JP2568372B2 - Culture soil - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a culture soil used for cultivating a plant, and more particularly to a culture soil capable of exerting a more excellent promoting effect on the growth of such a plant.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, culture soil has been used for cultivation of ornamental flowers and woody plants. And, as is well known, this culture soil is artificially processed, and various raw materials are mixed or blended to have a composition suitable for the type of plant to be cultivated and the like. Is configured.

[0003] Generally, in such culture soil,
For replenishment of organic substances, compost obtained by fermenting sawdust and the like is blended as one of the raw materials. The application of compost as such organic matter is effective not only in replenishing the cultivated plants with a nutrient source, but also in agglomeration, aeration, and improvement of water flow. In addition to improving physical properties, improving soil chemical properties and microbial properties, etc., to increase soil strength and increase buffer capacity, etc. It will play a big role.

However, in practice, even when such a compost is used, the initial growth of the cultivated plant may be unsatisfactory, or the growth may stop halfway. There are often. Moreover, in general, the properties of soil vary greatly depending on the type thereof. Therefore, even in the effect of improving the physical properties of the soil by applying the compost as described above, the effect as expected is expected depending on the type of the soil to be blended. Some things could not be obtained. In short, the conventional culture soil as described above has not always been able to provide a sufficient growth effect on the plant to be cultivated.

[0005]

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a culture soil capable of effectively promoting the growth of cultivated plants. To provide.

[0006]

SOLUTION: Soil improving materials containing seaweed brown algae have been conventionally used to promote the growth of plants. This brown algae contains alginic acid and laminarin, which are components specific to seaweed, and these components are
It stimulates the bacterial activity of the soil, increases rot, and improves the physical properties of the soil, such as agglomeration, thereby indirectly increasing plant growth. On the other hand, Tengusa, a kind of red algae, was simply used as a raw material for producing agar, and was discarded after the extraction of agar components.

Therefore, the present inventors have paid attention to these points and made various studies to solve the above-mentioned problems. As a result, the present inventors consisted of a residue (extraction residue) of the agar component after extracting the agar component. It has been found that agar lees have an extremely high effect on the growth of plants, and together with such agar lees, the culture soil is made from fine-grained cotton consisting of a predetermined soil conditioner or rock wool short fiber as a raw material. It has been found that the effect can be further enhanced by configuring and using this.

That is, the present invention has been completed on the basis of such findings, and is characterized by extracting agar components from a culture soil containing compost and used for plant cultivation. Fermenting a mixture obtained by further mixing wood chips with a mixture of agar cake and mineral adsorbent consisting of the residue of Tengusa after, while composing the compost, for such compost, Addition of a soil conditioner consisting of mineral granules and fine cotton wool in which short fibers of rock wool are entangled with each other and aggregated into granules,
The reason is that they are mixed.

[0009]

As described above, the culture soil according to the present invention is composed of compost, a soil conditioner, and fine cotton wool of rock wool. It is used as a raw material. In addition, unlike the conventional one, this compost is constituted by containing agar cake and a mineral adsorbent in addition to wood chips.

[0010] As described above, the agar cake constituting such a compost has a function of promoting the growth of plants, which is considered to be because a cytokinin-like substance is contained in the agar cake. . That is, this cytokinin-like substance is a plant hormone-like substance that exhibits the same physiological action as cytokinin that has the action of promoting cytokinesis of a plant cultured tissue, and this enhances the growth of a plant to be cultivated, such as improving leaf color. It is presumed that this has had a significant effect on rooting and other factors.

[0011] However, such agar lees still retain high viscosity despite the fact that the agar component as a viscous substance has been extracted and removed. Therefore, when such agar cake is used as it is as a raw material for compost to form a culture soil, the viscosity of the agar cake causes the aggregate structure of the soil in the culture soil to collapse, and pores in the soil Is reduced, thereby causing oxygen deficiency in the soil, and as a result, the growth of cultivated plants is significantly inhibited. Therefore, in the culture soil according to the present invention, an adsorbent is used together with such agar lees as a raw material for compost. That is, in the present invention, by mixing the adsorbent with the agar cake, the agar cake is dehumidified and its viscosity is reduced, and thereby, the high viscosity is reduced. Even if the agar cake is used as a raw material, the air permeability and water permeability of the culture soil can be ensured as much as possible.

Thus, such an adsorbent must be one that does not adversely affect the plant to be cultivated even if it is contained in the compost. Therefore, in the culture soil according to the present invention, a mineral adsorbent such as perlite or silicate clay must be used as the adsorbent.

On the other hand, the types of wood chips composing compost together with the agar cake and the mineral adsorbent are not particularly limited, and any of the conventionally used wood chips can be used. For example, bark, sawdust and the like can be suitably used. These wood chips have a high C / N ratio and exhibit a high effect as an efficient organic matter supply source for cultivated plants. In short, in the culture soil according to the present invention, by using such wood chips as a raw material for compost, good rot is replenished, and a nutrient source rich in nutrients is effective for cultivated plants. It can be supplied in a special way.

As described above, in the culture soil according to the present invention, those extremely useful for the growth of the plant to be cultivated are used as raw materials for compost, and these raw materials are mixed or blended and further fermented. Therefore, compost is composed. Then, in the present invention, the compost thus constituted is 1% by volume based on the whole culture soil.
Desirably, it is contained at a rate of 5 to 90%. This is because if the compost is contained in the culture soil beyond the above numerical range, the air permeability in the culture soil is deteriorated, and there is a problem that root growth is inhibited. On the other hand, when the content of the compost is less than the above value, the effect of increasing the growth of plants exerted by the inclusion of the compost configured as described above cannot be effectively enjoyed. is there.

Further, in the culture soil according to the present invention, any soil improving material used as one of the raw materials together with the compost can be used as long as the soil improving material is composed of mineral granular materials. For example, such materials include granular materials such as Kanuma soil, vermiculite, and pearlite. In the present invention, these soil improving materials can be used alone or in various combinations. And, by using the soil improvement material as described above, in the culture soil according to the present invention, the soil is aggregated,
The pores in the soil are effectively ensured, and the ventilation and water permeability are improved, thereby promoting the growth of the plant to be cultivated.

[0016] In the culture soil according to the present invention, it is desirable that the content of such a soil conditioner is 35% or less on a volume basis. This is because, when the content of the soil improving material exceeds 35%, there is a problem that the water retention of the culture soil is significantly deteriorated.

In the culture soil according to the present invention, fine wool of rock wool is used as another raw material. This is because the culture soil is more suitable for growing plants. It is extremely useful in making soil and reducing the weight of the soil.

That is, the fine-grained cotton is entangled with each other by a predetermined amount of rock wool short fibers being rolled to be aggregated, and has fine pores continuous vertically and horizontally inside. Has a structure formed in large numbers. Therefore, such fine-grained cotton is not only very light, but also causes a capillary phenomenon due to such fine pores,
Thereby, it has a feature that high water absorption and water retention are exhibited. Therefore, by containing the fine-grained cotton having such characteristics, the weight and the water retention of the culture soil can be effectively improved. The fine pores have a good buffering function against external pressure, and the aggregate structure of the soil around the fine cotton is effectively maintained. Moreover, since such fine-grained cotton has a granular shape, it can be easily mixed with other raw materials such as compost and soil improvement material, and thereby, can be substantially mixed in the culture soil. As a result, the physical properties of the whole soil can be effectively improved as described above.

In the present invention, such fine cotton wool of rock wool is preferably added in an amount of 10 to 40% by volume based on the whole culture soil.
It will be mixed. If such fine cotton is added and mixed in an amount exceeding 40% of the total amount of the culture soil, the water retention becomes too high, root rot and the like are liable to occur, which is serious. In such a case, there is a problem that a plant to be cultivated dies, and the amount of such fine cotton is less than 10%.
This is because even if added to and mixed with the culture soil, the effects described above cannot be effectively enjoyed. The size of the fine cotton is not particularly limited, but generally, the diameter thereof is about 1 to 15 mm, preferably about 2 to 10 mm.

As described above, in the culture soil according to the present invention, the compost consisting of agar lees containing a substance directly acting on plant tissue and wood chips which is an efficient source of nutrients, From the soil improvement material that improves the air permeability and water permeability and the fine wool of rock wool that improves the water retention of the soil. A high effect can be exhibited.

Therefore, by using the culture soil according to the present invention, the growth of cultivated plants can be more effectively promoted.

Incidentally, the culture soil having the above-mentioned excellent characteristics is advantageously produced as follows.

First, a mixture is obtained by mixing an agar cake consisting of the residue of the dried agar component after extracting the agar component with a mineral adsorbent. The mixture ratio (by weight) is obtained.
Is desirably 1: 1. Thereby, the viscosity of the agar cake can be sufficiently reduced.

Next, wood chips are blended with the mixture thus obtained to obtain a blend. At that time, if the mixture of the agar cake and the mineral adsorbent is too large in such a composition, the viscosity of the agar cake decreases the pores in the culture soil finally obtained, and the culture soil In addition to lowering the air permeability and water permeability, the use of a large amount of a mineral adsorbent causes an increase in cost. On the other hand, if the content of the mixture is too small in the composition, the effect of increasing the growth of plants exerted by the inclusion of agar cake cannot be effectively enjoyed. Therefore, the mixture of the agar cake and the mineral adsorbent is 10 to 50% by weight based on the whole formulation.
It is preferably contained, more preferably about 30%.

Thereafter, the compound is fermented to obtain compost. Here, the fermentation of this compound is performed according to a method similar to the conventional one.
That is, first, in order to increase the C / N ratio and obtain good fermentation conditions, a predetermined amount of chicken manure or tea cake is added to such a composition,
Bacteria such as Bacillus, filamentous fungi such as Aspergillus, actinomycetes such as Streptomyces, etc. are added as fermentation bacteria. Thereafter, these formulations are deposited and periodically turned over, preferably for 4-12 months,
More preferably, it is left for about 6 months to ferment. If the fermentation period is too long, the physical properties of the soil deteriorate.If the fermentation period is too short, the fermentation cannot be performed completely, and the fermentation starts again when used as a culture soil. For example, growth disorders may be caused in the cultivated plant.

Then, for the compost thus obtained,
A soil conditioner consisting of mineral granules and fine-grained cotton consisting of rock wool, so as to have a mixing ratio as described above,
The desired culture soil is obtained by adding and mixing. At this time, it is also possible to add a predetermined fertilizer or the like to the culture soil, thereby obtaining a more effective one for promoting the growth of the plant to be cultivated.

[0027]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, some examples of the present invention will be described to clarify the present invention more specifically. However, the present invention imposes some restrictions by the description of such examples. It is needless to say that it is not something to receive.
In addition, in addition to the following examples, the present invention, in addition to the above-described specific description, various changes, corrections, and modifications based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that improvements can be made.

First, as the agar cake after extracting the agar component, the water content was 64.9%, and the contents of N, P and K were as follows:
0.01%, 0.3%, 0.2%, mineral adsorbent, pearlite (manufactured by Showa Chemical Co., Ltd.), and wood chips, bark (hardware manufactured by Nichiha Corp.) And a heat-treated piece of broken processing scraps) were prepared. Then, the agar cake and perlite are mixed in an amount such that the weight ratio becomes 1: 1 to obtain a mixture. Thereafter, the mixture is mixed with bark, and the mixture and the bark are mixed in a ratio of 3: 7. A blend was obtained which was blended in an amount to be a ratio (weight ratio). This composition was fermented according to a conventional method to obtain a compost, and the thus obtained compost was used as compost A. Also, for comparison, a predetermined amount of conventional compost consisting only of wood chips and the like and not containing agar cake is prepared,
This was designated as compost B.

Subsequently, a predetermined amount of rock wool fine-grained cotton (manufactured by Nichias Co., Ltd.) was prepared, and as a soil improver, a predetermined amount of Kanuma soil (hard and dusty) and vermiculite (Nitto Hiruishi 33L) And medium). Then, the fine-grained cotton, Kanuma soil, vermiculite, and the previously obtained compost A and compost B were blended in a blending ratio (by volume) as shown in Table 1 below. 11 different types of culture soils 1 to 11 were obtained.

[0030]

[Table 1]

Subsequently, Green Map [Nippon Godo Fertilizer Co., Ltd.]
Was added and mixed, and each was poured into a pot having a diameter of 7.5 cm in a predetermined amount. Thereafter, F ₁ telstar white [Takii Seedling Co., Ltd., Dianthus genus F ₁ telstar] seedlings (real leaves 2) were grown in the pots into which the 11 types of culture soils were introduced by plug raising seedling, which is one of the molded seedling raising methods.
Planted). Each F ₁ Telstar white cultivated using these culture soil 1-11, respectively, was plant 1-11. Then, in order to examine how the culture soils 1 to 11 affect the qualitative growth of the plants 1 to 11, respectively, the plant height and planting were measured on the 98th day after planting, and the side branches were measured. Count the number, the number of flowers, the number of flower buds,
Furthermore, the flowering rate and the ratio of plant height to planting, which indicates the tightness of the plant, were calculated. The number of flowers and the number of flower buds represent the number of flowers of the main stem and the number of unflowered flowers. In addition, in order to examine the effect of each culture soil on the quantitative growth of the plants 1 to 11, the total fresh weight, the above-ground fresh weight, and the underground fresh weight were measured on the 100th day after planting. did. Table 2 below shows the results of the influence of each culture soil on the qualitative growth of plants, and Table 3 below shows the results of the effects on the quantitative growth. In addition, top fertilizer was not applied to all pots.

[0032]

[Table 2]

[0033]

[Table 3]

As is clear from the results of the tables, according to the present invention, a culture comprising a compost composed of agar lees, an adsorbent and wood chips, a mineral soil improver and fine-grained cotton of rock wool. Plants 1 cultivated using soils 1 to 7
On the other hand, the plant 8 cultivated by the conventional compost-containing soil 8 containing no agar cake or adsorbent
Represents a qualitative growth, and is inferior in any item, and also shows a remarkably low above-ground fresh weight in the quantitative growth. In addition, plants 1 to 7 cultivated by the culture soil configured according to the present invention were compared with plants 9 and 10 cultivated using the culture soils 9 and 10 that did not contain the mineral soil improver. In the case, it is clear that the former is superior to the latter in the plant height, the number of flowers and the number of flower buds. Furthermore, when the plants 1 to 7 described above are compared with the plants 10 and 11 cultivated on the culture soils 10 and 11 that do not contain rock wool fine cotton, the plant 1
0 and 11 have worse planting than plants 1 to 7,
In addition, the number of flowers and the number of flower buds are small.

[0035]

As described above, in the culture soil according to the present invention, the compost used as the raw material, the mineral soil improving material and the fine cotton wool of rock wool respectively increase the growth of the plant. They are very useful for plants, and together they exert an excellent promoting effect on both qualitative and quantitative growth of plants.

Therefore, by using such a culture soil according to the present invention, the growth of a plant to be cultivated can be remarkably promoted as compared with the case where a conventional one is used.

In addition, in the culture soil according to the present invention, the compost, which is a main raw material, is mostly composed of agar cake and wood chips which have been conventionally discarded. While suppressing as much as possible,
The excellent features as described above can be exhibited.

In addition, such a culture soil has an advantage that the weight thereof can be effectively reduced since one of the raw materials contains extremely lightweight rock wool fine-grained cotton. , Have.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] The present invention relates to a culture soil containing compost, which is used for plant cultivation. A wood mixture is further added to a mixture obtained by mixing agar agar meal, which is a residue of the agar component after extracting agar components, and a mineral adsorbent. The composition obtained by blending is fermented to constitute the compost, and the soil improvement material composed of mineral particulate matter and the short fibers of rock wool are entangled with each other to the compost, and aggregated into a granular form. A culture soil characterized by being formed by adding and mixing fine cotton wool thus obtained.