by-product when the cocoon thread is unwound from the cocoon is mainly composed of thin silkworm cocoon waste raw silk, and is generally cotton-like in which a part of silkworm pupa and feces are mixed. Has been used as a raw material for silk spinning, but in recent years its demand has been extremely small. Since this is an organic substance, it can be used as a fertilizer, and its effect as a fertilizer is also recognized.However, since it is cottony, it is bulky and inconvenient to handle, and it is not sufficiently mixed with soil, so decomposition is slow. There are many problems to use it as it is.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In view of the above points, the present invention provides a granular cocoon fuzz which is effective not only as a fertilizer but also as an activator of soil by granulating and granulating cocoon fuzz. And a method of manufacturing the same and an apparatus for manufacturing the same.

[0006]

The granular cocoon fuzz of the present invention is obtained by cutting the cocoon fuzz into a short length, adding an organic binder and water, kneading the mixture, extruding the mixture, granulating and drying. Cut cocoon fluff, rice bran and small organic binder
Flour and water are, for example, 15:10:
By mixing at a ratio of 1: 125,
Grains can be made. The equipment for producing granular cocoon fluff is
A cutter for shredding floc cocoon fluff, a mixer for kneading shredded floc cocoon fuzz and a binder, a chopper for extruding and kneading the kneaded material kneaded with the mixer, a granulated cocoon fuzz fluff And a sorter for sorting granular cocoon fluff according to the size of the granular material.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The granular cocoon fluff of the present invention is obtained by kneading a cocoon fluff, which has been cut short, with flour, rice bran , oil cake, fish meal, pupal flour and the like as an organic binder by adding water thereto. It is granulated by cutting while extruding and sequentially transferring and drying.

[0008] The cocoon fluff used in the present invention is mainly made of thin cocoon cocoon raw silk and the like, as described above, and is cotton-like as a whole mixed with silkworm pupa fragments and feces. The cocoon fuzz is cut into appropriate lengths. The cutting length is appropriately selected depending on the particle size of the product, since the average particle size of the product after granulation is about 2 to 10 mm, which is convenient for use.
It is preferably as short as possible, for example, cut to about 3 to 10 mm.

[0009] The cut cocoon fuzz is kneaded with a mixer or the like after adding an organic binder and water. As an organic binder, wheat flour, rice bran, oil cake, fish meal, pupa flour, etc. are used alone or in a mixture. The use of rice bran containing phosphorus is particularly preferred. Cocoon fuzz and organic binder
Table 1 shows an example of the mixing ratio of water and water . That is, it was disconnected
Cocoon fluff, rice bran and flour as organic binder, and water
The mixing ratio is approximately 15: 10: 1: 12 by weight.
By using at a ratio of 5, granulation can be performed.
Wear. However, cutting cocoon fluff, organic binder, and water distribution
The mixing ratio is not particularly limited to this ratio, and is adjusted so as to maintain appropriate fluidity in the subsequent granulation step.

[0010]

[Table 1]

Further, by adding ash to the binder during granulation to increase the effect as a fertilizer, nitrogen,
It is also possible to include three components of phosphorus and potassium. Furthermore, commercially available effective microorganisms (photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast,
Microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria) can be used, for example, EM bacteria (trade name, manufactured by EM-Umemura Co., Ltd.) attached after granulation.

The kneaded cut cocoon fluff, binder and water mud are extruded from a hopper to form a small lump through a forming cutter plate of a granulator, and the drum is rolled on a vibrating shooter having no separation. The granules are transferred to a dryer and granulated and dried sequentially. Although the drying temperature is not particularly specified, it is generally preferable to carry out the drying at 100 ° C. or higher. The dried granular cocoon fluff is separated into several kinds of particle size groups by a screening sieve.

An apparatus for producing a granular cocoon fluff according to the present invention will be described.

The apparatus 1 for producing granular cocoon fluff is mainly composed of a cutter 3 for chopping fluffy cocoon fuzz 2, a mixer 5 for kneading the shredded cotton cocoon fluff 4 and an organic binder,
A chopper 7 for extruding and cutting and granulating the mud-like kneaded material 6 kneaded in the above, a drier 9 for drying the granulated cocoon fluff 8 in a wet state, and the dried granular cocoon fluff 8 in the size of the granular material. Mainly from the screening sieve 10 to be screened.

Next, details of each section will be described. Cutter 3
Are rubber belts 11, 11 provided with cotton-like cocoon fuzz 2 in pairs.
Introduced into the cutter 3 while holding it with an apparent width of 5
The pair of belts 11, 11 has a fixed blade 12 and a rotary blade 13 at the ends thereof. The cut cocoon fluff 4 is conveyed on a conveyor 14 and put into a mixer 5 together with an organic binder and water to be kneaded.

The mixer 5 may have an appropriate shape as long as the cocoon fiber is not damaged. In the example shown in the figure, a stirring blade 15a which rotates by appropriate means is hung in the kneading tank 15.
The illustrated mixer 5 is of a batch type. Mixer 5
Subsequently, a chopper 7 is provided. The chopper 7 has a screw 18 rotatably provided in a tubular body 17 having a forming cutter plate 16 at a leading portion, and a cutter 19 provided at a tip of the screw 18. The cutter 19 has an appropriate number of blades 19a as shown in FIG. 3 and is in close contact with the forming cutter plate 16, cut into appropriate lengths from the small holes 16a of the forming cutter plate 16, and extrudes the kneaded material as a mud-like mass 8a. ing.
A hopper 20 and a pushing member 21 for pushing the kneaded material 6 cut into the tubular body 17 are provided at an upper portion of the tubular body 17. The pushing member 21 is a piston 23 of the fluid cylinder 22.
Are provided with a pressing member 24, and the kneaded material 6 supplied into the hopper 20 is fed into the cylindrical body 17 by alternately projecting the pistons 23. The screw 18 is rotated by a motor 25.

Below the forming cutter plate 16 of the screw 18, there is provided a shooter 26 for receiving the muddy mass 8a dropped from the forming cutter plate 16. The shooter 26 is provided with a separation 27 at a position where the muddy mass 8a is released from the chopper 7 and falls. FIG. 2, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 6, one end of a bar 30 is fixed to a beam 29 extending between the side walls 28 of the shooter 26. The stutter 26 vibrates finely by a vibration means (not shown), and the vibrating motion causes the bar 30 to vibrate at the tip, and drops while preventing the muddy masses 8a falling thereon from adhering to each other. The tip of the star 26 is the dryer 9
Is inserted into the drum 31 from the side.

The drying machine 9 mainly includes a drying drum 37 mounted on four driving rolls 36 provided on the machine frame 35 at intervals in the circumferential direction. , Which rotate in response to the rotation. The drying drum 37 protrudes the fins 39 in a spiral shape on the inner peripheral surface, receives the muddy mass 8a discharged from the star 26 between the fins 39, and rotates the muddy mass 8a as the drying drum 37 rotates. From the inlet 40 to the outlet 41, and during that time, the muddy mass 8a is dried to form the granular cocoon fluff 8. Drying of the muddy mass 8a is performed by the drying drum 3
7 may be heated by a separate means, or heated air may be blown from the inlet 40 to the outlet 41.

The outlet 41 of the drying drum 37 is provided with a screening sieve 1
0 is provided. The screening sieve 10 has vibration means (not shown) at the same time as the stutter 26, and the separating sieves 44, 45, 46, which become coarser from the upper part to the lower part between both side walls 43.
47 are provided, and containers 48, 49, 50 and 51 for receiving the separated granular cocoon fuzz 8 are placed below the separation sieve.

In order to produce the granular cocoon fluff 8 by the apparatus of the present invention, the cotton cocoon fluff 2 is nipped by the belts 11, and the cotton cocoon fluff 2 is fixed to the fixed blade 12 as the belts 11, 11 progress.
And the rotary blade 13 and cut into an apparent width of about 5 mm. The cut cocoon fluff 4 is conveyed to the mixer 5 by the conveyor 14 and kneaded with the organic binder and water.

The kneading is performed at room temperature for about 20 minutes. The obtained kneaded material 6 is put into the chopper 7 from the hopper 20.
For the introduction, a pushing member 21 for feeding the kneaded material into the chopper 7 as necessary is used. The kneaded material 6 composed of the cut cocoon fluff 4 and the binder is pressed by a screw 18 and simultaneously cut into appropriate lengths by a cutter 19, extruded as a muddy mass 8a smaller than the small holes 16a of the forming cutter 16 plate, and provided below. The drop 27 is dropped on the separated separator 27, and the mud 8a is vibrated by the separator 27 so as not to come into contact with each other, and the spiral fin 39 is provided on the inner wall while rolling on the shooter 16. It is sent to the drum 37 and drying and granulation are completed in the drying drum 37. The obtained granular cocoon fluff 8 is discharged from the drying drum 37 and separated by the selection sieve 10 into each particle size group to obtain a product.

The obtained granular cocoon fuzz 8 has an average particle size of 2 to 10.
mm odorless granular material, without soiling hands and containers
Some are very convenient for packing.

Next, the state of plant growth when the granular cocoon fluff obtained as described above is used as a fertilizer or a soil activator will be described.

First of all, the drainage is made good by styrofoam pieces at the lower part of two containers of the same shape, and red clay, mulch and oil cake are mixed into the containers. A 5 mm granular cocoon fuzz was used as an active section in which about 1/4 volume% of the above nursery was mixed, and the other container B was a control section to which no granular cocoon fuzz was added. June 1995 in both containers
On May 27, red peppers having a plant height of about 15 cm were planted.
No change was observed 10 days after planting, but there was a difference in growth after that. On August 10, the height of red peppers in the active area of Container A was 45 cm, whereas the control area of Container B was 45 cm. The thing was 32 cm, and there was a clear difference not only in plant height but also in leaf growth.

On September 18, the red peppers in Container A were about 60 cm tall and had good fruit set. The red pepper in Container B had a plant height of about 50 cm, and was small and fruitless. Further, the container A and the container B were longitudinally cut, and the state of rooting of the red peppers in the active group and the control group was observed from the cross section, and it was found that the rooting in the active group was good.

[0026]

The granular cocoon fluff according to the present invention is obtained by cutting cocoon fluff, kneading and granulating with a binder, and the resulting product is odorless granular material, so that it is convenient for handling and is useful for agriculture and horticulture. It can be widely used in the field. Silk is made of extremely pure protein containing 18 kinds of amino acids and is not only effective as a fertilizer containing nitrogen, but also has a function of absorbing ultraviolet rays and enzymes, and also has a function of absorbing and releasing moisture. When the granular cocoon fluff according to the present invention is used as a fertilizer or activator, a remarkable effect on the growth of plants can be recognized.

Moreover, in the present invention, the cocoon fluff can be automatically granulated by a series of steps.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a cutter and a mixer in the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a chopper and a dryer of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a chopper cutter.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a forming cutter plate of the chopper and its surroundings.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a shooter.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a separation device.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the granular cocoon fuzz of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Granular cocoon fluff manufacturing apparatus 3 Cutter 5 Mixer 7 Chopper 8 Granular cocoon fluff 9 Dryer

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cut cocoon fuzz and an organic binder
The mixing ratio of rice bran, flour, and water is approximately 1 by weight.
Mix at a ratio of 5: 10: 1: 125, knead and granulate
Granulated cocoon fluff for fertilizer or activator . 2. The method for producing granular cocoon fluff according to claim 1, wherein an organic microorganism group is adhered after granulation. 3. A method for producing granular cocoon fuzz, comprising cutting cocoon fuzz into a short length, adding an organic binder and water, kneading the mixture, extruding the mixture, granulating and drying. 4. A cutter for shredding fluffy cocoon fuzz, a mixer for kneading shredded fluffy cocoon fuzz and a binder, a chopper for extruding and kneading the kneaded material kneaded by the mixer, and granulation. A granular cocoon fluff manufacturing device comprising a dryer for drying the granular cocoon fluff and a sorting machine for sorting the granular cocoon fluff according to the size of the granular material.