JP2699279B2 - Tone generator - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a tone generator, and more particularly to a technique for designating a method of synthesizing a tone in a sound source. [Background] A tone generator having a sound source that synthesizes a tone using a plurality of waveform generation modules is already known. The plurality of waveform generation modules described above can be connected in various forms, and the entire connection structure specifies how to synthesize musical sounds. In the case of the prior art, a numerical value is assigned to each of the predetermined N ways of synthesizing a musical tone, and a numerical value is selected by an input device, thereby changing the musical sound synthesizing method (connection structure of a plurality of waveform generating modules). I have identified. If there are many selections in this input format, it becomes difficult for the user to grasp which numerical value corresponds to which musical tone synthesis method. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the number of types of musical sound synthesis that can be selected by the user to a certain number. This may mean that the musical sound synthesis capability of the sound source itself is only insufficiently utilized. For example, some music synthesis algorithms may be executable on the sound source but not available to the user. [Object of the Invention] Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a tone generator capable of specifying a wider variety of ways of synthesizing a tone while having an easy-to-understand input format. [Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plurality of waveform generation modules having conversion table means for converting a phase input as input means and envelope generation means for controlling an output level of the conversion table means. The two consecutive waveform generation modules are used as a unit for assembling the musical tone synthesis, and the output of the previous waveform generation module in this unit is added to the output of the subsequent waveform generation module. Means for selecting whether to use as the phase input of the waveform generating module after (b) or at least part of the envelope input of the waveform generating module after (c), and outputting the output result of the structural unit. , (D) use at least as part of the phase input of the subsequent waveform generation module in the next constituent unit,
(E) means for selecting whether to output as a musical tone. According to the present invention, since the method of synthesizing musical sounds is assembled on the user side, it is not necessary to confirm the method of synthesizing musical sounds specified by input. For example, if the sound source has eight time-division waveform generation modules, the user considers two consecutive modules of eight modules as one, and assumes four sets of constituent units (four lines). Determine the module connection relationship (addition, phase, or ring). further,
It is determined whether each constituent unit is output as a musical sound or sent as a phase to the next constituent unit. From the above, the method of synthesizing the musical tone by the user side is determined. Then, it is only necessary to input the determined relations to the electronic musical instrument using the input device. Therefore, as compared with the prior art, as in the prior art, after the user determines the way of synthesizing the musical tone, that is, the connection structure of all the waveform generation modules, the user selects the corresponding selection number and then inputs. No need. Also, in the case of the present invention, in the case of a sound source of 8 modules, the total
There are 648 ways to synthesize music. That is, since there are three choices of module relations for four lines per line, there are 3 ⁴ = 81 choices for four lines, and a total of 648 choices for connection relations between lines, with 2 ³ = 8 choices. .
Therefore, it is possible to make full use of the musical tone synthesis capability of the sound source. Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a functional diagram of the electronic musical instrument according to the embodiment.
The states of the keyboard 1 and the switch section 2a are monitored by the CPU 3, and key depression / key release, tone selection, and the like are detected. The display 2b displays the selected tone, edit data, etc.
Displayed by U3. For controlling the sound source LSI 6, the CPU 3
Generates required data using MOR4, RAM, etc.
Transfer to 6. The tone generator LSI 6 generates a musical tone using the external RAM 7 as a calculation buffer. The generated music is DAC
The signal is converted into an analog signal by a (digital / analog converter), amplified by the amplifier 9, and emitted by the speaker 10. FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the sound source LSI 6. In this example, the sound source LSI 6 has an eight-channel configuration having eight modules per channel. The interface / control unit 11 is a circuit that interfaces the CPU 3 and the sound source LSI 6, generates a timing signal that acts on each part of the sound source LSI 6, and explains a type of transfer data from the CPU 3.
Write to the external RAM 7 via the external RAM interface 16. The envelope / key code generation circuit reads / writes the external RAM 7 via the external RAM interface 16 and performs exponential conversion / read in an internal arithmetic circuit (not shown).
An envelope and a key code to be sent to the phase angle generation circuit 13 are generated. The exponential conversion / phase angle generation circuit 13 performs exponential conversion on the sent envelope and key code, and accumulates the exponentially converted key code (phase difference value) to generate phase angle data. In this case, the sampling period of the envelope data and the key code calculated by the envelope / key code generation circuit 12 is relatively low because the external RAM 7 is used, while the sampling period of the tone waveform in the waveform generation circuit 15 is Since the speed is high, the speed conversion for this is also executed by an internal buffer (not shown) of the exponential conversion / use angle generation circuit 13. As a result, the exponential conversion / phase angle generation circuit 13 outputs each channel synchronized with the waveform generation circuit 15,
It is supplied to the phase angle data and envelope data waveform generation circuit 15 for each module time. The C register 14 has a memory for storing information (operation code) for controlling the operation of the waveform circuit 6 for each channel and each module. Each time an operation code is transferred from the CPU 3, the C register 14 is transmitted through the interface / control unit 11. Thus, the contents of the memory are updated. The C register 14 reads an operation code corresponding to each channel and module time synchronized with the waveform circuit 15 from an internal memory and supplies the operation code to the waveform generation circuit 15. Waveform generation circuit 15
Selectively uses the time division envelope data and the phase data supplied from the exponential conversion / phase angle generation circuit 13 in accordance with the time division operation code for each channel and module supplied from the C register 14 to generate various musical tones. FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the waveform generation circuit 15. The portion surrounded by the broken line is the waveform module 15M. The time-division envelope data given from the exponential conversion / phase angle generation circuit 13 for each channel and module time is represented by E, and the phase angle data is represented by ωt. Each selection circuit XS, ES, TS, SS in the waveform module 15M is determined by the operation code given for each channel and module time from the C register 14.
Is controlled. XS indicates a phase angle selection circuit used in the sine wave module 15M.
According to the operation code, XS is: (a) the phase angle data generated by the exponential conversion / phase angle generation circuit 13, (b) the waveform output W _-1 of the previous module, and (c) the output of the tempo register 15-3. R, (d) Select either sum or difference of (b) and (c). ES is an envelope selection circuit. (A) Envelope data E generated by exponential conversion / phase angle generation circuit 13 when bit 3 of operation code C is 0; Temporary register 15-3 for envelope data E
And the sum of the past waveform output or the accumulated waveform R '. PD is a phase distortion / noise selection circuit. (A) No phase distortion when bits 2 to 0 of operation code C are 0; (b) Five-stage phase distortion when 1 to 5; (D) multiplication of white noise and a sine wave when (7). Now, assuming that there is no phase distortion, the waveform module 15M
Represents the phase selected by the phase angle selection circuit XS in SINROM 15-1.
Is converted into a sine wave, and this is multiplied by the envelope selected by the envelope selection circuit SE by the multiplier 15-2. The output of the multiplier is the output W of the waveform module 15M. TS is a circuit for selecting the input of the temporary register 15-3. According to the operation code, (a) the waveform output W of the current module, (b) the output R of the temporary register, and (c) the output of the temporary register (a) and (b). Select from sum or difference. SS is a circuit for selecting the input to the accumulator 15-4 for accumulating the musical tone waveform to be output to the DAC 8, and the accumulator input is: (a) the waveform W of the current module plus or minus the accumulated waveform; Or (b) an accumulated waveform (no change). That is, the accumulator input selection circuit SS selects whether or not the waveform W of the current module is to be a part of the tone to be output from the waveform generation circuit 15. FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the operation code and the operation of the waveform module 15M. The subscript i in the figure represents the ith module. For example, if the operation code C is 0X (16
), The input of the accumulator 15-4 is the sum of the accumulated waveform Σ up to that point and the waveform W _i-1 of the previous module, and the phase angle X _i of the current module is an exponent The phase data ω _i t generated by the conversion / phase angle generation circuit 13 is selected. The present invention relates to a technique for specifying, with an easy-to-understand input, a method of synthesizing a musical tone executed by a plurality of time-division waveform modules as exemplified by the above-described waveform generation circuit 15 with respect to a sound source having the plurality of time-division waveform modules. . The details will be described below. First, the eight time-division waveform modules are divided into four parts (lines), which are used as the constituent units for assembling the tone synthesis, and the addition, phase, and ring modulation can be selected as the module relationships within the constituent units. To In the addition, when the output of the module i is represented by E _i sinω _i t, E _{i + 1} sinω _{i + 1} t + E _i sinω ₁ t is the output of the structural unit. In the phase, since the later module i + 1 is the output of module i, E _{i + 1} sin (E _i sin ω _i t) is the output of the constituent unit. In the ring modulation, the output of the module i is added to the envelope E _{i + 1} of the module i + 1 generated by the exponential conversion / phase angle generation circuit 13 and becomes the envelope input of the module i + 1 of the waveform generation circuit 15. _{i + 1} + E _i sinω _i t) sinω _{i + 1} t is the output of the constituent unit. Further, as to what the output of the structural unit is used for, it is possible to selectively select the phase input of the latter module of the next-stage structural unit, a part thereof, or a tone. . By adding a selection element that makes the output of all constituent units the phase of the constituent unit of the next stage, multiple frequency components can be included in the phase input of the module, thereby enriching the tone that can be generated. can do. FIG. 5 illustrates an input device suitable for the above requirements. As shown on the screen of the display unit 2b-1, as information on each line (0 to 3), a relationship between two modules constituting the line (ADD: addition, PHASE: phase, RING: ring modulation)
And the relationship with the next line. “N”
Indicates that the output of the line is input to the next line, and "FF" indicates that the output of the line is not input to the next line but is used as a musical tone. Select the line number using the cursor keys 2a-1 and use the value keys 2b-1
Use to select line setting information. The display unit 2b-1
Is a part of the display unit 2b in FIG.
1. The value key 2b-1 is a part of the switch unit 2a. FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of the waveform generation circuit 15. 2 consecutive
Think of one module as one arithmetic circuit (one line)
The output of each line is connected by a line to indicate that it can be input to the next line. Figure 7 shows the structure of the arithmetic circuit L ₁ in the next stage arithmetic circuit L ₀ of FIG. 6. A selection switch SW1, SW2, SW3 within the arithmetic circuit L _0, selection switches SW5 within arithmetic circuit L _1, SW6, SW7 is a module relationships in line, it adds, phase, those selected from among the ring-modulated It is. The selection switches SW4 and SW8 select whether the line output is input to the next line or a tone. Now, the arithmetic circuit L _0, selection switch SW4 When the right, to be represented by the output alpha ₀ of the arithmetic circuit L ₀₎ is input to the next stage arithmetic circuit L _1. Arithmetic circuit L ₁ is,
When the switches SW5, SW6, and SW7 are middle, down, and left, respectively, E ₃ sin (α ₀ ) + E ₂ sin ω ₂ t Up, down, and right, E ₃ sin (α ₀ + E ₂ sin ω ₂ t) In the middle, upper, and right directions, (E ₃ + E ₂ sinω ₂ t) · sin (α ₀ ) is output. Generally, arithmetic circuits Output Is input to the next-stage arithmetic circuit i / 2.
/ 2 is Is output. FIG. 8 shows the operation code and the selection switch SW1.
8 shows the correspondence with the states of FIG. For example, C0 =
"00", C1 = "80 ", C2 = "40", when the C3 = "10", the output of the arithmetic circuit L ₀ is _{E 0 sinω 0 t + E 1} sinω 1 t , and the
This is the phase input of L _1, the arithmetic circuit L ₁ of module 3
Outputs E ₃ sin (E ₀ sin ω ₀ t + E ₁ sin ω ₁ t). This is added to the output E ₂ sin .omega ₂ t of module 2 operation circuit L _1. In detail, it is derived from FIG. 3 and FIG.
0 ", the waveform E ₀ sinω ₀ generated by module ₀ is represented by C
1 = “80” is input to the temporary register 15-3 in FIG. 3 (R = E ₀ sinω ₀ t), and the waveform E ₁ sinω ₁ t of the module 1 is generated by C1 = “80”. Waveform is C
2 = “40”, it is added to the previous E ₀ sin ω ₀ t and input to the temporary register 15-3 (R = E ₀ sin ω ₀ t + E ₁ sin ω)
₁ t), also C2 = "40" by the module 2 waveform E ₂ sin
omega ₂ t is generated, by C3 = "10", the contents _{E 0 sinω 0 t + E 1} sinω 1 t of the temporary register 15-3 becomes the phase input of the module 3, its output E ₃ sin (E ₀ sinω ₀ t +
E ₁ sinω ₁ t), and the addition by C3 = "10", the waveform of the module ₂ E 2 sinω 2 t is input to the accumulator 15-4 (sigma
= E ₂ sinω ₂ t). Then, although not shown in FIG. 8, the operation code C4 of the next module is "00" (see FIG. 10 described later).
Is added to the waveform of the previous module 2 and input to the accumulator 15-4 (Σ = E ₂ sin ω ₂ t + E ₃ sin (E ₀ sin ω ₀
t + E ₁ sinω ₁ t)). FIG. 9 is a waveform synthesis designation register MD01, MD23, MD45, MD67 changed by the input device exemplified in FIG.
The lower two bits indicate the relationship between the modules in the line, as in the first embodiment, and the bit 2 indicates whether to output as a tone input as a phase to the next line. The CPU 3 generates an operation code of each module from the waveform synthesis designation registers MD01, MD23, MD45, and MD67 and transfers it to the C register 14 of the sound source. FIG. 10 is a flowchart of an operation code generation program executed by the CPU 3. This will be described according to some examples. The case of outputting E ₂ sin ω ₂ t + E ₃ sin (E ₀ sin ω ₀ t + E ₁ sin ω ₁ t) has been described. In this case, MD01 = "04", M
D23 = "00". On the flow, T1, T2, T3, T6, T3
3, proceeding to T34, C0 = "00", C1 = "80", C2 =
“40”, C3 = “10”, and C4 = “00” are generated. Next, consider the case of outputting E ₃ sin (E ₂ sin ω ₂ t + E ₁ sin ω ₁ t + E ₀ sin ω ₀ t). In this case, MD01 = "04", MD23
= “01”. Depending on the flow, C0 = "00", C1 =
“80”, C2 = “40”, C3 = “10”, and C4 = “00” are generated. (T1, T2, T3, T6, T33, T35). Until C2,
Is similar to the first example, in the following C3, the phase input X ₃ W <sub>2
+ R = E 2 sinω 2 t</sub> + E 1 sinω contains the _{1 t + E 0 sinω 0 t} , the output W ₃ of the module _{3, E 3 sin (E 2 sinω} 2 t + E 1 sinω 1 t 30 s
inω ₀ t), which is the next operation code C4
= By "00", as shown by sigma = sigma + W _3, is input to the accumulator. Next, (E ₃ + E ₂ sinω ₂ t) sin (E ₁ sinω ₁ t + E ₀ sinω
₀ t) is output. In this case, MD01 = "0
4 ", MD23 =" 02 ", and C0 =" 00 ", C1 from the flow
= "80", C2 = "40", C3 = "98", and C4 = "00" (T1, T2, T3, T6, T33, T36). Until OC2 is the same as the previous, the output R of the temporary register 15-3 by C3 = "98" as the phase input X ₃ modules 3
(= E ₁ sinω ₁ t + E ₀ sinω ₀ t) and E ₃ + R ′ (R ′ = W ₂ = E ₂ sinω ₂ ) as an envelope input
t) is selected, and module 3 is (E ₃ + E ₂ sinω ₂ t) sin
(E ₁ sin ω ₂ t + E ₀ sin ω ₀ t), which is input to the accumulator 15-4 by OC4. Next, when E ₃ sin (E ₂ sin ω ₂ t + E ₁ sin (E ₀ sin ω ₀ t)) is output, since MD01 = “05” and MD23 = “01”, C0-2 = “00” from the flow. , “A0”, “80”, C3, 4 = “7
0 "and" 00 "are generated (T1, T2, T4, T6, T33, T3
Five). To C2 is the same as the previous example, X in C3 ₃ ← R + W
₂ is executed, Σ ← Σ + W ₃ is executed in C4, and W ₃ = E ₃ sin
(W ₂ + R) = E ₃ sin (E ₂ sin ω ₂ t) + E ₁ sin (E ₀ sin ω ₀ t) Next, (E ₃ + E ₂ sin ω ₂ t) sin (E ₁ sin (E ₀ sin ω ₀ t) ))
Is output, MD01 = "05" and MD23 = "02".
From the flow, OC0-2 = “00”, “A0”, “80”, C3,4
= “98”, “00” are generated (T1, T2, T4, T6, T33, T
36). Until C2 is the same as the previous, C3 in _{X 3 ← R (= E 1} si
n (E ₀ sinω ₀ t)), then R ′ ← W ₂ (= E ₂ sinω ₂₎
t), W ₃ ← (E ₃ + R ') sinX ₃ and C4 Σ ←
Perform Σ + W _3. Here, W ₃ = (E ₃ + E ₂ sinω ₂ t) sin (E ₁
sin (E ₀ sinω ₀ t)). The first three examples are all carried out subject to arithmetic circuit L _0, 2 cases after is the case where the arithmetic circuit L ₀ is using module 0 to module 1 phase. If the arithmetic circuit L ₀ is the ring modulation, MD01 = "06", and becomes a C0~2 = "00""88""80" (T4). X ₀ ← ω ₀ t at C0, X ₁ ← ω ₁ t at C1, R ← W ₀
In _{(E 0 sinX 0 = E 0} sinω 0 t), for the _{W 1 ← (E 1 + R} ) sinX 1, W 1 = (E 1 + E 0 sinω 0 t) sinω 1 t next. This is C2
Is stored in R. Thereafter, the arithmetic circuit L ₁ is specified similarly to the above-described example, so far R (temporary register 15
The contents of 3) is used as either the _{E 3 sinR + E 2 sinω 2} t E 3 sin (R + E 2 sinω 2 t) (E 3 + E 2 sinω 2 t) sinR. For example, E ₇ sin (E ₅ sin (E ₃ sin (E ₁ sin ω ₁ t + E ₀ sin ω ₀ t) + E ₂ s
inω ₂₄ t) + E ₄ sinω ₄ t) + E ₆ sinω ₆ t
D01 = "04", MD23 = "04", MD45 = "04", MD67 = "00"
Then, from the flow, C0 to 7 =
“00”, “80”, “40”, “90”, “40”, “90”, “40”,
“10” is generated (T1, T2, T3, T6, T7, T8, T11, T1
2, T13, T16, T17). OC0~7, expressed in index waveform module 15M of the module number, the _{contents, C0 Σ ← W 7 + Σ} , X 0 ← ω 0 t C1 R 1 ← W 0, X 1 ← ω 1 t C2 R 2 ← W ₁ + R ₁ , X ₂ ← ω ₂ t C3 R ₃ ← W ₂ , X ₃ ← R ₂ C4 R ₄ ← W ₃ + R ₃ , X ₄ ← ω ₄ t C5 R ₅ ← W ₄ , X ₅ ← R ₄ C6 R ₆ ← W ₅ + R ₅ , X ₆ ← ω ₆ t C7 Σ ← W ₀ , X ₇ ← R ₆ , and the final content of the accumulator 15-4 indicated by Σ is Σ = W ₇ + W ₆ = represented by _{E 7 sinX 7 + E 6 sinX} 6 = E 7 sinR 6 + E 6 sinω 6. Here, R ₆ = W ₅ + R ₅ = E ₅ sinX ₅ + W ₄ = E ₅ sinR ₄ + E ₄ sinω ₄ t R ₄ = W ₃ + R ₃ = E ₃ sinX ₃ + W ₂ = E ₃ sinR ₂ + E ₂ sinω ₂ since at _{t R 2 = W 1 + R} 1 = E 1 sinX 1 + W 0 = E 1 sinω 1 t + E 0 sinX 0 = E 1 sinω 1 t + E 0 sinω 0 t, the final _{output, E 7 sin (E 5 sin} ( E a _{3 sin (E 1 sinω 1 t} + E 0 sinω 0 t) + E 2 sinω 2 t) + E 4 sinω 4 t) + E 6 sinω 0 t. As described above, according to the embodiment, any one of the addition, the phase, and the ring modulation can be selected for every two modules, and the operation result of the two modules is input to the phase input (or the phase Part) or output as a musical tone. Since the waveform generation circuit 15 operates with a total of eight modules, 3 ⁴ × 2 ³ =
648 combinations are possible. [Effects of the Invention] As described above in detail, according to the present invention, a conversion table means for converting a phase input and an output level of the conversion table means in order to specify from a user how to synthesize a tone in a sound source. A plurality of time-division waveform generating modules having an envelope generating means for controlling the phase division are divided into two continuous modules, and this module pair is used as a unit, and the relation between the modules in the unit is added, and the module is selected from a phase and an envelope. In addition to this, it is possible to select whether to give a phase relationship between successive constituent units or to output the tone independently. Therefore, the user can input the manner of synthesizing the tone to the tone generator by specifying the connection type of each part of the plurality of waveform generating modules representing the manner of synthesizing the tone. There is no possibility that a deviation occurs from the tone synthesis method actually input to the tone generator. Further, since a very rich selection method of musical tone synthesis is provided, the musical tone synthesizing ability of the sound source can be fully utilized.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a tone generator LSI, FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a waveform generation circuit, FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the correspondence between the operation code and the operation of the waveform generating circuit. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of an input device for designating the manner of music synthesis. FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the first two lines of FIG. 6, FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the correspondence between the state of each selection switch and the operation code in FIG.
5 is a diagram showing a waveform synthesis designation register set by the input device of FIG. 5, and FIG. 10 is a flowchart for generating an operation code of the waveform generation circuit from the contents of the waveform synthesis designation register shown in FIG. . 2a: Switch section, 2a-1: Cursor key, 2a-2:
... value key, 3 ... CPU, 6 ... sound source LSI, 15 ... waveform generation circuit.

Continuation of front page    (72) Inventor Takashi Akutsu               3-2-1 Sakaemachi, Hamura-cho, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo               No. Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Hamura Technology Center               Inside (72) Inventor Naofumi Tateishi               3-2-1 Sakaemachi, Hamura-cho, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo               No. Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Hamura Technology Center               Inside                    Examiner Teruhisa Chiba                (56) References JP-A-58-211789 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] It has a plurality of waveform generation modules each including a conversion table means for converting a phase input and an envelope generation means for controlling an output level of the conversion table means. A sound source (6; 15) for synthesizing a musical tone by connecting the waveform generation modules in the angular constituent units in one of a plurality of combinations and operating each waveform generation module in a time-division manner. ) And input means for inputting module mode designation information (MD01, 23, 45, 67) for independently designating the waveform generation modules within the angular constitutional unit of the sound source and the combination form of each constitutional unit. (2a) In the musical sound generating device having: Whether to add to the output of the waveform generation module, (b) to use as the phase input of the subsequent waveform generation module, (c) to use to control the output of the envelope generation means in the subsequent waveform generation module, And (e) means for selecting whether to use the output of each structural unit as at least a part of the phase input of the subsequent waveform generation module in the next structural unit or (e) to use it as a musical tone. A musical sound generator comprising: