JP2635432B2 - Breeding equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a breeding apparatus, and particularly to an apparatus for breeding and cultivating aquatic animals such as fish and shellfish by artificial means.

[Conventional technology]

Since Japan is all surrounded by the sea, the fishing industry has been active for a long time. However, it is well known that in recent years, catches have dropped sharply and it has become difficult to secure fishing grounds due to environmental pollution, overfishing and territorial waters.

In order to solve such problems, cultivation fisheries are becoming active. Sea areas such as quiet bays where location conditions are perfect,
Some of the lakes, rivers and rivers are closed with nets, etc., and feeding and drug administration are carried out systematically to achieve efficient production. However, such cultivation fisheries have caused environmental destruction problems. That is, there is a problem in that metabolites discharged from fishes and the like, which have settled on the seabed or the like, contaminate the surrounding water area.

For this reason, a method of cultivating a breeding aquarium for breeding by setting up a breeding aquarium on land and drawing in water for use has been used in part. According to this method, it becomes possible to install a wastewater purifying device, and not only can the problem of environmental pollution be considerably solved, but also rational cultivation by various industrial techniques becomes possible.

Closed breeding, which further develops this concept, has attracted attention. This is an arrangement in which a water purification device is arranged at an altitude, the amount of breeding water exchanged is reduced as much as possible, and wastewater is not generated as much as possible.

The development of this technology will not only eliminate environmental pollution, but also enable planned production and stable supply of fresh marine products regardless of location, and economical temperature control. Therefore, the breeding fish species will be abundant and the production volume will increase.

Many water purifiers used for breeding in such closed systems follow the conventional water treatment technology as they are, and are basically based on filtration devices such as sand, with some disinfection devices added. There is something. Although there are not many cases of disinfection, disinfection with chlorinated chemicals is common in such cases, and ultraviolet rays and ozone are used or studied in some relatively new methods.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a breeding apparatus conventionally used in aquariums and the like described in, for example, “Aquaculture and Water”, Vol. II (Sciences, 1987), page 111. In the figure, 1 is a breeding aquarium in which breeding fish is present, 2 is a breeding water circulation pump for circulating the breeding water in the breeding aquarium 1, 3 is a sand filtration device for purifying the breeding water, and 4 is a blower for supplying oxygen. Reference numeral 5 denotes an air diffuser for diffusing the air sent from the blower 4 into the breeding water.

The breeding water in the breeding aquarium 1 whose water quality has been reduced due to the metabolism of the breeding fish and the residue of the bait is sent to the sand filtration device 3 by the circulation pump 2 to remove the suspended solids and adhere to the sand surface. Microorganisms remove organic matter and dissolved and polluted components such as ammoniacal nitrogen and purify them, and return to the breeding aquarium 1 again. On the other hand, the blower 4 is for supplying oxygen necessary for the survival and growth of the fish, and the air sent from the blower 4 is diffused into the breeding water via the air diffuser 5, so that the breeding water is supplied to the breeding water. Oxygen is supplied. If the components that cannot be purified during breeding accumulate and the quality of the water used deteriorates, making it unsuitable for breeding, fresh water is supplied or replaced.

As another conventional example, there is a case where the above example is disinfected with a chlorine-based chemical. In this case, the disinfection is generally performed in front of the breeding aquarium. As described above, ultraviolet rays and ozone may be used in place of the chlorine-based agent as a disinfection method.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Since the conventional circulating breeding device is configured as described above, it has a certain purification function, but it is required to grow the feed amount and grow it as densely as possible,
In practical breeding with a large amount of contamination, none could be used yet. The main reason for this is the disease transmission of reared fish.

That is, in the conventional example shown in FIG. 9, since there is no disinfecting means, if a pathogenic bacterium invades the breeding aquarium 1 for some reason, the breeding fish may infect it. Disinfection is necessary to prevent disease transmission, and chlorine-based chemicals are often used as water disinfectants. However, since it has persistence and is highly toxic to reared fish, its addition amount is limited, and a sufficient disinfection effect cannot be obtained in many cases. Ultraviolet disinfection with an ultraviolet disinfection device has no residual toxicity, but it has the problem of dirt on the lamp surface of the UV irradiation lamp, a decrease in UV transmittance due to deterioration of water quality, and a decrease in lamp life and a problem with lamp life. Practical equipment used in the field has difficulties in reliability and maintenance. Ozone has a strong disinfecting power compared to chlorine-based chemicals and has a low persistence (decomposes into oxygen molecules). Unlike chlorine-based drugs, ozone has the effect of oxidatively decomposing pollutants.
The closed system leaks properties that are favorable for purification in breeding equipment. However, if the breeding water is seawater or contains it, the toxicity of residual oxidizing products generated by the reaction of bromine ions and ozone present in seawater poses a problem, and as a result, As with chlorinated drugs, there was the problem of residual toxicity.

Comprehensively examining the above problems, some ozone disinfection and purification functions for breeding in closed systems are difficult to dispose of, and if seawater is used as breeding water, the problem of residual oxidizing products can be solved. However, it is thought that breeding in a closed system will make great progress toward realization. Residual oxidizing products can be easily removed by adding a reducing agent, but using a reducing agent is not practical in terms of stability and maintenance.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and it is possible to remove practically the residual oxidation product when using ozone while removing it (the oxidation product is not removed). On the other hand, it also acts as a disinfectant.) As a whole, it can remove pathogenic bacteria and prevent propagation, and can be bred practically without exchanging breeding water even for low-resistance subjects such as larvae and fry. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a breeding device.

In addition, when biological treatment becomes unsatisfactory, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen, which is highly toxic to fish, increases.In such a case, ammonia nitrogen is decomposed stably and the accumulation of nitrogen components is reduced. It is an object of the present invention to provide a closed breeding device using ozone which can prevent the breeding.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a breeding apparatus in which breeding water can be purified only by physicochemical treatment, not by biological treatment, by synergistically combining ozone treatment, foam separation treatment and activated carbon treatment. .

[Means for solving the problem]

The breeding apparatus according to the invention according to claim (1) comprises a breeding aquarium, an ozone treatment apparatus, an oxidizing product removing apparatus, and a breeding water circulation apparatus, and is bred water comprising seawater or a mixture of seawater and freshwater. However, while circulating between them, the ozone treatment device is installed upstream of the oxidizing product removal device (the breeding aquarium is located at the uppermost stream) in the flow direction of the breeding water.

The breeding apparatus according to the invention according to claim (2) is composed of a breeding aquarium, an ozone treatment apparatus, an oxidizing product removing apparatus, and a breeding water circulation apparatus, and the breeding water is composed of seawater or a mixture of seawater and freshwater. The circulating water (breeding water) which circulates between them, is provided with an ozonation device upstream of the oxidizing product removal device in the flow direction of the breeding water, and is ozone-treated by the ozonation device. The concentration of ozone injected into the circulating water is controlled so as to be at least five times the concentration of ammonia nitrogen contained in the circulating water.

Further, the breeding apparatus according to claim (3) divides the circulating water flowing out of the breeding aquarium into two parts, one of which passes through the ozone treatment apparatus and the other bypasses the ozone treatment apparatus, and then the ozone-treated circulating water. And the amount of the divided circulating water M flowing into the oxidizing product removing device after flowing into the ozone treatment device is determined by the ammonia nitrogen concentration × M
≤ ozone consumption ÷ 5.

The breeding apparatus according to the invention described in claim (4) is composed of a breeding aquarium, an ozone treatment apparatus, an oxidative product removal apparatus, and a breeding water circulation apparatus, and is composed of seawater or a mixture of seawater and freshwater. The breeding water circulates in series between these, and an ozonation device is installed upstream of the oxidizing product removal device in the flow direction of the breeding water, and also serves as an ozone treatment bubble column in the circulation path. The foam separation device is provided integrally with the ozone treatment device.

The breeding apparatus according to the invention of claim (5) is composed of a breeding aquarium, an ozone treatment apparatus, an oxidizing product removing apparatus, and a breeding water circulation apparatus, and is made of seawater or a mixture of seawater and freshwater. The breeding water circulates in series between these, and an ozonation device is installed upstream of the oxidizing product removal device in the flow direction of the breeding water, and also serves as an ozone treatment bubble column in the circulation path. The ozone treatment apparatus is provided integrally with the foam separation apparatus, and the water to be treated by the foam separation apparatus can be introduced from a plurality of locations in the circulation path.

(Operation)

The invention described in claim (1) utilizes the new facts obtained from the detailed examination on the ozonation of seawater, the detailed examination on the ozone treatment, and the detailed examination on the treatment for removing the oxidative products of the ozonized seawater, and Through detailed breeding experiments of fry in closed systems, we have found the practical effectiveness of the combination of ozonation and oxidative product removal for closed system breeding, and have eliminated the disadvantages of ozonation. In other words, bromine ions contained in seawater (about 60
mg /) is described in the literature ozone: Science and Engineering (Ozone: Science and Engineering) Vol. 6 (1984) PP. 103-114, reacting with ozone to form hypobromite ions and bromine. It was previously thought to produce acid ions. These ions also act as disinfectants, but because they are toxic and persistent to fish, use ozone for disinfection and purification of breeding water that uses seawater or water containing it. Is not possible as described above.

However, the present inventors have indirectly found that the oxidizing product generated by the ozonation of seawater is different from the oxidizing product that has been conventionally considered. That is, the oxidizing products of the seawater by the ozone treatment were easily removed by contact with the activated carbon,
This is because the ability of activated carbon to remove reagents containing hypobromite ion and bromate ion was remarkably low. For example, when the space velocity and the SV are 50 ^-1 and the ozone-treated water of seawater is compared with the removal rate of the oxidizing product when the oxidizing product removing treatment is performed on the aqueous solution of the reagent bromine water and potassium bromate, 100, 4 and 8%, respectively. This is not only a new finding that goes against conventional wisdom, but also has very important implications in the following respects. In other words, it indicates that the oxidizing products obtained by ozonation of seawater are extremely active, and that if an appropriate amount of ozone is injected and the reaction time is secured, more effective action can be obtained by disinfection and purification of pollutants. Suggests. in addition,
The fact that it is easily removed by contact with activated carbon means that the oxidative product removal device required for that purpose can be of small capacity. More importantly, the removal of oxidizing products by activated carbon has been found to be a chemical reaction that returns to the original bromide ion, rather than just adsorption. This suggests that activated carbon is acting as a catalyst, not just an adsorbent.Effective maintenance life of activated carbon is prolonged, and there is no consumption of bromine ions, enabling easy and stable removal. It is shown that.

Applying these new facts, the breeding water is first purified and disinfected by ozone treatment, then a small amount of activated carbon is used to remove residual oxidizing products, and then returned to the breeding aquarium. Problem is easily eliminated. Furthermore, even if the disinfectant is removed by this method, the disease infection of closed breeding fish can be prevented, and the quality of the water suitable for breeding can be easily and stably maintained without replacing the water.

Further, in the purification flow in which the oxidizing product removal treatment is performed after the ozone treatment, it has been found that if the ozone treatment satisfies predetermined conditions, ammonia is easily decomposed into nitrogen molecules. The invention and the invention described in claim (3) have been achieved. That is, as described above, when ozone treatment is applied to seawater, ozone is relatively quickly decomposed, but a stable oxidizing product remains after that. This was thought to be because bromine ions contained in seawater (about 60 mg / in natural seawater) reacted with ozone to produce hypobromite ions and bromate ions. Have been clarified by the present inventors as described above. As a result of various studies, it was found that when seawater containing amonia was treated with ozone and then treated with oxidative products, ammonia was apparently converted to nitrogen molecules. The mechanism can be schematically represented as follows.

Ozone + Br ^- → oxidizing products oxidizing products + ammonia + activated carbon → nitrogen molecules + Br ^- i.e., since on the apparent ozone + ammonia + activated carbon → nitrogen molecules bromide is not involved, the consumer will not. If the amount of oxidizing products is small compared to the amount of ammonia present, the above process will regenerate ammonia, so the amount of ozone injected will be an important factor.

In the present invention, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen contained in the circulating water is measured, and the amount of ozone injected into the circulating water is adjusted so that the ozone concentration is at least five times the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen contained in the circulating water. And ammonia is easily decomposed into nitrogen molecules.

Further, the inventions described in claims (4) and (5) have been made based on the following concept. That is, as a result of examining the purification of breeding water in the closed-circulation system breeding apparatus, the following concept was reached.

In other words, the requirements of the breeding water are that no pathogenic microorganisms are present, that toxic substances for fish are below the allowable concentration, and that the overall water quality index represented by BOD, COD, etc. Or below. If any of these are missing, satisfactory breeding is not possible, but they are complementary to each other. For example, if they are sufficiently satisfied, it is acceptable if they are somewhat worse. On the other hand, the condition must be severe if the condition is not sufficiently satisfied.

The above-mentioned problem in closed breeding equipment is ammonia released by the breeding object by itself. Ammonia is highly toxic to fish, and according to experiments conducted by the present inventors, it is as low as 1.0 mg / approximately for young larvae 2 to 3 months after hatching, and 0.5 mg / approximately or less for smaller larvae. It has been found that even at a concentration, a person becomes hypersensitive to a stimulus and the appetite becomes extremely attenuated. In a normal purification device, removal of ammonia and removal of BOD and the like are performed by biological treatment.However, since these are performed by anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms, in a breeding device where the water to be purified is in an aerobic state. It can be inferred that it is difficult to maintain the balance from the above viewpoint.

The present inventor realizes, and in another process,
In addition, it was considered reasonable to carry out only physicochemical treatment, and in order to realize this, ozone treatment, ozone treatment and foam separation, ozone treatment and oxidative product removal treatment were organically combined. The operation will be described below.

For breeding water contaminated to some extent with organic matter, the amount of ozone injected into the purified circulating water is relatively large,
Increasing the integrated ozone injection amount for all breeding water increases the effervescence of the breeding water. By foaming this by aeration, etc., and taking out the obtained stable foam outside the system,
Pollutant organic components are efficiently removed. As the amount of injected ozone increases, the concentration of residual ozone and oxidizing products increases with it, and if they are returned to the breeding aquarium, their toxicity becomes a problem, but these can be easily removed by the oxidizing product removal treatment. . In other words, when bromine ions are present in service water, an oxidizing product is generated by the reaction of the bromine ions with ozone, and if the concentration is at least a predetermined amount with respect to the coexisting ammonia concentration, the ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrogen molecules. You. Generally, in order to always create such a situation, an excess of oxidizing products often comes out, but this is also easily removed by the oxidizing product removing treatment as described above. It goes without saying that ozone also acts as a disinfectant.

When the foaming property differs at the inlet or outlet of each device of the purification circulation system, an independent foam separation device is provided, and foam separation is performed at an optimum position and aeration amount, whereby a higher organic substance removing effect can be obtained.

In the present invention, ozone plays a central role, but when the required amount becomes excessive, setting of a filtration device having a biological treatment function is effective.

As described above, ozone plays three roles of removing organic substances, denitrifying, and disinfecting by promoting the foam separation effect, and its adverse effects are easily and effectively removed by activated carbon treatment.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, a breeding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a breeding apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a breeding aquarium, 2 is a circulation pump (breeding water circulation device), 3 is a filtration device, 4 is a blower, and 5 is an aeration device. 6 is an ozone reactor, 7 is an ozone generator, and the ozone reactor 6
The ozone generator is constituted by the ozone generator 7. Reference numeral 8 denotes an activated carbon device, and 9 denotes a pH adjusting device. The filtration device 3 has a function of removing solid matter and a function of removing ammonia nitrogen by biological treatment. Usually, sand filtration is inexpensive and practical.

Next, the operation will be described. The breeding water contaminated by the metabolism and excretion of fish in the breeding aquarium 1 is transferred to a filtration device 3 by a circulation pump 2, where floating solids are removed and organic matter, ammoniacal nitrogen and the like are dissolved by biological treatment. Sexual pollutants are removed. This treated water then enters the ozone reactor 6 where it comes into contact with the ozone-containing gas supplied from the ozone generator 7 to be disinfected and at the same time some of the pollutants are oxidized. If the water is seawater,
As described above, oxidizing products are generated during the ozone treatment. The supply amount of ozone is determined in consideration of the pollution load due to the breeding density, the breeding stage, the feed amount, and the like, and the degree of biological treatment. This treated water is supplied to the ozone reactor 6
Disinfection and purification are advanced while flowing through the pipes and pipes with an appropriate residence time, and then enter the oxidized carbon device 8. There, most of the remaining oxidizing products are removed very reliably and stably, and some of the turbid components are removed. Therefore, even if the amount of injected ozone is excessive, there is no danger of leakage of ozone and oxidizing products to hinder rearing. Also, the oxidizing products are returned to bromine ions. The amount of activated carbon used here may be less than the amount used in normal water treatment. The activated carbon treated water from which the disinfectant has been removed is finally adjusted to a predetermined pH by the pH adjusting device 9, and then repeatedly returned to the breeding aquarium 1 and circulated.

The above-mentioned injection of ozone into the circulating water is usually performed continuously during the circulation, but may be intermittent depending on the situation of the pollution load related to the growth stage of the fish and the amount of feed.
As the filtration device 3, a filtration method using a filter medium such as sand or anthracite is suitable, but other combinations of filtration and biological treatment may be used. Furthermore, the breeding aquarium 1 is provided with a cover to prevent the incorporation of falling bacteria, keeps light conditions (illuminance) for suppressing algae growth, and reduces the inside of the breeding aquarium 1 in a portion where organisms adhere. It is desirable to have a structure. By doing so, the effect of the present invention is further emphasized.

Next, the results of experiments and rearing will be described. Breeding experiments were carried out on the breeding apparatus according to the present invention, in which only ozone treatment was removed therefrom, and in which only activated carbon was removed, using as a sample the larvae, Japanese radish and Japanese radish immediately after hatching.

In the system without activated charcoal, oxidizable products measurable by iodometry were detected in the breeding water several hours later, and the larvae were completely annihilated. From this, it was found that breeding was impossible even in an extremely low level of accumulation of oxidizing products in a closed circulation system.

The results of comparison with the breeding apparatus according to this example and the breeding apparatus excluding only the ozone treatment were as follows. The typical experimental conditions are as follows: larvae immediately after hatching are fed into a 300-liter breeding aquarium 1, the activated carbon volume is 10 liters, the circulating water volume is 6 liters / minute, and exchange with fresh seawater is performed at all during the experiment. Did not. Ozone treatment conditions in the breeding apparatus according to the present invention are about one day per cubic meter of breeding water per day.
10 grams of ozone were continuously charged, and the residence time of the ozone reaction was set to 2 minutes. These conditions are not necessarily optimal.

Oxidizing products generated by ozone were completely removed by a smaller amount of activated carbon than used in normal water treatment.
Moreover, despite the small amount of activated carbon, the removal ability was maintained for a long time. Since the bromine ion concentration in the circulating water hardly changed to the initial value of about 60 mg /, the mechanism for removing oxidizing products by activated carbon is not adsorption but reduction to bromine ions, and activated carbon has a catalytic action. It indicates that you are doing. This ensures that a sufficiently effective and stable removal is maintained for a long time even with a small amount of activated carbon. After 75 days, he had grown to 11 centimeters. During this period, the breeding situation was good and the appetite was always strong. During the breeding period, there were no fish infected with typical pathogens and diseases. In contrast, in the system without ozone treatment, infection with Vibrion parahaemolyticus was observed 35 days later. The production per breeding aquarium volume from 75 days of breeding is 2700 for the system according to the invention.
Tails / m ³ , giving a satisfactory yield. The production in the system without ozone treatment was 1100 fish / m ³ , less than half.

The quality of the water in the breeding aquarium 1 during the breeding period was well maintained. Water quality items where the effect of ozone was particularly noticeable
The chromaticity, SS, and the density of bacteria in the sediment in the breeding aquarium 1 and the irrigation water, and the irrigation water in the aquarium had a large difference in transparency as compared with the ozone-free system. In addition, biofouling and algae generation in the aquarium were almost completely suppressed. There was no significant difference in the index of organic matter concentration such as COD and TOC. It is noteworthy that, even after ozonation followed by activated carbon treatment to remove residual oxidizing products, the entire circulatory system was purified as described above and there was no disease transmission. This is because, with only the above-mentioned consideration given to the breeding aquarium, even if the concentration of the residual disinfectant in the aquarium is below the detection limit and is low enough not to hinder breeding, the general bacterial count is low. Yes, and as a result, the occurrence of the disease was prevented.

Although filtration and pH adjustment are indispensable in a practical apparatus, these are not essential conditions for exhibiting the effects of the present invention. In addition, when the pollution load is small, a simple filter is sufficient for the filtration device, and no pH adjustment is required.

By the way, when breeding is actually performed, the production process may be out of order, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen may be high. Ammoniacal nitrogen is highly toxic to fish. At slightly elevated concentrations, fish become hypersensitive to stimuli, and their appetite is severely reduced. Strict control of biological treatment can avoid such adverse effects, but it is important that the target, such as breeding, is such that the pollution load changes drastically and the malfunction of the equipment causes irreversible fatal damage. If so, it is practically a problem.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a breeding apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention which can solve such a problem. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 11 denotes an ammonia concentration sensor, and reference numeral 12 denotes a control device for controlling the ozone concentration to a predetermined value or more based on the ammonia concentration. The ammonia concentration sensor 11 and the control device 12 constitute control means.

 Next, the operation will be described.

The breeding water contaminated by fish metabolism, excretion, etc. in the breeding aquarium 1 is transferred to a filtration device 3 by a circulation pump 2, where floating solids are removed, and soluble organic matter is removed by microorganisms attached to the filtration carrier. Is purified. Filtration device 3
If the anaerobic region is formed in the filtration tank according to the operation conditions described above, ammonia can also be removed there. However, in this embodiment, the filtration device 3 is not required to have an ammonia removal function. However, if this function is added, it becomes possible to reduce the ozone consumption in the ozone treatment described later. The filtered water then enters the ozone reactor 6. Therefore, it reacts with a predetermined amount of ozone, and in addition to the objective denitrification of ammonia,
Disinfection and removal of organic matter are performed. At this time, if the amount of the oxidizing product generated in the ozone reactor 6 is smaller than the amount of the existing ammonia, the ammonia is regenerated, so the amount generated from the ozone generator 7 is important. Element. 3 and 4 are characteristic diagrams showing the amount of ozone injected into separate seawater and the concentration of residual ammonia nitrogen, respectively. From both figures, at least 5 times the ammonia nitrogen concentration before ozone treatment, preferably 10 times or more. It can be seen that ammonia injection can be suppressed by injecting ozone in such an amount that the ozone concentration becomes twice or more. In practice, the control device 12 controls the amount of ozone generated from the ozone generator 7 to be at least 5 times (effective value) the amount of ammonia nitrogen based on the amount of circulating water and the ammonia concentration obtained by the ammonia concentration sensor 11. The calculation is further performed, and the command is transmitted to the ozone generator 7 and set by a control device attached thereto. In practical use, such control is not always necessary for the reasons described later. Ozone-treated water contains products containing oxidizing products, and if it is returned to the breeding aquarium 1 as it is, the toxicity thereof will cause damage to breeding fish and the like. But,
In this case, the ozonated water is introduced into the post-activated carbon device 8 after an appropriate residence time, where toxic oxidizing products and the like are removed, and also some organic substances are removed. As the oxidizing products are removed with activated carbon, bromine ions are regenerated. Therefore, it is not necessary to supply bromine ions even in the circulation system. It should be noted that if the ozone injection amount is insufficient as described above, ammonia is regenerated in this process, and the denitrification effect is lost. The activated carbon-treated water is finally adjusted to a predetermined pH by the pH adjuster 9, and then returned to the breeding aquarium 1 for repeated circulation.

In actual breeding, ammonia levels must be kept at low levels except in special cases. On the other hand, various substances that react with ozone coexist in the breeding water, and it is also important to remove these substances with ozone.
Therefore, in most cases, more ozone is actually injected than is necessary for denitrification. For this reason, the upper control is not always necessary during steady operation. However, if the feed amount is increased or biological treatment is involved, the concentration of ammonia may increase rapidly when it becomes unsatisfactory. If there is control, stable production can be secured.

Next, the results of experiments and rearing will be described. The denitrification according to the invention was very fast. In other words, when ozone injection was intentionally stopped in the larva larva rearing experiment, the ammonia concentration of the water column for breeding began to increase in a few hours, and after 10 hours, a striped pattern appeared on the body of the larva. He became irritable and stopped eating food. Then, when the injection of ozone was restarted, the ammonia concentration was remarkably reduced several hours later, and the above-mentioned symptoms disappeared.

In the above embodiment, the filtering device 3 has the effect of reducing the required amount of ozone with respect to the present invention, and is essentially not required for denitrification of ammonia.
In addition, the pH adjusting device 9 is necessary because it is often indispensable for breeding in a closed system in general, but it is essentially unrelated to the denitrification of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a breeding apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a branch valve (branch means) for branching the circulating water flowing out of the filtration device 3. Reference numeral 12a denotes a control device (control means) for controlling the branch amount. The overall operation is similar to that shown in FIG.
The treated water from the filtration device 3 is introduced into the branch knitting 10, where it is branched into a portion that enters the ozone reactor 6 and a portion that bypasses the ozone reactor 6 and is introduced into the outlet pipe of the ozone reactor 6. The former reacts with a predetermined amount of ozone in the ozone reactor 6, and performs denitrification of the target ammonia, as well as disinfection and removal of organic substances. Oxidized products are present in the ozonated water by reaction with bromine ions in seawater. This ozonated water is mixed with the filtered water that has not been subjected to the ozone treatment, and is introduced into the activated carbon device 8 after an appropriate residence time. During the residence time during this period, the entire amount of the circulating service water is disinfected by the action of the oxidizing products remaining in the ozonized water. When the residence time by the pipe is short, a residence tank may be provided. The branching ratio of the branch is determined by the ozone reactor 6
Is set in consideration of the amount of ozone consumed in the above and the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the inflowing circulating water. That is, the branch valve 10 is controlled such that the amount M of the circulating water flowing into the ozone treatment device after the division satisfies the relationship of ammonia nitrogen concentration × M ≦ ozone consumption amount ÷ 5. For example, when the amount of ozone exceeding the capacity of the ozone generator 7 is required, the amount of branch introduced into the ozone reactor 6 is reduced so as to satisfy the above conditions, and measures such as temporarily limiting the amount of feed are taken. These settings are performed by the ammonia concentration sensor 11 and the control device 12a. The following operation is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG.

In addition, in the breeding apparatus according to the first embodiment, when the proper operation is performed, the breeding apparatus has a certain purification performance, but sometimes the biological treatment becomes unsatisfactory,
Water quality may deteriorate rapidly and breeding may be difficult. In addition, if the pollutant load increases rapidly due to an increase in the amount of feed, the biological processing function may not be able to follow, and as a result, stable breeding with high productivity may not be possible. This is the fate of equipment involving biological treatment.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a breeding apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG.
17 is a branch control device. The operation is basically the same as that of the above embodiment, except that the ozone treatment device and the foam separation device 16 are separated. Although the description of the operation is the same as that already described, the branching control device 17 allows the breeding aquarium,
The processing order of foam separation, ozone treatment, and activated carbon treatment can be arbitrarily changed. Foam separator 16
As a practical example, a bubble column is practical, and the amount of air is adjusted to control the amount of foaming. By doing so, foam separation can be performed by the purifying device in which foam formation is easy to be formed, and the air supply amount for foam formation can be appropriately set, so that the effect of foam separation can be further exhibited.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, although the purification by filtration and biological treatment is not explicitly included, the ozone consumption can be reduced by including it. In the unlikely event that biological treatment goes wrong, ozone treatment and foam separation can be guaranteed.

In each of the above embodiments, the foam receiving tank 14 is provided at only one location. However, the water to be treated by the foam separator may be taken from a plurality of locations in the circulation path. Further, when the foaming property differs at the inlet or the outlet of each device of the purification circulation system, a foam separating device is provided independently and the foam is separated at the optimum position and the aeration amount, whereby a higher organic substance removing effect can be obtained.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the invention described in claim (1), the space between the breeding aquarium, the ozone treatment device, the oxidizing product removal device, and the breeding water circulation device is supplied from seawater or a mixture of seawater and fresh water. Breeding water is circulated, and the breeding device is configured so that the ozonation device is installed upstream of the oxidizing product removal device with respect to the flow direction of the breeding water. By utilizing ozone, which has excellent properties for disinfection and purification of breeding water, to prevent the occurrence of illness and maintain troublesome life without replacing the water, even in breeding using seawater or water containing it as water There is an effect that high productivity can be realized without management and a practical breeding device can be provided.

Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim (2), the amount of ozone injected into the breeding water by the ozone treatment device is adjusted so that the ozone concentration is at least five times the ammonia nitrogen concentration contained in the breeding water. As a result, it is possible to easily maintain the concentration of ammonia in breeding water at a low level without having to rely on biological treatment equipment, without having to rely on biological treatment equipment. It has the effect of stably breeding.

According to the invention of claim (3), the breeding water flowing out of the breeding aquarium is divided into two parts, one of which passes through the ozone treatment device, and the other bypasses the ozone treatment device, and is then ozone treated. It is configured to mix with the breeding water and flow into the oxidizing product removal device, and the amount M of the breeding water flowing into the ozonation device after the division is ammonia nitrogen concentration × M ≦ ozone consumption 消費 5. Since such control is performed, similarly to the invention described in claim (2), there is an effect that the concentration of amonia in the breeding water can be easily maintained at a low concentration without troublesome management.

According to the invention described in claim (4), since the foam separation device is installed in the circulation path, the amount of injected ozone can be set freely, and the foaming property of breeding water can be increased.
Foam separation has the effect of enabling stable and highly productive breeding without the need for replacement with fresh water without biological treatment.

According to the invention described in claim (5), since the water to be treated to be treated by the foam separation device can be taken from a plurality of locations in the circulation path, the effect of removing organic substances is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a breeding apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a breeding apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are different from each other. FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the amount of ozone injected into seawater and the concentration of residual ammoniacal nitrogen, FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a breeding apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a breeding device according to an embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a conventional breeding device. 1 is a breeding aquarium, 2 is a circulation pump, 3 is a filtration device, 4 is a blower, 5 is a diffuser, 6 is an ozone reactor, 7 is an ozone generator, 8 is an activated carbon device, 9 is a pH adjuster, 10 is Branch valve, 11 is an ammonia concentration sensor, 12, 12a is a control device,
13 is a waste ozone treatment device, 14 is a foam receiving tank, and 16 is a foam separation device. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Toshihiko Sasaki 1-1-2, Wadazakicho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Pref. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Control Company (72) Inventor Shigeki Nakayama 8 Tsukaguchi-Honmachi, Amagasaki-shi, Hyogo Chome 1-1, Central Research Laboratory of Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A breeding aquarium having breeding water composed of seawater or a mixture of seawater and freshwater, wherein a breeding target is bred therein, an ozone treatment device for ozonating the breeding water,
By treating the oxidizing product with activated carbon, the activating water activated carbon acts as a catalyst, and the oxidizing product and ammonia are converted into nitrogen molecules and bromine ions. While breeding the breeding water from the breeding aquarium, supplying the outflowing breeding water to the oxidizing product removal device via the ozone treatment device,
A breeding apparatus comprising: a breeding water circulation device that returns the breeding water flowing out of the oxidation product removing apparatus to the breeding aquarium. 2. A breeding aquarium having breeding water composed of seawater or a mixture of seawater and freshwater, wherein a breeding target is bred therein, an ozone treatment device for ozonating the breeding water,
The oxidizing product is treated with activated carbon, whereby the activated carbon of the breeding water acts as a catalyst to convert the oxidizing product and ammonia into nitrogen molecules and bromine ions. The breeding water is allowed to flow out of the water tank, and the breeding water that has flowed out is supplied to the oxidizing product removing device via the ozone treatment device, and the breeding water flowing out of the oxidizing product removing device is supplied to the breeding aquarium. A breeding water circulating device to be returned, and an ozone concentration of the breeding water to be ozone-treated by the ozonation device is at least 5 times an ammonia nitrogen concentration in the breeding water flowing into the ozonation device. Inject ozone and give a command to the ozone treatment apparatus to exchange the oxidizing product and the ammonia for nitrogen molecules and bromine ions. Breeding apparatus provided with a control device. 3. A breeding aquarium which has breeding water consisting of seawater or a mixture of seawater and freshwater and in which a breeding object is bred therein, an ozone treatment device for ozonating the breeding water,
By treating the oxidizing product with activated carbon, the activating water activated carbon acts as a catalyst, and the oxidizing product and ammonia are converted into nitrogen molecules and bromine ions. While breeding the breeding water from the breeding aquarium, supplying the outflowing breeding water to the oxidizing product removal device via the ozone treatment device,
A breeding water circulation device that returns the breeding water flowing out of the oxidizing product removal device to the breeding aquarium, and the breeding water flowing from the breeding aquarium to the ozone treatment device is divided into two, and one of the divided breeding waters is divided into two. Is supplied to the ozone treatment apparatus, and the other breeding water is joined to the breeding water flowing out of the ozone treatment apparatus, and a branching means is provided. A breeding apparatus comprising: control means for setting a value obtained by multiplying the nitrogen concentration to one fifth or less of the ozone consumption in the ozone treatment apparatus. 4. A breeding aquarium having breeding water composed of seawater or a mixture of seawater and freshwater, wherein a breeding target is bred therein, an ozone treatment device for ozonating the breeding water,
The oxidizing product is treated with activated carbon, whereby the activated carbon of the breeding water acts as a catalyst to convert the oxidizing product and ammonia into nitrogen molecules and bromine ions. The breeding water is allowed to flow out of the water tank, and the breeding water that has flowed out is supplied to the oxidizing product removing device via the ozone treatment device, and the breeding water flowing out of the oxidizing molded product removing device is supplied to the breeding water tank. A breeding apparatus comprising: a breeding water circulation device to be returned; and a foam separation device that also serves as an ozone treatment device bubble tower provided integrally with the ozone treatment device and that discharges foam generated from the breeding water to the outside. 5. A breeding aquarium having breeding water composed of seawater or a mixture of seawater and freshwater, in which a breeding object is bred therein, an ozone treatment device for ozonating the breeding water,
By treating the oxidizing product with activated carbon, the activating water activated carbon acts as a catalyst, and the oxidizing product and ammonia are converted into nitrogen molecules and bromine ions. While breeding the breeding water from the breeding aquarium, supplying the outflowing breeding water to the oxidizing product removal device via the ozone treatment device,
The breeding water circulation device for returning the breeding water flowing out of the oxidizing product removal device to the breeding aquarium, and the ozone treatment device provided integrally with the ozone treatment device, also function as a bubble column, and are generated from the breeding water. A breeding apparatus, comprising: a foam separation device that discharges foam to the outside; and water to be treated by the foam separation device can be taken from a plurality of locations in a circulation path.