JP2686605B2 - Mushroom cultivation container and mushroom cultivation method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivating container and a mushroom cultivating method suitable for use in bottle cultivation of mushrooms such as beech shimeji.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a mushroom cultivation container used for cultivation of mushroom bottles comprises a cultivation bottle and a cap attached to the mouth of the cultivation bottle. Conventionally, these cultivation bottle and cap are made of uncolored polypropylene. It was translucent (shading rate: about 30%) and was molded in milky white.

On the other hand, at the time of cultivating mushrooms, a mushroom medium is housed in a cultivation bottle, and the mushroom medium is inoculated with inoculum of mushrooms.
Attach the cap to the mouth of the bottle. Then, the mycelium is cultured, and if the mycelium spreads on the surface of the mushroom medium, the cap is removed and the fungus is scratched.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional mushroom cultivation container, since the light such as the room lighting entering the cultivation bottle from the cap hits the surface of the fungus bed, the fruit body primordium is formed during mycelial culture. There was a problem that was promoted.

Particularly, when a fruiting body primordium is formed during mycelial culture, the fruiting body primordium adheres to the inner surface of the cap or enters into the ventilation holes of the cap. As shown in FIG. 5, the fruiting body primordia and mycelia on the surface of the fungus bed in the mouth of the bottle are torn off. As a result, defective fruiting and unevenness of the fruiting body after scraping the bacteria occur, leading to a decrease in quality and yield of mushrooms,
Due to the variation in the harvesting period, the whole cultivation period will be extended.

Further, since a large amount of fruiting body primordia adheres to the inner surface of the cap and the ventilation hole, cleaning of the cap becomes difficult, and when the fruiting body primordium remains in the ventilation hole of the cap, it is reused. Ventilation capacity becomes insufficient.

The present invention solves the problems existing in the prior art as described above, and eliminates the adverse effect of the fruiting body primordium entering and adhering to the cap during mycelial culture, improving the quality of mushrooms, increasing the yield, and An object of the present invention is to provide a mushroom cultivation container and a mushroom cultivation method capable of shortening the cultivation period.

[0008]

Means and Embodiments for Solving the Problems A mushroom cultivation container 1 according to the present invention comprises a cultivation bottle 2 and the cultivation bottle 2.
Is characterized in that the cultivation bottle 2 is formed to have a light blocking rate of 50% or less, and the cap 3 is formed to have a light blocking rate of 98% or more. In this case, according to the preferred embodiment,
The cap 3 is made of black colored polypropylene.

Further, in the mushroom cultivation method according to the present invention, the cultivation medium is stored in the cultivation bottle 2, the mushroom medium is inoculated with mushroom inoculum, and then the cap 3 is attached to the bottle mouth 2a of the cultivation bottle 2. It is characterized in that the mycelia culture is performed.

As a result, the generation of fruiting body primordia during mycelial culture is eliminated, the adverse effect that the fruiting body primordia enter and adhere to the cap is eliminated, and the generation and alignment of fruiting bodies after scraping the fungus are improved. .

[0011]

Next, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, the structure of the mushroom cultivation container 1 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

The mushroom cultivation container 1 comprises a cultivation bottle 2 and a cap 3 which is attached to a bottle mouth 2a of the cultivation bottle 2.

Cultivation bottle 2 is 0.1 to 2 weight percent,
Optimally, it is integrally molded with polypropylene containing 0.5 to 1 weight percent of silicone (silicone oil). In this case, polypropylene is not colored.
Thereby, the whole becomes translucent milky white, and the light blocking rate is suppressed to 30% or less. It is desirable that the cultivation bottle 2 has a certain degree of light transmittance in order to promote the growth of mushrooms and increase the yield, and if the light blocking rate is suppressed to 50% or less, good results can be obtained. In addition, by containing silicone, the fine particles of silicone are more evenly dispersed in polypropylene compared to the case of molding using only polypropylene, so the frictional resistance on the bottle surface is significantly reduced, and the elasticity and heat resistance are improved. The property is improved.

The cultivation bottle 2 has a cylindrical bottle body 2b containing a mushroom medium, a bottle shoulder 2c slightly narrowed from the upper end of the bottle body 2b to the center side, and an upper portion of the bottle shoulder 2c upward. It consists of a protruding cylindrical bottle neck 2d, and the upper end of the bottle neck 2d becomes an open bottle mouth 2a. The bottle neck portion 2d has a locking portion 2e formed thickly on the outer peripheral surface of the upper end thereof.

On the other hand, 3 is a cap to be attached to the bottle mouth 2a (bottle neck 2d) of the cultivation bottle 2. The cap 3 includes an upper cap portion 3u and a lower cap portion 3d. Each of the cap portions 3u and 3d has 0.4 weight percent of the black pigment and 0.1 to 2 weight percent like the cultivation bottle 2.
Optimally, each is integrally molded from polypropylene containing 0.5 to 1 weight percent silicone. Thereby, the upper cap portion 3u and the lower cap portion 3d are
Both can obtain a light blocking rate of 99.9% or more. By ensuring that the light-shielding rate of the upper cap portion 3u and the lower cap portion 3d is 98% or more, sufficient light-shielding property that suppresses the formation of fruiting body primordia can be obtained.

Further, the lower cap portion 3d has a detachable cylindrical mounting portion 11 on the outer peripheral portion of the bottle neck portion 2d of the cultivation bottle 2, and an upper surface portion 12 is integrally formed at the upper end edge of the mounting portion 11. At the same time, the inner peripheral edge of the upper surface portion 12 integrally has a cylindrical inner connecting portion 13 that stands up. The concave notch ventilation part 1 is provided at four locations on the upper edge of the inner connecting part 13.
5 are provided at equal intervals, and a plurality of circumferentially long protrusion locking portions 16 are integrally provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner connecting portion 13.

Further, an inner cover portion 17 is integrally provided inside the inner peripheral surface of the inner connecting portion 13, and a culture medium pushing portion 18 bulging downward is provided at the center side of the inner cover portion 17. The mushroom medium in the cultivation bottle 2 is pushed by the medium pushing portion 18, so that the so-called fungus rotation is improved. Further, on the inner cover portion 17, there is provided an upright partition portion 19 which faces each of the notch ventilation portions 15 at a predetermined interval, and an inner cover which is close to and inside each partition portion 19. On the portion 17, ventilation holes 20 are provided. Due to the cutout vents 15, the partition 19, and the vents 20, the path between the notch vents 15 and the vents 20 becomes a zigzag path and becomes substantially longer, and bacteria and the like enter. It becomes difficult to do. A not-shown urethane filter having air permeability is accommodated inside the partitions 19.

On the other hand, the upper cap portion 3u is the outer cover portion 21.
The outer cover 21 has an outer edge integrally formed with a shielding portion 22 extending downward, and a lower surface of the outer cover portion 21 has a cylindrical outer connecting portion 23 having a smaller diameter than the shielding portion 22.
Are integrated. Note that the outer diameter of the shielding portion 22 is
Is formed to have substantially the same outer diameter as In addition, vent holes 24 are provided at equal intervals at four circumferential positions of the outer connecting portion 23 facing the lower surface of the outer cover portion 21.
Are provided integrally with a plurality of ridge-locked portions 25 that are long in the circumferential direction. Therefore, the outer connecting portion 23 can be fitted by being fitted to the outside of the inner connecting portion 13, and the ridge locked portions 25 and the ridge locking portions 16 are mutually locked. Such a cap 3 ventilates the inside of the cultivation bottle 2 and prevents invasion of various bacteria into the inside.

Next, a mushroom cultivation method according to this embodiment using the mushroom cultivation container 1 will be described.

The examples exemplify a method for cultivating beech shimeji. As a control, a conventional mushroom cultivation container, that is,
Cultivation was performed under the same conditions as in this example (test section) using a cap having a light-shielding rate of 30%.

First, 1600 cultivation bottles 2 ..., 2x ... (see FIGS. 4 and 5) are prepared for both the test section and the control section.
Each of the cultivation bottles 2 ..., 2x ... is filled with a mushroom medium, for example, a crushed product of corncob, a nutrient material, and a mushroom medium whose water content has been adjusted. Then, the above-mentioned light-shielding caps 3 ... Are attached to the cultivation bins 2 of the test section, and the conventional semitransparent caps are attached to the cultivation bottles 2x of the control section. Then, after sterilization and cooling, the cap is removed and inoculated with seeds of Bunashimeji, the cap is attached again and mycelium culture is performed.

The mycelium culture was carried out under general culture conditions for 75 days. At this time, in the test section, when the culture aging was completed (75
Even after a day, no fruiting body primordia formation was observed, and the fruiting body primordia formation rate was 0%. Therefore, since there is no attachment of fruiting body primordia to the inner surface of the cap 3,
As shown in FIG. 4, on the surface M of the mycelium in the bottle mouth portion 2a of the cultivation bottle 2, the concave portion Mo formed by the medium pushing portion 18 of the cap 3 remained as it was.

On the other hand, in the control group, fruit body primordia formation started on day 40 of culture, and fruit body primordia formation was considerably promoted on day 75 of culture (at the completion of aging of culture). The rate of fruit body primordium formation on day 40 of culture was 32.4.
%, The fruit body primordia formation rate on day 75 of culture was 77.
It was 5 percent. Further, when the cap was removed, a considerable amount of fruit body primordia and mycelia adhered to the inner surface of the cap, and as shown in FIG.
The fruit body primordia in the ax and the surface Mx of the hyphae were in a state of being shredded.

On the other hand, after culturing the hyphae, the bacteria were scraped, transferred to the fruiting body generating chamber for growth, and harvested at an appropriate harvest time. At this time, the number of days of fruit body growth (the number of days required after scraping the bacteria) was 21 to 22 days on average in the test section and 2 on average in the control section.
It became 1 to 24 days, and the test section had less variation in the harvest period, easier management, and the entire cultivation period was shortened. The average yield of the test plots was 21.
0.7 grams, the average of 193.6 grams in the control,
The yield is higher in the test plot. Furthermore, in the test area, the occurrence of defective fruit bodies and unevenness were eliminated, and high quality beech shimeji was obtained.

The embodiment has been described in detail above.
The present invention is not limited to such an embodiment.
For example, a black paint or the like may be applied to the surface of the cap to block light, or the cap may use a color other than black, such as gray or brown. Further, although the cultivation of beech shimeji was exemplified, it can be similarly applied to other mushrooms. In addition, the detailed configuration, shape, material, numerical value, method, and the like can be arbitrarily changed without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0027]

As described above, in the mushroom cultivating container according to the present invention, the cultivation bottle is formed with a shading rate of 50% or less and the cap is formed with a shading rate of 98% or more, and the mushroom according to the present invention is formed. Cultivation method, since the mushroom medium was housed in the cultivation bottle, and after inoculating the mushroom culture with the inoculum of mushrooms, the cap was attached to the bottle mouth of the cultivation bottle to perform mycelial culture, so that Has a remarkable effect.

It is possible to harvest high-quality mushrooms without increasing the occurrence of fruiting bodies and irregularities, and to increase the yield.

[0029] Variations in the harvest period are reduced, management is facilitated, and the entire cultivation period can be shortened.

Since the adverse effect of the fruiting body priming substance invading and adhering to the inner surface of the cap or the ventilation hole is eliminated, the cap can be easily cleaned, and the remaining fruiting substance priming member in the cap allows the ventilation ability at the time of reuse. The problem of insufficient performance is eliminated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an upper part of a mushroom cultivation container according to the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a cultivation bottle and a cap of the mushroom cultivation container,

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state inside a bottle mouth part when a mycelial culture is carried out in the mushroom cultivation container,

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state inside a bottle mouth portion when performing mycelial culture using a mushroom cultivation container according to a conventional technique;

[Explanation of symbols] 1 mushroom cultivation container 2 cultivation bottle 2a bottle mouth 3 cap

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A mushroom cultivation container comprising a cultivation bottle and a cap attached to the mouth of the cultivation bottle, wherein the cultivation bottle is formed to have a light blocking rate of 50% or less, and the cap has a light blocking rate of 98% or more. A mushroom cultivating container characterized by being formed into. 2. The mushroom cultivation container according to claim 1, wherein the cap is made of polypropylene colored in black. 3. A cultivation bottle having a shading rate of 50% or less contains a mushroom medium, and after inoculating the mushroom medium with a mushroom inoculum, the mouth of the cultivation bottle has a shading rate of 98% or more. A method for cultivating mushrooms, which comprises attaching a cap and culturing mycelium.