JP2599160C - - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an agent for preventing and treating staphylococci in chickens and a method for preventing and treating the disease. More specifically, the present invention relates to a prophylactic and therapeutic agent containing a crude drug for staphylococcal disease in chickens and a method for preventing and treating comprising a crude drug. [Background Art] Staphylococcal disease in chickens is caused by staphylococci, namely Staphylococcus aureus St.
aphylococcus aureus is a disease caused by infection. Since the incidence and mortality are both high and the industrial damage to the poultry industry is large, it is one of the most important diseases for which the establishment of control measures is urgently required among the many diseases of chickens. The disease causes a wide variety of illnesses, including edema dermatitis specific to the disease. For example, aneurysm, dry endearing of the toe end, endocarditis and the like. In addition, the number of mixed infections of this bacterium with other pathogens is extremely large. Despite this serious epidemic, there are few effective countermeasures.
Measures such as appropriate breeding management are taken, but in many cases, prevention is not practical. In addition, in order to prevent and treat the disease, a method of administering, for example, an antibiotic or another antibacterial agent together with a feed has also been performed. However, in recent years, there is a growing problem that it is not appropriate to administer antibiotics and the like to poultry and the like due to the occurrence of resistant bacteria and the persistence of antibiotics and the like in animals. Therefore, development of a method for preventing and treating this disease without using an antibiotic or the like and an agent for preventing and treating the disease are desired. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have conducted studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, have found that certain crude drugs have an effect of suppressing the disease, and completed the present invention. Was. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a preventive and therapeutic agent for staphylococcal disease in chickens and a method for preventing and treating the same. The present invention relates to liquorice, spinach, orange gourd, oubaku, kouboku, tanjin,
Prevention and treatment of staphylococcal disease in chickens containing one or more crude drugs selected from the group consisting of timo, rhubarb, kujin, loquat, hops, oleander, enmeso, gobishi, sanshuyu, peonies, chiyu and ephedra The agent is provided. The present invention also provides crude drug in the form of bulk powder, an organic solvent, a crude drug extract obtained by extraction with water or a mixture of an organic solvent and water, or prevention of the above-mentioned chicken staphylococcal disease containing a crude drug active ingredient. It provides a therapeutic agent. The present invention also provides a preventive and therapeutic agent for staphylococcal disease in chickens, which contains a crude drug in feed. Further, the present invention provides liquorice, spinach, orange gourd, oubaku, kouboku, tanjin, timo, rhubarb, kujin, loquat, hops, oleander, enmeiso,
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing and treating chicken staphylococci, which comprises administering an effective amount of one or more crude drugs selected from the group consisting of Gobishi, Sanshuyu, Peony, Chiyu and Ephedra. The present invention also provides a crude drug in a bulk form, an organic solvent, a crude drug extract obtained by extraction with water or a mixture of an organic solvent and water, or a staphylococcal disease in chickens, which is administered in the form of a crude drug active ingredient. And a method for preventing and treating the disease. The present invention also provides a method for preventing and treating staphylococci in chickens, which comprises administering a crude drug in a feed. glandulifera Regel et Herder) without any roots or rhizomes, or without cork skin. It is composed of glycyrrhizin, It is used as a medicine. Spinach (Yellow) is burnt fine roots from rhizomes of spinach (Coptis japonica Makino). It contains berberine, palmatin and the like as components, and is used as a stomach stomach in humans and as an intestinal medicine. Ougon (huangling) is the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi excluding the cork skin. It contains agonine and baicalin as components and is used as a human anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drug. Oak (huangkashi) is the bark of the yellowfin (Phellodendron amurense Ruprecht) or other congeners of the same species without the cork layer. It contains berberine, palmatin and the like as components, and is used as a stomachic, intestinal astringent, astringent and anti-inflammatory drug for humans. Koboku is a bark of the tree and branches of Magnolia obovata Thunberg. This product contains, as an ingredient, magnoclarin, the main component is methylol, an essential oil with magnolol, astringent diuresis in humans, Tanjin is the root of tanjin (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge). It contains tandinone I, II and cryptotandinone as components and is used for human tonicity, menstruation, feminine medicine and menstrual disorders, uterine bleeding, abdominal pain and acne healing. Chimo (chimbo) is the rhizome of Hananesuge (Anemanhena asphodeloides Bunge). It contains saponin, steroid saponin, tannin and the like as components and is used as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antidiarrheal, diuretic, and analgesic in humans. officinale Baillon) and the relatives of the rhizomes of the rhizomes were almost completely removed and vertically divided. It contains chrysophanol, emodin, emodin monomethyl ether and the like as anthraquinone derivatives as components, and is used for human gastric stomach bitterness, laxity, and as an anti-inflammatory drug for chronic gastrointestinal diseases, indigestion, and constipation. . Kujin is a clara (Sophora augustifolia Siebold et Zuccarini)
The roots are cut or cut vertically except for most of the root or cork skin. It contains matrine as an ingredient and is used as a stomachic, diuretic, antipyretic, analgesic and insecticide in humans. Loquat (loquat leaf) is obtained by removing the soft hair of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindley) leaves as much as possible. It contains glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose, and the like as components, and has been used as a cool and stomach medicine for humans and as a preventive for hot weather. It contains tannin, humulone, lupulon and the like as components and is necessary for imparting bitterness and aroma in beer brewing. Bayberry (Plum bark) is a bayberry (Myrica rubra Siebold et Zuccarini)
Is the bark. It contains tannin, myricetin, myricitrin and the like as components, is used as astringent in humans for diarrhea, and is effective for bruises. Enmeiso (extended lifegrass) is a foliage of a sprouts (Isodon japonica Hara) or a black sprouts (Isodon trichocarpus Kudo). It contains plectrantin and emmain as components and is used as a human stomach bitter medicine for the treatment of indigestion, anorexia, abdominal pain and the like. Gobishi (Fifty-five) is a nuldenomimifabibushi (Melaphischinensis J
. Bell stab wounds mainly due to Nurde (Rhus javanica) Contains fats, resins, etc. It is used as a raw material for producing quintuple tincture, tannic acid, gallic acid, and pyrogallol. Sanshuyu (Sanshuyu), Cornus officinalis Siebold et Zucca
rini) is a seed extracted from the mature fruit. It contains as components crystalline organic acids, gallic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid and the like. It is used as a nourishing, tonic and astringent medicine for humans. Peonies (Paeonia albiflora Pallas var.trichoc)
arpa Bunge). It contains benzoic acid, resin and the like as components and is used as astringent, relieving, analgesic and antispasmodic drugs for humans. Chiyu (Jiyu) takes the root of Warm grew (Sanguisorba officinalis L.),
It is dry. It contains tannin (17%) and saponin as components, and is used as a hemostatic astringent in humans for hematemesis, hemoptysis, and menorrhagia. Ephedra (Ephedra) is the aboveground stem of Ephedra (Ephedra sinica Stapf). It contains l-ephedrine, d-pseudoephedrine and the like as components and is used as an antitussive, sweating and diuretic in humans. As described above, each of the crude drugs used in the present invention, licorice, spinach, red oak, oak, oak, kouboku, tanjin, timo, rhubarb, kujin, loquat, hops, leopard, emmeiso, gobishi, sanshuyu, peony, chiyu and ephedra, They have been conventionally used alone or in combination for the prevention and treatment of human diseases. However, no attempt has been made to use them for the purpose of preventing and treating chicken diseases, in particular, for preventing and treating chicken infections. The present inventors have conducted various studies focusing on the medicinal effects of the above crude drugs. As a result of the various studies, one or two of the above crude drugs were used for the prevention and treatment of staphylococcal disease in chickens, a disease caused by infection with the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The inventors have found that it is extremely effective to administer a combination of species or more, and have completed the present invention. That is, as described below, it became clear that the above-mentioned specific types of crude drugs and their extracts have specific bacteriostatic and bactericidal actions against the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in vivo. And as a result of this inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, when these crude drugs were administered to chickens, Staphylococcus aureus
It was possible to prevent and cure staphylococcal disease, which is a disease of chickens caused by the disease. Then, it was not expected that these crude drugs and their extracts would be effective against diseases specific to the chicken, and this was first revealed by the present inventors. These crude drugs can be directly administered in the form of the raw powder, or in the form of an extract or crude drug active ingredient, or they can be added to feed or used as a solution, dispersion,
It is formulated into semisolid preparations, granular preparations, molded preparations, leaching preparations, injection preparations and the like. The extraction extract is used, for example, by solvent extraction using water, an organic solvent or a mixture of water and an organic solvent, and then directly extracting, concentrating, diluting, or removing the solvent. Examples of the organic solvent include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, ether, methylene chloride, chloroform, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and petroleum ether.
Ethanol is preferred. These organic solvents can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more. This solvent extraction can be performed by cold or hot digestion of the crude drug in these solvents. In the case of cold immersion, it can be carried out in a temperature range of 15 to 25 ° C, and in the case of hot immersion, it can be carried out in a temperature range of 35 to 45 ° C. The extraction time depends on the extraction temperature, but is generally about 5 days or until the soluble components are sufficiently dissolved. The crude drug active ingredient is, for example, the above extract is further shaken using various solvents, a fraction that is transferred to the solvent is taken out, and the solvent is distilled off, and the effective fraction, that is, the active ingredient can be used as the active ingredient. . Solvents used in this case are non-polar solvents such as lower aliphatic ethers (diethyl ether, ethyl methyl ether, etc.); lower halogen alkanes (chloroform, dichloroethane, dibromoethane, etc.); benzenes (benzene, toluene, Xylene, etc.); and other petroleum solvents (petroleum ether, petroleum benzene, ligroin, etc.). The remaining aqueous solution obtained by extracting the effective fraction is shake-extracted by using water and a certain organic solvent saturated with water, washed with water, and transferred to an organic solvent layer as a residue. The solvent obtained by distilling off the solvent of the fraction to be used can also be used as an effective fraction, that is, an active ingredient. This effective fraction differs from the above-mentioned effective fraction in the physicochemical properties and the detected components are also different. The dose is in the range of 0.001 mg / kg of body weight / day to 100 g / kg of body weight / day in terms of the crude powder of crude drug. This amount differs between the case where it is used as a prophylactic agent and the case where it is used as a therapeutic agent, and generally the latter dose is larger. The method of administration can be oral or parenteral, and parenteral administration can be intramuscular, intraperitoneal, transdermal, nasal, intravenous, and the like. [Effects of the Invention] As described above in detail, the present invention provides an effective agent for preventing and treating staphylococci in chickens and an effective method for preventing and treating the disease. Since the prophylactic and therapeutic agent of the present invention is mainly composed of a crude drug or an extract obtained therefrom, there is no problem of the occurrence of resistant bacteria or side effects in the case of antibiotics and the like, and the agent can be administered with confidence. Further, since there is no concern about the effect of the residual drug on the human body, it is suitable as a drug for preventing and treating staphylococcal disease in chickens for eggs and chickens for meat. Furthermore, the disease can be prevented and treated at a lower cost than in the case where an antibiotic or the like is used. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Test Examples and Examples. Test Example 1 The susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus to various crude drugs was examined. Various crude drugs were added to a 50% aqueous ethanol solution 7 times the amount of the crude drug and extracted for 16 hours to obtain an alcohol extract. The extract was infiltrated into an 8 mm diameter disk by 25 μl and dried. The disc was placed on a heart infusion agar medium coated with a strain of (Staphylococcus aureus), cultured at 37 ° C. for 18 hours, and then the diameter of the inhibition circle was measured. Next, Table 1 shows the test results. Example 1 Basic feed Corn 402 parts by weight Micro 240 240 Bran 40 〃 Soybean meal 160 な Nana seed meal 40 parts by weight Fish meal 35 イ エ ロ ー Yellow grease 7 カ ル シ ウ ム Calcium carbonate 70 〃 Tertiary calcium phosphate 2 〃 Salt 2 〃 Premix 2 カ ン Licorice powder was added to the above basic feed at 4% by weight to prepare a test feed. Twenty healthy 150-day-old chickens were fed the test feed freely. On the 5th day from the start of the test, protease-producing Staphylococcus isolated from a staphylococcal outbreak chicken
S. aureus was administered 10 ⁸ cells / ml per chickens subcutaneously in 1ml right temporal. Next administration 20
One day later, swelling of the inoculation site, necropsy findings, and collection of bacteria from the inoculation site were performed. In the control group, the basal feed was given instead of the test feed. As a result, among the chickens after the infection, 5 chickens showed swelling at the inoculation site in the test plot of the present invention, but 18 chickens in the control plot. At necropsy findings, 5 cheeses were found at the inoculation site in the test plot of the present invention, whereas 18 rats were found in the control plot. Furthermore, in the recovery of bacteria from the inoculation site, only 5 birds could be recovered in the test plot, but in the control plot, bacteria were recovered from 18 birds. Examples 2 to 18 The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that 1% of crude drugs shown in Table 2 below were added instead of Licorice. Next, the test results are shown in Table 2. Example 19 1kg of each of liquorice, spinach, orange gourd, oubaku, kokuboku, tanjin, chimo, rhubarb, kujin, loquat, hops, sycamore, emmeisou, gobishi, sanshuyu, peony, chiyu and ephedra, each with 10 l of water And extracted at 100 ° C. for 1 hour. Each water extract was diluted 1000 times to obtain an extract. Extracts were used instead of water using 10 150-day-old chickens. As the feed, the same basic feed as that used in Example 1 was used. In the control group, water was given instead of the extract. On the 5th day from the start of the test, 10 ⁸ cells / ml of a protease-producing Staphylococcus aureus isolated from a staphylococci-producing chicken was subcutaneously administered to the right head at a dose of 10 ⁸ cells / ml, followed by infection for 20 days as before. Bred. As a result, control was performed in all test plots on the number of chickens showing swelling at the inoculation site on day 20 after infection, the number of chickens with cheese-like material at the inoculation site and the number of chickens recovered at the inoculation site on autopsy findings. Ward was better.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) selected from the group consisting of liquorice, spinach, orange gourd, oakaku, kouboku, tanjin, timo, rhubarb, kujin, loquat, hops, biloba, emmeiso, gobishi, sanshuyu, peony, chiyu and ephedra. One or two
An agent for preventing and treating staphylococci in chickens, comprising at least one kind of crude drug. 2) The prophylactic and therapeutic agent according to claim 1, wherein the crude drug is in bulk form. 3) The preventive and therapeutic agent according to claim 1, wherein the crude drug is an organic solvent, a mixture of water and an organic solvent, or a crude drug extract extracted with water and / or a crude drug active ingredient obtained therefrom. 4) The prophylactic and therapeutic agent according to claim 1, wherein the crude drug is blended in the feed.