JP2556386B2 - Steel studs and precast panels - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heat-efficient steel stud having an edge flange having an opening for embedding in concrete and a synthetic precast panel shared with the stud. Is.

(B) Prior Art A precast panel is typically finished on one side and has a number of structural advantages. In many cases where precast panels are used, the cost of the building is reduced. Furthermore, it is possible to use panels for the exterior, which have an attractive appearance. In many cases,
The panel material is concrete in combination with reinforcement.
Typically, concrete panels have a thickness of between about 1 inch (25.4 mm) and 2 inches (50.8 mm).

Panels of this thickness require structural reinforcement features to provide rigidity. Furthermore, when this panel is used as an exterior support wall, the panel must cooperate with some form of structural member.

Typically, this type of panel must be upright in place to create the finished outer surface, and the inner surface of the panel must be coated and finished in a later step.

In other applications, the inner surface of the panel may be factory prefabricated and insulated so that a complete wall system may be achieved prior to installation.

Applications of this precast panel provide exterior wall systems for commercial and industrial buildings, high rise office buildings and apartments, and interior wall systems with various finishes as required.

Often, such panel systems are supported by building structures and usually provide no load bearing capacity other than wind resistance.

In these cases, the panels must be fixed to the building structure.

However, this type of precast panel must meet all the requirements mentioned above in a satisfactory and efficient manner and at a reasonable cost. In most structural projects, the actual weight of the materials used in the structure is very important. The weight of a material affects the cost of the material and the cost of shipping it, and also limits the way the material can be handled at the construction site.

However, in addition to all these constraints, especially in the construction of tall buildings, the weight of structural material is an important factor in the design of the entire building.

If a marked reduction in material weight is achieved,
It makes it possible to optimize the design of the entire building and save building costs. Therefore, for this reason, it is desirable that the thickness of the precast panel be reduced in a minimal manner to meet these requirements.

Therefore, design developments of such precast panels have been directed towards reducing the thickness of the panel and cooperating with metal structure studs or channels on one side of the panel.

In this way, the outer surface of the panel has a finished appearance,
Also, the inner surface of the panel has a plurality of metal studs or channels partially embedded in its surface.

It has been found that using these techniques, it is possible to produce precast panels of considerable size and between 1 and 2 inches thick.

Reinforced steel is associated with the panel and structural steel studs have a portion embedded in concrete on one side of the reinforced steel web.

Traditionally, the steel studs used for this purpose have been simple C-shaped channels. One edge of the channel simply rests on a reinforced steel mesh.

However, this is not always a satisfactory method of installation. The edges of the channel create weak lines in the panel.

Moreover, the use of a simple C-shaped channel creates an obstruction in the wall. If electrical work must be done through the wall, openings must be made through the channels.

Another important issue is heat transfer through the channels when the panels are used in building exteriors. The metal creates cold spots on the interior walls of the building, resulting in
Dew forms on and off the wall known as "ghosting". The heat load in the building is also increased.

The weight of the metal stud itself is also an important factor in the total weight of the panel. The reduction in weight that can be achieved without losing stiffness produces important benefits.

In some cases it may be desirable to use such panels as floors or ceilings, but traditionally studs have been insufficient to carry loads.

Therefore, for all these reasons, it is desirable to have a thermally efficient steel stud with an edge flange with an opening embedded in the concrete, which is designed to minimize the weight of the steel stud. It is desirable to have steel studs on the precast panel. The steel stud has an integral fastening means to secure it to the precast slab, cooperating with the opening along a length that effectively reduces heat transfer through the stud, creating a weak straight section of the slab. Are avoiding.

(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention and Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the various problems described above, the present invention comprises a stud member having high thermal efficiency, and the member has two parallel spaced structure portions extending in parallel to each other. And a plurality of spaced post portions extending integrally between the outer structures and having openings therebetween, and embedded in the slab integrally formed with one of the structural portions and extending at an angle therefrom. An intermediate (or joining) flange having an opening extending therethrough and a hooking strip integrally formed with the intermediate flange and arranged at an angle thereto, wherein the opening in the intermediate flange is the pulling strip. It extends to the hanging strip.

More particularly, the object of the invention is to provide a synthetic precast panel having a concrete slab and a plurality of studs having a relay flange and a hooking strip embedded in said slab. The hook strip is arranged at an acute angle to the face of the slab and extends only on one face of the relay flange, with the driven concrete material extending through an opening in the relay flange.

More particularly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a precast panel having the aforementioned stud member with additional stiffening means at the angled portion remote from the relay strip.

Yet another object of the present invention is to drive around the upper and lower frame members extending from one edge to the other edge, extending between the upper and lower ends, and arranged in a predetermined parallel spaced relationship, and around the hook strip. To provide a precast panel having a plurality of stud members embedded therein.

(D) Example As shown in FIG. 1, the precast panel 10 has a slab 12 having a first surface 13 and typically made of concrete. A steel reinforcement mesh R (Fig. 3) is embedded in the slab 12. A plurality of steel stud members 14 are attached to one side of slab 12 in the manner described below.

As best shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the stud member 14 is made up of inner and outer L-shaped angle portions 20 and 22. Each angled portion 20,22 is made up of a respective flange 24,26 and a post flange 28,30. The flange 24 is effectively molded integrally with the reinforced edge flange 25.

Each one of the flanges 24,26 and the strut flanges 28,30 form a right angle so that the two flanges 24,26 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart planes.

To connect the two angled parts 20, 22 together,
Angled struts 32 integrally extend between them. Prop
32 is effectively shaped into a generally three-sided channel shape by bending down one or both edge flange portions 34.

The angled portions 20, 22 and the struts 32 are all integrally formed from a single sheet metal. Typically, they are formed by the roll forming technique. Openings are drilled between the posts 32.

This opening is shown at 36. This kind of stud
Significantly lighter than an equivalent stud with a conventional C-section.
Further, forming an opening in the stud between the edges reduces heat transfer through the stud, while at the same time providing sufficient opening for construction through the stud. If necessary, the edges of the column flanges 28, 30 are bent downwards so that the openings 36 are
The flange may be integrally molded to define the perimeter on all sides.

To secure the studs to the precast panel,
The relay flange 40 extends at a right angle from the flange 26, and the hooking strip 42 extends from the flange 40 to
Fix 40 in concrete panel. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the hook strip 42 is placed at an acute angle on the first surface of the slab 12 in accordance with an important feature of the present invention.

The openings 44 are punched out of the relay flange 40 at intervals as shown in FIG. 2 to allow concrete to be poured during the manufacture of the panel 10. Apertures 44 are shaped to extend into hooking strips 42 so that alternative implementations of such studs will be described below.

In the manufacture of the composite precast panel 10, the stud members 14 are assembled together and fastened to the framework, similar to the framework used to stand and mount walls.
That is, multiple studs, for example 16 or 24 centers
Spaced parallel to each other in inches, upper and lower struts may be attached to either end, if desired.

Manufacture of composite panel 10 is accomplished by pouring into a horizontal casting to a sufficient depth of precast material (typically concrete). In a typical example, it is about 1
Poured to a depth of half an inch. The actual thickness depends on various factors and design specifications.

 The reinforcing net R is placed on the concrete surface.

The entire square framework of studs is lowered into the mold to ride on the reinforcement net and then pushed down into the concrete.

When the desired depth is reached, the hook strip 42 and the relay flange 40 are placed in concrete, and
The flange 26 rides on the first side 13 of the concrete.

The square framework of the studs may be fixed if desired so that the framework does not sink further until the panels are installed and cured.

Once cured, the entire panel is released from the mold.

It has been found necessary to provide an optional attachment between the stud members and the reinforced steel mesh in concrete. But for convenience, if some kind of mounting is required,
For example, to aid in the actual assembly and casting of the panel, a reinforcing mesh is attached by simply looping wires (not shown) through the mesh and through the openings and tying them at various intervals.

However, in some cases, it first puts a reinforcing net on the poured concrete in the mold, then lowers the framework of studs onto the reinforcing net, which puts the concrete to the desired depth. Continue to descend the framework until.

This has the effect of placing the reinforcement mesh in the concrete to the desired depth. In reality, the reinforcement net does not sink further, but remains in place in the concrete.

It has been found that the panels thus produced exhibit great strength and durability. The studs are then fixed to the slab, moving the panel so that it is fixed in place.

The low heat transfer properties of the studs significantly eliminate the cold spots and dew condensation on the interior walls traditionally produced by conventional metal studs.

The discontinuous relay flange 40 is much better than the continuous, non-relayed flange. Typically, 1.5
In inch-thick slabs, continuous relay flanges form a continuous barrier or weak line in the slab to a depth of 0.5 to 0.75 inches. This is not desirable and also makes the panel more brittle.

The slab material flows around the hook strips 42 and through the openings 44 in the relay flange 40.

The slab therefore effectively maintains its integrity, at least in the area of the openings 44, and in this way the slab is stronger and it is possible to use thinner slabs.

In some cases it may be desirable to use the panels according to the invention for floors or ceilings.

It is preferable to increase the load bearing capacity of the stud based on the load to be supported.

Based on the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 4, any or all of the studs may be modified by providing a triangular stiffening tube 50 outward from the first surface 13 of the slab 12.

The tube 50 may be provided instead of the inner angle portion shown in FIG.

The pipe 50 has side walls 52, 5 integrally formed with a triangular cross section.
Made of 4 and bottom wall 56.

Reinforcement ribs should be spaced apart to provide side walls 52,54
Formed within give greater strength.

The side walls 52, 54 are secured together by any suitable means 58 such as spot welding, rivets, forging, etc.

The tubular structure of the stiffening tube 50 adds increased stress resistance to the stanchions. By placing it in a plane that is remote from the slab, it is placed in tension, reducing the deflection of the slab.

The triangular shape of the stiffener should be a substantially closed T if necessary.
It may be replaced with a V-shaped molded body (not shown).

Its structure is self-explanatory and requires no further explanation.

Because the material of the slab flows freely through the openings 44 in the relay flange 40, the slab resulting from the use of this structure is significantly stronger and can carry significantly heavier loads than the possibility of using a continuous relay flange. it can.

However, in addition to these advantages, providing openings in the relay flange 40 helps reduce the problems created by the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion between the material of the stud itself and the slab.

When the opening 44 is formed only in the relay flange 40,
The hook strips 42 may be made somewhat narrower than if these openings 44 extend to the hook strips 42. However, when the opening is extended to the hook strip, as shown in the embodiment described below and in FIGS.
The driving concrete material also flows smoothly and completely from all directions, so that the stud members are held more firmly in the concrete slab.

In use, the panel 10 is typically mounted to form the exterior wall of a building, although the panel 10 can be used as an interior wall if desired. Insulation is placed between the studs and interior wall panels, such as in gypsum walls, are fitted with mounting flanges on the inner surface of the studs.

Referring to FIG. 5, a preferred embodiment of a steel stud member 60 for use in a precast panel according to the present invention is shown. The stud member 60 comprises an inner angled portion 62 and an outer angled portion 64, which is similar to the stud member 14 described above in that it is provided with a reinforcing edge flange 65. The post 66 extends between the post flanges 67 and 68 and defines an opening 69 therebetween.

The outer angle portion 62 is made of a mounting flange 70 integrally molded with the relay flange 72. Relay flange 72
Extends from there at an acute angle and is integrally molded with the hook strip 74. Openings 76 are formed in the relay flange 72, such openings 76 extending partially effectively within the hook strips 74 as shown.

In FIG. 6, a stud member 80 for use in a panel according to the present invention is shown. The same elements of the stud members 60, 80 are represented by the same numbers to avoid duplicate description.

Stud member 80, in that it is not provided with mounting flange 70, is instead provided with a relay flange 82 that is integrally molded with post flange 68 and extends at an angle therefrom. Different from 60. The hook strip 84 is integrally molded with the relay flange 82 and extends at an angle therefrom to be placed at an acute angle on the surface of the slab (not shown).

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a typical precast panel of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of an example of a stud member used for a precast panel. FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of a typical panel having the stud member shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing useful features of a reinforcing pipe for a stud member used in the present invention. FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of an embodiment of a stud member used in the present invention. FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of another embodiment of the stud member used in the present invention. 10: Precast panel, 12: Slab 13: First surface, 14,60,80: Steel stud member 20,22: Angle part, 24,26: Flange 28,30,67,68: Strut flange, 32: Post 36,69: Opening, 40,72,82: Relay flange 42,74,84: Hooking strip, 44,76,86: Opening

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location E04B 5/02 E04B 5/32 D E04C 2/50 K 5/32 2/46 G

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A piece of a unitary sheet metal structure adapted to be partially embedded in a concrete slab defining an inner surface and an outer surface, comprising: (a) two parallel sheets extending parallel to each other. Separate structural parts (67, 68)
In steel stud members (60, 80), including
A steel stud member, characterized in that it further comprises the following parts (b), (c), (d): (b) an integral and diagonal extension between the structural parts and a triangular shape between them A plurality of spaced strut portions (6) having openings (69) and having a generally groove-shaped cross section
6); wherein the opening (69) is at least partially defined by a flange integrally formed with the strut portion; (c) integral with one of the structural portions (67, 68) A relay flange (72, 82) formed into and extending at an angle therefrom and having an opening (76, 86) therethrough; (d) integrally molded with the relay flange (72, 82), Hooking strips (74, 84) arranged at an angle to the relay flange; wherein the opening (76,
86) partially extends to the hook strips (74, 84); and the hook strips and the relay flange are adapted for embedding in the slab, and the concrete material for driving is the The openings (76, 86) in the relay flanges (72, 82) are passed through. 2. A reinforcing pipe (50) integrally formed with the relay flange (72) at a position separated from the relay flange (72, 82) so as to be separated by the column portion (66). The steel according to claim 1, characterized in that
Stud member. 3. The steel stud member according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate flange (72, 82) is oriented at a non-perpendicular angle with respect to the structural portion (67, 68). 4. The steel stud member of claim 3, wherein the hook strips (74, 84) are oriented at a non-perpendicular angle to the relay flanges (72, 82). 5. A slab (12) of cast concrete material having a low thermal conductivity and having a first side, and a slab (12) partially embedded in the first side and said first side.
A precast thin wall structural panel (10) comprising a plurality of parallel spaced steel stud members (60,80) extending from a surface, each being an integral sheet metal structure. Thus, in the structural panel wherein the stud member has (a) two parallel spaced apart structural portions (67, 68), each stud member having the following portions (b), (c), ( a precast thin-walled structural panel, characterized in that it further comprises d): (b) a plurality of spaced apart extending integrally and diagonally between the structural parts and having triangular openings (69) between them. Strut portions (66); wherein the openings (69) between the strut portions (66) are at least partially defined by a flange integrally molded with the strut portions (66); (c) Molded integrally with one of the structural parts A relay flange (72, 82) embedded in the slab and having an opening (76, 86) therethrough; and (d) integrally molded with the relay flange (72, 82) and angled to the relay flange. And a hooking strip (74, embedded in the slab (12) from its first side inwardly.
84); where the opening (76,8) in the relay flange (72,82)
6) extends partially to the hook strips (74, 84); and the hook strips (74, 84) are arranged in the slab (12) non-perpendicular to the first surface of the slab And extends only on one side of the relay flange (72, 82), and the concrete material for driving penetrates the opening (76, 86) in the relay flange. 6. The stud member (14) further comprises a reinforcing pipe (50) integrally formed with the stud member at a position apart from the first surface of the slab (12). The precast thin wall structure panel according to claim 5, characterized in that 7. The relay flange (72, 82) of each stud member (60, 80) extends into the slab at an angle that is not perpendicular to the first surface of the slab.
The precast thin wall structure panel according to claim 5.