JP2632232B2 - Thermocouple with thermowell - Google Patents
Thermocouple with thermowellInfo
- Publication number
- JP2632232B2 JP2632232B2 JP2144384A JP14438490A JP2632232B2 JP 2632232 B2 JP2632232 B2 JP 2632232B2 JP 2144384 A JP2144384 A JP 2144384A JP 14438490 A JP14438490 A JP 14438490A JP 2632232 B2 JP2632232 B2 JP 2632232B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- thermocouple
- sheath tube
- weight
- sheath
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 イ．発明の目的 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、高温でかつ溶融物が存在する酸化雰囲気炉
内の温度を測定するに適した熱電対に関するものであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a thermocouple suitable for measuring a temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere furnace at a high temperature and in which a melt exists.
［従来の技術］ 汚泥、産業廃棄物等を焼却、溶融する酸化雰囲気炉内
の温度を測定する手段としては、 （１）間接的方法（放射温度計、光高温計） （２）直接的方法（熱電対） がある。[Prior art] Means for measuring the temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere furnace that incinerates and melts sludge and industrial waste are as follows: (1) Indirect method (radiation thermometer, optical pyrometer) (2) Direct method (Thermocouple).
しかし、（１）の間接的方法では、炉内の雰囲気（ダ
スト、バーナーの炎等）の影響、ガラス窓の汚れなどに
より測定値がぶれたりして測定誤差が大きい欠点を有し
ていた。However, the indirect method (1) has a drawback in that the measurement value fluctuates due to the influence of the atmosphere in the furnace (dust, burner flame, etc.), contamination of the glass window, and the like, resulting in a large measurement error.
また、（２）の直接的方法においては、炉内に侵食性
の大きな溶融物質が存在すると一般の熱電対（白金ロジ
ウム−白金の金属線をアルミナ等の絶縁物で被覆したも
の）では、50時間程度の使用で熱電対が熔断され、寿命
が短かった。Further, in the direct method (2), if a highly corrosive molten substance is present in the furnace, a general thermocouple (a metal wire of platinum-rhodium-platinum covered with an insulator such as alumina) may cause a problem. The thermocouple was melted by use for about an hour, and its life was short.
これに対し、 （ａ）耐侵食性、耐熱性を有する金属筒で熱電対を被覆
し保護する、 （ｂ）耐熱性セラミックス（キャスタブル）製筒で熱電
対を被覆し保護する、 （ｃ）（ａ），（ｂ）両者の組合せで保護する、 方法が考えられる。On the other hand, (a) cover and protect the thermocouple with a metal tube having erosion and heat resistance; (b) cover and protect the thermocouple with a heat-resistant ceramic (castable) tube; (c) ( a) and (b) protection by a combination of both.
しかしながら、金属筒で被覆し保護する（ａ）の方
法、または耐熱性セラミックス製筒で被覆し保護する
（ｂ）の方法では、ある程度寿命は延びるが未だ不充分
で有る。また金属筒と耐熱性セラミックス製筒を併用す
る（ｃ）の方法でも、満足できる寿命を有するものを得
るのは困難であった。However, the method of (a) of covering and protecting with a metal tube or the method of (b) of covering and protecting with a heat-resistant ceramic tube extends the life to some extent but is still insufficient. Even with the method (c) using both a metal cylinder and a heat-resistant ceramic cylinder, it has been difficult to obtain a material having a satisfactory life.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ 本発明は高温でかつ溶融物が存在する酸化雰囲気炉内
で１年間（8000時間）以上の連続使用に耐える熱電対を
提供することを目的とする。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a thermocouple that can withstand continuous use for one year (8000 hours) or more in an oxidizing atmosphere furnace having a high temperature and a melt.
ロ．発明の構成 ［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明に係る保護管付熱電対は、汚泥、産業廃棄物を
焼却、溶融する酸化雰囲気炉内の温度を測定する熱電対
であって、熱電対本体の測温部外周を白金、イリジウム
及びロジウムの中から選ばれる少なくとも１つの金属か
らなる第１の鞘管で被覆し、さらにその第１の鞘管の外
周を、主成分が酸化クロムと酸化アルミニウムと酸化ジ
ルコニウムからなり且つ酸化クロムを50重量％以上含有
する耐熱性セラミックス焼結体からなる第２の鞘管で被
覆した構造を有する。B. Means for Solving the Problems A thermocouple with a protective tube according to the present invention is a thermocouple for measuring the temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere furnace for incinerating and melting sludge and industrial waste, and is a thermocouple. The outer periphery of the temperature measuring portion of the main body is covered with a first sheath tube made of at least one metal selected from platinum, iridium and rhodium, and the outer periphery of the first sheath tube is further made of chromium oxide and oxide It has a structure covered with a second sheath tube made of a heat-resistant ceramic sintered body made of aluminum and zirconium oxide and containing 50% by weight or more of chromium oxide.
本発明を添付図面により説明すると、第１図は本発明
の熱電対を炉内に挿入した使用状態を示す断面図で、熱
電対本体１の測温部外周を白金、イリジウム及びロジウ
ムの中から選ばれる少なくとも１つの金属からなる第１
の鞘管２で被覆し、さらにその第１の鞘管の外周を、主
成分が酸化クロムと酸化アルミニウムと酸化ジルコニウ
ムからなり且つ酸化クロムを50重量％以上含有する耐熱
性セラミックス焼結体からなる第２の鞘管３で被覆した
構造を示している。記号４は炉壁で、本発明の熱電対は
その先端を僅かに炉内５に突き出した状態で使用する。The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a use state in which a thermocouple of the present invention is inserted into a furnace. A first of at least one metal selected
And the outer periphery of the first sheath tube is made of a heat-resistant ceramic sintered body mainly composed of chromium oxide, aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide and containing chromium oxide in an amount of 50% by weight or more. The structure covered with the second sheath tube 3 is shown. Reference numeral 4 denotes a furnace wall, and the thermocouple of the present invention is used with its tip slightly protruding into the furnace 5.
各鞘管の長さは炉内の温度及び雰囲気が直接熱電対本
体１に影響を及ぼさない程度にする。The length of each sheath tube is set so that the temperature and atmosphere in the furnace do not directly affect the thermocouple body 1.
第１の鞘管は、Pt、Ir又はRhの各単体或はそれらの合
金を成形加工（例えばプレ、押出し、鋳造、溶接、粉末
冶金等）することにより製造できる。The first sheath tube can be manufactured by forming (for example, pre-forming, extruding, casting, welding, powder metallurgy, etc.) each of Pt, Ir or Rh alone or an alloy thereof.
第２の鞘管は、Cr2O3を50重量％含有するものを例に
取ると、例えばCr2O3:50重量％、Al2O3:30重量％、Zr
O2:15重量％及び鉱化剤（TiO2、SiO2、CaO及びMgO）５
重量％からなる原料粉（粒径5mm以下）1.6kgに水を160m
lを加え、有機バインダーとしてアクリル系界面活性剤1
0gを添加して混練し、混練物を型に流し込み、１昼夜養
生し固化させて気孔率20〜30％の成形体を調製した後16
00℃で焼成することにより、気孔率15〜20％の焼結体が
得らる。The second sheath tube, taking the Cr 2 O 3 as an example those containing 50 wt%, for example Cr 2 O 3: 50 wt%, Al 2 O 3: 30 wt%, Zr
O 2 : 15% by weight and mineralizer (TiO 2 , SiO 2 , CaO and MgO) 5
160m water to 1.6kg of raw material powder (particle size 5mm or less) consisting of wt%
l and add an acrylic surfactant 1 as an organic binder
0 g is added and kneaded, and the kneaded material is poured into a mold, cured for one day and solidified to prepare a molded body having a porosity of 20 to 30%, and then molded.
By firing at 00 ° C., a sintered body having a porosity of 15 to 20% is obtained.
Cr2O3含有量50〜70重量％では成形体の気孔率が20〜3
0％、焼結体の気孔率が10〜20％のものが得られる。When the Cr 2 O 3 content is 50 to 70% by weight, the porosity of the molded product is 20 to 3
0% and a sintered body having a porosity of 10 to 20% are obtained.
Cr2O3含有量80〜95重量％では成形体の気孔率が20〜3
0％、焼結体の気孔率が20〜30％のものが得られる。When the Cr 2 O 3 content is 80 to 95% by weight, the porosity of the molded product is 20 to 3
0% and a sintered body having a porosity of 20 to 30% are obtained.
上記第２の鞘管に用いるCr2O3は、汚泥、産業廃棄物
を焼却あるいは溶融したものに対して優れた耐食性を有
するものであるが、その含有量が50重量％に達しない場
合には得られる熱電対の寿命に満足するものが得られな
い。Cr 2 O 3 used for the second sheath tube has excellent corrosion resistance to sludge and industrial waste incinerated or melted, but when the content does not reach 50% by weight. Cannot satisfy the life of the obtained thermocouple.
一方製造技術の観点から、Cr2O3含有量が多くなると
焼結が難しくなり、95重量％以上では製造が極めて困難
となる。On the other hand, from the viewpoint of production technology, sintering becomes difficult when the content of Cr 2 O 3 is large, and production becomes extremely difficult when the content is 95% by weight or more.
又セラミックスは熱衝撃に弱いという使用上の制限か
ら、耐熱衝撃性（耐スポール性ともいう）を具備させる
ため、ある程度気孔（空孔）が存在することが必要であ
り、本発明の第２の鞘管の焼結体の気孔率は10〜40％で
あることが好ましく、より好ましくは15〜35％、さらに
好ましくは15〜30％とするのが良い。In addition, since ceramics are vulnerable to thermal shock in use, they must have some degree of pores (voids) in order to provide thermal shock resistance (also referred to as spall resistance). The porosity of the sintered body of the sheath tube is preferably 10 to 40%, more preferably 15 to 35%, and still more preferably 15 to 30%.
以下、下記の測温方法または熱電対により1400〜1600
℃の炉内温度を測定した結果を第１表に示す。Hereinafter, 1400 to 1600 by the following temperature measurement method or thermocouple
Table 1 shows the results of measuring the temperature inside the furnace at ℃.
比較例１ 放射温度計使用 比較例２ 熱電対のみ 比較例３ 鞘管：厚さ0.5mmのPt筒 比較例４ 鞘管:Cr2O3含有量60重量％のセラミックス筒 比較例５ 第１の鞘管：厚さ0.3mmのPt筒 第２の鞘管:Cr2O3含有量35重量％のセラミックス筒 実施例１ 第１の鞘管：厚さ0.3mmのPt筒 第２の鞘管： Cr2O3:50重量％、 Al2O3:30重量％、 ZrO2:10重量％、 鉱化剤:10重量％、 気孔率:15％ のセラミックス筒 実施例２ 第１の鞘管：厚さ0.3mmのPt筒 第２の鞘管： Cr2O3:60重量％、 Al2O3:20重量％、 ZrO2:10重量％、 鉱化剤:10重量％、 気孔率:15％ のセラミックス筒 実施例３ 第１の鞘管：厚さ0.3mmのPt筒 第２の鞘管： Cr2O3:70重量％、 Al2O3:20重量％、 ZrO2:5重量％、 鉱化剤:5重量％、 気孔率:20％ のセラミックス筒 実施例４ 第１の鞘管：厚さ0.3mmのPt筒 第２の鞘管： Cr2O3:80重量％、 Al2O3:10重量％、 ZrO2:5重量％、 鉱化剤:5重量％、 気孔率:25％ のセラミックス筒 実施例５ 第１の鞘管：厚さ0.3mmのPt筒 第２の鞘管： Cr2O3:95重量％、 Al2O3:1.5重量％、 ZrO2:1.5重量％、 鉱化剤:2重量％ 気孔率:30％ のセラミックス筒（焼結しにくく気孔率が大きくなっ
た） 実施例６ 第１の鞘管：厚さ0.3mmのPt筒 第２の鞘管： Cr2O3:70重量％、 Al2O3:20重量％、 ZrO2:5重量％、 鉱化剤:5重量％ 気孔率:20％ のセラミックス筒 実施例７ 第１の鞘管：厚さ0.3mmのRh筒 第２の鞘管： Cr2O3:70重量％、 Al2O3:20重量％、 ZrO2:5重量％、 鉱化剤:5重量％ 気孔率:20％ のセラミックス筒 実施例８ 第１の鞘管：厚さ0.3mmのIr筒 第２の鞘管： Cr2O3:70重量％、 Al2O3:20重量％、 ZrO2:5重量％、 鉱化剤:5重量％ 気孔率:20％ のセラミックス筒 熱電対を厚さ0.5mmのPt筒よりなる鞘管で保護した比
較例３では熱電対が500時間で溶断、熱電対をCr2O3含有
量60重量％のセラミックス筒よりなる鞘管で保護した比
較例４では熱電対が800時間で溶断、熱電対を厚さ0.3mm
のPt筒よりなる第１の鞘管とCr2O3を含有するセラミッ
クス筒よりなる鞘管で保護した場合でも、Cr2O3含有量
が30重量％の比較例５では熱電対が1500時間で溶断し
た。Comparative Example 1 Using a radiation thermometer Comparative Example 2 Thermocouple only Comparative Example 3 Sheath tube: Pt cylinder having a thickness of 0.5 mm Comparative Example 4 Sheath tube: Ceramic tube having a Cr 2 O 3 content of 60% by weight Comparative Example 5 First Sheath tube: Pt cylinder having a thickness of 0.3 mm Second sheath tube: A ceramic tube having a Cr 2 O 3 content of 35% by weight Example 1 First sheath tube: A Pt tube having a thickness of 0.3 mm Second sheath tube: Cr 2 O 3 : 50 wt%, Al 2 O 3 : 30 wt%, ZrO 2 : 10 wt%, mineralizer: 10 wt%, porosity: 15% Ceramic cylinder Example 2 First sheath tube: 0.3 mm thick Pt cylinder Second sheath tube: Cr 2 O 3 : 60 wt%, Al 2 O 3 : 20 wt%, ZrO 2 : 10 wt%, mineralizer: 10 wt%, porosity: 15 % Ceramic tube Example 3 First sheath tube: 0.3 mm thick Pt tube Second sheath tube: Cr 2 O 3 : 70 wt%, Al 2 O 3 : 20 wt%, ZrO 2 : 5 wt% Example 4 First sheath tube: 0.3 mm thick Pt tube Second sheath tube: Cr 2 O 3 Mineralizer: 5% by weight, Porosity: 20% Ceramic tube : 80% by weight, Al 2 O 3 : 10% by weight, ZrO 2 : 5% by weight, Mineralizer: 5% by weight, Porosity: 25% Example 5 First sheath tube: 0.3mm thickness Pt cylinder 2nd sheath tube: Cr 2 O 3 : 95 wt%, Al 2 O 3 : 1.5 wt%, ZrO 2 : 1.5 wt%, Mineralizer: 2 wt% Porosity: 30% Ceramic tube ( Example 6 First sheath: 0.3 mm thick Pt cylinder Second sheath: Cr 2 O 3 : 70% by weight, Al 2 O 3 : 20% by weight , ZrO 2 : 5% by weight, mineralizer: 5% by weight Porosity: 20% Ceramic cylinder Example 7 First sheath tube: Rh cylinder having a thickness of 0.3 mm Second sheath tube: Cr 2 O 3 : 70 wt%, Al 2 O 3: 20 wt%, ZrO 2: 5 wt%, the mineralizer: 5 wt% porosity: 20% of the ceramic cylinder example 8 the first sheath tube: thickness 0.3 mm Ir cylindrical second sheath tube: Cr 2 O 3: 70 wt%, Al 2 O 3: 20 wt%, ZrO 2: 5 wt%, the mineralizer: 5 wt% porosity: 20% of the ceramic tube heat Thermocouple Comparative Example 3 was protected with a sheath tube made of Pt tube thickness 0.5mm the pair blown at 500 hours, the thermocouple is protected with a sheath tube made of Cr 2 O 3 content of 60 wt% of the ceramic tube In Comparative Example 4, the thermocouple was blown in 800 hours, and the thermocouple was 0.3 mm thick.
First even when protected by a sheath pipe made of the sheath tube and the ceramic tube containing Cr 2 O 3, Cr 2 O 3 content of 30 weight percent of Comparative Example 1500 hours thermocouple in 5 made of Pt barrel Fused.
これに対して、熱電対本体をPt、Ir又はRhよりなる第
１の鞘管とCr2O3を50重量％以上含有する耐熱性セラミ
ックスからなる第２の鞘管で保護した実施例の熱電対は
いずれも１年以上使用することができた。 On the other hand, the thermocouple of the embodiment in which the thermocouple main body was protected by a first sheath tube made of Pt, Ir or Rh and a second sheath tube made of a heat-resistant ceramic containing 50% by weight or more of Cr 2 O 3. Each pair could be used for over a year.
第２の鞘管として用いるセラミックスのCr2O3含有量
は60〜80重量％が最適で、１万時間以上の寿命を有する
熱電対が得られる。The Cr 2 O 3 content of the ceramic used as the second sheath tube is optimally 60 to 80% by weight, and a thermocouple having a life of 10,000 hours or more can be obtained.
Cr2O3含有量が95重量％でも１万時間以上の寿命が得
られるが、セラミックスが焼結しにくく、気孔率が大き
くなるので寿命が若干短くなった。Even if the Cr 2 O 3 content is 95% by weight, a life of 10,000 hours or more can be obtained, but the ceramic is hardly sintered and the porosity is increased, so that the life is slightly shortened.
ハ．発明の効果 高温でかつ溶融物が存在する酸化雰囲気炉内で長時間
の使用に堪える熱電対が得られる。C. Effect of the Invention A thermocouple that can be used for a long time in an oxidizing atmosphere furnace having a high temperature and a melt is obtained.
第１図は本発明の熱電対を炉内に挿入した使用状態を示
す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a use state in which a thermocouple of the present invention is inserted into a furnace.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平１−299423（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭62−241874（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−117180（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭63−300924（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭60−68441（ＪＰ，Ｕ) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-299423 (JP, A) JP-A-62-241874 (JP, A) JP-A-61-117180 (JP, A) JP-A-63-241 300924 (JP, A) Fully open Showa 60-68441 (JP, U)
Claims (4)
囲気炉内の温度を測定する熱電対であって、熱電対本体
の測温部外周を白金、イリジウム及びロジウムの中から
選ばれる少なくとも１つの金属からなる第１の鞘管で被
覆し、さらにその第１の鞘管の外周を、主成分が酸化ク
ロムと酸化アルミニウムと酸化ジルコニウムからなり且
つ酸化クロムを50重量％以上含有する耐熱性セラミック
ス焼結体からなる第２の鞘管で被覆した構造を有する保
護管付熱電対。1. A thermocouple for measuring a temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere furnace for incinerating and melting sludge and industrial waste, wherein an outer periphery of a thermometer of a thermocouple main body has at least one selected from platinum, iridium and rhodium. A heat-resistant material which is covered with a first sheath made of one metal, and further has an outer periphery of the first sheath made of chromium oxide, aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide and containing 50% by weight or more of chromium oxide. A thermocouple with a protective tube having a structure covered with a second sheath tube made of a ceramic sintered body.
鞘管の酸化クロム含有量が60〜80重量％である請求項第
１項記載の保護管付熱電対。2. The thermocouple with a protection tube according to claim 1, wherein the second sheath tube made of a heat-resistant ceramic sintered body has a chromium oxide content of 60 to 80% by weight.
鞘管の酸化クロムと酸化アルミニウムと酸化ジルコニウ
ムの合計が90重量％以上である請求項第１項記載の保護
管付熱電対。3. The thermocouple with a protective tube according to claim 1, wherein the total of chromium oxide, aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide of the second sheath tube made of a heat-resistant ceramic sintered body is 90% by weight or more.
鞘管の気孔率が10〜40％である請求項第１項記載の保護
管付熱電対。4. The thermocouple with a protective tube according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the second sheath tube made of a heat-resistant ceramic sintered body is 10 to 40%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2144384A JP2632232B2 (en) | 1990-06-04 | 1990-06-04 | Thermocouple with thermowell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2144384A JP2632232B2 (en) | 1990-06-04 | 1990-06-04 | Thermocouple with thermowell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0438429A JPH0438429A (en) | 1992-02-07 |
| JP2632232B2 true JP2632232B2 (en) | 1997-07-23 |
Family
ID=15360882
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2144384A Expired - Lifetime JP2632232B2 (en) | 1990-06-04 | 1990-06-04 | Thermocouple with thermowell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2632232B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112609159B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2023-02-14 | 尚越光电科技股份有限公司 | Co-evaporation equipment for assembling thermoelectric couple of CIGS (copper indium gallium selenide) thin-film solar cell |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6068441U (en) * | 1983-10-18 | 1985-05-15 | 光洋リンドバーグ株式会社 | thermocouple protection tube |
| JPH0246549B2 (en) * | 1984-11-09 | 1990-10-16 | Hitachi Ltd | FUNRYUSOSEKITANGASUKAROYONETSUDENTSUIHOGOKAN |
| JPS62241874A (en) * | 1986-04-14 | 1987-10-22 | 東芝セラミツクス株式会社 | Immersion protective pipe for molten metal |
| JPH0774094B2 (en) * | 1987-04-27 | 1995-08-09 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Corrosion resistant thermocouple protection tube |
| JPH01299423A (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-12-04 | Nippon Steel Corp | Protective-tube type meter for continuous temperature measurement |
-
1990
- 1990-06-04 JP JP2144384A patent/JP2632232B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0438429A (en) | 1992-02-07 |
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