JP2562100B2 - Binder for moist pellets - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a binder for moist pellets, which is used for moist pellets containing an equal amount or more of raw feed relative to mixed feed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Feeds such as moist pellets are used in aquaculture of Thailand, yellowtail, flounder, silver jacket and the like.
This is obtained by kneading a raw feed such as sardines, mackerel, lizard, etc. and a compounded feed in which fish meal, grains, oil meal, nutrients, binders, etc. are mixed and pelletized by a granulator.

Until the use of moist pellets, minced or chopped raw baits were fed, but due to the poor predation rate, pollution of the sea, maldistribution of nutrition, trouble of feeding, yield and quality There was a problem such as a drop. Moist pellets are a feed designed to ameliorate these problems. A binder is indispensable for this moist pellet, and for example, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (hereinafter referred to as CMC), guar gum, sodium alginate, etc. are used.

Conventionally, the ratio of the raw feed and the mixed feed was based on an equal amount. However, because of the recent decline in fish price and the cost of the mixed feed being higher than that of the raw feed, the fish farmer's ratio of the raw feed It was desired to increase the usage ratio and to reduce the cost of binders at feed manufacturers. With conventional binders, the proportion of raw bait used is increased, the amount of binder used is decreased, and the amount of water relative to the amount of binder is increased (about 70-85% water is present in the raw bait. ), Pellets of sufficient hardness could not be obtained, and there were problems such as stickiness, sticking between pellets, surface smoothness, and easy disintegration, making it impossible to obtain satisfactory moist pellets with practicality. .

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method for solving the problems by specifying the etherification degree of CMC, which is a binder, and the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution thereof (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-7340). ) Is disclosed. That is, it is a method in which CMC having an etherification degree of 0.6 or more and less than 0.8 and a viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution of 9000 cps or more is used as a binder. However, even the CMC in this method may not solve the above-mentioned problems.

The present inventors have previously examined the relationship between the viscosity retention ratio after adding a certain amount of sodium chloride to an aqueous solution of CMC and the properties required for the binder, and The lower the retention rate, the higher the water absorption tended to be, that is, the pellets were hard and had no stickiness, but the pellets were obtained.
A phenomenon was found that the caking property was lacking, and based on this, a 1% viscosity of 10,000 cps or more and an etherification degree of 0.
60 to 0.90, the viscosity retention rate after adding 3% NaCl is 3
A binder comprising 0% or less of CMC and sodium polyacrylate has been proposed and good results have been obtained (see JP-A-4-66056). However, in this method, workability may be deteriorated in handling sodium polyacrylate, and improvement thereof has been demanded. Therefore, the inventors of the present invention conducted various studies on CMC exhibiting good caking performance even when used alone, with the viscosity retention after addition of 3% NaCl as an index. There was a tendency to obtain pellets,
On the other hand, CMC with a large viscosity retention rate after addition of 3% NaCl
However, there were cases where the pellet quality was not sufficient. This is because of the influence of raw bait, which is the raw material for moist pellets (ratio with mixed feed, fish species, production area, etc.) and moist pellet manufacturing conditions (seawater may be used to adjust the hardness of pellets, etc.). This is because the influence can be considered.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a binder for moist pellets composed of CMC which solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and exhibits good binding performance even when used alone.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors focusing on the sodium chloride resistance of CMC, 1% by weight of a 1% aqueous solution having an etherification degree of 0.6 or more and 0.9 or less. Viscosity of adding sodium chloride is 8000 cps or more, and log ₁₀ Y of viscosity Y (cps) when adding sodium chloride to a 1% aqueous solution of CMC in a range of 1 to 4% by weight, CMC having a slope of -0.07 or more, which is considered to be an index of the uniformity of the substituent distribution obtained from a graph with the addition rate X (wt%) of sodium chloride as the horizontal axis, is a binder for moist pellets. As a result, they have found that the above problems can be solved, and completed the present invention.

In the present invention, the degree of etherification of CMC is set to be 0.6 to 0.9, which is less than 0.6 or 0.9.
When the content exceeds C, the content of C is within the range of sodium chloride resistance of the present invention.
This is because even with MC, proper caking properties (unbreakable, less sticky, etc.) cannot be obtained. In the present invention, the viscosity when 1% by weight of sodium chloride is added to 1% aqueous solution of CMC is 8000 cps or more, and the viscosity when sodium chloride is added to the 1% aqueous solution of CMC in the range of 1 to 4% by weight. It is necessary to satisfy the condition that the slope of the straight line obtained from the graph with the log ₁₀ Y of Y (cps) as the vertical axis and the addition rate X (wt%) of sodium chloride as the horizontal axis is −0.07 or more. The reason for this is that if it is out of these ranges, the balance between water absorbency and caking property as a binder for moist pellets becomes poor, so it is hard to collapse, cracks occur on the surface, and smoothness is poor. This is because it is not possible to obtain a satisfactory moist pellet having properties.

As described above, the present invention specifies the relationship between the sodium chloride resistance of CMC and the practical performance required for the binder for moist pellets, and thereby provides CMC satisfying the practical performance. Therefore, prior applications (for example, JP-A-61-260841, JP-A-62-87059)
Even though the binder for moist pellets disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No.), etc. is required to have salt resistance, a method of specifying salt resistance or a clear relationship between salt resistance and practical performance is shown. Technically different in that there is no. The binder for moist pellets comprising CMC satisfying the sodium chloride resistance according to the present invention can be obtained by increasing the solvent concentration in the reaction system. This is considered to be because etherification is uniformly performed at a solvent concentration of about 90% as generally known, and thereby the distribution of substituents of the formed CMC becomes uniform. The binder for moist pellets comprising CMC according to the present invention sufficiently satisfies the required performance as a binder for moist pellets even when used alone, but other binders that are commonly used, such as guar gum It does not make any difference to mix sodium alginate.

[0011]

EXAMPLES The binder for moist pellets according to the present invention will be described in more detail below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 Isopropyl alcohol 14 was added to a twin-screw kneader having a capacity of 51.
A solution prepared by dissolving 08 g and 94.5 g of sodium hydroxide in 192 g of water was added. 200 g of sheet-like linter pulp is added while keeping the temperature at 25 ° C. and purging with nitrogen gas. While maintaining this temperature and purging with nitrogen gas, 1
The mixture was stirred and mixed for 20 minutes to carry out the Alcel reaction. Then, 106.2 g of monochloroacetic acid dissolved in 200 g of 90% isopropyl alcohol was added, and an etherification reaction was carried out at this temperature for 120 minutes. After completion of etherification, neutralize with acetic acid and add 2 with 75% methyl alcohol 101.
After purification twice, it was dehydrated by a centrifugal dehydrator and dried for 2 hours in a blow dryer kept at 110 ° C. to obtain CMC.

The degree of etherification of this CMC is 0.65, 1
% Aqueous solution viscosity (CMC equivalent to 1 wt%
What was melted at 00 rpm for 3 hours was heated to 25 ° C,
B-type viscometer manufactured by Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd., 30 rpm, measured for 3 minutes) is 14500 cps, viscosity after adding 1% by weight of sodium chloride (adding 5 g of sodium chloride to 500 g of 1% aqueous solution and further stirring at 600 rpm for 2 hours) To do.
After that, the temperature was adjusted to 25 ° C, and a B-type viscometer manufactured by Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd. 3
(Measured at 0 rpm for 3 minutes) is 8800 cps. Similarly, the log ₁₀ Y value of the viscosity Y (cps) after adding 1, 2, 3 and 4% by weight of sodium chloride respectively is plotted on the vertical axis, and the addition rate of sodium chloride is The slope obtained from the plot (FIG. 1) of the graph with X (% by weight) on the horizontal axis is -0.0.
It was 6. 98 parts by weight of fish meal was added to 2 parts by weight of this CMC and mixed well to obtain a mixed feed. 12 kg of roughly crushed frozen sardines and 8 kg of the above-mentioned compounded feed were pelletized by a granulator manufactured by Mitsuya. The pellet diameter was 8 mm.

Example 2 CMC was obtained under exactly the same reaction conditions as in Example 1 except for the conditions shown in Table 1. The degree of etherification of this CMC measured by exactly the same method as in Example 1 was 0.75, the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution was 12500 cps, and the viscosity after adding 1 wt% sodium chloride to a 1% aqueous solution of CMC was 8340 cp.
s, log ₁₀ Y of viscosity Y (cps) after addition of 1, 2, 3 and 4% by weight of sodium chloride, respectively.
The slope of the straight line obtained from the plot of the graph (FIG. 1) in which the vertical axis represents the value and the horizontal axis represents the sodium chloride addition rate X (% by weight) was −0.04. This CMC was pelletized by using the same raw materials, equipment and procedure as in Example 1.

Example 3 CMC was obtained under the same reaction conditions as in Example 1 except for the conditions shown in Table 1. The degree of etherification of this CMC measured by exactly the same method as in Example 1 was 0.67, the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution was 12400 cps, and the viscosity after adding 1 wt% sodium chloride to a 1% aqueous solution of CMC was 8120 cp.
s, log ₁₀ Y of viscosity Y (cps) after addition of 1, 2, 3 and 4% by weight of sodium chloride, respectively.
The slope of the straight line obtained from the plot (FIG. 1) of the graph with the vertical axis representing the value and the horizontal axis representing the sodium chloride addition rate X (% by weight) was -0.03. This CMC was pelletized by using the same raw materials, equipment and procedure as in Example 1.

Comparative Example 1 CMC was obtained under the same reaction conditions as in Example 1 except for the conditions shown in Table 1. The degree of etherification of this CMC measured by exactly the same method as in Example 1 was 0.65, the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution was 13700 cps, and the viscosity after adding 1 wt% sodium chloride to a 1% aqueous solution of CMC was 3520 cp.
s, log ₁₀ Y of viscosity Y (cps) after addition of 1, 2, 3 and 4% by weight of sodium chloride, respectively.
The slope of the straight line obtained from the plot of the graph (FIG. 1) in which the vertical axis represents the value and the horizontal axis represents the sodium chloride addition rate X (% by weight) was −0.12. This CMC was pelletized by using the same raw materials, equipment and procedure as in Example 1.

Comparative Example 2 CMC was obtained under the same reaction conditions as in Example 1 except for the conditions shown in Table 1. The degree of etherification of this CMC measured by exactly the same method as in Example 1 was 0.66, the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution was 14200 cps, and the viscosity after adding 1% by weight sodium chloride to a 1% aqueous solution of CMC was 8080 cp.
s, log ₁₀ Y of viscosity Y (cps) after addition of 1, 2, 3 and 4% by weight of sodium chloride, respectively.
The slope of the straight line obtained from the plot of the graph (FIG. 1) in which the vertical axis represents the value and the horizontal axis represents the sodium chloride addition rate X (% by weight) was −0.11. This CMC was pelletized by using the same raw materials, equipment and procedure as in Example 1.

Comparative Example 3 CMC was obtained under the same reaction conditions as in Example 1 except for the conditions shown in Table 1. The degree of etherification of this CMC measured by exactly the same method as in Example 1 was 0.67, the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution was 13800 cps, and the viscosity after adding 1 wt% sodium chloride to a 1% aqueous solution of CMC was 7630 cp.
s, log ₁₀ Y of viscosity Y (cps) after addition of 1, 2, 3 and 4% by weight of sodium chloride, respectively.
The slope of the straight line obtained from the plot of the graph (FIG. 1) in which the vertical axis represents the value and the horizontal axis represents the sodium chloride addition rate X (% by weight) was −0.05. This CMC was pelletized by using the same raw materials, equipment and procedure as in Example 1.

Comparative Example 4 The degree of etherification of CMC manufactured by Company A was 0.72, and the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution was 10120, measured by the same method as in Example 1.
The viscosity after adding 1% by weight of sodium chloride to a 1% aqueous solution of cps, CMC is 2900 cps, and similarly, the viscosity Y (cps) after adding 1, 2, 3 and 4% by weight of sodium chloride respectively. the _{10 Y} values on the vertical axis, the slope of the straight line obtained from the plot of the graph taken addition rate of sodium chloride X (% by weight) on the horizontal axis (Fig. 1) is -0.11
Met. This CMC is the same raw material as in Example 1,
Pelletized by equipment and procedure.

Table 2 shows the state of the pellets obtained from the above Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4. As shown in Table 2, the CMC satisfying the following conditions is Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-73.
Even if the conditions disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 40 are satisfied, the practical performance, which was still insufficient as a binder for moist pellets, is sufficiently satisfied, and it is possible to sufficiently cope even if the mixing ratio of raw bait is equal to or more than that. Was proved.

1) Degree of etherification: 0.60 or less to 0.9
0 or less 2) Viscosity obtained by adding 1% by weight of sodium chloride to 1% aqueous solution is 8000 cps or more 3) 1% of viscosity Y (cps) when adding sodium chloride in the range of 1 to 4% by weight to 1% aqueous solution
The slope of the straight line obtained from the graph with the og ₁₀ Y as the vertical axis and the sodium chloride addition rate X (% by weight) as the horizontal axis is −0.07 or more.

[0022]

[Table 1]

[0023]

[Table 2]

[0024]

As described in detail above, the binder for moist pellets comprising CMC satisfying the sodium chloride resistance according to the present invention has sodium chloride resistance within a specific range as shown in Table 2. If it is used alone, it is good as a binder for moist pellets and can be suitably used.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a 1% aqueous solution in Examples and Comparative Examples.
Viscosity Y with the addition of 2, 3 and 4% by weight sodium chloride
(Cps) log ₁₀ Y is a vertical axis and a sodium chloride addition rate X (% by weight) is a horizontal axis.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 CMC of Example 1 2 CMC of Example 2 CMC 1 ′ of Example 3 CMC 2 ′ of Comparative Example 1 CMC 3 ′ of Comparative Example 2 CMC 4 ′ of Comparative Example 3 CMC of Comparative Example 4

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A 1% aqueous solution having an etherification degree of 0.6 or more and 0.9 or less to which 1% by weight of sodium chloride is added has a viscosity of 8000 cps or more, and 1% aqueous solution has a viscosity of 1 to 4
The _{log 10} Y a viscosity Y (cps) when sodium chloride was added, respectively, in weight percent range on the vertical axis,
The horizontal axis represents the sodium chloride addition rate X (% by weight).
A binder for moist pellets, characterized in that it comprises sodium carboxymethyl cellulose having a slope of a straight line of -0.07 or more, which is obtained from F.