JP2550407Y2 - Cutter bit exchange structure of shield machine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield bit exchanging structure for a shield machine which facilitates replacement of a cutter bit attached to a cutter face plate of a shield machine for excavating a tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, a shield excavator is provided with a cutter face plate rotatably around its axis in front of a bulkhead that partitions the inside of a shield frame, and a cutter bit is attached to the cutter face plate. The face is excavated. After the excavated earth and sand is taken into the cutter chamber between the cutter face plate and the bulkhead, the excavated earth and sand is conveyed backward by a screw conveyor or a drain pipe.

Conventionally, the cutter bit has been attached to the cutter face plate by bolts or by welding.

Therefore, when the cutter bit is replaced during the excavation, the ground near the face is improved by using an auxiliary construction method such as a freezing method, and then the front face of the cutter face plate is excavated by hand digging. A person was on the side to exchange.

[0005]

However, when the cutter bit is replaced as in the prior art, a person comes to the face side to replace the cutter bit, which involves a danger and makes the operation difficult. there were.

[0006] In addition, since an auxiliary method for preventing collapse of the face is required, there has been a problem that the construction period is extended and the construction cost is increased.

As a technique for replacing a cutter bit from the inside of a shield frame, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 62-14379 has been proposed.
No. 7, JP-A No. 63-100755, and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 63-100595, however, these methods limit the number of replacements of the cutter bit, or make it impossible to visually check the damaged state of the cutter bit. In addition, there has been a problem that the mounting structure of the cutter bit is complicated and may be damaged or fall off.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a cutter of a shield machine capable of safely and easily replacing a cutter bit from the inside of a shield frame without requiring an auxiliary construction method for preventing collapse of a face. To provide a bit exchange structure.

Another object is that the number of replacement of the cutter bit is not limited, the damage state of the cutter bit can be visually checked, and the mounting structure of the cutter bit is simple and there is no risk of damage or dropping. An object of the present invention is to provide a cutter bit exchange structure for a shield machine.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a shield excavator cutter bit exchanging structure according to the present invention. A rod guide fixed in the rod guide, a rod with a cutter bit slidably provided in the rod guide, a seal member for stopping water between the rod with the cutter bit and the rod guide, and the cutter bit. And a shutter device for opening and closing the inside of the rod guide in which the attached rod slides.

[0011]

According to the above construction, at the time of normal operation of the shield machine, the rod with the cutter bit is installed in the rod guide fixed in the above-mentioned cut-spoke, and the rod is located at the front end of the rod with the cutter bit. The cutter bit protrudes toward the face. When the rod with the cutter bit is installed, the seal member stops the gap between the rod with the cutter bit and the rod guide.

When replacing the cutter bit,
First, the movable bulkhead is joined to the rear of the cut spoke, and the rod with the cutter bit is slid with respect to the rod guide so as to retreat into the machine to a position where the ground water pressure does not leak. After closing the inside of the rod guide in front of the attached rod and stopping the water on the face side, the cutter bit is removed together with the rod.

Then, a new rod with a cutter bit is inserted into the rod guide, the shutter device is opened, and the rod with the cutter bit is slid and moved toward the face as it is to fix the rod in the cut-spoke. It is installed at a predetermined position in the guide, and the exchange of the cutter bit is completed.

Since the cutter bit can be replaced from the inside of the shield frame in this manner, unlike the conventional structure in which a person comes out to the face side to perform the replacement work, an auxiliary construction method for preventing collapse of the face is required. In addition, the cutter bit can be replaced safely and easily.

Further, the cutter bit can be replaced any number of times simply by pulling out the rod with the cutter bit from inside the rod guide and inserting a new rod with the cutter bit into the rod guide. It is easy to visually check the damaged state of the cutter bit.

Further, since only the rod with the cutter bit is installed in the rod guide, the mounting structure of the cutter bit is extremely simple, and there is no risk of damage or falling off.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of a cutter bit replacement structure for a shield machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a shield machine having a cutter bit exchange structure according to the present invention.

As shown, shield machine 1
At the front side of the cylindrical shield frame 2, a bulkhead 3 that partitions the inside of the shield frame 2 back and forth is provided. This bulkhead 3 includes a fixed bulkhead 3a
And the moving bulkhead 3b. The movable bulkhead 3b is slidably moved forward from the position of the fixed bulkhead 3a by a bulkhead adjusting jack 4, and when a cutter bit 5 described later is exchanged, a cutter provided ahead of the fixed bulkhead 3a is provided. The spoke 6 is joined to the rear part. The fixed bulkhead 3 a is provided with a circular cutter face plate 7 that covers the front end of the shield frame 2 via a central shaft 8 and a bearing 9 so as to be rotatable around the axis. A cutter bit 5 is attached to a front surface of the cutter face plate 7 by a structure described later. Then, the tunnel face is excavated by the rotation of the cutter face plate 7, and the excavated earth and sand passes through a slit (not shown) formed in the cutter face plate 7 and a cutter formed between the cutter face plate 7 and the bulkhead 3. After being taken into the chamber 10, the sludge pipe 1 connected to the bulkhead 3
1 is carried out rearward.

The bulkhead 3 and the cut-spoke 6 are provided with a cutter bit replacement port blind cover (not shown) so as to be detachable.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a cutter bit exchange structure according to the present invention, which is located at a portion indicated by A in FIG.

As shown in the figure, the cut-spoke 6 has a cylindrical portion formed at a position corresponding to the mounting position of the cutter bit 5, and its front end is sequentially reduced in diameter to a conical cone. Is formed. The moving bulkhead 3
b, the fixed bulkhead 3 is fixed by the bulkhead adjusting jack 4 when the cutter bit 5 is replaced as described above.
It is slid forward from the position a, and is joined to the rear part of the cut spoke 6. The movable bulkhead 3b is provided with a seal member 3c interposed therebetween.
The gap between the cutter spoke 6 and the moving bulkhead 3b is sealed.

A cylindrical rod guide 12 is fixed in the cut spoke 6 by welding or the like.
The front end of the rod guide 12 is tapered in accordance with the shape of the front end of the cut spoke 6.

Further, a cylindrical rod 13 with a cutter bit is slidably installed in the rod guide 12. The cutter bit 5 is attached to the front end of the rod 13 with the cutter bit. Further, a sealing member 14 such as an O-ring is double-interposed at a front portion of an outer peripheral portion of the rod 13 having a cutter bit, which is in sliding contact with the rod guide 12, so that the rod guide 12 and the cutter bit are provided. The gap with the attached rod 13 is sealed. Further, the rod 1 with the cutter bit
A flange 13a is formed at the rear end of the rod guide 12. The flange 13a is bolted to the rear end of the rod guide 12 when the shield machine 1 is in normal operation.

A shutter device 1 for opening and closing the inside of the rod guide 12 is provided at an intermediate portion of the rod guide 12.
5 are interposed. In the first embodiment, the shutter device 15 includes water stop gates 16a and 16b that slide from opposite sides of the rod guide 12 radially outward to open and close the inside thereof, The water stop gate 1
It comprises a cylinder device 17 for driving the opening and closing of 6a, 16b. The distal ends of the water stop gates 16a and 16b are formed with irregularities, respectively, and have water tightness when they come into contact with each other. The rod guide 12 is formed with a slit 12a for passing the water stop gates 16a and 16b. A seal member 18 for stopping water in a gap between the inner wall of the slit 12a and the water stop gate 16 is provided at a portion of the rod guide 12 where the slit 12a is formed.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, during normal operation of the shield machine 1, a rod 13 with a cutter bit is installed in a rod guide 12 fixed in the above-mentioned cut-spoke 6, and is provided with the cutter bit. The cutter bit 5 located at the front end of the rod 13 projects to the face side F. In this state, the flange 13 a formed at the rear end of the rod 13 with the cutter bit is bolted to the rear end of the rod guide 12. When the rod 13 with the cutter bit is installed, the sealing member 14 which is double-inserted on the outer peripheral portion of the rod 13 with the cutter bit forms a gap between the rod 13 with the cutter bit and the rod guide 12. The water has stopped.

When replacing the cutter bit 5, first, the cutter face plate 7 of the shield machine 1 is stopped at a predetermined position.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the movable bulkhead 3b is slid forward by the bulkhead adjusting jack 4 from the position of the fixed bulkhead 3a.
It is joined to the rear part of this cut spoke 6.

Then, the blind bit for the cutter bit exchange port which is detachably formed on the bulkhead 3 and the cut-spoke 6 is removed.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3, a rod 13 with a cutter bit is
Is slid and moved back to the inboard side B to a position where the ground pressure does not leak. That is, the gap between the rod with cutter bit 13 and the rod guide 12 is still stopped by the seal member 14.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the water stopping gate 1 is
The slide guides 6a and 16b are driven to close the inside of the rod guide 12 in front of the rod 13 with the cutter bit.
By closing these water stop gates 16a and 16b, the face side F is reliably stopped.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5, the cutter bit 5 is removed from the rod guide 12 together with the rod. At this time, the rod 1 with the cutter bit
3, a flange portion 13a formed at the rear end portion, for example,
The extraction jig 19 as shown in FIG.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
2 and, as shown in FIG.
5. Water stop gates 16a, 16b
Is slid and released, and the rod 13 with the cutter bit is slid and moved to the face side F as it is, as shown in FIG. 1, at a predetermined position in the rod guide 12 fixed in the cut spoke 6. And the replacement of the cutter bit 5 is completed.

Next, a blind plate for a cutter bit replacement port is attached to the bulkhead 3 and the cut spoke 6.

Finally, the movable bulkhead 3b is fixed by the bulkhead adjusting jack 4
The shield excavator 1 is slid to the position a, and is retracted from the rear part of the cut-spoke 6 so that the shield machine 1 can be excavated.

As described above, since the cutter bit 5 can be replaced from the inside of the shield frame 2,
Unlike the conventional structure in which a person goes out to the face side to perform the replacement work, the replacement work of the cutter bit 5 can be performed safely and easily without requiring an auxiliary construction method for preventing collapse of the face. That is, the cutter bit 5 can be replaced in a shorter time than in the machine behind the cutter face plate 7 of the shield machine 1, thereby enabling high-speed excavation of a long-distance tunnel.

Then, the rod 13 with the cutter bit is pulled out from the rod guide 12 and a new rod 13 with the cutter bit is inserted into the rod guide 12. However, the cutter bit 5 can be replaced, and this makes it easy to visually confirm the damaged state of the cutter bit 5.

Further, since the rod 13 having the cutter bit 5 attached to the tip thereof is merely installed in the rod guide 12, the mounting structure of the cutter bit 5 is extremely simple, and there is no risk of damage or dropping. Things.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the cutter bit exchange structure according to the present invention.

In the second embodiment, there are water stop gates 20a and 20b which rotate the shutter device 15 from both radially outer sides of the rod guide 12 to make substantial contact and open / close the inside thereof.
The water stop gates 20a and 20b are constituted by a cylinder device 21 for opening and closing. The distal ends of these water stop gates 20a and 20b have a mutually uneven shape so as to be superposed and watertight. The water stop gates 20a and 20b and the cylinder device 21 that constitute the shutter device 15 are built in the rod guide 12.

The second embodiment has the same operation and effect as the first embodiment. However, in the second embodiment, the width of the device is smaller than that of the first embodiment. Is what you can do.

FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the cutter bit exchange structure according to the present invention.

In the third embodiment, the shutter device 15 is constituted by a water stop valve 30 such as a ball valve or a gate valve. The water stop valve 30 is provided between two rod guides 32a and 32b. Has been established. The rod 13 with the cutter bit includes the rod guide 32a, the water stop valve 30, and the rod guide 32b.
It slides in order inside.

The third embodiment has the same operation and effects as those of the first and second embodiments. However, in the third embodiment, the existing water stop valve 30 can be used. Therefore, it can be manufactured at extremely low cost.

[0046]

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the cutter bit exchange structure of the shield machine according to the present invention, an auxiliary construction method for preventing the collapse of the face is not required, and the cutter bit can be safely and internally mounted from the inside of the shield frame. Can be easily replaced.

Further, the number of replacement of the cutter bit is not limited, and the state of damage of the cutter bit can be visually checked. The excellent effect that the mounting structure of the cutter bit is simple and there is no danger of damage or dropping out is obtained. Demonstrate.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of a cutter bit exchange structure of a shield machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing a shield machine having a cutter bit exchange structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a retracted state of an old cutter bit or a state in which a new cutter bit is being installed in the cutter bit exchange structure of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a closed state of a shutter device in the cutter bit exchange structure of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which an old cutter bit is pulled out or a state before a new cutter bit is inserted in the cutter bit exchange structure of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the cutter bit exchange structure of the shield machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a third embodiment of the cutter bit exchange structure of the shield machine according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3b Moving bulkhead 5 Cutter bit 6 Cutter spoke 12 Rod guide 13 Rod with cutter bit 14 Seal member 15 Shutter device

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Yoshihiro Akiyama 2-4-1, Nishi-Atsujigaoka, Chofu-shi, Tokyo Tokyo Electric Power Company Technical Research Institute (56) References JP-A-3-202593 (JP, A )

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A movable bulkhead to be joined to a rear portion of a cutter spoke when a cutter bit is replaced, a rod guide fixed in the cutter spoke, and a cutter bit slidably provided in the rod guide. Rod and
A shield comprising: a sealing member for stopping water between a rod with the cutter bit and the rod guide; and a shutter device for opening and closing the inside of the rod guide in which the rod with the cutter bit slides. Excavator cutter bit exchange structure.