JP2548514Y2 - Combustion gas mixing structure in refuse incinerator - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a refuse incinerator used for incineration of municipal solid waste and industrial waste, and more particularly, to a new structure of a combustion furnace for effectively mixing combustion gas in the furnace. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, grate type incinerators have two typical two shapes. One is a large-sized incinerator with a boiler as shown in FIG. 5, and the other is a small-sized incinerator with a water injection nozzle as shown in FIG. Shape.

The refuse incinerator shown in FIG. 5 comprises a primary combustion chamber (1) provided with a grate (4) and a secondary combustion chamber (2) provided above the primary combustion chamber (1). A gas discharge passage (3) is provided for guiding the combustion gas generated in the secondary combustion chamber (2) to an outlet (not shown).

The refuse (R) in the hopper (5) is placed on the grate (4) and is burned by primary air supplied from below the grate (4). Then, the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the refuse (R) rises from the primary combustion chamber (1), enters the secondary combustion chamber (2) almost straight, passes through the gas discharge path (3), and from the outlet. Is discharged.

The refuse incinerator shown in FIG. 6 is similar to the refuse incinerator shown in FIG. 5 described above, and has a primary combustion chamber provided with a grate (4).
(1) and a secondary combustion chamber provided above the primary combustion chamber (1)
(2), a gas discharge path (3) for guiding the combustion gas generated in the secondary combustion chamber (2) to an outlet (not shown), and a water injection nozzle (6) are further provided.

[0006] By injecting water from the nozzle (6), mixing of the flame (F) with excess air is promoted, and a water gas reaction is promoted.

[0007]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, there are the following problems in incineration of refuse using the above incinerator.

That is, in the refuse incinerator shown in FIG. 5, the combustion gas generated by the combustion of the refuse (R) in the primary combustion chamber (1) rises from the primary combustion chamber (1) and turns over. There is no collision and the fuel enters the secondary combustion chamber (2) almost straight and rises as it is. Therefore, the mixing of the combustion gases is poor and complete combustion cannot be achieved. As a result, unburned components such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and soot are directly discharged together with the combustion exhaust gas.

In the refuse incinerator shown in FIG.
The flame (F) hits the front ceiling (1a) of the primary combustion chamber, and the mixing of the combustion gas is slightly promoted. However, since the main flow of the flame (F) flows along the front wall (2a) of the secondary combustion chamber (2), the full volume of the secondary combustion chamber (2) is not sufficiently utilized, and the residence time is insufficient. Complete combustion cannot be achieved.

In the refuse incinerator shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the gas flow in the secondary combustion chamber (2) is close to a so-called piston flow. And sudden changes due to changes in the form of waste, etc., often causing an instantaneous shortage of air.In this case also, unburned components such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and soot are discharged together with the exhaust gas. You. This is due to the instantaneous shortage of air as described above, in which the upstream combustion gas and the downstream combustion gas are not mixed in the piston flow gas flow.

[0011] The hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust gas in a large amount in this way are so-called dioxin precursors, and have a problem that they react with chlorides such as hydrogen chloride gas in the downstream to generate highly toxic dioxins.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem and to provide a refuse incinerator capable of suppressing the generation of unburned components when incinerating municipal waste and industrial waste in a refuse incinerator. is there.

[0013]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been devised in order to achieve the above object, and has a specific structure for the ceiling (1a) (1b) of the primary combustion chamber (1). It has been completed based on the finding that the combustion gas can be effectively mixed.

That is, one embodiment of the present invention is a grate
(4) in a grate-type refuse incinerator having a primary combustion chamber (1) with a secondary combustion chamber (2) connected above the primary combustion chamber (1), the front ceiling of the primary combustion chamber (1) (1a) is the secondary combustion chamber (2)
Projecting rearward from the center plane between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the front ceiling (1a) and the rear wall (1d) of the primary combustion chamber (1).
The distance is the distance between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the secondary combustion chamber (2).
And the rear ceiling (1b) of the primary combustion chamber (1) is almost perpendicular to the rear wall (1d) of the primary combustion chamber (1) and in front of the primary combustion chamber (1). This is a combustion gas mixing structure in a refuse incinerator that is arranged higher than the ceiling (1a).

[0015] Another aspect of the present invention is a grate.
(4) in a grate-type incinerator having a primary combustion chamber (1) and a secondary combustion chamber (2) connected above the primary combustion chamber (1), the rear ceiling of the primary combustion chamber (1) 1b) is the secondary combustion chamber (2)
Projecting forward from the center plane between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the rear ceiling (1b) and the front wall (1c) of the primary combustion chamber (1).
The distance is the distance between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the secondary combustion chamber (2).
The primary ceiling (1a) of the primary combustion chamber (1) is almost perpendicular to the front wall (1c) of the primary combustion chamber (1), This is a combustion gas mixing structure in a refuse incinerator that is arranged higher than the rear ceiling (1b).

In the combustion furnace according to the present invention, an inward projection is formed on an extension of the rear ceiling (1b) of the primary combustion chamber (1) which is substantially orthogonal to the rear wall (1d) of the primary combustion chamber (1). 7) may be provided. Similarly,
Primary combustion chamber that is almost perpendicular to the front wall (1c) of the primary combustion chamber (1)
An inward projection (8) may be provided on an extension of the front ceiling (1a) of (1).

The combustion furnace of the present invention may be provided with a water injection nozzle (6). Preferably, a plurality of water injection nozzles (6) are provided side by side on the left and right.

The combustion furnace of the present invention may be provided with a secondary air nozzle. It is preferable that the secondary air nozzle is disposed so as to face the collision position of the combustion gas.

The gas temperature at the inlet of the secondary combustion chamber is preferably 1150-850 ° C., more preferably 1000
The temperature is in the range of ~ 900 ° C.

[0020]

In the refuse incinerator according to one aspect of the present invention,
The front ceiling (1a) of the primary combustion chamber (1) projects rearward from the center plane between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the secondary combustion chamber (2) ,
The distance between the rear end of the front ceiling (1a) and the rear wall (1d) of the primary combustion chamber (1)
Is larger than the distance between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the secondary combustion chamber (2).
It is narrow and has a rear ceiling (1
b) is almost perpendicular to the rear wall (1d) of the primary combustion chamber (1) and is located higher than the front ceiling (1a) of the primary combustion chamber (1), so the front ceiling (1a) The flame (F), which completely hits, changes its mainstream direction backward along the ceiling (1a). And flame (F)
After colliding with the rear wall (1d), it becomes an upward flow and collides with the rear ceiling (1b), so that the flow is reversed. Thus, the flow of the flame (F) is refracted, and the main flow of the flame (F) is changed to the secondary combustion chamber (2).
Guide to the center of. Flame (F) is applied to the back wall (1d) and ceiling (1
a) Combustion gas vortex is generated when colliding with (1b), the combustion gas is well mixed, and the total volume of the secondary combustion chamber (2) is fully utilized to prolong the residence time of the combustion gas. Can be.
As a result, combustion is promoted and complete combustion is achieved.

Further, in another embodiment of the refuse incinerator of the present invention, the effect of mixing the combustion gas is obtained in the same manner as described above, the combustion is promoted, and the complete combustion is achieved.

[0022]

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiment. In the description of the embodiment, the left and right of FIG.

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 shows an example of a refuse incinerator according to the present invention. 5, the same components as those in FIGS. 5 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. That is, the primary combustion chamber (1)
The secondary combustion chamber (2), gas discharge passage (3), grate (4), hopper (5) and the like are the same as those shown in FIGS.

The front ceiling (1a) of the primary combustion chamber (1) is substantially horizontal, and the rear side of the center plane between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the secondary combustion chamber (2). Sticking out. And the front ceiling (1a)
The distance between the rear end and the rear wall (1d) of the primary combustion chamber (1) is
The distance between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the room (2) is narrower.
ing. Also, the rear ceiling (1b) of the primary combustion chamber (1) is almost horizontal, is almost perpendicular to the rear wall (1d) of the primary combustion chamber (1), and is higher than the front ceiling (1a). Are arranged.

A water injection nozzle is provided in the primary combustion chamber (1).
(6) are provided side by side on the left and right.

With this structure, the main stream of the flame (F) collides with the front ceiling (1a), the rear wall (1d), and the rear ceiling (1b) sequentially.
The flow of the flame (F) is refracted and guided to the center of the secondary combustion chamber (2). When the flame (F) collides with the rear wall (1d) and the ceilings (1a) (1b), a vortex of the combustion gas is generated and the combustion gas is mixed well, thereby promoting the combustion. Further, the entire volume of the secondary combustion chamber (2) is fully utilized, so that the residence time of the combustion gas can be lengthened, and the secondary combustion is promoted. As a result, complete combustion is achieved.

Table 1 summarizes the results of measuring the CO concentration at the outlet of the refuse incinerator.

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 2 shows an example of a refuse incinerator according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a refuse incinerator provided with an inward protrusion (7).

In the figure, the rear ceiling of the primary combustion chamber (1)
An inward projection (7) is provided horizontally on an extension of (1b). The inward projection (7) is made of a rectangular bar having a right-angled cross section. Other configurations are the same as those of the refuse incinerator of the first embodiment.

By providing the inward protrusion (7) in this manner, more vortex of the combustion gas is generated and the combustion gas is mixed well than in the case of the waste incinerator of the first embodiment. In the secondary combustion chamber (2), the front end of the flame (F) becomes wider and shorter in the front-rear direction, so that the residence time of the combustion gas can be further lengthened. As a result, combustion is promoted and complete combustion is achieved.

Table 1 summarizes the results of measuring the CO concentration at the outlet of the waste incinerator.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 3 shows an example of a refuse incinerator according to the present invention. 5, the same components as those in FIGS. 5 and 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. That is, the primary combustion chamber (1)
The secondary combustion chamber (2), gas discharge passage (3), grate (4), hopper (5) and the like are the same as those shown in FIGS.

The rear ceiling (1b) of the primary combustion chamber (1) is a grate
It is almost parallel to (4) and protrudes forward from the center plane between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the secondary combustion chamber (2). Soshi
Between the front end of the rear ceiling (1b) and the front wall (1c) of the primary combustion chamber (1).
The distance between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the secondary combustion chamber (2)
Has been made narrower than. The front ceiling (1a) of the primary combustion chamber (1) is almost horizontal, and the front wall (1c) of the primary combustion chamber (1)
, And higher than the rear ceiling (1b) of the primary combustion chamber (1).

With this structure, the main stream of the flame (F) collides with the rear ceiling (1b), the front wall (1c), and the front ceiling (1a) sequentially.
The flow of the flame (F) is refracted and guided to the center of the secondary combustion chamber (2). When the flame (F) collides with the front wall (1c) and the ceilings (1a) (1b), a vortex of the combustion gas is generated and the combustion gas is mixed well, thereby promoting the combustion. Further, the entire volume of the secondary combustion chamber (2) is fully utilized, so that the residence time of the combustion gas can be lengthened, and the secondary combustion is promoted. As a result, complete combustion is achieved.

Table 1 summarizes the results of measuring the CO concentration at the outlet of the refuse incinerator.

[Embodiment 4] FIG. 4 is an example of a refuse incinerator according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a refuse incinerator provided with an inward protrusion (8).

In the figure, the front ceiling of the primary combustion chamber (1)
An inward projection (8) is provided horizontally on an extension of (1a). The inward projection (8) is made of a member having a substantially right-angled triangular cross section. Other configurations are the same as those of the waste incinerator of the third embodiment.

By providing the inward projection (8) in this manner, more vortex of the combustion gas is generated and the combustion gas is mixed well than in the case of the waste incinerator of the third embodiment. In the secondary combustion chamber (2), the front end of the flame (F) becomes wider and shorter in the front-rear direction, so that the residence time of the combustion gas can be further lengthened. As a result, combustion is promoted and complete combustion is achieved.

Table 1 summarizes the results of measuring the CO concentration at the outlet of this refuse incinerator.

[0040] As is clear from Table 1, in the incinerator according to the embodiment of the present invention, the CO concentration at the outlet of the incinerator is significantly reduced as compared with the conventional incinerator shown in FIGS.

[0041]

[Effects of the Invention] According to the refuse incinerator of the present invention, as described above, the flame (F) is applied to the wall of the primary combustion chamber (1) [(1c) or
(1d)] and the ceilings (1a) and (1b) collide with the combustion gas when they collide with the ceiling (1a) and (1b).
Since the total volume of (2) is fully utilized and the residence time of the combustion gas can be lengthened, combustion is promoted and complete combustion is achieved. As a result, unburned components in exhaust gas containing dioxin precursors such as hydrocarbons are drastically reduced, and generation of dioxin is prevented beforehand, and exhaust gas containing only a trace amount or no dioxin can be released to the atmosphere.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing one specific example of a refuse incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing one specific example of the refuse incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing one specific example of the refuse incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view showing one specific example of the refuse incinerator according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing a conventional refuse incinerator.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view showing a conventional refuse incinerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) Primary combustion chamber (2) Secondary combustion chamber (1a) Front ceiling of primary combustion chamber (1b) Rear ceiling of primary combustion chamber (1c) Front wall of primary combustion chamber (1d)… rear wall of primary combustion chamber (2a)… front wall of secondary combustion chamber (2b)… rear wall of secondary combustion chamber (3)… gas discharge channel (4)… grate (5)… Hopper (6)… Water injection nozzle (7) (8)… Inward projection

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Kohei Hamabe 5-3-28 Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka City Inside Tachibana Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Kazuo Ieyama 5-28, Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi No. Tachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Norio Tanaka 5-28, Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi (72) Inventor Mamoru Kondo 5-28, Nishikujo, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi No. Tachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (56) Reference: Japanese Utility Model Application Showa 57-55841 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] A primary combustion chamber (1) having a grate (4);
In a grate-type incinerator provided with a secondary combustion chamber (2) connected above it, the front ceiling (1a) of the primary combustion chamber (1) is in front of the secondary combustion chamber (2). Projecting rearward from the center plane between the wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) ,
The distance between the rear end of the front ceiling (1a) and the rear wall (1d) of the primary combustion chamber (1)
Is larger than the distance between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the secondary combustion chamber (2).
It is narrow and has a rear ceiling (1
b) is substantially perpendicular to the rear wall (1d) of the primary combustion chamber (1) and is higher than the front ceiling (1a) of the primary combustion chamber (1), or 1) the rear ceiling (1b) projects forward from the center plane between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the secondary combustion chamber (2) ,
The distance between the front end of the rear ceiling (1b) and the front wall (1c) of the primary combustion chamber (1)
Is larger than the distance between the front wall (2a) and the rear wall (2b) of the secondary combustion chamber (2).
It is narrow and the front ceiling (1) of the primary combustion chamber (1)
a) a refuse incinerator characterized in that a) is disposed substantially perpendicular to the front wall (1c) of the primary combustion chamber (1) and higher than the rear ceiling (1b) of the primary combustion chamber (1). Combustion gas mixing structure.