JP2601166B2 - Cutting blade and electrolytic dressing grinding and cutting device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutting blade and an electrolytic dressing grinding and cutting apparatus for performing highly accurate and efficient cutting and grooving of glass and ceramics.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a cutting blade of this kind has been used for cutting or grooving as shown in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 59-143651.

When cutting or grooving using a thin cutting blade, the cutting blade is likely to bend due to factors such as uneven wear, abnormal wear, and excessive grinding resistance. Due to this bending, the side surface of the cutting blade comes into contact with the cut surface, and the side surface grinds (rubbing) the cut surface. At this time, if the protrusion of the abrasive grains on the side surface of the cutting blade is insufficient and the grinding ability is insufficient, the cutting blade is clogged.

[0004] If the cut surface causes chipping or chipping due to the clogging phenomenon, the surface roughness of the cut surface is deteriorated. Further, if the cutting blade is significantly bent due to uneven wear or abnormal wear, straight cutting grooves are not formed, and the flatness of the cut surface is deteriorated. The cut surface roughness can be improved by reducing the diameter of the abrasive grains distributed on the cutting blade and maintaining the grinding ability of the abrasive grains appropriately by an appropriate dressing method.

[0005] However, in general, the cut surface roughness and the cutting speed are in an opposite relationship, and a reduction in the diameter of the abrasive grains lowers the grinding and cutting speed, which leads to a decrease in cutting ability. For this reason,
Usually, the abrasive grain size of the cutting blade is determined in consideration of both the desired cut surface roughness and the cutting speed.

As a method of improving both the cut surface roughness and the cutting speed, primarily the heart in the thickness direction of the cutting blade outer circumferential performing removal processing of cutting allowance (hereinafter, referred to as outer peripheral middle) a large abrasive grain layer A cutting blade having a small-diameter abrasive grain layer on a side surface that mainly has only a cut surface and has only a grinding surface is known.
The cutting blade is determined cutting speed by a large diameter abrasive grain layer of the outer middle, since the cut surface roughness by grinding of the small diameter abrasive grain layer side is affected, the cutting speed without deteriorating the cut surface roughness Can be improved.

[0007]

[Problems that the Invention is to Solve The conventional cutting blades, a large abrasive grain layer on the outer peripheral center, have a smaller diameter abrasive grain layer on the side surfaces, abnormal wear is a problem that tends to occur . That is, the grinding capability of the large-diameter abrasive grain layer and a small diameter abrasive grain layer is greatly different and, due to that the proper dressing method for maintaining the grinding capacity was not, FIG. 4 (a), (b as shown in) diameter abrasive layer 13 or the small diameter abrasive
Any one of the grain layers 3 is rapidly worn, and uneven wear and abnormal wear occur.

When uneven wear or abnormal wear occurs not only in the cutting blade having the above-described small-diameter abrasive grain layer 3 but also in a general cutting blade, a protruding portion is removed by a truing operation each time, and the sectional shape of the cutting blade is reduced. Needs to be modified to a rectangle. For this reason, there was a problem that the cutting process could not be performed with high reproducibility, and the life of the cutting blade was reduced due to frequent truing.

[0009] An object of the present invention is to solve such conventional problems and improve both the surface roughness of the cut surface and the cutting speed.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a long-life cutting blade and an electrolytic dressing grinding and cutting device that can prevent abnormal wear and uneven wear.

[0010]

A first invention is a cutting process.
Or in a cutting blade for grooving,
The cutting blade has a large-diameter abrasive layer in the center of the outer periphery,
The small-diameter abrasive layer on both sides of the blade, the large-diameter abrasive layer
And the intermediate layer of the small-diameter abrasive layer from the abrasive of the large-diameter abrasive layer
Medium diameter abrasive grains that are smaller and larger than the abrasive grains of the small diameter abrasive layer
A cutting layer of the large-diameter abrasive layer having a medium-diameter abrasive layer.
The cross section including the blade rotation center axis is the outer circumference of the cutting blade.
The medium-diameter abrasive layer has a large diameter
Provide the same taper angle and uniform thickness as the abrasive layer,
Is the diameter of the abrasive layer between the taper angle and the inner peripheral side of the cutting blade?
That the cutting blade is provided with a uniform thickness.
And features.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electrolytic dressing grinding and cutting apparatus for a metal bond cutting blade for performing a cutting process or a grooving process, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the metal bond cutting blade and both side surfaces of the metal bond cutting blade are faced. It is provided with a minus electrode divided into a plurality of insulating layers in the thickness direction of the metal bond cutting blade, and a minus electrode divided into a plurality of pieces in the insulating layer facing the outer peripheral surface of the metal bond cutting blade, The metal bond cutting blade is installed so as to be inclined in the thickness direction with respect to a direction parallel to the rotation direction of the metal bond cutting blade, and is divided into a plurality of pieces by the insulating layer.
While applying different electrolytic currents to each of the negative electrodes,
It is characterized by cutting and cutting .

[0012]

4 (a) and 4 (b) show a large diameter at the center 2 of the outer periphery.
When cutting is performed using the conventional cutting blade 1 having the abrasive layer 13 and the small-diameter abrasive layers 3 on both side surfaces 4, a typical abnormal wear or uneven wear cross-sectional shape generated in the cutting blade 1 is obtained. FIG.

[0013] In conventional cutting blade 1, the large-diameter abrasive grains
If cutting is continued at a speed commensurate with the grinding ability of the layer 13, the cutting is performed at the outer peripheral corner 16 in a state exceeding the grinding ability of the small-diameter abrasive layer 3. For this reason, a clogging phenomenon or the like occurs, and an excessive grinding resistance acts on the outer peripheral corner portion 16, and only the small-diameter abrasive grain layer 3 rapidly wears, and abnormal wear occurs as shown in FIG. . At this time, if the speed of wear progress differs between the left and right, asymmetric uneven wear also occurs. On the other hand, such as when binding degree of the small diameter abrasive grain layer 3 is too high than the diameter abrasive layer 13, the outer peripheral middle 2 becomes rapidly worn in FIG. 4 (b) to indicate such abnormal wear.

[0014] Therefore, in the cutting blade of the first invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the intermediate layer of the small abrasive grain layer 3 of the large diameter abrasive layer 13 and the both side surfaces 4 of the outer middle 2, the large径砥particle Abrasive layer 13
From medium-diameter abrasive grains that are smaller and larger than the abrasive grains in the small-diameter abrasive layer 3
A layer of 径砥particle layer 7 in made, the more abrasive layer section of the large diameter abrasive grain layer 13 and the intermediate diameter abrasive grain layer 7, and tapered angle 15 extending to the outer peripheral side of the cutting blade 1. The middle diameter abrasive layer 7 has an effect of alleviating the differences in grinding capability of the small abrasive layer 3 and the large diameter abrasive layer 13 performs only light grinding of the cutting face that mainly performs removal processing of the cutting margin. Further, the large diameter abrasive layer 13 is small abrasive
Protrudes from 3 layers of the layer, it is possible to generate a scratch or the like on the cut surface. The middle diameter abrasive layer 7 is also the effect of suppressing scratches caused by large abrasive layer 13.

The angle of the taper angle 15 is determined in consideration of the amount of wear of the side surface 4 due to the progress of cutting. Small diameter abrasive
For any layer 3 or the large diameter abrasive layer 13 is also worn earlier, the abrasive grains remaining other acting excessive grinding resistance,
Wears quickly. As a result, the occurrence of abnormal wear and uneven wear is suppressed, and the cut surface roughness obtained with the small-diameter abrasive layer 3 is reduced
It can be obtained at a cutting speed when the abrasive layer 13 is used,
Further, since the stable cross-sectional shape of the cutting blade can be maintained, the life of the cutting blade 1 can be extended.

Next, will be described with reference to the second and third drawing for the second invention. Uneven wear or abnormal wear of the cutting blade 1 occurs due to a difference in grinding ability between the outer peripheral center 2 and the side surface 4 shown in FIG. By appropriately dressing the outer peripheral center 2 and the side surface 4, it is possible to reduce the difference in grinding ability. Here, due to the self-dressing effect and the mechanical dressing accompanying the progress of the cutting process, it is difficult to properly maintain each grinding ability, and truing is performed for each cutting pass to correct uneven wear and abnormal wear. To be inefficient.

[0017] Therefore, in electrolytic dressing grinding cutting apparatus according to the second invention, with a cutting blade 1 created by metal bond, as shown in FIG. 2, on the outer circumferential center 2 and the side surface 4, scheme electrolytic dressing action different amounts Has been adopted. The major difference from the conventional device is that the negative electrode 6
The cutting blade 1 is divided into a plurality of n pieces by the insulating layer 17 in the thickness direction, and In flows from different electrolytic currents Il.

A large amount of electrolytic current is applied to the minus electrode 6 facing the center 2 of the outer periphery of the cutting blade 1 for removing a large amount of cutting allowance, and a large amount of electrolytic current is applied to the minus electrode 6 facing both side surfaces 4 that only slightly grinds the cut surface. Gives a small amount of electrolytic current, and performs cutting in a good state in which the grinding ability of the outer peripheral center 2 and the side surface 4 is appropriately maintained. When uneven wear or abnormal wear occurs, the gap becomes smaller in the negative electrode 6 facing the protruding portion of the cutting blade 1, so that a relatively higher electrolytic current flows than the other negative electrodes 6. Thus, it is possible to detect the position where uneven wear or abnormal wear occurs during processing.

If the electrolytic voltage is adjusted so that a higher electrolytic current flows through the negative electrode 2 facing the detected protruding portion, an excessive electrolytic dressing is applied to the protruding portion. As a result, the abrasion due to the electrolytic action of the metal bond of the protrusion is promoted, and uneven wear and abnormal wear can be corrected.

Further, in the second invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the minus electrode 6 in the above-mentioned electrolytic dressing grinding and cutting apparatus is slightly inclined with respect to a direction parallel to the rotation direction of the cutting blade 1. It faces the cutting blade 1. Negative electrode 6 divided by insulating layer 17
When the cutting blade 1 is installed in parallel with the outer peripheral running direction, a portion of the cross section of the cutting blade 1 may be locally rapidly worn. The present invention has an effect of suppressing local wear of the cutting blade 1.

[0021] Hereinafter, including specific processing conditions, an embodiment of the present invention. Cutting blade 1 shown in FIG.
A cutting blade made of bronze bond SD600 abrasive having a thickness of 0.3 mm and a thickness of 0.25 mm of the base portion 8 has a taper angle 15 of 2 degrees by cutting. Then, electrodeposition or 50μ diameter abrasive grain layer 7 in SD1200 by electroless plating
m, and a small diameter abrasive grain layer 3 of SD6000
Is formed to 50 μm. Thereafter, the cutting blade 1 was modified into a straight shape by lapping both sides thereof.

[0022] First, as shown in the second and third figure established a negative electrode 6 of the U-shaped cross section in the vicinity of the cutting blade 1, the grinding fluid 5 soluble with weakly conductive covers 12 was supplied toward the side surface 4 of the cutting blade 1 from a supply hole provided in the cutting blade 1. And the cutting blade 1 and the negative electrode 6
Is connected to the electrolytic power source 9 and the cutting blade 1 is connected to 15000R.
Rotate at PM to feed the processing substrate 10 at a feed rate of 10 mm / m
Cut in.

As a method for applying a voltage from the electrolytic power supply 9 to the cutting blade 1, a carbon brush 14 was brought into contact with the end face of the main shaft 11. In this embodiment, in order to confirm the effect of the first invention, the minus electrode 6 is not divided but is divided into 60.
Electrolytic dressing was applied at a uniform electrolysis voltage of V.

In the above embodiment, the processing substrate 10 can be cut at the same feed speed as when a normal cutting blade of SD600 abrasive grains is used, and the cutting speed is SD6000.
The improvement was more than three times that in the case of using a cutting blade of abrasive grains. By the action of the medium diameter abrasive layer 7, the large diameter abrasive layer 13 is small
No scratches generated by protruding from the abrasive layer 3 are observed on the cut surface, and the surface roughness of the cut surface is 0.05 μmRma, which is the same as when using a cutting blade of SD6000 abrasive.
x was obtained. Further, since the grinding capacity difference large abrasive grain layer 13 and the small diameter abrasive grain layer 3 has been alleviated, abnormal wear and uneven wear in which one of the abrasive grains rapidly wear is suppressed, to modify the shape of the cutting blade 1 the mechanical truing, could be reduced to 1/2 of the frequency of the cutting blade without a conventional medium-diameter abrasive layer 7.

Next, in the same processing conditions as the above-mentioned cutting, introducing a negative electrode 6 which is divided into 12 in the insulating layer 17, and cutting the substrate 10. The electrolytic voltage was adjusted so that a larger amount of current flows to the negative electrode 6 whose electrolytic current value increased during cutting, and the protruding portion of the cutting blade 1 was selectively worn. As a result, the surface roughness and cutting speed of the cut surface did not change, and a stable wear shape of the cutting blade 1 was obtained. The frequency of mechanical truing performed during the cutting pass can be further reduced to 2/3 and the cutting blade 1
The lifetime was possible to improve a cutting blade having no conventional medium-diameter abrasive layer 7, more than three times in the case of using the negative electrode is not divided.

[0026] In this embodiment, SD as large abrasive layer 13
600, a medium-size abrasive grain layer 7 SD1200, was used a cutting blade 1 having SD6000 abrasive as small abrasive particle layer 3, which with or a combination of different abrasive particle sizes are different abrasive of CBN, etc. The same effect can be obtained by using a cutting blade using grains.

[0027]

As described above, the cutting blade and the electrolytic dressing grinding and cutting apparatus of the present invention can improve both the surface roughness of the cut surface and the cutting speed, and can prevent abnormal wear and uneven wear. Long life can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a cutting blade used in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of an electrolytic dressing grinding and cutting apparatus used in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of an electrolytic dressing grinding and cutting apparatus used in one embodiment of the present invention.

4 (a) and 4 (b) are cross-sectional views of a cutting blade having a typical abnormal wear or uneven wear in a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 cutting blade 2 outer peripheral middle third small abrasive layer 4 side 5 grinding liquid 6 electrode 7 in diameter abrasive grain layer 8 base portion 9 electrolytic power supply 10 processed substrate 11 spindle 12 cover 13 large diameter abrasive layer 14 brush 15 taper angle 16 periphery Corner 17 Insulating layer 18 Buffer material 19 Current Il 20 Current In

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical display location B24D 3/02 310 B24D 3/02 310B 5/14 5/14

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cutting blade for performing a cutting process or a grooving process, wherein a large diameter is provided at a center of an outer periphery of the cutting blade.
Has an abrasive layer, wherein on both sides of the cutting blades have a small diameter abrasive grain layer <br/>, the abrasive of the large径砥particle layer on the intermediate layer having a large diameter abrasive grain layer and the small abrasive layer Smaller than the grain size
Having a medium-diameter abrasive layer made of larger intermediate-diameter grains, and
Cross section of the large-diameter abrasive layer including the cutting blade rotation center axis
Has a taper angle that extends to the outer periphery of the cutting blade,
The medium diameter abrasive layer has the same taper angle as the large diameter abrasive layer and
Provided with a uniform thickness, the small-diameter abrasive layer is the cutting blade
The taper angle that spreads to the inner circumference and the cutting blade is uniform
A cutting blade provided to have a thickness . 2. An electrolytic dressing grinding and cutting apparatus for a metal bond cutting blade for performing a cutting process or a grooving process, wherein the metal bond cutting blade is installed so as to face an outer peripheral surface of the metal bond cutting blade and both side surfaces of the metal bond cutting blade. A negative electrode divided into a plurality of pieces by an insulating layer in a thickness direction of the bond cutting blade, and a negative electrode divided into a plurality of pieces by the insulating layer facing an outer peripheral surface of the metal bond cutting blade, It is inclined in the thickness direction set with respect to the rotational direction parallel to the direction of
Of the negative electrode divided into a plurality of parts by the insulating layer.
Grinding and cutting while applying different electrolytic currents to each
Electrolytic dressing grinding cutting apparatus characterized by that.